Cells and cell growth

Cell walls and membranes

Fertilization, embryogenesisvegetative development

The plant body:

organization in organs and tissues

Fertilization, Embryogenesis & Vegetative Development

Seed plants have similar growth and development patterns

patterns are modulated by environment

Basic plant development stages - embryogenesis, and vegetative and reproductive growth/development

Hartmann et al. Plant Propagation 2002

Pollination and fertilization

Graham et al. 2006, Plant Biology

Embryogenesis – zygote to seed

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al

Stages of embryogenesis

Auxin – a primary regulator embryogenesis

Auxin movement and accumulation establishes polarity that regulates embryonic patterning

Apical-basal axis patterning during embryogenesis – genes involved in longitudinal development

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al

Radial patterning during embryogenesis

scr

Radial patterning genetic determinantsSCARECROW (SCR) and SHORTROOT (SHR) regulate endodermal and cortical developmentWOODEN LEG (WOL) regulates protophloem development

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al

Seed development/dormancy and germination – interplay of ABA and GA

Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et alSmith et al. (2010) Plant Biology

Shoot apical meristem (SAM) - progenitor of the repeated unit of the shoot

Repeated unit is leaf, lateral meristem and internode

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al

Polar auxin transport and shoot elongation

Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al.

Lateral bud suppression reduces branching in tomato and maizeGenetic determinants and hormones regulate axillary bud development

Smith et al. (2008) Plant Biology

lateral suppressorteosinte branched 1

Leaf meristem has three developmental axesApical-basal, lateral, and upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial)

Plant Biology (2010) Smith et al

Vertical and horizontal leaf growth

Smith et al. (2010) Plant Biology

Auxin and root apical meristem cell identity and root development Genetic determinants

Root apical meristem and zonation

Smith et al. Plant Biology (2010)

Lateral root branching – differentiation from the pericycle