CENSUS MAPPING WITH GIS IN CENSUS MAPPING WITH GIS IN NAMIBIANAMIBIA

BY BY

Mrs. Ottilie MwaziMrs. Ottilie Mwazi

Central Bureau of StatisticsCentral Bureau of Statistics

E-mail: E-mail: omwazi@npc.gov.na

Tel: + 264 61 283 4060Tel: + 264 61 283 4060

October 2007October 2007

Content of PresentationContent of Presentation

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF CENSUS HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF CENSUS TAKING IN NAMIBIATAKING IN NAMIBIA

GIS ESTABLISHMENT AND SOFTWAREGIS ESTABLISHMENT AND SOFTWARE FIELDWORK AND GEOCODING SYSTEMFIELDWORK AND GEOCODING SYSTEM ENCOUNTERED PROBLEMSENCOUNTERED PROBLEMS CONTENT OF GIS DATABASECONTENT OF GIS DATABASE PLAN FOR 2011 CENSUS MAPPINGPLAN FOR 2011 CENSUS MAPPING DIFFERENT TYPES OF EA MAPSDIFFERENT TYPES OF EA MAPS

Administrative Administrative setupsetup Namibia has a land area of about 824 000 Namibia has a land area of about 824 000

square kilometers with a population of 1.8 square kilometers with a population of 1.8 millionmillion

The country is divided into 13 regionsThe country is divided into 13 regions Regions are divided into 107 constituencies Regions are divided into 107 constituencies

within the regionswithin the regions

The biggest region has 11 constituenciesThe biggest region has 11 constituencies

Constituencies are demarcated based on Constituencies are demarcated based on population sizepopulation size

Census undertakenCensus undertaken Before independence – census did not Before independence – census did not

cover allcover all areasareas

1991 first - post independence census – 1991 first - post independence census – first census covered the whole country first census covered the whole country using traditional mapping methodusing traditional mapping method

2001 second post-independence census – 2001 second post-independence census – GIS was created and used digital maps for GIS was created and used digital maps for census enumeration and covered the census enumeration and covered the whole countrywhole country

Next Census is planned for 2011Next Census is planned for 2011

GIS establishment at CBSGIS establishment at CBS In order to handle spatial data effectively, CBS moved In order to handle spatial data effectively, CBS moved away from analog to digital mapping by creating a GIS away from analog to digital mapping by creating a GIS during 2001 censusduring 2001 census

The main aim was to facilitate the production of base The main aim was to facilitate the production of base maps needed for fieldworkmaps needed for fieldwork

GIS infrastructure was acquired and setup with GIS infrastructure was acquired and setup with assistance of the consulting firm at Government costassistance of the consulting firm at Government cost

Spanish government donated a photocopier/scanner for Spanish government donated a photocopier/scanner for large maps and 4 x 4 vehicles for census mappinglarge maps and 4 x 4 vehicles for census mapping

Missing spatial data was collected during census Missing spatial data was collected during census mappingmapping

Establishment of GIS Establishment of GIS continue…continue…

Data warehouse was created from various Data warehouse was created from various sources using existing spatial datasources using existing spatial data

Spatial data needed for census undertaking Spatial data needed for census undertaking was extracted and GIS database was createdwas extracted and GIS database was created

The GIS technology was used to capture and The GIS technology was used to capture and digitize spatial data collected from the fielddigitize spatial data collected from the field

Data for institutional services was captured Data for institutional services was captured and Namplan dataset was createdand Namplan dataset was created

SoftwareSoftware

Main GIS software are GEO-MEDIA 6.0 and Main GIS software are GEO-MEDIA 6.0 and ArcGIS 9.2ArcGIS 9.2

ER Mapper, IDRIS ANDES and GeoPDF and ER Mapper, IDRIS ANDES and GeoPDF and MapGuide are also acquired for handling MapGuide are also acquired for handling specific GIS activitiesspecific GIS activities

Other mapping software i.e, ARCVIEW 3.1 Other mapping software i.e, ARCVIEW 3.1 and MAPINFO were introduced to help with and MAPINFO were introduced to help with the processing of field returns and the processing of field returns and production of thematic maps.production of thematic maps.

