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Central Africa. Ancient Kingdom of Kongo. Kingdom of Kongo. 16 th Century Crucifix, Kongo. 17 th Century, Crucifix, Kongo. 18 th Century Crucifix, Kongo. Saint Anthony, 18 th Century. 19 th Century Religious Art. 1526 Letter. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Central Africa
Ancient Kingdom of Kongo
Kingdom of Kongo
16th Century Crucifix, Kongo
17th Century, Crucifix, Kongo
18th Century Crucifix, Kongo
Saint Anthony, 18th Century
19th Century Religious Art
1526 Letter“Sir, Your Highness should know how our kingdom is being lost in so many ways that it is convenient to provide for the necessary remedy, since this is caused by the excessive freedom given by your factors and officials to the men and merchants who are
1526 Letterallowed to come to this kingdom to set up shops with goods and many things which have been prohibited by us…And we cannot reckon how great the damage is, since the mentioned merchants are taking every day our natives, sons of the land and the sons of our noblemen and vassals and our relatives,
1526 Letterbecause the thieves and men of bad conscience grab them…and cause them to be sold, and so great, Sir, is the corruption and licentiousness that our country is being completely depopulated, and Your Highness should not agree with this nor accept it as in your service. And to avoid it, we need from those [your] kingdoms, no more than some priests
1526 Letterand a few people to teach in schools, and no other goods except wine and flour for the holy sacrament. That is why we beg Your Highness to help and assist us in this matter, commanding your factors that they should not send here either merchants or wares because it is our will that in these kingdoms there should not be any trade of slaves nor outlet for them.”
Triangular Trade
Triangular Trade
Asante Golden Stool
Asante 18th -19th Pectoral Badge
19th Century Asante Gold
Fon Chair, Abomey, Dahomey
Early 20th Century Fon Art
19th Maternity Figure, Yoruba
Bronze Statute of Ooni of Ife
17th Century Oba’s Horn Blower
19th Century Yoruba Bowl
19th Kongo Female Figure & Child
19th Kongo Female Figure & Child
Impact of Slave Trade on Africa• Rise and Influence of Middlemen
• Economic Benefit
• Disease
• Rise of New Towns and States
Whydah
Old Architecture, Ouidah
Asante Golden Stool
Asante 18th -19th Pectoral Badge
19th Century Asante Gold
Fon Chair, Abomey, Dahomey
Early 20th Century Fon Art
19th Maternity Figure, Yoruba
Bronze Statute of Ooni of Ife
17th Century Oba’s Horn Blower
19th Century Yoruba Bowl
19th Kongo Female Figure & Child
19th Kongo Female Figure & Child
Whydah
Old Architecture, Ouidah
Religious Art, Ouidah
Door of No Return, Ouidah
Weaving Looms, Ouidah
Map of Bonny Island, Nigeria
Kalabari Masquerade
Kalabari Screen
19th Woven Kalabari Plate
19th Brass Tray, Kalabari
Brass and Nembe, Nigeria
Colonial Bank, Port Harcourt
Cape Coast Castle
Cape Coast, Gold Coast
Cape Coast, Ghana
Enslaved African’s Words"We had nothing to eat but yams, which were thrown amongst us at random--and of those we had scarcely enough to support life. More than a third of us died on the passage, and when we arrived at Charleston, I was not able to stand."
Pawpaw/Papaya
Cut Pawpaw/Papaya
Okro/Okra
Yam in Open West African Market
Yams
Tania
Cassava
Cassava
Sokoto Caliphate
Horsemen, Sokoto Caliphate
Gwolu, Ghana
Paramount Chief Koro Liman IV“I am standing in front of the inner wall of the Gwolu protective wall, which protected the great Gwolu from slave raiders and encroachments into Gwolu city in ancient times. We have two walls and this is the inner wall.
Paramount Chief Koro Liman IV
In ancient times when slavery was rampant, our great great ancestor King Tanja Musa built the wall to ward away slave raiders and slave traders from coming into Gwolu to enslave our people.
Paramount Chief Koro Liman IV
The reason we have the inner and outer wall is that between the two walls we had ponds and farms, so that the inhabitants would be protected from being kidnapped by slave raiders.
Paramount Chief Koro Liman IV
First, there was only the inner wall. Then they realized that people who went to farm, find firewood and fetch water were kidnapped by slave raiders.
Paramount Chief Koro Liman IV
The king found it necessary to construct a second wall and that is why it is a two-walled city. And I know that in the whole of Ghana there are only two such walls.”
Ganive Stilt Houses
Ganvie Stilt Houses
Ganvie Stilt Houses
Lakeside Home on Stilts, Ganvie
Lake Chad
Drying Fish, Lake Chad
Man Fixing Net, Lake Chad
Nzinga Mbemba, Dom Afonso
The Oba of Benin
King Tezifon of Allada, Dahomey “You will make a house in which you will put at first two little pieces of cannon, the next year you will mount four, and in a little time your factory will metamorphose into a fort that will make you master of my dominions and enable you to give laws to me.”
Cugoano Thoughts & Sentiments
Ottobah Cugoano“Kings are the ministers of
God, to do justice, and not to bear the sword in vain, but revenge wrath upon them that do evil. But if they do not in such a case as this, the cruel oppressions of thousands, the blood of the murdered Africans who are slain by the sword of cruel avarice, must rest upon their own guilty heads…”
Oladauh Equiano
The Interesting Narrative
Oladuah Equiano“As I was the youngest of the sons, I became, of course, the greatest favorite with my mother, and was always with her; and she used to take particular pains to form my mind. I was trained up from my earliest years in the art of war; my daily exercise was shooting and throwing javelins; and my mother adorned me with emblems, after the manner of our greatest warriors. In this way I grew up till I was turned the age of eleven, when an end was put to my happiness…”
Frederick Douglas
“The whisper that my master was my father, may or may not be true; and, true or false, it is of but little consequence to my purpose whilst the fact remains, in all its glaring odiousness, that slaveholders have ordained, and by law established, that the children of slave women shall in all cases follow the condition of their mothers…”
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Nat Turner
Harriet Tubman