CE Biology 2011 Paper2(E)

2011-CE 810

HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY

HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2011

BIOLOGY PAPER 2 (MULTIPLE-CHOICE)

11.00 am - 12.00 noon (1 hour)

Su叫ectCode 150

1. Read carefully the instructions on the Answer Sheet. After the announcement of the start of the examination, you should 胎st stick a barcode label and insert the information required in the spaces provided. No extra time will be given for sticking the barcode label after the 'Time is up' announcement.

2. When told to open this book, you should check that all the questions are there. Look for the words ‘END OF PAPER' after the last question.

3. AII questions c訂ry equal marks.

4. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. You are advised to use an HB pencil to mark all the answers on the Answer Sheet, so that wrong marks can be completely erased with a clean rubber. You must mark the answers clearly; otherwise you willlose marks ifthe answers cannot be captured.

5. You should mark only ONE answer for each question. If you mark more than one answer, you will receive NO MARKS for that question.

6. No marks will be deducted for wrong answers.

2011-CE-BIO 2- 1 79

Not to be taken away before the end of the examination session

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Tlrere are 36 quest;ons ;n Sect;on A and 24 questions ;n Sect;on B. Tlre d;agrams ;n IIr;s paper are NOT necessarily drawn 10 scale.

SECTION A

1. If some cyanide (a chemical that 岫ibits respiration) is applied to a pl酬， less water will be abso伽d by the plant because

A. the roots absorb less mineral salts. B. the xylem vessels are poisoned by the cyanide. C. the roots cannot absorb water by active 甘ansport.D. the transpiration PUll in the xylem vesse1s is stopped.

2. Wh ich ofthe following compa討sons between a prokaryotic ce l1 and a eukaryotic cel1 is/are correct?

(1) Both have ce l1 wall. (2) Both have nucleic acid as the genetic material. (3) A prokaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane but a eukaryotic cell does not.

A. (1) only B. (2) only C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

3. The diagram below shows a set-up in which a dialysis tubing containing 10% sucrose solution is placed in distilled water:

)( distilled water 長譚一Tipismbmg

Wh ich ofthe following graphs shows the change in water potential inside the dialysis tubing?

AEE 且 B 芯= E

EH』U個! 1\ I 這

Time Time

C. 有 D. 可否

--U 。EC 4 L a E-U 呵已E4 •• E2個‘E 3 -

Time Time

2011-CE-BI0 2-2 80


4. Which ofthe following are the fates ofphotosynthetic products in plants?

(1) used for synthesising glycogen for storage (2) used for synthesising cellulose, which is a component ofthe cel1 wall (3) used for synthesising lipid, which is a component ofthe cell membrane

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only c. (2) 個d (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

5. Which of the following comparisons between the processes in a mitochondrion and a chloroplast is correct?

ABCD Process ;n a mitochondrion It involves enz戶nes.

It is an anabolic process. 1t o叮叮s in animal cells only. It converts chemical energy in food to that in ATP.

Process in a chloroplast It does not involve en勾Imes.

It is a catabolic process. It occurs in plant cells only. It converts light energy to chemical energy.

6. Which element is oot norrnally obtained by the roots of a plant from the soil?

A. carbon B. nitrogen c. hydrogen D. phosphorus

7. Wh ich ofthe following are the practices ofa 'Low Carbon Lifestyle'?

(1) recycling used paper (2) using public transport (3) using an air-purifier at bome

A. (1) and (2) on1y B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2)and(3)

8. Alcohol obtained 企om the fermentation of maize com can be used as fue l. Wh ich of the foJlowing are the advantages of obtaining fuel by this method?

(1) The source ofthis fuel is renewable. (2) The production ofthe fuel does not require oxygen. (3) Growing maize com for fuel helps reduce global wanning.

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2)and(3)

2011-CE-BIO 2-3 81


9. Some plants are adapted to growing in flooded soil. Which of the following word equations represents the respiration oftheir root tissues?

A. glucose 今 lactic acid + A TP B. glucose 今 water + carbon dioxide + A TP C. glucose 今 ethanol + carbon dioxide + A TP D. glucose • water + ethanol + carbon dioxide + A TP

10. The following graph shows the net release of oxygen from a water plant from 5 Oc to 30 OC :

口乞〉M .丘。s:;〉、;::1

~~ o t: (\) .D

Sl司ω 、d

u L咽

。dU z

。 5 10 15 20 25 30 Temperature COC)

Which ofthe following about the photosynthesis ofthis plant can be deduced 企om the graph?

