Preparing for BirthPreparing for Birth

CD Chapter 6CD Chapter 6

Early signs of pregnancyEarly signs of pregnancy

Missed periodMissed period Mild ache or feeling of fullness in the lower Mild ache or feeling of fullness in the lower

abdomenabdomen Sense of fatigue, drowsy, faintSense of fatigue, drowsy, faint Urinate more frequentlyUrinate more frequently Discomfort or tenderness in breastsDiscomfort or tenderness in breasts Periods of nauseaPeriods of nausea Pregnancy testPregnancy test

2-6 weeks after conception2-6 weeks after conception These are getting more reliable and can be used sooner These are getting more reliable and can be used sooner

in pregnancy as tech progressesin pregnancy as tech progresses Senses levels of HCGSenses levels of HCG

Medical care during Medical care during pregnancypregnancy

As soon a woman suspects she is As soon a woman suspects she is pregnant she should consult a doctorpregnant she should consult a doctor

Many prefer obstetricianMany prefer obstetricianDr. who specializes in pregnancy and Dr. who specializes in pregnancy and

birthbirthShe will make regular visits – develop She will make regular visits – develop

relationship and trustrelationship and trust

contcont Exam once pregnantExam once pregnant

BP, pulse, respiration, initial weightBP, pulse, respiration, initial weight Pelvic measurements to see if it is wide enough Pelvic measurements to see if it is wide enough

to have a normal sized baby to be born without to have a normal sized baby to be born without difficultydifficulty

Urine test to see the health of the kidneys b/c Urine test to see the health of the kidneys b/c they will be under more stressthey will be under more stress

Blood testBlood testAnemia – lack of iron which results in poor appetite, Anemia – lack of iron which results in poor appetite,

tired, weaktired, weakAlso used to determine woman’s blood type in case a Also used to determine woman’s blood type in case a

transfusion is necessarytransfusion is necessaryHealth history to reveal any conditionsHealth history to reveal any conditionsAlso good to test for any genetic defects that could be Also good to test for any genetic defects that could be

passed on to babypassed on to baby

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Monitor development of babyMonitor development of babyMake sure mother remains healthyMake sure mother remains healthyOnce a month until the last 3 months Once a month until the last 3 months

– twice a month until last month – – twice a month until last month – once a weekonce a week

Due date?? – based on the woman’s Due date?? – based on the woman’s last menstrual period began, the Dr last menstrual period began, the Dr adds 9 months and one week to find adds 9 months and one week to find the approx. datethe approx. date

Discomforts during Discomforts during pregnancypregnancy

Some women go through pregnancy feeling Some women go through pregnancy feeling healthyhealthy

Some experience discomfort, which is Some experience discomfort, which is normal, but should be mentioned to Dr.normal, but should be mentioned to Dr. NauseaNausea

Most commonMost commonmorning sickness – although many feel it in evening morning sickness – although many feel it in evening

and throughout the dayand throughout the daySoda crackers, eating small mealsSoda crackers, eating small mealsUsually doesn’t last beyond 4 monthsUsually doesn’t last beyond 4 monthsMany times will give sleeping pills to help with Many times will give sleeping pills to help with

symptomssymptoms

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SleepinessSleepinessDue to hormonal changesDue to hormonal changesPregnancy affects every system and Pregnancy affects every system and

organ in body – many big changesorgan in body – many big changesSome wear off during middle months Some wear off during middle months

and then recur later in pregnancyand then recur later in pregnancyHeartburnHeartburn

Acid reflux with certain foodsAcid reflux with certain foods

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Short of breathShort of breathLate monthsLate monthsUterus puts pressure on lungs so they Uterus puts pressure on lungs so they

can’t expand as muchcan’t expand as muchVaricose veinsVaricose veins

Pressure on vessels in leg veinsPressure on vessels in leg veinsRest with legs and feel elevated Rest with legs and feel elevated Stockings and exercises also helpStockings and exercises also help

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Muscle cramps in legsMuscle cramps in legsStretch and diet rich in CalciumStretch and diet rich in Calcium

Lower back painLower back painBend knees when liftingBend knees when liftingLow heeled shoesLow heeled shoesExercisesExercisesRest legs oftenRest legs often

Possible ComplicationsPossible Complications Vaginal bleedingVaginal bleeding Unusual weight gainUnusual weight gain Excessive thirstExcessive thirst Reduced or painful urinationReduced or painful urination Severe abdominal painSevere abdominal pain Persistent headachesPersistent headaches Severe vomitingSevere vomiting FeverFever Swelling of face, hands, or anklesSwelling of face, hands, or ankles Blurred vision or dizzinessBlurred vision or dizziness Prolonged backacheProlonged backache Increases vaginal mucusIncreases vaginal mucus

