Cellular Communication(Jaga(Edited)).ppt

8/9/2019 Cellular Communication(Jaga(Edited)).ppt

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Cellular Communication

Submittedby

JagannathMandala

Guided ByBijaya Kumar

Panda

DEPT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

NAME : JAGANNATH MANDAL REGD NO: 1221220064 L!DE


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!ntro"uction

Cellular #$tem Generation$%re&uenc# Reu$e Conce'tNet(or) Cell$ *it+ %i,ureT#'e$ O- Cell$Ot+er cellular conce't$

Multi'le acce$$ $c+eme$Cellular $er.ice$Cellular net(or) com'onent$ *it+ %i,ureCom'onent$ o- a cellular '+one

ettin, u' a call 'roce$$/ ma)in, a call 'roce$$ recei.in, a Call roce$$GM C+aracteri$tic$ *it+ 3rie- !"ea Aout !M/!ME! !M!Conclu$ion

ContentContent

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!ntro"uction

One o- t+e man# rea$on$ -or"e.elo'in, a cellular moile tele'+one$#$tem an" "e'lo#in, it in man# citie$ i$ t+e

o'erational limitation o- t+e con.entionalmoile tele'+one$ $#$tem$ /limite" $er.iceca'ailit#/ 'oor $er.ice 'er-ormance an"ine5cient $'ectrum utili$ation Dierent

countrie$ +a.e a"o'te" "ierent cellularcommunication $#$tem$




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Cellular #$tem$ Generation$ 1G (first generation) voice-oriented systems based on analog technology; ex.:

Advanced Mobile hone !ystems (AM!) and cordless systems

"G (second generation) - voice-oriented systems based on digital technology; more

efficient and #sed less s$ectr#m than 1G; ex.: Global !ystem for Mobile (G!M) and %!

&ime 'ivision M#lti$le Access (%!-&'MA)

G (third generation) high-s$eed voice-oriented systems integrated ith data services;

ex.: General ac*et +adio !ervice (G+!), ode 'ivision M#lti$le Access ('MA)

G (fo#rth generation) still ex$erimental, not de$loyed yet; based on /nternet $rotocol

netor*s and ill $rovide voice, data and m#ltimedia service to s#bscribers




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%re&uenc# Reu$e Conce't

!$ a met+o" u$e" # $er.ice 'ro.i"er$ toim'ro.e t+e e5cienc# o- a cellular net(or) an"to $er.e million$ o- $u$crier$ u$in, a limite"

ra"io $'ectrum A tran$mitter tran$mittin, in a $'eci8c

-re&uenc# ran,e (ill +a.e onl# a limite"co.era,e area e#on" t+i$ co.era,e area/ t+at-re&uenc# can e reu$e" # anot+er tran$mitter




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Net(or) Cell$T+e entire net(or) co.era,e area i$ "i.i"e" into cell$ a$e" on t+e

'rinci'le o- -re&uenc# reu$e

A cell a$ic ,eo,ra'+ical unit o- a cellular net(or); i$ t+e area

aroun" an antenna (+ere a $'eci8c -re&uenc# ran,e i$ u$e"; i$

re're$ente" ,ra'+icall# a$ a +e


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Net(or) Cell$ %i,ure




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T#'e$ o- cell$

Macrocell their coverage is large (a$rox. 0 miles in

diameter); #sed in remote areas, high-$oer transmitters and

receivers are #sed

Microcell their coverage is small (half a mile in diameter)

and are #sed in #rban ones; lo-$oered transmitters and

receivers are #sed

icocell covers areas s#ch as b#ilding or a t#nnel




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Ot+er cellular conce't$

2andover 3 moving a call from one one (from the

transmitter-receiver from one one) to another one d#e to

s#bscriber4s mobility

+oaming 3 alloing the s#bscriber to send5receive calls

o#tside the service $rovider4s coverage area




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Multi'le acce$$ $c+eme$

Frequency DivisionMultile !ccess

B (+en t+e $u$crierenter$ anot+er cell auni&ue -re&uenc# i$a$$i,ne" to +im; u$e"in analo, $#$tem$

"ime DivisionMultile !ccess

B eac+ $u$crieri$ a$$i,ne" a time$lot to$en"recei.e a"ata ur$t; i$u$e" in "i,ital$#$tem$

Code DivisionMultile !ccess

B eac+ $u$crier i$a$$i,ne" a co"e(+ic+ i$ u$e" tomulti'l# t+e $i,nal$ent or recei.e" #t+e $u$crier




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Cellular $er.ice$

oice communication

+ort Me$$a,in, er.ice MF

Multime"ia Me$$a,in, er.ice MMF

Gloal o$itionin, #$tem GF *irele$$ A''lication rotocol *AF to acce$$

t+e !nternet




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Cellular Net(or) Com'onent$%i,ure




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Cellular net(or) com'onent$

3T 3a$e Tran$cei.er tationF main com'onent o-a cell an" it connect$ t+e $u$crier$ to t+e cellularnet(or); -or tran$mi$$ionrece'tion o- in-ormation itu$e$ $e.eral antenna$ $'rea" acro$$ t+e cell

3C 3a$ic tation ControllerF it i$ an inter-aceet(een 3T$ an" it i$ lin)e" to 3T$ # cale ormicro(a.e lin)$; it route$ call$ et(een 3T$; it i$al$o connecte" to t+e MC