(1) The rate ofphotosynthesis is zero at 5 oC. (2) The rate of photosynthesis increases from 5 Oc to 30 oC. (3) The optirnal temperature ofthis plant for photosynthesis is 30 oC.


11. Which of the following is most helpful in preventing periodontal disease?

A. drinking water with fluoride added B. avoiding biting hard materials C. eating food rich in calcium D. using dental floss

12. The flow ofblood in the aorta is assisted by the

A. contraction ofthe muscle in the wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe semi-lunar valves. B. con甘action ofthe muscle in the wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe bicuspid valve. C. recoil ofthe elastic wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe semi-lunar valves. D. recoil ofthe elastic wall ofthe aorta and 也e clos恆g ofthe bicuspid valve.

2011-CE-BIO 2-4 82


Questions 13 and 14 refer to the following graph, which shows the pressure changes ofthe left atrium, left ven甘icle and aorta in a cardiac cycle:

Directions:

』司

、』『

•••.••..•.••••••••••••••••••

可•••••••• 、

。』耳閻明。』心

T油le

At which time does the blood leave the left ven仕icle?

PQRS ABCD

13.

At which time are both the semi-lunar valves and the bicuspid valve closed?

PQRS ABCD

14.

The pedigree below shows the inheritance of a condition caused by a recessive allele:

Normal female

Affected female

Key:O

口

• • Affect仙nale

Normal male

15.

9 8

Which ofthe follow凶g individuals must be heterozygous?

83

yy w叫

hd叫

nono oo nunu

nyzlny'I AUAUAUJu mmmm ζJ'、d

呵，.呵，.

ABCD

2011-CE-BIO 2-5


Albinism (a condition in which pigment fails to develop in skin) in humans is caused by a recessive allele. A normal man married an albino woman and th甜甜st child is an albino. What is the probability oftheir second child being an albino?

16.

0% 25% 50% 75%

ABCD

The graph below shows the changes in the amount ofthree substances (in terrns ofthe percentage ofthe original amount) in the human body upon starvation:

17.

‘ . -h h

h 、、

、、

、、

、、

、、

、

、

、、

Y\ 、

、、

、

、、

100

\Z

I \

(求)85抖的宮的UH--h

。苦口。但〈

。Tirne during starvation

Wh ich ofthe following shows the substances that X, Y and Z most probably 訂的

z glycogen proteín fat glycogen

y

protem glycogen protem fat

x fat fat glycogen protem

ABCD

X

Y

The following diagram shows part ofthe human digestive system:

Z

18.

Which structure(s) will produce 伽 enzyme(s) needed for伽 digestion of egg white?

Xonly X and Y only Y andZ only X, YandZ

ABCD

84 2011-CE-BIO 2-6


19. 甘le photomicrograph below shows the longitudinal section of a part of a stem:

X Y

Which ofthe following comparisons between s甘uctures X and Y is correct?

ABCD StructureX sugar cannot be found in it minerals can be found in it responsible for suppo此ca付給s out respíratlon

Structure Y sugar can be found in it minerals cannot be found in it responsible for tr訂lSportdoes not carry out respiration

20. The diagrarn below shows a diagrammatic representation ofthe root and 也e leaf of a plant:

點---祥(;)

.)1八叫消

楠、、Which of the labelled arrows in the diagram show(s) the direction of oxygen diffusion between the plant and the surrounding at midnight?

A. (2) only B. (3) only c. (l) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) onJy

21. Which of the following human celJs has the least amount of mitochondria?

A. ne叮'ones

B. livercells C. red bJood ceUs D. white bJood ceUs

2011-CE-BIO 2-'7 85


The photomicrographs below show two types of epithelium: 22.

。)、‘SJ

l ' .. 、

Wbich ofthe following combinations shows the structures where these epithelia are found?

(2) trachea blood capillary skin 官司chea

(1) blood capillary skin trachea skin

ABCD

The diagram below shows the dis甘ibution of a kind of photoreceptor along the horizontal section of the human retina:

23 .

SEggg。

tho』UBE=z

away from 小

centre away from

Wbich of the following combinations correctly states the identity and feature of the photoreceptor shown?

Feature It can only work in bright light. It is absent in the blind spot. It c個 function in dim light. It is responsible for colour vision.

86

ηpe ofph的receptor

cone cell cone cell rod cell rod cell

ABCD

2011-CE-BIO 2-8


24. Research has shown that 街ug abuse ca囚的 damage to the nervous system, leading to speech disorders and memory degeneration. Which parts of the nervous system shown below are likely to be damaged?

