CELLSCELLS

Robert HookeRobert Hooke

Robert Hooke- Robert Hooke- 11stst person to person to view a cell view a cell under a under a microscope, microscope, given credit for given credit for naming cells.naming cells.

CELL THEORYCELL THEORYCell Theory- made up of three partsCell Theory- made up of three parts

1. Cells are basic building 1. Cells are basic building block of all living thingsblock of all living things

2. All life activities take place 2. All life activities take place in cellsin cells

3. New cells are produced by 3. New cells are produced by

existing cellsexisting cells

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

OrganelleOrganelle- tiny - tiny structures that structures that carry out cell carry out cell activitiesactivities

Cell MembraneCell MembraneCell Membrane- surrounds the Cell Membrane- surrounds the cell and controls what goes in cell and controls what goes in and out of the celland out of the cell

Semi-permeable

acts much like a filter or screen - some things pass,others cannot

Nuclear MembraneNuclear MembraneNuclear Membrane- Surrounds Nuclear Membrane- Surrounds the nucleus and controls materials the nucleus and controls materials moving in and out of the nucleusmoving in and out of the nucleus

NucleusNucleusNucleus- control Nucleus- control center of the center of the cell, directs all cell, directs all the cell’s the cell’s activitiesactivities

Contains Contains DNADNAUsually the easiest organelle to see Usually the easiest organelle to see

under a microscopeunder a microscopeUsually one per cellUsually one per cell

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Cytoplasm- Cytoplasm- Jelly-like Jelly-like substance that substance that fills the cell fills the cell and contains and contains the other parts the other parts of the cellof the cell

ChromosomesChromosomesChromosome- Chromosome- Holds the Holds the instructions for instructions for all traits of a all traits of a cellcell

DNADNADNA- chemical DNA- chemical found in the found in the chromosomes, chromosomes, that directs life that directs life activities, activities, “Blueprint of “Blueprint of Life”Life”

MitochondriaMitochondria

Mitochondria- Mitochondria- Stores and Stores and releases the releases the energyenergy

““Powerhouse of the cellPowerhouse of the cell””

ChloroplastChloroplastChloroplast- Chloroplast- Contains Contains chlorophyll chlorophyll that that absorbs energy absorbs energy from the sun to from the sun to help the plant help the plant make foodmake food

Cell WallCell Wall

Cell Wall- Stiff Cell Wall- Stiff outer layer that outer layer that protects and protects and gives a plant cell gives a plant cell its’ shapeits’ shape

Found in plant cellsFound in plant cells

VacuolesVacuolesVacuoles- Vacuoles- Storage Storage container for container for water, food, water, food, wasteswastes

Larger vacuoles usually in plant cellsLarger vacuoles usually in plant cellsMany smaller vacuoles in animal cellsMany smaller vacuoles in animal cells

Quick ReviewQuick ReviewWhich organelle is the control center of the Which organelle is the control center of the cell? cell?

Which organelle holds the cell together?Which organelle holds the cell together?

Which organelles are not found in animal cells?Which organelles are not found in animal cells?

Which organelle helps plant cells make food?Which organelle helps plant cells make food?

Enjoy these photos and diagrams of the cell organelles!

…the Cell Wall

Mitochondria!

The nucleus with other structures…