Nutrition during pregnancyNutrition during pregnancy

Single most important factor in Single most important factor in prenatal careprenatal care

Good diet helps baby and mother Good diet helps baby and mother develop and maintain good healthdevelop and maintain good health

Mom needs to provide all the nutrients Mom needs to provide all the nutrients the baby needs and those for herselfthe baby needs and those for herself

Try to establish healthy eating habits Try to establish healthy eating habits before pregnancybefore pregnancy

The role of nutrientsThe role of nutrients ProteinProtein

Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, beansMeat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, beans Vital for growth of babyVital for growth of baby Helps keep mother’s body in good repairHelps keep mother’s body in good repair

VitaminsVitamins Protect against infections and disease, regulate body Protect against infections and disease, regulate body

processesprocesses Lack vitamins – increases risk of birth defectsLack vitamins – increases risk of birth defects Proper development of baby’s eyesProper development of baby’s eyes Vit B – release energy in foods, build nervous system, Vit B – release energy in foods, build nervous system,

keep digestive system working well, promote healthy skinkeep digestive system working well, promote healthy skin Vit C – build teeth and gums, builds material that holds Vit C – build teeth and gums, builds material that holds

body’s cells togetherbody’s cells together Vit D – strong bones and teethVit D – strong bones and teeth Fresh fruits, breads, veggiesFresh fruits, breads, veggies

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MineralsMineralsSturdy bones, teeth, healthy bloodSturdy bones, teeth, healthy bloodIron – prevent anemia in motherIron – prevent anemia in mother

Helps fetus build own blood supplyHelps fetus build own blood supplyExtra stored in baby’s liver can be used for Extra stored in baby’s liver can be used for

months after birth when baby lacks ironmonths after birth when baby lacks ironMeat, beans, peas, spinach, raisinsMeat, beans, peas, spinach, raisinsCa, Ph help build bones and teethCa, Ph help build bones and teeth

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Carbs and fatsCarbs and fatsHeat and energyHeat and energy

Food Guide PyramidFood Guide Pyramid

Food Pyramid – pg 164Food Pyramid – pg 164

Dairy – 4-5 servingsDairy – 4-5 servingsMeat/poultry – 3 servingsMeat/poultry – 3 servingsVegetable – 3-5 servingsVegetable – 3-5 servingsFruit – 2-4 servingsFruit – 2-4 servingsBreads/Grain – 6-11 servingsBreads/Grain – 6-11 servings

Teenage DietsTeenage Diets

In order to have a healthy baby, the In order to have a healthy baby, the woman herself must be healthywoman herself must be healthy

Diet throughout life plays an Diet throughout life plays an important roleimportant role

Crash diets before or during Crash diets before or during pregnancy cannot make up for poor pregnancy cannot make up for poor diet before and may even harm diet before and may even harm pregnancypregnancy

Eat healthy as a teenEat healthy as a teen

Weight gain during Weight gain during pregnancypregnancy

Typical – 24-30 poundsTypical – 24-30 poundsBaby – 7lbsBaby – 7lbsPlacenta – 1-2 lbsPlacenta – 1-2 lbsAmniotic fluid- 1.5-2 lbsAmniotic fluid- 1.5-2 lbsIncrease size of uterus and muscles – 2 Increase size of uterus and muscles – 2

lbslbsBreast increase – 1 lbBreast increase – 1 lbIncrease blood volume – 1.5-3 lbsIncrease blood volume – 1.5-3 lbsIncrease fat stores – 5 lbsIncrease fat stores – 5 lbsIncrease body fluids – 5-7 lbsIncrease body fluids – 5-7 lbs

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Gaining at least 20 lbs is essential to Gaining at least 20 lbs is essential to having a healthy babyhaving a healthy baby

Less than 20 – increased risk of fetal Less than 20 – increased risk of fetal death or premature birthdeath or premature birth

Personal care and activitiesPersonal care and activities

Avoid alcohol, tobacco, all drugs and medsAvoid alcohol, tobacco, all drugs and meds RestRest

Get plenty of sleep and naps as neededGet plenty of sleep and naps as needed ExerciseExercise

Moderate, walking, swimming, bikingModerate, walking, swimming, biking Not a time to begin strenuous exerciseNot a time to begin strenuous exercise

HygieneHygiene Daily showers and bathDaily showers and bath Skin helps maintain correct body temp and Skin helps maintain correct body temp and

eliminate wasteseliminate wastes Life style should not change radicallyLife style should not change radically

Maternity clothesMaternity clothes

ComfortableComfortableNOT TIGHT – need good circulationNOT TIGHT – need good circulationStretchyStretchyLow-heeled shoesLow-heeled shoes

Emotional healthEmotional health

Emotional for both mom and dadEmotional for both mom and dadTalk about emotions/concernsTalk about emotions/concernsHormonal changes = mood swingsHormonal changes = mood swings

Section 2 – Getting ready for Section 2 – Getting ready for the New Arrivalthe New Arrival

Roles responsibilities and decisionsRoles responsibilities and decisionsConsider partner’s goals, skills, schedule, Consider partner’s goals, skills, schedule,

personal characteristics, and financial personal characteristics, and financial needsneeds

Many home have both parents working Many home have both parents working outside of homeoutside of homeNeed to agree on care for babyNeed to agree on care for baby

Maternity leaveMaternity leaveTime off from a job allowing a woman to give Time off from a job allowing a woman to give

birth, recuperate, and care for her new babybirth, recuperate, and care for her new babyMay be a few weeks or monthsMay be a few weeks or months

Paternity leavePaternity leaveTime off for father to care for babyTime off for father to care for babyAllows parents to spend time together with Allows parents to spend time together with

the new babythe new babyIf finances allow, one parent may stay If finances allow, one parent may stay

home with childhome with child

Preparing for parentingPreparing for parenting

Talk about concernsTalk about concernsTalk about how you will Talk about how you will

raise/discipline themraise/discipline themWhat ?’s would you discuss with your What ?’s would you discuss with your

spouse?spouse?

Other children in the familyOther children in the familyChild will have to adjustChild will have to adjustPrepare the child for the new babyPrepare the child for the new babyTalk about them oftenTalk about them oftenHave them help with the baby’s new room Have them help with the baby’s new room Be prepared to deal with jealousy, Be prepared to deal with jealousy,

confusionconfusionOpenly communicate with them and be Openly communicate with them and be

empathetic toward themempathetic toward them

Decision about breast feedingDecision about breast feedingFormula – mixture of milk or milk Formula – mixture of milk or milk

substitute, water and nutrientssubstitute, water and nutrientsDepends on mothers anatomy, Depends on mothers anatomy,

schedule, and lifestyleschedule, and lifestyleCan do a combo of bothCan do a combo of both

BreastfeedingBreastfeeding

ProsPros Creates a bond with Creates a bond with

mothermother Natural immunityNatural immunity Speeds return of uterus Speeds return of uterus

to normal sizeto normal size Few digestive upsetsFew digestive upsets Available at all timesAvailable at all times Reduces risk of Reduces risk of

allergiesallergies FREE!!FREE!!

ConsCons Prevents father from Prevents father from

participatingparticipating Limits meds the Limits meds the

mother can takemother can take PainfulPainful Difficult with work Difficult with work

scheduleschedule Anxiety or illness may Anxiety or illness may

interfere with interfere with productionproduction

Bottle feedingBottle feeding

ProsPros Allows father to Allows father to

participateparticipate Mother can have more Mother can have more

flexible scheduleflexible schedule Baby can be fed by Baby can be fed by

anyone, anywhereanyone, anywhere

ConsCons ExpensiveExpensive Greater chance of Greater chance of

allergiesallergies

Clothing and equipment Clothing and equipment needsneeds

DiaperingDiapering Disposable diapers – 5/dayDisposable diapers – 5/day WipesWipes Diaper rash ointmentDiaper rash ointment Diaper disposalDiaper disposal

ClothingClothing 6-8 undershirts6-8 undershirts 4-6 sleepers4-6 sleepers 4 blankets4 blankets 1 warm blanket1 warm blanket 1 sweater/cap set1 sweater/cap set

Feeding equipmentFeeding equipment6-8 bottles6-8 bottlesBreast pump and padsBreast pump and padsBottles for storing milkBottles for storing milkNipplesNipplesBottle capsBottle capsBibs Bibs High chairHigh chair

Bedding/bedroomBedding/bedroom4 crib sheets4 crib sheetsWaterproof mattress coverWaterproof mattress cover2-4 absorbent pads2-4 absorbent pads2 blankets/spreads2 blankets/spreadsBumper padBumper padDresserDresserDiaper changing stationDiaper changing stationwastebasketwastebasket

Bathing and other suppliesBathing and other supplies Baby bathtubBaby bathtub Mild soapMild soap Baby shampooBaby shampoo Soft washclothesSoft washclothes Soft towelsSoft towels Cotton ballsCotton balls Baby oil and lotionBaby oil and lotion Nail clippersNail clippers Baby combBaby comb thermometerthermometer

Travel equipmentTravel equipmentCar seatCar seatDiaper bagDiaper bagStroller/infant carrierStroller/infant carrier

Secondhand equipment is a great Secondhand equipment is a great way to goway to go