P

Q

R

A. P and Q only B. P and R only c. Q and R only D. P, QandR

25. The diagram below shows the cross section of a human spinal cord:

Z w

X

Y

Which ofthe following statements about the spinal cord is correct?

A. Motorne叮ones 訂e found in p紅tW.B. Intemeurones are found only in part X. C. Part X has more genetic materials than p訂tY.D. The direction ofimpulse 甘ansmission is 企om WtoZ.

26. The diagram below shows a cell which is important for body defence:

cell X

Which ofthe following combinations correctly shows the identity of cell X and its function?

ABCD CellX lymphocyte lymphocyte phagocyte phagocyte

Function for non-specific body defence for producing antibodies to act against bacteria for non-specific body defence for producing antibodies to act against bacteria

2011-CE-BIO 2-9 87


27. The diagram below shows a pair of opposing muscles, X and Y, in the hand. Theyare for moving the thumb towards or away 企om the oth釘釘ngers.

Engers

r • h

thumb

Which ofthe foJlowing can move the thumb towards the other fmgers?

A. muscJe X contracts B. muscJe X relaxes C. muscJe Y contracts D. muscJe Y relaxes

28. The chart below shows the concen甘ation of carbon dioxide in the blood s缸nples collected at four locations in the human circulatory system:

8頁。苟gRHH耐心

徊。口。酒呵-D自UU呵。υ

P Q R S Blood s位nple

Which blood sample is most probably collected from the pulmonary vein?

A. P B. Q C. R D. S

29. Which ofthe following features is most essential for mammals to live on land?

A. They have m臼nmarygl個ds.

B. They bave internal fertilisatioß. C. Their body is covered with hair. D. They have constant body temperature.

30. Which of the following exarnples is correctly matched to the type of interaction between the org街的ms?

ABCD ηpe 0/ ;nleTacl;on be.伽een the oTganisms mutualism competlt1on commensalism parasltlsm

Exanψle a tree and the mushrooms growing on its bark oysters and b訕訕acles living on a rock surface a crab and the sea anemones living on its body a whale and the barnacles Iiving on its body surface

201l-CE-BIO 2- 10 88


31. The rnaternal blood and the foetal blood 訂'e separated 扭曲e placenta. 甘lÎs feature

A. allows the exchange of rnaterials by diffusion. B. brings the foetal blood vessels close to the rnaternal blood vessels. c. avoids the foetal blood vessels 企orn being darnaged. D. prevents the rnother's antibodies frorn passing to the foetus.

32. Which of the following graphs shows the change in the thickness of the uterine lining of a pregnant worn組合orn the beginning ofthe last rnenstruation to the tirne before child birth?

A. '+-< ol) 。.皂白 .5Q) -圍

12 ~ () or

il~

B. ._ω 。 .5咱已'" .... Q) -團

c.

D.

12 ~ u Or :.a~ f-< =

、司扭。

。.皂白 .5

Eg 吉§

包圍司 ol)

o .5 a-S Q) ... 司

吾吾

il~

。 4

。 4

。 4

。 4

Week 8 12 32 36 40

(birth)

F

Week 8 12 32 36 40

(birth)

Week 8 12 32 36 40

(birth)

Week 8 12 32 36 40

(b廿位1)

33. The genetic make-up of the X chrornosorne of a boy is found to be different frorn that of his non-identical twin brother. This is rnost possibly due to

A. rneiosis during sperm formation. B. random fertiIisation ofthe garnetes. c. rnutation ofthe genes in the X chromosorne oftheir father. D. the developrnent ofthese twin brothers in sep訂ate arnniotic cavities.

2011-CE-BIO 2一11 89


34. The diagram below shows the male reproductive system:

Q

R S

Wh ich labelled structure(s) is/are involved in producing semen?

A. Q only B. Ronly C. P and Q only D. R and S only

35. The diagram below shows the delivery ofa baby assisted with forceps:

forceps

Which ofthe following is the most likely condition for this method to be needed in assisting delivery?

A. The cervix fails to dilate. B. The amnion fails to break. C. The placenta has detached. D. The uterine contraction is oot sufficiently s甘ong.

36. The diagram below shows organism X:

200μm ._____,

Wh ich ofthe following is not a characteristic ofthe kingdom to which organism X belongs?