OziExplore and ArcView 3.1 were very OziExplore and ArcView 3.1 were very handy in downloading collected field datahandy in downloading collected field data

Mapping fieldworkMapping fieldwork The country was demarcated into unique The country was demarcated into unique

geographical areas known as geographical areas known as enumeration areas and were captured enumeration areas and were captured into the databaseinto the database

GPS (handheld and differential) were GPS (handheld and differential) were used during fieldworkused during fieldwork

The GIS has made it possible to retrieve, The GIS has made it possible to retrieve, update, link (census/survey data to the update, link (census/survey data to the geography), query the database, print geography), query the database, print maps based on any theme, etc.maps based on any theme, etc.

Geocoding systemGeocoding system All enumeration areas were given All enumeration areas were given

unique code numbers composed of nine unique code numbers composed of nine digitsdigits

numbers help to identify each EA by the numbers help to identify each EA by the

level of administrative arealevel of administrative area

Rural EAs are identified with code ‘99’, Rural EAs are identified with code ‘99’, while the urban EAs are coded ’01’while the urban EAs are coded ’01’

A constituency with two urban centers A constituency with two urban centers will have ‘01’ for the first urban center will have ‘01’ for the first urban center and ‘02’ for the second urban centerand ‘02’ for the second urban center

Geocoding continue…Geocoding continue… 11stst and 2 and 2ndnd digits represent the region digits represent the region

33rdrd and 4 and 4thth digits represent the constituency digits represent the constituency

55thth and 6 and 6thth digits represent the rural/urban digits represent the rural/urban statusstatus

77thth, 8, 8th th and 9and 9thth digits represent the EA number digits represent the EA number within the constituencywithin the constituency

Example of EA numbers: Example of EA numbers: 121001020121001020 and and

130499024130499024

Problems during mapping and gis establishment

Gis not part of CBS structure Lack of trained personnel Lack of training from the consultancy Lack of spatial data Lack of mapping publicity Boundary problems (Townlands)

Problems during mapping and gis establishment (cont…)

Lack of transport (fuel) Accessibility of some areas (flood)

Summary of databases and Summary of databases and data layers in the GISdata layers in the GIS

BoundariesBoundariesConstituency boundariesConstituency boundariesRegional boundariesRegional boundariesNational boundaryNational boundaryNational park boundaryNational park boundaryConservancy boundariesConservancy boundariesFarm boundariesFarm boundariesCommunal land Communal land

boundariesboundariesTownlandsTownlandsLocality boundariesLocality boundaries

NamplanNamplanAccommodationAccommodationBasic educationBasic educationHealth facilitiesHealth facilitiesLocalitiesLocalitiesService stations Service stations Towns and villagesTowns and villagesMinistries Ministries Police stationsPolice stationsHigher education……...etc.Higher education……...etc.

Map indexesMap indexes

Topographic maps 1: 50000Topographic maps 1: 50000

Topographic maps 1: Topographic maps 1: 250000250000

Aerial photographsAerial photographs

Land satellite imagesLand satellite images

Master sample frameMaster sample frame

Master sample frame ‘02Master sample frame ‘02

Master sample updates Master sample updates ‘05/06‘05/06

Boundary descriptionsBoundary descriptions

Thematic dataThematic data

Agro-ecological zonesAgro-ecological zones

RainfallRainfall

Soil typesSoil types

Vegetation typesVegetation types

Town dataTown data

Town landsTown lands

CadastralCadastral

StreetsStreets

Street namesStreet names

TownshipsTownships

Namibia censusNamibia censusNamibia 1991 EAsNamibia 1991 EAsNamibia 2001 EAsNamibia 2001 EAsNamibia 2001 SAsNamibia 2001 SAs

HydrologyHydrologyLakes and pansLakes and pansRiversRivers

Other infrastructureOther infrastructureRoadsRoadsRailway linesRailway linesPower linesPower linesWater SupplyWater Supply

Thematic mapsThematic maps Maps based on any theme can be Maps based on any theme can be produced using the available software produced using the available software by linking the results to the geography by linking the results to the geography or area of study.or area of study.

