CDTI Presentation - September 2007 1 Preliminary Selection of Proposal for TRP 2008-2010

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 2 What is the TRP ? Basic Technology Research Programme (TRP) Part of ESA Mandatory Programmes Only ESA Technology Programme covering all disciplines & applications Based on three-year Workplans, with yearly updates About 40 M in commitments per Year Programme objectives are: To assess innovative technologies incorporating high development risks but also a high potential pay-off and to demonstrate their usefulness for space, To enable ESA space missions by demonstrating the feasibility of technologies required for these missions or applications, To demonstrate the feasibility of technologies of common interest to all ESA projects and programmes.

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 3 How is the TRP defined: E2E Process

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 4 E2E Process: Landscape of Programmes Timely availability of technology reduces project risks Technology is implemented in a set of corporate and domain specific programmes Coordination across ESA programmes and harmonization with non-ESA programmes essential

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 5 TECNET EO TECNET ST TECNET SCI TECNET TEL TECNET NAV TECNET GEN TECNET HSF/Ex Chair EO Chair TEL Chair HME Chair LAU Chair NAV Chair TEC Chair SCI Directors Subcommitte e TRP GSTP EOEP TRP GSTP CTP TRP GSTP (*) ARTES TRP GSTP ELIPS Aurora TRP GSTP FLPP Aurora TRP GSTP GNSS-E TRP GSTP STPs + HoD TEC and OPS EOEP ELIPS Aurora FLPP Aurora GNSS-ECTPARTESGSTPTRP E2E process: Coordinated definition Programme chair guarantees user pull. SD Generic guarantees push. As important as definition is implementation, techno-template, monitoring, evaluation The way is to establish coordinated work plans, corporate and domain specific

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 6 Summary: Programme Definition There is a large number of technology programmes in ESA, in general specific to an application and covering higher TRLs The TRP is the only ESA Technology Programme covering all disciplines & applications Technology Programmes are defined as one output of the End-to-End Process starting with the identification of requirements, leading to work plans within the programmes consistent within the overall ESA Long Term Plan, The Technology Network (TEC-NET) with representatives of technical disciplines and applications is at the heart of this process. The TRP is defined as part of an ESA wide E2E process

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 7 TRP 2008-2010 Pre-selected Activities SD 1: Earth Observation SD 2: Science SD3: Human Spaceflight & Exploration Preparation SD4: Space Transportation SD5: Telecommunication SD6: Navigation SD7: Generic Technologies and Techniques

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 8 Service Domain 1: Earth Observation

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 9 Earth Explorer missions selected for phase 0 study: BIOMASS: A BIOMASS Monitoring Mission for Carbon Assessment TRAQ: TRopospheric composition and Air Quality PREMIER: PRocess Exploration through Measurements of Infrared and millimetre-wave Emitted Radiation FLEX: FLuorescence Explorer A-SCOPE: Advanced Space Carbon and Climate Observation of Planet Earth CoRe-H2O: Cold Regions Hydrology High-resolution Observatory Post-EPS GMES Sentinel-4 and Sentinel-5 Earth Explorer candidate concepts not selected for Phase 0 but for which further technology preparation recommended: Accurate, Habitat, SpaceWaves, GOMAS SD1: Missions and Drivers

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 10 2013 SD1: Missions and Drivers - Timeline 201520162018 Post-EPS Earth Explorer MTG GMES S4 S5

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 11 TRP Support to Earth Explorers TRAQ FLEX A-SCOPE BIOMASS PREMIER CoRe-H 2 O Low dark current 2D TIR CMT detectors technology Back-thinned InGaAs array for visible-SWIR imaging High-performance low-straylight gratings High efficiency volume Bragg gratings (VBG) for spectrometry Pulsed Laser Source at 1.57 micro-meters Advanced Laser Instrument Thermal Design 2.05 micrometer pulsed Holmium-Laser Advanced Feed System Critical Technology Activities for an I/R Limb sounder Light Weight, Dual Frequency Antenna Configuration for Earth Observation SAR

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 12 TECNET has addressed TRP, GSTP /NewPro and EOEP The plan for TRP 2008 2010 has been established. It addresses candidate and commended Earth Explorer missions, Post-EPS, Sentinels 4 and 5. In total activities for 27.2 M are planned (overprogramming) The TRP Plan will have to be yearly tuned according to down - selection of Earth Explorer missions and refinement of Post-EPS definition Furthermore Inputs have been provided for the preparation of GSTP. They will be further elaborated. Inputs for EOEP 2008 2010 have been prepared and presented to DOSTAG SD1: Summary

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 13 Service Domain 2: Science

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 14 LPF, 2009 Herschel, Planck, 2008 Gaia, 2012 JWST, 2013 LISA BepiC, 2013 20082016 L1, 2018M1, 2017 Solar Orbiter, 2015 Call issued SD2: Space Science Call for mission proposals initiating the implementation of the new Comic Vision Plan 2015-2025 was released on 5 March 2007. By the deadline date of 29 June, 50 mission proposals were received by ESA. The proposals are currently being evaluated. The final selection of 3 Class M and 3 Class L mission proposals for Assessment studies will be made by the SSAC at its meeting in October 2007 and will be reported to the SPC at its November 2007 meeting.