A. the presence of hyphae B. reproduction by spores C. heterotrophic nu甘ition

D. the presence ofroots

END OF SECTION A

2011-CE-BIO 2-12 90


SECTIONB

Directions: Questions 37 and 38 refer to 也e diagram below, which shows a certain stage of cell division:

37. Based on the diagrarn, which of the following combinations correctly shows the type of cell division illus個ted and the reason for yo叮 choice?

ABCD η'Pe 01 cell division mitotic cell division mitotic cell division meiotic cell division meiotic cell division

Reason There are duplicated chromosomes. There is a 1扭扭g up ofthe chromosomes in the middle ofthe cell. There is a pairing ofthe homologous chromosomes. There is a sep訂ation of the homologous chromosomes.

38. Which ofthe following shows the daughter cell ofthis cell division?

A.

D.

B.

C.

39. Organisms X, Y and Z form a food chain. The following table shows the concentrations of DDT (a non-biodegradable insecticide) 尬。rganisms X, Y and Z:

With reference to the information in the table, which of the following combinations co汀ectly shows the ecological roles of organisms X, Y and Z in this food chain?

X Y Z A. producer pnm訂y consumer secondary consumer B. pnm訂y consumer secondaηconsumer producer C. secondary consumer producer pnm訂y consumer D. pnm的 consumer producer secondary consumer

40. Which ofthe following statements about hormonal coordination is coπect?

A. All hormones 訂e protein. B. A hormone only acts on one t訂get organ. C. A small 位nount ofhormone is needed for its action. D. An endocrine gland can produce only one kind ofhormone.

2011-CE-BIO 2一13 91


41. Which of the following statements about glucagon is/are correct?

(1) Glucagon is produced by the liver. (2) More glucagon w il1 be secreted when the blood glucose level is low. (3) Glucagon stimulates the oxidation of glucose in cells.


42. Which ofthe following processes in the human body is/are catabolic?

(1) the breaking down of excess amino acids in the liver (2) the production of lipase in the pancreas (3) ultrafil甘ation in the kidney


* 43. Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between the metabolic rate of a man at rest and environmental temperature?

A tu』z 。- B. 。G0』4P2 戶.-:::、

H咀自S ~白z

E 宮E 苟E 且這。'"

Environmental Environmental 37 temperature (oC) 37 temperaωre (oC)

C. 冒』雪 D. 坊ω』。--e呵dE z 吉普自口

Ej 品E 當E 'E 。。。呵Gd B 'E .。。咱G.J a

Environmental Environmental 37 temperature (oC) 37 temperature (oC)

(This item was deleted.)

44. Which ofthe following s仕uctures 訂e genetically identical?

A. seeds of the s訂ne fruit B. a petal and a sepal of the same flower C. eggs produced in a human ovary D. the umbilical cord and uterine wall in a pregnant woman

2011-CE-BIO 2-14 92


45. The foJlowing are some steps in genetic engineering:

(1) the replication of copies of the desired gene by a bacterium (2) the extraction ofthe desired gene 企om a ceJl (3) the placing ofthe vector into a bacterium (4) the insertion ofthe desired gene into a vector

Aπange the above steps in the correct sequence.

A. (2), (1), (4), (3) B. (2), (4), (3), (1) c. (4), (1), (3), (2) D. (4), (3), (1), (2)

46. Wh ich ofthe following conditions are necessary for the building up oftranspiration pull in plants?

(1) the presence ofhollow xylem vessels (2) the presence of leaves (3) a healthy root system

A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only c. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3)

47. When the relative humidity of air decreases, which ofthe foJlowing rates in plants will increase?

(1) the absorption ofwater (2) the transport of oxygen (3) the 甘ansport of sug訂

A. (1) only B. (2) only c. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

48. In a frre accident, d叮ing which period of time in the foJlowing graph would a large amount of hot smoke rush into the lungs?

Atmospheric pressure = 760 mmHg

760 T凶le

盲目55)

的ω白白-UH事EEEmu

尪...

<

A. P to R B. Q to S c. R to T D. S to U

2011-CE-BIO 2-15 93


The diagram below shows a nephron. The percentages of proteins and urea in fluids taken 企om

different p訂15 ofthe nephron are shown in the following table: 49.