These can be printed out as hard These can be printed out as hard copies or they can be viewed on the copies or they can be viewed on the computer or handed out in digital computer or handed out in digital format.format.

However there are limitations with However there are limitations with such outputs as they cannot be such outputs as they cannot be manipulated further.manipulated further.

Therefore advanced Therefore advanced dissemination tools such as dissemination tools such as GIS-Web based system, etc. GIS-Web based system, etc.

can be introduced.can be introduced.

It is a GIS that is It is a GIS that is accessible to users accessible to users

through the through the Intranet/InternetIntranet/Internet

New GIS DevelopmentsNew GIS Developments

B-Tech in Geoinformatics with B-Tech in Geoinformatics with Polytechnic of NamibiaPolytechnic of Namibia

CBS is busy setting up a Web-based GIS CBS is busy setting up a Web-based GIS using open source software- Postgressusing open source software- Postgress

This will enable GIS users to create their This will enable GIS users to create their own maps through the internet own maps through the internet

User can request data updates through User can request data updates through web applicationweb application

Updates can be done through the webUpdates can be done through the web

New GIS Developments New GIS Developments (Cont…)(Cont…)

CBS will maintain data, system CBS will maintain data, system hardware, software and other hardware, software and other applicationsapplications

A forum will be created on the web A forum will be created on the web for sharing of ideas and relevant datafor sharing of ideas and relevant data

Will use Oracle as a central DBWill use Oracle as a central DB

Plans for 2011 census Plans for 2011 census mappingmapping

Planning is in full swing (including how to improve Planning is in full swing (including how to improve census mapping publicity)census mapping publicity)

Fieldwork is planned for 2008Fieldwork is planned for 2008

Pilot will be conducted to test mapping instruments Pilot will be conducted to test mapping instruments early 2008early 2008

Planning to use satellite images and aerial photos, Planning to use satellite images and aerial photos, etc.etc.

Planning to capture dwelling units and demarcate Planning to capture dwelling units and demarcate EAs as such - easy to control and will improve EAs as such - easy to control and will improve dissemination at lower geographical areasdissemination at lower geographical areas

Field demarcation

Aerial photography

NamPlan data collection

Scanning, Digitising

Base line data collection

Map production

Census enumeration

Census results

Applications

Central Bureau of StatisticsSub-Division of Survey and Cartography

Baseline data such as administrative boundaries, infrastructure and scanned topographical maps is collected from various organisations, and integrated into a GIS warehouse.

Base maps are produced for each field team. The field teams also capture GPS wave points for locality boundaries. After the fieldwork, the information collected is integrated into the GIS warehouse.

Integrated with the field demarcation is the collection of institutions and localities. The data is stored in the NamPlan database.

Digital aerial photographs were produced for areas without sufficient base line data, and used as backdrop to the Enumeration Area maps.

Accommodation

Commercial

Infrastructure

Emergency Response

Education

Government

Health

Industry

Other

Public Service

Religion

Settlements

During the actual Census, an interviewer is assigned to each EA and every household within the demarcated area is visited.

Types of EA mapsTypes of EA maps

Different types of maps are printed Different types of maps are printed depending on the settings in depending on the settings in different parts of Namibia. These different parts of Namibia. These are: Urban Formal; Urban Informal; are: Urban Formal; Urban Informal; Rural Formal and; Rural Informal.Rural Formal and; Rural Informal.

The Enumeration maps are The Enumeration maps are produced in full colour in the GIS produced in full colour in the GIS office.office. In 2001 census an excess of In 2001 census an excess of 6 000 A3 size maps were printed6 000 A3 size maps were printed. . Another 216 constituency map were Another 216 constituency map were also printed.also printed.

Eg.: Rural Informal EAEg.: Rural Informal EA

Eg.: Rural Formal EAEg.: Rural Formal EA

Eg.: Urban Formal EAEg.: Urban Formal EA

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