cdn.teledynelecroy.comcdn.teledynelecroy.com/files/manuals/dda-ug-e20.pdf · instrument’s persistence functions.. # ˜ ˙ ˘ With traditional analog instruments, data manipulation

DDA-UG-E Rev E ISSUED: December 1999 ��

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A large, powerful display reveals waveforms with advancedcolor management. Colors are used to give on-screenobjects added depth and distinctness, and to clarify theirinterrelationships.

Color and intensity are managed automatically in real time by apowerful hardware supported system that has the addedadvantage of very low software overhead. Traces can be showneither opaquely or transparently. Overlapping objects — tracesover traces or traces over grids — are always visible intransparent mode (page 18–3).

Signals and their related data are color associated (page 18–2).Each trace has its own dedicated color and persistence datamaps. Backed by 1 MB of video memory, infinite and variablepersistence displays are automatically color matched to theparent trace. Related traces and text, screen icons, and parent-daughter zoom regions are also linked by color. As many as eighttraces can be displayed at once, on as many grids (page 18–12).The Full Screen function uses the entire screen area to displaytraces (page 18–10).

There are six preset color schemes. You can customize fourpersonal color palettes (page 18–20), drawing on more than 40different colors (page 18–4).

The unique Analog Persistence feature (page 18–5) offersadvantages of an analog display in a digital instrument. Using thebrightness level of a single color to denote relative signalintensities, it is the DDA’s standard Persistence mode. Alsoavailable is Color Graded Persistence (page 18–15), which usesa color spectrum from red through violet to map signal intensity.Both persistence modes are infinite or variable with decay overtime. They can be chosen from the DISPLAY SETUP menus(see descriptions starting on page 18–7).

�� ISSUED: December 1999 DDA-UG-E Rev E

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The Advanced Color Management System ensures thatobjects and the relationships between them are alwaysclearly visible, even when the objects overlap. These objectscomprise:

� Waveforms, including envelopes and intensified regions

� Grids

� Parameter Measurements

� Cursors

� Status Information

�� !�� The color of the background plays an important role in bringing outthe similarities and differences between displayed objects. Thechoice of background colors is limited to the darker colors so thatdisplayed objects are more visible. The color of an object that is tooclose in hue to the chosen background color is automaticallychanged so that the object always stands out from the background.

��"!�� #�� The base color of a trace is specified for each color scheme.However, the expanded or zoomed sections of a trace can be giventheir own colors. A single trace, therefore, may have a number ofcolors at the same time: its principal color plus those of theexpanded regions.

�$�"!�� #�� Trace related text includes pieces of on-screen information thatdescribe measurement parameters, cursors, triggers, waveformsand channels. A standard text color covering all on-screen text existsin the preset color schemes, or you can choose them for custompalettes. Waveform source descriptions, including parameter string,acquisition setup, status screen, and trigger information will be in thetrace color even when contained in a text string (the remainder ofwhich will be in the text color). Waveform descriptor boxes (tracelabels) and the information they contain always take the color of theirrespective trace.

�� !�� %�� Most menus are displayed in the text color only. The active triggeredge or condition shows source related information in the trace color,as does the trigger icon. But the titles of Channel Coupling menus


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are trace colored, and Math Setup menu sources have their owncolor.

�&�� '��(�� Selection of the Opaque presentation of overlapping waveformsplaces one on top of another in normal, nontransparent layers. Youhave the capability to specify the order in which traces appear (seebelow).

When Transparent is chosen and overlap mixing used, however,those areas of the waveforms that overlap will automatically changecolor, while grid intensity remains constant. But this contrastenhancement marks the overlapping regions so that they stand out.Overlap managed traces remain always distinct in relation to otherdisplayed objects and the background.

�� This is another mechanism for recognizing displayed objects, whichautomatically overlays them on the screen in sequence.

