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CSIRO DIGITAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SERVICES FLAGSHIP
Exploiting the UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference
Framework (SIRF) in Australia:
Innovations and Policy Implications
Canberra, 20 - 22 November 2012
Paul Box, Rob Atkinson, David Lemon & Laura Kostanski
CSIRO
Overview
• Why? – project drivers
• What? – the solution
• Where? – Indonesia and Australia
• How? – Innovations
• Where next? - Policy implications
UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box 2 |
The problem
• Large scale complex interwoven challenges
• ‘Big data’ - the information tsunami
• ‘Glocalisation’
• Rapid Information integration
• Highly spatially & temporally
variable phenomena
Over the next
decade, the number
of "files,“ or containers
for Information will grow by (source: EMC)
75x
(Source: EMC)
3 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
• Multi-sectoral information
• Reliable
• Uptodate
• Timely
• Integrated
• Useable
Social Protection in Indonesia
1United Nations Research Institute For Social Development
Social Protectionpreventing, managing, and overcoming situations that
adversely affect people’s well being[1]
- policies & programs to reduce poverty / vulnerability
- reducing exposure, enhancing capacity to manage risks
4 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Integration realities - Information Silos
System
1
System
2
System
3
System
5System
4
System
n
System
7
$$
$$$
$ $
Discover Access Understand Extract, Transform, Load
Use
Time and effort
Everything
Happens Somewhere
5 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Spatial identifiers describe ‘the Somewhere’
Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)
• Fundamental component of spatial datasets
• Used to reference data
Geospatial information
BPS-ID Name GER ‘08 Tpop’10
003 Nusa Tenggara Barat 111.08 1,318,840
005 Nusa Tenggara Timur 112.09 335,805
Statistical information
(Implicitly geospatial)Spatial
identifiers
Bureau of Stats - 003
West Nusa Tenggara
6 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
One real world feature - multiple representations
Multiple - names, identifiers, geometries, versions
Geospatial information
UNSTATS Name GRP’08 $
IND03 NTB 8,080
IND05 NTT 4,769
BPS-ID Name GER ‘08 Tpop’10
003 Nusa Tenggara Barat 111.08 1,318,840
005 Nusa Tenggara Timur 112.09 335,805
Statistical information
(Implicitly geospatial)Spatial
Identifier
Reference
FrameworkGazetteer ID - 002234
Bureau of Stats - 003
Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)
7 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Gazetteer – a special case of Spatial Identifier
GAZETTEERID, placename(s), feature type, location
• Official list of names
• Related to mapping process (toponymic)
• Used for map lookup
• Names are ambiguous
• One name – many places
• One place - many names
• Australia, Australie, أستراليا
• Wollongong, ‘the gong’
• Sydney, City of Sydney
Melbourne – locality – Victorian Gazetteer –Official
Melbourne – municipal council boundaries – official
Foundation spatial
data themes
Spatial Identifiers – an index for SDI
• Addressing
• Administrative Boundaries
• Positioning
• Place Names
• Land parcel & Property
• Imagery
• Transport
• Water
• Elevation and Depth
• Land cover
SPATIAL IDENTIFIER SETS
Post codes, locality names
Admin area codes/names
Trig points
Gazetteer
Plots and Parcels
Image tile index
Roads and Bridges
AHGF (Geofabric) features
Sensor networks
Cell towers
9 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
• Overlap and duplication
• Heterogeneity – everyone does them differently
• Fragile, unreliable
• Limited access mechanisms
• Used out of context
• Disconnected from underlying geospatial data
• Limited metadata provenance/authority
Spatial identifiers
10 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
• Infrastructure to register, link, and deliver spatial identifiers
The solution
Discover Access Understand Extract, Transform, Load
Use
Time and effort
Discover Access,
Understand
Extract Transform Load Use
Spatial Identifier Reference Framework fundamental, systemic improvement in information
integration, enabling more effective and cost-efficient service
delivery
• Leverage national SDI efforts• Governance
• Information
• Technologies
Provide
stable SI Link
multiple
repsLink
information
resource
11 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
SIRF – spatial identifiers for the geo-semantic web
SIRF
Spatial
Information
Statistical
InformationUser
Linked Linked
Data Data
WebWeb
Regional Spatial Data
Infrastructure
National
Spatial Data
Infrastructure
6. Enable seamless integration of
statistical and spatial information
in Linked Data Web
Harvest /index
Agency B
Treasury
API
Agency C
Welfare
API
Agency A
Statistics
API
1. Harvest spatial identifiers from
geospatial data sets
2. Mint identifiers and build cross-
walks
3. Deliver as URI identifiers into
the Linked Data Web and back to
SDI (standard interfaces)
4. Users access ’Spatial
Bookmarks’ & can connect back
to underlying data
5. Downloaded & embedded in
system to reference statistical
information
Publish
http://id.data.gov.au/id/AusGaz2010/ NSW56500
12 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
UNSDI Gazetteer for Social Protection in Indonesia
In Indonesia • Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG)
• Ina SDI - ESRI geoportal
• Harvesting
• Publishing into InaSDI portal
• OpenStreetMap
In Australia• OSP, GA, CGNA, ANDS
• MyMaps Australia Gazetteer
Globally• UNSDI
• UNGEGN
Where are we SIRFing?
14 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Innovation – the right information….
• Common reference – unambiguously reference a place using URI
• Granularity - moving from dataset to feature level
– Better discover, explore, understand then download/use the bits you need
15 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
“Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/”
Innovation – delivered in the right way
• Linked data
• ‘spatial bookmarks’ for the web
• Interwoven feature level metadata with data - authority, licence,
• The role of spatial identifiers to link information
• SI as index to underlying data in SDI
• Linking multiple representations of the same real world feature
• Linking information to locations across systems
16 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Innovation – handling the social dimension
• Linking - not choosing a winner
• Registering and cross walking
• Evolution not revolution
• Providers – no need to change underlying
business process/systems
• Users – continue to use preferred SI sets
• Convergence
• Building a social network graph of information resources
• FOAF graph of info resources and their usage
• The power of the crowd
17 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Key enablers – Openness
• Open data• ‘freemium’ for spatial identifiers
PLUS
• Links to underlying data
• With various price & licence models
• Open standards
• Open source software
• Open Government Indonesia• Innovating
• Working with the crowd
• A legislative framework
18 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
Implications for spatial policy and practice• Openness
• Governance – to steer or row
• Policy (legal?) framework
• Community behaviour – tin hugging, information modelling & design for reuse
• Formal and informal (VGI data sources)
• Linked data - Spatial feature identifier governance
• Information custodianship and access
• From supply to demand driven information
• Stability and predictability - improved change management
• Engaging with the broader community
• Identity not geometry
‘Thinking outside the polygon’
19 | UNSDI Spatial Identifier Reference Framework | Paul Box
DIGITAL PRODUCTIVITY AND SERVICES FLAGSHIP
Thank you