MC Moile (itc+in, CenterF t+e coor"inator o-

a cellular net(or)/ it i$ connecte" to $e.eral 3C$/it route$ call$ et(een 3C$; lin)$ t+e cellularnet(or) (it+ ot+er net(or)$ li)e TN t+rou,+ 8ero'tic$/ micro(a.e or co''er cale




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Com'onent$ o- a cellular '+oneM Moile u$crier nitF

+adio transceiver lo $oer radio transmitter and receiver

Antenna, #s#ally located inside the $hone

ontrol circ#itry formats the data sent to and from the 6&!;

controls signal transmission and rece$tion

Man-machine interface consists from a *ey$ad and a dis$lay;

is managed by the control circ#itry

!#bscriber identity mod#le (!/M) integrated circ#it card that

stores the identity information of s#bscriber

6attery - the $oer #nit of the $hone





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ettin, u' a call 'roce$$

(+en 'o(ere" on/ t+e '+one "oe$ not +a.e a-re&uenc# time $lotco"e a$$i,ne" to it #et; $o it$can$ -or t+e control c+annel o- t+e 3T an" 'ic)$t+e $tron,e$t $i,nal

t+en it $en"$ a me$$a,e inclu"in, it$ i"enti8cationnumerF to t+e 3T to in"icate it$ 're$ence

t+e 3T $en"$ an ac)no(le",ement me$$a,e ac)to t+e cell '+one

t+e '+one t+en re,i$ter$ (it+ t+e 3T an" in-orm$t+e 3T o- it$ e


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Ma)in, a call 'roce$$

t+e $u$crier "ial$ t+e recei.erI$ numer an"$en"$ it to t+e 3T

t+e 3T $en"$ to it$ 3C t+e !D/ location an"

numer o- t+e caller an" al$o t+e numer o- t+erecei.er

t+e 3C -or(ar"$ t+i$ in-ormation to it$ MC

t+e MC route$ t+e call to t+e recei.erI$ MC

(+ic+ i$ t+en $ent to t+e recei.erI$ 3C an" t+ento it$ 3T

t+e communication (it+ t+e recei.erI$ cell'+one i$ e$tali$+e"





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Recei.in, a call 'roce$$

(+en t+e recei.erI '+one i$ in an i"le $tate itli$ten$ -or t+e control c+annel o- it$ 3T

i- t+ere i$ an incomin, call t+e 3C an" 3T $en"$a me$$a,e to t+e cell$ in t+e area (+ere t+erecei.erI$ '+one i$ locate"

t+e '+one monitor$ it$ me$$a,e an" com'are$t+e numer -rom t+e me$$a,e (it+ it$ o(n

i- t+e numer$ matc+e$ t+e cell '+one $en"$ anac)no(le",ement to t+e 3T

a-ter aut+entication/ t+e communication i$e$tali$+e" et(een t+e caller an" t+e recei.er




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u$crier !"entit# Mo"ule !MF

!M a memor# car" inte,rate" circuitF +ol"in,i"entit# in-ormation/ '+one oo) etc

GM $#$tem $u''ort !M car"$ ot+er $#$tem$/ li)e CDMA "o not $u''ort !M

car"$/ ut +a.e $omet+in, $imilar calle" ReB$ale !"enti8cation Mo"ule R!MF





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!nternational Moile E&ui'ment!"entit# !ME!F

!ME! a uni&ue 19 "i,it numer i"enti-#in, eac+'+one/ i$ incor'orate" in t+e cellular '+one #t+e manu-acturer

!ME! e


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!nternational Moile u$crier !"entit#!M!F

!M! a 19B"i,it uni&ue numer 'ro.i"e" #

t+e $er.ice 'ro.i"er an" incor'orate" in t+e!M car" (+ic+ i"enti8e$ t+e $u$crier

!M! enale$ a $er.ice 'ro.i"er to lin) a'+one numer (it+ a $u$crier

8r$t 7 "i,it$ o- t+e !M! are t+e countr# co"e





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#$F$#$%C$S

1 Larr# Green$tein/ 100 Years of Radio,'eec+ at *!NLA3 Marconi Da#Commemoration/ Re" 3an)/ NJ/e'temer 70/ 1

2 3o 3u$/ Marconi, A Man of Vision/ CAmateur Ra"io Ma,a?ine/ e'temer1/ '' 16B277 Geor,e Cal+oun/ Digital Cellular

Radio, Artec+ Hou$e/ !nc/ 1@@/ '' 29B264 Hi,+BCa'acit# Moile Tele'+one#$tem Tec+nical Re'ort/ re'are" # 3ell

Laoratorie$/ Decemer 1>1/ inclu"e"





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ConclusionConclusion

T+e 'rolem o- t+e 're.iou$ tec+nolo,# o-cellular moile communication $#$tem (a$ t+elimite" an"(i"t+ 3ecau$e an"(i"t+ allo($in-ormation to mo.e eortle$$l# an"tran$'arentl# to (+ere it i$ nee"e" T+e ,reatert+e an"(i"t+/ t+e ric+er t+e in-ormation (e canmo.e*irele$$ tec+nolo,# +a$ come alon, (a# An" it(ill ,o -urt+er *it+ increa$e" com'etition$/

lo(er rate$/ $maller '+one$ an" lar,er co.era,earea$/ (irele$$ $er.ice (ill c+allen,e tra"itional'+one $er.ice -or our u$ine$$





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Cellular Communication(Jaga(Edited)).ppt