When dealing with traces of the same type, the foremost trace isdescribed in the top trace label at left-of-screen, the next in thesecond-from-top trace label, and so on in descending order towardsthe background and the bottom of the screen, respectively. Thisorder can be changed by means of the CHANNELS TRACEON/OFF buttons.

When different types of traces are displayed, placed by default inascending order from the grid at the bottom are: envelope traces,persistence traces, normal traces, and cursors (last and foremost onthe screen). This sequence can also be customized.

For extrema waveforms the sequence is followed by a repeatedscanning of normal traces, ensuring they are always viewed withinextremas, regardless of display order. Thus each trace is visiblewithin its envelope, persistence or Pass/Fail mask; grid lines neverhide trace features; and cursors are always visible.

)� �� You can choose any color to be “neutral” in the four user colorschemes; a neutral color is designated by default in each of the sixpreset schemes. When the “Measure Gate” function is switched on,this designated neutral color is automatically assigned to objects oflimited interest — the area outside the measurement gate region(page 18–21) — thus indirectly highlighting the area of greatestinterest, inside the gated region.


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��*+�� When overlap mixing is used for Pass/Fail mask testing, togetherwith a well selected color scheme (default scheme “1”, for example)and the measurement gate highlighting described previously, thetrace area outside the mask is placed in clear relief.

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White Dark Cyan Ocean Spray Fuchsia

Cyan Cream Ice Blue Raspberry

Yellow Sand Pastel Blue Neon Pink

Green Amber Pale Blue Pale Pink

Magenta Olive Sky Blue Pink

Blue Light Green Royal Blue Vermilion

Red Jade Deep Blue Orange

Light Gray Lime Green Navy Cerise

Gray Apple Green Plum Khaki

Slate Gray Emerald Green Purple Brown

Charcoal Gray Grass Green Amethyst Black


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Analog Persistence provides an analog view of signals whilemaintaining digital data manipulation flexibility.

Press or use the DISPLAY SETUP “Persistence” menu(page 18–14), whose menu button toggles with it, to activate theinstrument’s persistence functions.

.� #�� With traditional analog instruments, data manipulation and thedirect comparison of acquisitions is practically impossible.Statistical analysis is also difficult to perform. Nevertheless,analog does have certain advantages. Because there is noanalog-to-digital conversion, the speed of the analog instrumentis limited only by the bandwidth of its electronics: signals aremonitored almost continuously. The digital instrument mustcapture signals across the time period allowed by the size of itsacquisition memory, then process and display theirrepresentation. The time needed to process the previousacquisition limits digital speed.

LeCroy’s unique Analog Persistence offers the advantages ofanalog display. The display looks like an analog display, and isfast, too. But it provides the data manipulation, flexibility andstatistical analysis capabilities found only in digital instruments.

�� .�� Analog Persistence is fast because data accumulation isdecoupled from display. New data is both accumulated anddisplayed more quickly. Moreover, the persistence is variable.The display is generated by repeatedly sampling amplitudes ofevents over time and accumulating the sampled data into three-dimensional display maps. These maps create an analog styledisplay. You can use user definable persistence duration to see howthe maps evolve proportionally over time. Statistical integrity ispreserved because the duration, or decay, is proportional to thepersistence population for each amplitude or time combination in thedata.


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In addition, Analog Persistence provides user definable, post-acquisition saturation control of the maps, allowing detail to beeasily drawn out of the display .

�� When Analog Persistence is selected, each channel and itsassociated persistence data map are assigned a single color(whereas the related Color Graded persistence function renders themaps in different colors in the red-to-violet spectrum). As apersistence data map takes shape on-screen, different shades of itscolor are assigned to the population ranges between a minimum anda maximum population. The maximum population automatically getsthe brightest shade, the zero or smallest population gets the darkestshade or the background color, and the population between zero andmaximum the shades in between.

The information in the lower populations, or down at the noiselevel (random transients rather than dominant signals) can oftenbe of greater interest than the rest. The distribution of data ishere highlighted by shades and color so that it may more easilybe examined in detail.

You can select a saturation level or population specified as apercentage of the maximum population. All populations abovethe saturation population are then assigned the brightest shade,that is, saturated. At the same time, all populations below thesaturation level are assigned the remaining shades frombrightest to darkest.

Data populations and their displayed shades are dynamicallyupdated as data from new acquisitions are accumulated.


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Press to access the DISPLAY SETUP menus (page18–13) and to select from:

� “Standard” or “XY” mode and grids

� Persistence

� Dot Join

� “Single” (1), “Dual” (2), “Quad” (4), or “Octal” (8) grids

� Display and grid intensities

� “More Display Setup” menus

�� 01 ��2 Standard display (menus on page 18–13) allows presentation ofsource waveforms versus time (or versus frequency for FFTs).

XY display (menus on page 18–16) compares and contrasts onesource waveform with another, and is used when selected traceshave the same time or frequency span (time/div) and horizontal unit(in seconds or Hertz). XY is automatically generated as soon as twocompatible traces are selected. If incompatible traces are selected, awarning message is displayed at the top of the screen. And ifcompatible traces are not matched in time, their XY diagram will bedisplayed showing the shifting in time or in frequency between them.(The ∆T or ∆f indicator is displayed in the Displayed Trace Label atleft-of-screen.)

�� In Persistence Mode, the DDA can display points so that theyaccumulate on-screen over many acquisitions. Both Analog andColor Graded Persistence can be used in either Standard or XYdisplay. Eye diagrams and constellation displays can be made bymeans of Persistence, and the most recent sweep can be displayedas a “vector” trace over the Persistence display. Persistence isactivated from the “DISPLAY SETUP” “Persistence” menu (page18–14).


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.�� 3��2 Grid styles, examples of which are shown on the following pages,offer a variety of ways to view one or more traces in Standard orXY display. As many as eight traces and grids can be displayedin Standard mode by means of the “Octal” grid selection (page18–12). When Parameters are used, the special parameter-stylegrid comes automatically into play. Grid graticules are internallygenerated, so that the intensity of grids, as well as of waveformsand text, can be adjusted to the desired intensity. Grids can alsobe blended with displayed traces.

Standard Display — Single Grid


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Standard Display — Dual,Quad Grid


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Parameter Display — Quad Grid — Full-Screen Mode: trace information normally contained in thetrace labels is arranged beneath the grid in Full Screen.

Pressing expands the grid display to fill the entirescreen. Pressing this button again returns the grid to its normalsize. Pressing RETURN in Full Screen mode removes themenus from view so that waveforms can be viewed in theirentirety. These reappear when you press one or the other of themenu entry buttons.


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XY Display grids — XY (left),and XY + Dual (below)


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�� ' �� As many as eight traces can be displayed at the same time, withtheir respective trace labels and any combination of math, zoom,and memories. When “Octal” is selected from the “Standard”“Grids” menu (see next page), eight separate grids are madeavailable. When more than four traces are displayed in Single,Dual, or Quad grid style, the accompanying trace labels becomesmaller, so that as many as eight labels can be shown. However,in Octal the labels are always smaller.

Octal style grid, with eight displayed traces and their labels.


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With Standard selected, these menus become accessible.

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This is for activating Persistence (see next menu). It is coupled to theANALOG PERSIST button.

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Use this to select Dot Join “ON” (connecting the sample points with aline segment) or “OFF,” when only the sample points are displayedwhen there are less than 400 points on the screen.

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This is for accessing the “MORE DISPLAY” menus (page 18–20).

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This is for selecting the number of grids.

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This adjusts the screen intensity for the waveform and associatedtext by means of the associated menu knob.

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This adjusts the screen intensity of the grid by means of theassociated menu knob.