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 15 A reserve has been allocated in the TRP 2008 2010 pending short-listing of candidates for next M and L class missions Studies planned in CDF Plans to be prepared in the beginning of 2008 for TRP/CTP/GSTP SD2: Summary

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 16 Service Domain 3: Human Space Flight & Exploration

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 17 SD3: Reference Missions Lunar Surface Greenhouse Lunar Pressurised Rover Lunar Surface Habitat Transfer Vehicle Habitat Lunar Orbital Hub Habitat Inflatable Demonstrator Habitation Simulation Autonomous Robotic Systems Nuclear Power Station Solar Power Station Power Management Systems EVA Systems ISRU Systems Crew Assistants System Maintenance Biology and Physiology research Downloading of samples from ISS with Soyuz Autonomic Medical Care for research and exploration Studying and handling high temperature materials for research and exploration support Studying and exploiting fluids in space for research and exploration support Studying and exploiting dispersed systems for research and exploration support Production, handling and diagnostics systems for quantum based systems for exploration, navigation, communication, gravimetry and fundamental physics Entry Vehicle Demonstrator (EVD) Mars Sample Return (MSR) Orbiter Exploration Mission Mars Lander Exploration Mission Lunar Lander Exploration Mission NEO Sample Return Lunar Sample Return Phobos/Deimos Sample Return Surface Network Mission In preparing for future exploration, both robotic and human, several categories of reference missions must be considered to properly cover the range of technologies required Three main types emerge: Autonomous Robotic Exploration Missions Human Missions with Robotic Assistance Life & Physical Science Support

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 18 SD3: Technology Planning and Long Term Objectives Exploration, and its preparation, represents one of the long term objectives of D-HME Major technology development focus in the near-term (Aurora, TRP etc.) is aligned with this long term objective through 4 major themes: Robotic Assistance Technologies: Exploiting existing European robotics heritage to prepare for future cooperation between human and robotic systems in exploration Advancing autonomous robotics for deployment in environments too dangerous for humans Life & Physical Sciences: Building on European expertise in the exploitation of the microgravity environment for the advancement of research in key scientific fields Applying new technologies to the upcoming challenges of future human exploration e.g. bio- chemical analysis, contaminant monitoring Human Exploration Technologies: Building on Columbus, ATV etc. technology development will also investigate areas key to future long term human life-support and habitation requirements Participation to future human exploration, with the Moon as a logical step and international cooperation as a key element Autonomous Robotic Missions In order to obtain fundamental capabilities e.g. landing, rendezvous etc. technology development will also be directed towards the preparation of near-medium term preparatory autonomous robotic missions

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 19 SD3: Outcomes Robotics Assistance technologies: 3.9 M Life and Physical Sciences 3.8 M Human Exploration Technologies 3.8 M ====== TOTAL TRP (2008-2010)11.5 M (15 M) Autonomous Robotic Missions (NEXT) 3.5 M to be defined > 202020142016 2018 Mission opportunity 2012 20102008 2006 Next Exploration Science and Technology Mission (NEXT) NEXT mission Ph B proposal and approval Ministerial Council 2008 Phase B Phase C/D Driving parameter in elaboration of technology development approach for NEXT missions Required technologies must be at TRL 6 by beginning of Phase B, in 2009 Demonstration of key enabling capabilities for exploration Soft Precision Landing Autonomous Rendezvous High Speed Earth Re- Entry

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 20 SD3: Summary TECNET has addressed TRP, GSTP / NewPro and Aurora Core TRP Plan takes into account ongoing Aurora activities The plan for TRP 2008 2010 has been prepared. An allocation has been reserved to support Autonomous Robotic Exploration Mission Inputs for GSTP, Aurora Core already approved for 2008

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 21 Service Domain 4 Space Transportation

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 22 LAU and HME defined the reference missions. LAU presented a total of 6 reference missions including a mission called long-term options for access to space which is not to be considered as a real mission but as a placeholder to allow to consider futuristic technologies. HME presented a total of 19 reference missions related covering different aspects: re-entry vehicles, transfer vehicles, and human vehicles. SD4: Missions

