Health and Safety Executive

Health and Safety Executive

CDM 2007MAKING A DIFFERENCE

WILL YOU?BIRMINGHAM 16 MAY

ANDREW EAST

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceThe Problem

Fatal Accidents:• Ave of 70 workers Injuries:• 4,600 major • 8,250 >3 day • 1000s of accidents not

reportedOccupational ill health:• 65,000 musculo-

skeletal • 15,000 respiratory• 6,000 skin• 5,000 hearing loss• 10000’s of ill health

problems not reported

What has been achieved (Percentage incidence rate changes against targets)

-70%

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

99/00 00/01 01/02 02/03 03/04 04/05 05/06p 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10

Fatal ratechange(Workers)

Major Injuryrate change(Employees)

Over 3-dayinjury ratechange(Employees)IndustryTarget

PSA Target

% RHS

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceHistory

• CDM 1994 came into force on 31 March 1995– Implemented TMCS Directive– Directive recognised the particular risks created for

sites which were temporary or mobile – Identified the need to reduce risk by better

coordination, management, and cooperation.• The CDM Regulations represented a major change in

how industry managed H&S. • For the first time the duties of clients and designers

were made explicit.• Early concerns about complexity and bureaucracy

rather than focus on risk reduction - Became paper and system led

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceAim of the revision

• Simplify the regulations and improve clarity

• Maximise their flexibility

• Focus on effective planning and management of risk, not ‘The Plan’ and other paperwork

• Strengthen requirements on cooperation and coordination - encourage better integration

• Simplify competence assessment; reduce bureaucracy and raise standards

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceThe objective of CDMStrategic approach to H&S on project design, planning, preparation and executionTo reduce the total amount of risk which is introduced into the construction process by effective management of health and safety Or how better value projects can be procured that do not harm those who have to build and maintain them

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceThe Challenge

• To change attitudes

• To change behaviours

• Achieve sensible risk management

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceWhat are the main changes?

• Main change is making explicit what is already implicit!

• CHSW and CDM combined Regulations apply to all construction work

• New trigger for appointments and preparation of the plan

• Clients duty on management arrangements

• A new dutyholder- the coordinator• Designers to eliminate hazards;

reduce risk• Clarity in relation to competence

assessment

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceStructure of the Regulations• Five parts

– Part 1: Introduction– Part 2: General

management duties applying to construction projects

– Part 3: Additional duties where projects is notifable

– Part 4: Health and Safety on Construction sites

– Part 5: General– Schedules 1 to 4

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceStructure of the Regs

• Regulations apply to all construction work

• Notification triggers appointment of duty holders and duties in Part 3 of the Regulations– PC– Coordinator – File– Preconstruction plan

• Duties remain on clients, designers, & contractors regardless of notification

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceTrigger for Appointments

CDM 1994• Enforcing authority• Domestic Client• Demolition• 30 days, 500 person

days• 5 or more workers

CDM 2007

• Domestic Client

• 30 days 500 person days

CDM 2007 – Making A Difference What difference do we want to see

• The Regs have been revised

• A change in behaviour is needed to achieve the aims– The key objectives are

• Reduce risk• Integrate health and

safety • Reduce bureaucracy • Reduce paperwork • Develop

understanding and take ownership

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceCutting back on paper

• Does it reduce risk? Challenge for all actions.

• CDM 2007 requires 3 documents– An F 10 Notification– A Construction phase

health and safety plan– The Health and Safety

File

• Any other paper is your choice - Information

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceWhy clients are important

•They set the tone for the project

•They decide on the procurement route and contract philosophy

•They make crucial decisions about resources – both time and money

•They select designers and contractors, and decide the timing of their appointment

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceExpectation of Clients

• Makes them accountable for the impact they have on H&S standards

• They should make sure things are done not do them themselves

• Must provide enough time and resource to allow the project to be delivered safely

• Coordinator is their key advisor

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceWhat clients must do

• Engage a competent and adequately resourced team early

• Provide relevant information to team

• Ensure welfare is in place from the start

• Ensure arrangements for managing the project are suitable

• Ensure work does not start until the PC has a H & S plan

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceClients do not

• Plan or manage construction projects themselves

• Specify how work must be done,

• Provide welfare facilities

• Check designs to make sure that regulation 11 has been complied with;

• Visit the site

• Employ third party assurance advisors to monitor health and safety standards

• Subscribe to third party competence assessment schemes

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferencePlanning supervisors- Why Change

• Role of Planning Supervisor has not been considered a success

• The existing role was new and unempowered

• A view that they acted defensively• Perceived to generate paper • Planning supervision is therefore dropped

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceCoordinators

• More than just a change of name– Client advisor on competence;

provision of information and adequacy of H&S plan;

– Ensure the proper coordination of the design process – safe to build, use, maintain, and demolish

– Should provide the right information to the right people at the right time

– Draw up the health and safety file

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceExpectation Of Coordinators• Are expected to adopt a positive

enabling role

• Brevity and clarity is key

• They must be discouraged – from developing unproductive

paper based systems– Asking for proof from designers

such as DRA

• They do not have to approve RA or methods statements

• Advise on management arrangements not the detail

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceWho can be a Co-ordinator

• Anyone - so long as they fulfil competence given in ACOP

• An appointment has be made early

• The duties can be carried out by a– Designer– Contractor– PC– A Designer or full time Coordinator

• On small jobs a combined role of designer and Coordinator may have advantages

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceCoordinators do not

• Coordinators do NOT have to – Approve the appointment of other duty

holders, – Approve or check designs, – Approve or supervise the PC’s

construction phase plan– Supervise or monitor work on site

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferencePrincipal Contractors

• There is little change between CDM 1994 and CDM 2007

• PC for notifiable projects, to be appointed as soon as practicable

• Prepare & implement construction phase plan

• PC to ensure that the construction phase is properly planned, monitored, and resourced

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferencePrincipal Contractors

• Ensure all workers provided with suitable H&S induction, information etc• Ensure that suitable welfare is provided• Have arrangements to enable co-operation with workers, and consult with workers

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceDesigners

CDM 2007 – Making a DifferenceWho are Designers?

• People who prepare a design for construction work, including:– Drawings– Design details,

analysis, calculations

– Specifications & bills of quantities

– Design & Build contractors

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceDesigners

• Designs should be safe, to build, to use, to clean, to maintain, to demolish

• Inform others of significant or unusual risks which remain

• Amount of effort put in to risk reduction should be proportionate to the risk

• Take account of relevant provisions of Workplace Regs

• Eliminate hazards and reduce risks from the start of the design process subject to other relevant design considerations

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceProviding Information

• Designers must provide information to identify and manage remaining significant risks to those that need it

• If in doubt discuss• Achieved by

– Notes on drawings– Written information provided with the

design– Suggested construction sequences

when not obvious

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferencePaperwork - Records

• Competent designers eliminate hazards and reduce risks – manage the risk not the paperwork

• Designer are not required to produce copious amounts of paperwork detailing hazards and risk– This is potentially harmful and must be positively

discouraged– May reflect a lack of competence

• But - brief records why key decisions were made will be helpful when designs are passed to another to prevent decisions being reversed

Please don’t do this

CDM 2007 – Making a DifferenceDesign Review• Consider buildability,

operability, maintainability throughout the design process

• Design review should include hazard elimination & risk reduction

• Knowledge of relevant H&S risks will be required

• Don’t forget occupational health issues, where designers can also have positive impact

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceDesigners Summary

• Eliminate hazards– By experience – By red amber green lists – By challenging existing practice– By considering implications of their actions – By talking to contractors– By complying with the work place regs

Communicate simply outstanding hazardsDo not produce paper unless it is off value Do not worry about trivial riskEngage and take ownership

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceDesigning out hazard

Simple design measure to reduce risk

CDM 2007 – Making a DifferenceDesigning in Hazard

CDM 2007 – Making a Difference

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceCompetence - clarified:

• Stage 1: An assessment of the company’s organisation and arrangements for health and safety to determine whether these are sufficient to enable them to carry out the work safely and without risks to health

• Stage 2: An assessment of the company’s experience and track record to establish that it is capable of doing the work; it recognises its limitations and how these will be overcome and it appreciates the risks from doing the work and how these will be tackled

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceCompetence

• ACOP now includes more detail about competence

• Appendix 4: Core Criteria for the demonstration of competence

• Importance of continued professional development –for individuals and organisations

CDM 2007 – Making A DifferenceHSE’s Priorities for 2007/08 - 1

Key Target Sectors:

•Refurbishment;

•Home Build;

•Commercial New Build

CDM 2007 – Will you be making a DifferenceHSE’s Priorities for 2007/08 - 2

Within key target sectors, the emphasis is on:• CDM 2007• Falls (including falls from vehicles)• Management of occupational health risks (MSD, HAVS, NIHL, dermatitis, resp. disease, welfare• Good order/slips & trips• Worker engagement

Will you be making a differenceCDM 2007 – Over to You

• Evolution, not revolution• Achieve the next step change in

industry performance• Focus on effective planning and

management of risk through integrated teams

• Real investment in competence & skills of the workforce

• Paperwork should be risk focussed and project specific;

• Actively drive out needless bureaucracy

• Provide the right information to the right people at the right time;

• Building on success