�� If “W’form + Text intensity” is turned down to 0%, thewaveform and text disappear. Press the DISPLAY button to returnautomatically to 90% intensity. If “Grid” is turned down to 0%,press the “Grid intensity” menu button to return this intensity to75%.


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With both Standard and “Persistence” On, these menus appear.

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This is for activating Persistence. When On, this can be cleared andreset by pressing the CLEAR SWEEPS button or by changing anyacquisition condition or waveform processing condition. This menu istoggled by the ANALOG PERSIST button.

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Use this to access the “Persistence” menus (see next page)

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This is for accessing the “More Display” menus (page 18–20).

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This is for selecting the number of grids.

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Use this to select any or all of the displayed traces — On (top menu)— for saturation adjustment.

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This is for selecting the percentage of saturation. A level of 100%corresponds to the color spectrum’s being spread across the entiredepth of the persistence data map. At lower values, the spectrum willsaturate (brightest color or shade) at the specified percentage value.Lowering the percentage causes the pixels to be saturated at a lowerdata intensity, and allows rarely hit pixels that are not seen at higherpercentages to become visible.


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�,-�4�,)!, These menus appear when “Persistence Setup” is enabled fromDISPLAY SETUP.

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Use this to show the last acquired trace.

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This is for selecting the persistence duration, in seconds.

The number of sweeps accumulated (up to 1 million) is displayedbelow the grid.

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Use this to select whether persistence is applied to all traces or to thetop two only.

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Use this to select the Persistence Mode. With Analog selected, eachpersistence data map is rendered to the screen in various intensitiesof the trace color. While with Color Graded, all persistence datamaps are rendered in a red–to–violet spectrum.

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Use this to select any or all of the displayed traces (if “Last Trace” isOn) for saturation adjustment.

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This is for selecting the percentage of saturation. A level of 100%corresponds to the color spectrum’s being spread across theentire depth of the persistence data map. At lower values, thespectrum will saturate (brightest color or shade) at the specifiedpercentage value. Lowering the percentage causes the pixels tobe saturated at a lower data intensity, and allows rarely hit pixelsthat are not seen at higher percentages to become visible.


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�4��%#1 �,/� 5 01 When XY is selected in the first menu, these other menus appear.

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This is for activating Persistence.

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This is for accessing “XY Setup” (see next page).

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This is for accessing the “More Display” menus.

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This is for selecting the grid style.

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This adjusts the screen intensity for the waveform and associatedtext, by means of the associated menu knob.

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This adjusts the screen intensity of the grid, by means of theassociated menu knob.

�� If “W’form + Text intensity” is turned down to 0%, thewaveform and text disappear. Press the DISPLAY button to returnautomatically to 90% intensity. If “Grid” is turned down to 0%,press the “Grid Intensity” menu button to return to 75% intensity.


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01 �,/� When the corresponding menu button for XY SETUP is pressed andwhen “Persistence” is OFF, these menus appear.

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Use this to select Analog or Color Graded persistence for a singlesweep.

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This is for selecting the percentage of saturation. At lower values, thespectrum will saturate (brightest color or shade) at the specifiedpercentage value. Lowering the percentage causes the pixels to besaturated at a lower data intensity, and allows rarely hit pixels that arenot seen at higher percentages to become visible.


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When XY is selected in the first menu and Persistence activated,these menus appear.

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Use this to turn Persistence On.

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This is for accessing “XY SETUP” by means of Persistence (seenext page).

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This is for accessing the “MORE DISPLAY” menus.

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This is for selecting the grid style.

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This adjusts the screen intensity for the waveform and associatedtext, by means of the associated menu knob.

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This adjusts the screen intensity of the grid by means of theassociated menu knob.

�� If “W’form + Text intensity” is turned down to 0%, thewaveform and text disappear. Press the DISPLAY button to returnautomatically to 90% intensity. If “Grid” is turned down to 0%,press the “Grid intensity” menu button to return this intensity to75%.


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When you press the corresponding menu button for “XY–PersistSetup,” these menus appear.

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This is for selecting the persistence duration, in seconds. Thenumber of sweeps accumulated (up to 1 million) is displayed belowthe grid.

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Use this to select Analog or Color Graded Persistence.

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This is for selecting the percentage of saturation. A level of 100%corresponds to the color spectrum’s being spread across theentire depth of the persistence data map. At lower values, thespectrum will saturate (brightest color or shade) at the specifiedpercentage value. Lowering the percentage causes the pixels tobe saturated at a lower data intensity, and allows rarely hit pixelsthat are not seen at higher percentages to become visible.


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'�-, �4��%#1 Press the button beside the “More Display Setup” menu togain direct access to these menus.

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This is for accessing the Screen Saver controls. When activated, thebuilt-in screen saver will become active 10 minutes after the last useof a front panel control. This is a complete display shutdown of theinternal screen (“Energy Saver”), giving lower power dissipation andsystem noise. However, the external monitor does remain activeduring the display shutdown. The front panel LED light indicates thatthe instrument is in a screen saving, STANDBY, state. Press anyfront panel control to restore the screen.

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Use this to select from six preset (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) or four user (U1,U2, U3, or U4) color schemes. When you choose a user customscheme, “CHANGE COLORS” is added to the list of menus,enabling the creation of personal color palettes and the assignmentof colors to traces, grids, or any other displayed on-screen object orelement (see box, facing page). It also allows preset schemes to becopied for easier customization.

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This menu appears when you select one of the four custom colorschemes from the “Color Scheme” menu. It accesses the “CHANGECOLORS” secondary menu (page 18–22).

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This is for selecting Opaque or Transparent. WhenTransparent is chosen, waveform objects are always visible andtheir overlapping regions automatically distinguished by a newand unique color. For traces of the same type, the foremosttrace is described in the top trace label at left-of-screen, thesecond foremost label in the second-from-top trace label, and soon in descending order towards the background and the bottomof the screen, respectively. This order can be changed by meansof the CHANNELS TRACE ON/OFF buttons. For a variety oftrace types, the order follows that described on page 18–3.


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Use this to turn On the Measure Gate function, which highlightsthe gated parameter region by making the trace in the regionoutside the parameter a neutral color.

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Use this to show the data (sample) points in Normal or Bold view.

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Background

Trace 1.. .4

Trace A.. .D

Grid

Text

Cursors

Warnings

Neutral

Overlays

The preset (“1–6”) and user selected custom color schemes(“U1–U4”) give a particular color to each displayed object.Colors are assigned to the custom palettes by means of the“CHANGE COLORS” “Change” menu (see next page) for:

♦ The background color of entire display area.

♦ The color assigned to traces displaying Channel 1, 2, 3, or4.

♦ The color assigned to Trace A, B, C, or D.

♦ The default color of the grid.

♦ The color assigned to menus, acquisition status, andnon-single source measurements.

♦ The color assigned to cursors.

♦ The color assigned to error and warning messages.

♦ The color designated as neutral (can be any color inuser palettes), used in ‘Measure-Gate’ regionhighlighting.

♦ The color assigned to the menus overlaid on the gridwhen in Full Screen mode.


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!�#)3, !�%�-� This enables colors to be assigned to displayed objects and the usercustomization of color schemes.

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This is for copying one of the six preset color schemes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5,or 6) to a user color scheme (U1, U2, U3, or U4), or for copying oneuser scheme to another. Copying makes customization easier byforming the basis of a personalized palette that can then bedeveloped.

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This is for executing the copying of the preset scheme to thepersonal color palette.

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Use this to select a displayed object for color assignment (see box,previous page).

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This is for selecting the color to be assigned to the chosen object.

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cdn.teledynelecroy.comcdn.teledynelecroy.com/files/manuals/dda-ug-e20.pdf · instrument’s persistence functions.. # ˜ ˙ ˘ With traditional analog instruments, data manipulation