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 23 SD4: Summary The plan for TRP 2008 2010 is being refined for detailed allocations, with following emphasize: - Launchers oriented Technologies (propulsion)X.X M - Human Space Flight oriented Technologies (e.g. re-entry)X.X M - Generic Space Transportation Technologies (e.g materials)X.X M Total 10.0 M Furthermore.. TECNET has addressed TRP, GSTP/NewPro and FLPP. TRP Plan takes into account ongoing FLPP activities => FLPP already committed for 2008 2009 Inputs for GSTP/NewPro

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 24 Service Domain 5 Telecommunication

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 25 Missions + Requirements Any commercially oriented satellite telecommunication mission including broadcasting, multi casting and two-way communication to fixed or mobile terminals. Data relay and other institutional mission. No specific technology per se, but all technologies that will reduce cost and improve performances of one or more element of a satellite communication system. SD5: Missions and Drivers

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 26 A plan has been prepared totalling the 5 M The plan has 20 activities distributed as follows: Electromagnetics(e.g. reflect arrays)1.6 M Microwave (e.g.RF MEMS)2.0 M Optics(photonics)0.7 M Propulsion0.3 M Structures (e.g.conductive CFRP)0.4 M Total:5.0 M SD5: TRP WP & Summary Furthermore. TECNET has addressed TRP and ARTES. Internal (TRP, ARTES) and external (ARTES) calls

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 27 Service Domain 6: Navigation

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 28 M -325 EGNOS Evolutions To bring the possible evolutions of EGNOS from inception phase to a status which would allow their adequacy for implementation in the operational system. M-327 Galileo Evolutions Provide a global satellite navigation system with advanced capabilities as a follow-on to the first generation Galileo M-326 Enabling Tech. & Technologies for Applications of GNSS Evolutions 1) To identify new capabilities to be proposed for implementation in the European GNSS infrastructure (EGNOS, Galileo). 2) To prepare the exploitation of the new capabilities foreseen for the European GNSS infrastructure. Derived from the European GNSS Evolutions Programme (Ref.ESA/C(2007)16) SD6: Missions

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 29 SD6: TRP WP & Summary TECNET has addressed TRP and GNSS Evolution. Big uncertainty in evolution of all GNSS activities: EGNOS, Galileo, GNN Evolution => Staged approach => Only TRP 2008 prepared in detail : 2.9 M Reserve for 2009 2010 to be allocated when situation more clear

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 30 Service Domain 7 : Generic Technologies

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 31 The domain of Generic Technologies includes technology developments required by several service domains, e.g. Exploration, Earth Observation and Space Science as well as basic technologies. Drivers are: - Programme driven multi-domain technology, e.g. platform technology - Technology potential enabling ambitious objectives in the long-term Technology potential, should be organized so that it increases performance and reduces costs drastically, and assures European non-dependence. Generic Technologies are summarized in ESTER (D0) as Generic Missions: - Enabling ESA Missions - Industrial Competitiveness - Innovation - Non-dependence Generic Technologies: The Theme

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 32 Cross-sectorial Themes 1.Improving the way we deliver an operate space systems: E2E System Design Developing technologies, techniques and tools that significantly contribute to reduce time and cost of developing and operating space missions, 2.Disruption by evolution: S/C Avionics Technology that imply significant spacecraft evolution in :. IP in space, Plug & Playstyle avionics, software and software reuse, spacecraft management (FDIR, command and control), AOCS, data integrity. 3.Disruptive Technologies Developing disruptive technologies, that transform the way space systems are designed =>How can we bring the promise of MNT into space, anticipating needs for exploration, sci ? 4.Electronic Components Focus is on securing development/evaluation of standard components. Advanced components e.g. GaN, requiring significant investment have to be addressed in NewPro. Cross-sectorial Theme 1 and 2 are a collaborative effort between D/TEC and D/OPS

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 33 X-Sectorial: E2E System Design and Verification

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 34 Objectives Improve development and operations processes to reduce cost and schedule preserving the required quality level to accomplish future more demanding missions within affordable limits To increase industrial competitiveness Most of the cost and schedule overruns experienced today in space programmes are due to lack of an explicit trade-off and challenge of expensive requirements and misjudgement of system end-to-end performance issues, combined with the associated additional effort for the verification phase, and partially lack of maturity of the technologies adopted. Scope Multidisciplinary aspects incl. D/OPS System Level (versus discipline level) e.g. from Spacecraft, to Mission level (space and ground) and even System of Systems Covers all development phases: A B C D E/F Reference is ECSS E 10 Part 1: SE Requirements and Process: SE I &, Requirements Engineering, Analysis, Design and Configuration, Verification It focuses on methods and tools (technical) X-Sectorial: E2E System Design and Verification

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 35 Phase A PRRSRRSDRPDR Phase B CDR Phase C AR Phase D QR Phase E/F Specification methods Model Based Systems Engineering Concurrent Design Multi- disciplinary Analysis Synergy across project phases System / Sub-system / Discipline Advanced AIT Methods Improved Operations Demonstrations Pilot Applications X-Sectorial: E2E System Design and Verification Where to apply ??

