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Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
OVERVIEW OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY WATER OVERVIEW OF QUANTITY AND QUALITY WATER
MANAGEMENT IN SPAINMANAGEMENT IN SPAIN
Ángel García CantónHead of Hydrological Planning and Studies DepartmentCEDEXSPAIN
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
)
UNESCO moisture index ( EUROSTAT)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
mm
NATURAL CONDITIONS CONCERNINIG WATER RESOURCES
A singular case in the European context
Irregularity
Time
SpaceAverage annual natural runoff
109,000 hm3
Year
Pre
cip
ita
tio
n
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
Superficial
Groundwater
Both
24,500 hm3
TOTAL WATER DEMAND
Demand for urban supply (mm/year)
Demand for irrigation
Industrial demand (mm/year)
Total water demand (mm/year)
Urban, industrial & agricultural demand
5,000 hm3
6,500 hm3
36,000 hm3
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
Total demand (mm/year)
Water shortage (mm/year)
Water surplus (mm/year)
Total resource (mm/year)
WATER BALANCE
- +
Measures are necessary
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
Natural regulation
Current regulation
Average natur reg. Average current reg.
INCREASING AVAILABLE RESOURCES THROUGH DAM REGULATION
% N
atu
ral c
um
ula
tive
flow
River basin name
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
DAM CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN SPAIN
Nu
m d
ams
Year
NumberStorage
Cu
mu
lati
ve s
tora
ge
Storage Cost (2006)
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Gal
icia
Cos
ta
Nor
te I
Nor
te II
Nor
te II
I
Due
ro
Tajo
Gua
dian
a I
Gua
dian
a II
Gua
dalq
uivi
r
Sur
Segu
ra
Júca
r
Ebro
C.I.
Cat
aluñ
a
<50 Mala
65-50 Deficiente
75-65 Regular
85-75 Buena
100-85 Excelente
WATER QUALITY STATUS BY THE 1990’S
Mean general quality index
Measures continue to be
necessary41%
48%
58%67%
77%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1995 1998 2000 2002 2005
Compliant
Under construction
Not compliant
Inhabitants equivalent
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
)
INTEGRATED APPROACH: RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS FIRST RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS IN 1998:
Integrated approach quantity and quality (essentially from a chemical point of view)
NEW RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLANS TO BE FINISHED BY THE END 2009 (WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE)
Integrated approach quantity and quality from an ecological point of view
Environmental requirements represent previous conditions to water resources systems
Meet environmental objectives for water
bodies
Satisfy water demands
Measures are taken to
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
WASTE WATER REUSE
Reclamation treatments
Total cost €/m3
Without desalination stage
0.07 – 0.34
With desalination stage
0.47 – 0.85
2009
368 Hm3/year
2015
836 Hm3/year
Next planning cycle
1,030 Hm3/year
NON CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES
DESALINATION Planned measures in Mediterranean coast to increase production to get 900 hm3/year
IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENTEfficiency increase in irrigation (up to 2008):
acts on 570,000 ha foreseen water volume to be saved: 1,400 hm3/yearinvestment cost: 1,500 Million €
A new plan to start in 2010 is in preparation
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
IMPROVEMENT OF FLUVIAL SYSTEMS
NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR RIVER RESTORATION
• Restoration of aquatic and riparian ecosystems
• Reduction of floodplains fragmentation
• Reduction of river fragmentation
WATER QUALITY NATIONAL PLAN: 2007-2015
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
Secondary treatments in all agglomerations > 2,000 p.e. in inland waters and estuaries and > 10,000 p.e. in coastal waters, where it is not installed yet (77% p.e. compliant in 2005).
Appropriate treatments in agglomerations < 2,000 p.e. in inland waters and estuaries and < 10,000 p.e. in coastal waters.
Stringent treatment in agglomerations > 10,000 p.e in sensitive areas, including latest declared sensitive areas (84% p.e. compliant in 2005).
Collecting systems and devices for the limitation of pollution of receiving waters due to storm water overflows (stormwater tanks).
Improvement in R&D about biodiversity and water quality
WATER QUALITY NATIONAL PLAN: 2007-2015Main objectives
19,372 million €
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLANS FOR EACH RIVER
BASIN (finished 2006)
CLIMATE CHANGES STUDIES
•Impact on natural water resources (provisional assesments used in river basin managment plans)
•Impact on water demands
•Impact on water ecosystems
•Impact on water resources availability
Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos (http://www.cedex.es)
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION