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04/10/2023 1
CENTRALIZED MEDICAL GAS
supplies
PRESENTED BY:-DR. KARANBIR KAUR
MBA 1ST YR.ROLL NO:- 9
04/10/2023 2
INTRODUCTION…
• Gases administered to patients are called medical gases
• Medical gases used are life supporting element that shows direct influence in maintaining life of the patient
• Medical gases include oxygen, nitrous oxide, vacuum (suction) & compressed air to operating & special procedure rooms, ICU’s & patient floors
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Contd…
• So at the sections where medical gases are used, the medical gas
must be clean highly pure supplied under stable pressure
• The system must has a through going color coordination audio visual monitoring system a device to prevent cross
connection at medical gas outlet
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Medical gases… oxygen…
• Oxygen may be used for patients requiring supplemental oxygen via a mask.
• Supplied in bulk tank/ cylinders• Stored as gas/ liquid• Containers stationary/ movable• Bulk 20,000 ft3 including reserves
• liquid oxygen at the hospital which is evaporated into a concentrated oxygen supply, pressure is usually around 55 psi.
• In small hospitals with a low patient capacity, oxygen is usually supplied by multiple standard cylinders.
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nitrous oxideo Nitrous Oxide is supplied to various
surgical suites for its anaesthetic functions during pre-operative procedures.
o Delivered to the hospital in standard tanks and supplied through the Medical Gas system.
o System pressures around 50 psi.
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vacuum (suction)
o For patient draining, aspiration & suction & in labs
o Consists of 2 or more vacuum pumps that operate simultaneously/ alternately
o Each pump capable of maintaining 75% of calculated demand
o Continuous vacuum is maintained around 22 inches of mercury.
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compressed airo Medical uses- labs, inhalation
therapy, powering surgical toolso Non medical uses – maintain tools &
equipments in clinical engineering department
o Should be free of dust & moisture…if not done will damage equipment/ contaminate chemicals, foods & drugs
o Pressures are maintained around 55 psi
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Design…
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Components of cmgs…
There are 4 main components:- source of supply: - include central supply room control equipment/
panel Distribution system:- includes piping Point of use delivery connections:-
include outlet valves & pendants Monitoring & control equipments &
alarms
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Central supply room: manifold room
consists of
Cylinder manifold:
May
be as small as 2
banks
of 2 cylinders
each/ as
large as 2
banks of 20 cylinders
each
Control panel
:Consist of primary & secondary pressure
regulators to
ensure delivery of gas at a require
d pressure
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Types of supplies…
PRIMARY SUPPLY
• Part of system that actually supplies the system
Secondary supply
• Automatically supplies the system when primary supply is exhausted
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Various units…
VACUUM UNIT• consist of vacuum pump with
electric motor• A cylindrical reservoir tank stabilizes
the pressure of pipeline system at all outlet points
• Motor has negative pressure switch for automatic on/ off
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COMPRESSED AIR UNIT• Includes compressor with electric
motor , after cooler, air receiver & air dryer
• Instantly provide compressed air where required
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OXYGEN & NITROUS OXIDEo emergency kit ensures supply of gas
through pipes
o Emergency kit includes regulator & high pressure tubings connected to bulk cylinders & gas is fed directly to pipeline through service outlet
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Control panel…
control panel has pressure gauges that indicates the pressure in the gas
When cylinder is empty/ there is some regulator mal function, a warming lamp on control panel glows
BACK
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Distribution system…
through pipes – should be seamless type non ferrous, non arsenic of high quality copper tubing
Piping should be protected against physical damage & corrosion
Gas content of pipeline should be readily identifiable by color of tubing that bears the name of gas
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Before they are erected, all pipes valves, tubes & fittings should be cleaned thoroughly with
tetrachloride/ hot sol. Of sodium carbonate/ trisodium phosphate mixed with water
& rinse thoroughly with warm water
After installation but before connection pipes should be blown clear using oil free air/nitrogen
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When whole system is in place then subjected to test pressure of 150 psi/ 1.5 time working pressure for 24 hrs to check if it can withstand required pressure/ any leakage
This is known as PRESSURE LOCK & it is done section by section
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Outlet pendants…
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Alarm systems…
mainly 2 types of alarm systems
monitors the pressure of various gases at different areas of distribution
• When abnormal pressure is sensed system sets off alarm….normal green light goes off & red warning signal glows with audible alarm until pressure returns to normal
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remote signal lamp visual & audible• The lamp lights up & alarm goes off
when either the banks of cylinders in manifold room becomes empty
• No immediate action is required b’coz when 1 bank is empty then other bank takes over
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Requirements…
The Department of Building and Safety is to issue building permits, plan check, inspect and approve the construction and installation of Medical Gas Systems (including all piping and equipment).
The Fire Department must verify that
construction and installation requirements have been met and sign off new or modified existing systems prior to operation
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Areas where medical gases are stored shall be dedicated to such use without other storage or uses.
.All piping, fittings, valves and equipment shall be designed for the use and installed as required by the Plumbing Code.
Equipment and piping shall be protected from physical damage
Signs/LabelsDoors to supply rooms and cabinets
shall have a sign indicating “No Smoking-Oxygen/Nitrous Oxide”.
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Compressed gas cylinders shall be identified by nationally recognized standards.
Each valve, manifold and all piping shall be labelled identifying the contents with the following colours: a) Oxygen: Green background with white
letters. b) Nitrous Oxide: Blue background with
white letters. Shutoff valve labels shall indicate “(Type
Gas) Shutoff Valve for (Location or Zone)”, or “(Type Gas) Main Shutoff Valve”.
All piping shall have labels indicating contents with lettering at least
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All piping shall have labels indicating contents with lettering at least 3/8” high and a direction of flow arrow.
Piping labels shall be at the following locations: a) Each valve. b) Both sides of each floor, wall or ceiling
penetration. c) Each change of direction. d) Every 20 feet or fraction thereof.
All cylinders shall be secured to prevent falling and those not in use shall have the protective cap in place.
A record of as-built plans and valve identification shall remain on the site at all
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Safe handling of gases…Ensure only experienced & well instructed
person handle compressed gasesObserve all regulations & statutory
requirements concerning storage of cylinders
Do not remove/ deface labels provided by supplier
Ascertain the identity of gas before using itKnow the properties & hazards associated
with each gas
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Contd…
Establish & be familiar with plans to cover any emergency situation that may arise
Never lift a cylinder with cap/ guard ; use cylinder trolley for transportation
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Advantages…
FOR THE PATIENTSNo distressing sight of oxygen
cylinders at bedsideElimination of irritating noise of
movement of oxygen cylinders protection of sterile areas from
contamination caused by cylindersUninterrupted & clean supply at
desired locations
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FOR HOSPITAL STAFFInstant availability of gas on tapsClean, safe & reliable delivery of
gasesContinuous flow of gases when &
where requiredMinimal accidental hazards due to
mishandling of cylinders
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FOR THE HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR
Easy purchase of gases in bulk quantities at favorable terms
Economy on purchase of cylindersFewer breakagesRationalization in ordering, storing &
transporting wide variety & size of gas cylinders
Minimum damage to building due to handling of cylinders
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