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 36 Main Objective : Reduction of the development timeframe/cost for Avionics Data and Control Systems Triggered by the NASA 6 day Spacecraft but tuned to realistic expectations for reducing the definition, design and validation of an Avionics Data and Control system: Derivation of common architectures and pre-validated building blocks; use of common tools for development, validation and operations Improved End-to-end view for protocols and tools, supported by inter-centre test-bedding System level investigation of emerging requirements and techniques for Security, FDIR and Autonomy Composition of a system from building blocks including generation of application SW and unit level validation (6 Months) X-Sectorial: Avionics - Objectives

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 37 Reference Hardware Architecture Reference Software Architecture Reference Communication Architecture Common development & validation methodology and supporting tools Building Blocks Building Blocks Building Blocks Ground Test-Bench Onboard Test-Bench Validated Approach Building blocks and lessons learned Alignment with Industry Building Blocks Avionics Software Comms Control Security OPS Building Blocks Building Blocks Discipline Requirements System Architecture Development and validation Individual Activity Outputs System Integration Final Reports Outputs X-Sectorial: Avionics - Activity Flow

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 38 Objective: To perform close-up scientific investigations on several sites on a Near Earth Object. Constraints: Extreme mass-limitation, 5 kg platform, 2-4 kg payload of 10-15 W Challenge: use microsystems integrated in a system to gain performance with respect to mass. NEOMEx will demonstrate all critical functions of a S/C in an integrated manner X-Sectorial: NEOMEX

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 39 X-Sectorial: NEOMEX - System Architecture Somehow we need to connect all of it !!!

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 40 AOCS Power COMMS Propulsion General platform with mission-specific platform and payload modules Modularity and integration on system-of- microsystems level with allow maximum reusability Appropriate selection from a set of microsystem modules, according to the mission Microdevices to microsystems, microsystems into systems-of-microsystems without compromising the miniaturization or performance. Structure Thermal System design and Architecture X-Sectorial: NEOMEX - Modularity

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 41 X-Sectorial: Electronic Components - Elements Hybrid and Micropackaging Technologies Advancing the capabilities the industrial base for the ESA projects Silicon based Component Issues: Technical usage and risk management Support studies for larger TRP activities Radiation Effects Facilitating Radiation Testing under TRP/GSTP and other programmes Radiation Test implementation for studies, characterisation and evaluation Passives Strengthen the European technology base on passives solutions for mission needs RF/Microwave Strengthen the GaAs industries, provide technologies/ solutions to the projects. Support to main GaN Optoelectronics Provide generic solutions to generic problems: identify where there is scope to evaluate and qualify (traditionally a one off approach) MNT Broad approach based on dossier priorities

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 42 TRP 2008-2010 Funding Allocation Total: 48 Meuro

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 43 TECNET has addressed TRP and GSTP. Plan TRP 2008 2010 prepared. Sectorial (TD) and cross-sectorial actions established Despite pre-allocations, mismatch needs versus resources High-tech components not addressed for lack of resources. Non-dependence issues Disruptive technologies focused on MNT, limited, just introduction to major needs Exploration and other domains Inputs for GSTP / NewPro have to be verified SD7: Conclusions and Issues

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 44 TRPWorkplan Overview

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 45 TRP by Service Domain Target [M] Actual [M] 1 - Earth Observation20.027.2 1 2 - Science20.0-2-2 3 - Human Spaceflight and Exploration Preparation15.011.5 3 4 - Space Transportation10.0X.X 4 5 - Telecommunications5.05.3 6 - Navigation5.02.9 5 7 - Generic Technology & Techniques47.047.7 Total120.0110.8 1 Overprogramming to be aligned after downselection of Explorer Candidate Missions 2 TRP CTP will be defined beginning of 2008 3 3.5 M are reserved for NEXT 4 Being Refined 5 Activities for 2008 only

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 46 TRP by Technology Domain

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 47 TRP Timeline: Towards the WP IPC Oct. TRP Definition TRP Workplan 2008 TRP Pre-selection 2008-2010 DC TECNET Chair IPC Nov. AC Oct. TRP Workplan 2008 Implementation Member State Consultation

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 48 TRP Conclusions The plan 2008 2010 has been prepared with intervention of all stakeholders Budgetary Boundaries have been generally respected There is significant lack of resources in all domains There is in particular lack of resources for disruptive innovation, e.g. MNT, and advanced components, processors, FPGA, DSM, etc The plan TRP 2008 2010 is ready for endorsement by IPC

Documents

CDTI Presentation - September 2007 1 Preliminary Selection of Proposal for TRP 2008-2010