Estimating expensesEstimating expenses

Plan early for expensesPlan early for expensesThey don’t end until the child is They don’t end until the child is

independentindependentMost Drs charge a lump sum that Most Drs charge a lump sum that

includes prenatal care, delivery, and includes prenatal care, delivery, and postnatal period – time after baby’s birthpostnatal period – time after baby’s birth

Hospitalization fee – extra charges for Hospitalization fee – extra charges for lab tests, medicines, epidurals, c-lab tests, medicines, epidurals, c-sections, any extra care needed for sections, any extra care needed for mother or babymother or baby

Maternity clothesMaternity clothesClothing, equipment, suppliesClothing, equipment, suppliesFormula and baby foodsFormula and baby foodsMedical care for babyMedical care for babyFurnishings for the baby’s roomFurnishings for the baby’s roomSafety equipmentSafety equipmentChild care servicesChild care services

Reducing expensesReducing expenses

Health insurance coverageHealth insurance coverage Covers most hospital/delivery costsCovers most hospital/delivery costs

Careful shoppingCareful shopping Sales, cloth diapers, breast feedSales, cloth diapers, breast feed

Make a budget – spending planMake a budget – spending plan Fixed expenses – items that can’t be changedFixed expenses – items that can’t be changed

Rent, mortgage, taxes, insurance, loansRent, mortgage, taxes, insurance, loans Flexible expenses – control over and can cut Flexible expenses – control over and can cut

backbackRecreation, clothing, food, Recreation, clothing, food,

Savings plan – Christian Ed, Car Savings plan – Christian Ed, Car

Section 3 – Childbirth ChoicesSection 3 – Childbirth ChoicesWhat is Prepared ChildbirthWhat is Prepared Childbirth

Prepared Birth – a method of giving Prepared Birth – a method of giving birth in which pain is reduced through birth in which pain is reduced through the elimination of fear and the use of the elimination of fear and the use of special conditioning exercisesspecial conditioning exercisesChild birth classesChild birth classesBradley/LamazeBradley/LamazeLearn what happens during labor – Learn what happens during labor –

process by which the baby gradually process by which the baby gradually moves out of the uterus into the vagina to moves out of the uterus into the vagina to be bornbe born

Learn about delivery – the birth itselfLearn about delivery – the birth itselfTake a tour of the hospitalTake a tour of the hospitalRelaxation techniques and breathingRelaxation techniques and breathingFather learns to coachFather learns to coach

Who will deliver the baby?Who will deliver the baby?

ObstetriciansObstetriciansDrs who specialize in prenatal and Drs who specialize in prenatal and

postnatal carepostnatal careQualified to handle any emergencies or Qualified to handle any emergencies or

special situationsspecial situationsHigh-risk pregnancyHigh-risk pregnancy

Family doctorsFamily doctors Deliver and provide prenatal and postnatal Deliver and provide prenatal and postnatal

carecare Made need to call OB if emergency arisesMade need to call OB if emergency arises

Licensed midwivesLicensed midwives Nurse-midwifeNurse-midwife

Registered nurse with advanced training in the care Registered nurse with advanced training in the care of normal, uncomplicated pregnancy and birthof normal, uncomplicated pregnancy and birth

Pass special licensing examPass special licensing exam Lay-midwifeLay-midwife

Person who has special training in the care of Person who has special training in the care of pregnant women and uncomplicated deliveries but pregnant women and uncomplicated deliveries but does not have a nursing degreedoes not have a nursing degree

Pass special licensing examPass special licensing exam

Where will baby be born?Where will baby be born?

Several programs the hospital offersSeveral programs the hospital offersChildbirth/parenting classesChildbirth/parenting classesBig brother/sister programsBig brother/sister programsClasses for fathersClasses for fathersBirthing roomsBirthing rooms

Homelike atmosphere for labor and birthHomelike atmosphere for labor and birthMedical equipment is out of sight, but ready Medical equipment is out of sight, but ready

for usefor useNo need to change roomsNo need to change rooms

Mothers choose position of laborMothers choose position of laborLye flat, walk, rock in a chair, birthing ball, Lye flat, walk, rock in a chair, birthing ball,

bath tubbath tubLights in delivery roomLights in delivery roomMother and baby stay togetherMother and baby stay together2-3 day stay2-3 day stay

Alternative birth centerAlternative birth centerHomelike facitility, sererate from any Homelike facitility, sererate from any

hospital, for giving birthhospital, for giving birthLicensed midwivesLicensed midwivesMother or baby can be transferred if Mother or baby can be transferred if

neededneededStay 24 hrsStay 24 hrs

Home deliveryHome deliveryVery low-risk pregnancyVery low-risk pregnancyAlways be ready for a transferAlways be ready for a transfer