Part from which Percentage of Percentage of the fluid is taken proteins in the fluid urea in the fluid

(1) 。 y

(2) 9 0.05

(3) x 0.05

(3)

(2)

、‘'，

•• a r

s-、

Wh ich of the following combinations correctly shows the values of x and y?

y 0.05 0.05 0.25 0.25

x9090 ABCD

Questions 50 to 52 refer to the following experimental set-up, used for studying the effect of magnesium deficiency on the growth ofthe young seedlings:

Directions:

young seedling

cotton wool

aluminium foil

solution X (containing all the essential minerals for plant growth, except magnesium)

conical flask

Y oung seedlings should be used for this experiment because

their roots can be put into the set-up easily. their roots grow very quickly. 出ey increase in height quickly. they have little stored minerals.

ABCD

50.

The control set-up should be the same as the A control set-up is needed for this experiment. experimental set-up except 出at 扭曲e con甘01 set-up,

51.

seedlings 訂e not used. solution X is replaced with distilled water. solution X is replaced with distilled water with magnesium added. solution X is replaced with a solution containing all the essential minerals for plant growth.

94

ABCD

2011-CE-BIO 2-16


52. The seedlings show a yellowing of the leaves after one week. This is because magnesium is essential for

A. stimulating cell division. B. the synthesis ofproteins. c. the synthesis of chlorophyll. D. the fonnation ofroot hair cells.

53. The diagrams below show the s甘uctures of a sperm and a pollen grain with a pollen tube:

P W X Q

R

S Z

Sperm Pollen grain with a pollen tube

Which ofthe following combinations correctly matches a pair ofstructures and their function?

ABCD Pair 01 structures P and W Q and Z R and X S and Y

Function for protection for carrying genetic materials for food storage for locomotion

Directions: Questions 54 and 55 refer to the following diagrams, showing a foetus in the uterus and a seed:

fluid X

(4)

(1)

(2)

(3)

Foetus in the uterus Seed

54. Whichs甘ucture of the seed has a simil訂 function to fluid X?

A. (1) B. (2) c. (3) D. (4)

55. Which structure(s) in the seed has/have a role similar to the growing foetus?

A. (2) only B. (2) and (4) on1y c. (1), (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)

2011-CE-BIO 2一17 95


Questions 56 個d 57 refer to the following photographs, which show the longitudinal sections of a flower and the fruit of a plant:

Directions:

( 1)

(2)

T

P

Q

Fruit (Iongitudinal section)

Which of the following combinations correctly shows the floral parts from which structures (1), (2) and (3) have developed?

Flower (Iongitudinal section)

56.

向PSSP

mwTTRR 向QQTT

ABCD

Which ofthe following are the functions ofthis 合uit?

(t protects the seeds. It helps disperse the seeds. It provides food for the germination ofthe seeds.

( 1) (2) (3)

57.

(1) and (2) on(y (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

ABCD

The diagram below shows the sedimentary layers at the bottom of a sea, where fossils of organisms are found:

sea

58.

Which of the foIIowing statemeots about the orgaoisms forming the fossils in these layers is correct?

甘le organisms found in Layer 1 only appeared later 00 Earth than those in Layer 3. The org個isms in Layer 2 are more similar in structure to those in Layer 1 than to tbose in Layer 3. The organisms in Layer 2 are evolved from org.組isms in Layer 3. 甘le organisms io Layer 3 are more complex in s甘ucture than those in Layer 1.

A. B.

C D.

96 2011-CE-BIO 2-18


59. The following shows the results of an experiment in which two coleoptiles were exposed to unilateral light from the left:

aluminium foil

direction of ... unilaterallight

direction of ... unilaterallight

after 2 days

coleoptile P coleoptile Q

What conclusion can be drawn 企om this experiment?

A. Auxins are produced in the tips. B. Auxins are required for photo甘opic response. C. The tip is essential for growth. D. The tip is sensitive to unilaterallight.

60. The following shows the set-ups of an experiment and the results after two days. Both set-ups were placed in darkness throughout the experiment.

。hmd

• 由吋

n

一r

paLh

~ ij Key:

亡] agar block without auxins

decapitated coleoptiles

回 agar block containing auxins of identical concentration

lj hpthdMMess l for 2 days 團圓圓

decapitated roots

Which ofthe following combinations correctiy describes the effect ofthis concentration of auxins on the growth of the coleoptile and the root?

ABCD Coleoptile growth promoted growth i吋1ibitedgrowth not promoted growth inhibited

Root growth promoted growth not promoted growth promoted growth promoted

ENDOFPAPER

Sources of materials used in this paper will be acknowledged in the Examination Report and Question Papers published by the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority at a later stage.

2011-CE-BIO 2-19 97


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CE Biology 2011 Paper2(E)