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CCS achievements at TCMRelated to CHP
Managing Director Frank Ellingsen
CO2 history in Norway 1990-2020
2010 202020151995 2000 2005
Storage: Statoil Sleipner
R&D 1997:Klimatek
GASSNOVA SF The Norwegian state enterprise for carbon capture and storage, (2005)
TCM in operation Government ambition
full-scale CCS facility by 2020
Storage: Statoil, Snøhvit
R&D 2005 CLIMIT
CO2 tax offshore
1990
SHELL
This is TCM
Vision
• Develop and verify technologies owned by vendors
• Reduce cost and risks
• Knowledge sharing
• Develop the emerging market for CO2 capture technology
Gas Power Plant
Amine plant
Chilled Ammonia plant
Admin complex
Electricalsubstation
Utilities
Area for future development
Seawater
Catalytic cracker
Refinery
CHP (Powerplant)
• Test campaigns the Amine Plant
• Campaign-1 on CHP flue (3.5 % CO2)• Campaign-2 on RFCC flue (13-15 % CO2)• MEA campaig-3 on CHP flue (3.5 % CO2)• Campaign- 4 on CHP flue (3.5 % CO2)
Campaign 1. Amine Plant, CHP flue gas and S21 solvent
Target: Stable operation
• About 93% operability• CO2 capture rate about 90% • Emission about 0.2 ppm Amine
• Nitrosamines and nitramines below detection limit• Stable solvent with low degradation. Main degradation
products amines, amino acids with low volatility.• Very low concentration of solvent specific nitramines • Reclaiming showed low waste production(0,26 Kg/ton
CO2)
Dynamic operations of the amine plant – A test
The graph shows an example of tripping and starting the amine plant.– ability to go from zero to full speed in 1 - 1.5 hours after trip
• Testing the capture during dynamic transitions, replicating a fluctuating grid power consumptions
• Supporting growth of renewables
Campaign 2 RFCC gas (13.5 % CO2)
MIST generation
Preliminary conclusions:• SO3 and SO2 generate mist
Alternative solutions considered:• Reduce SO3 and SO2 by filters
• Process development
Operation of the Amine Plant
Campaign 3 MEA on CHP (3.5 % CO2)Campaign 4 New solvent (S26) on CHP (3.5 % CO2)- on going
Objectives of theMEA campaign - 3• Develop a dataset to chare
• Capture CO2 from CCGT power plant flue gas
• Create plant base line with 30% wt aqueous MEA.• Investigate the potential of high conc. MEA (up to
40% wt ) achieving about 85% CO2 capture
• Verify design capacity of the plant and specific functionalities
• Verify and improve process simulation model• Understand scale-up, performance and emissions
Baseline preliminary results: typical emission performance
MEA 0.02 ppmv (TCM DA lab)
NH3 10 ppmv (TCM DA lab)
Acetaldehyde 0.2 ppmv (third party lab)
Formaldehyde 0.1 ppmv (third party lab)
Total nitrosamines < 0.00008 mg/m3 (third party lab)
Total nitramines < 0.0002 mg/m3 (third party lab)
30% wt aqueous MEA base line run
MEA Campaign – 3Conclusions and way forward• 30% wt aqueous MEA base line established and
being verified by EPRI• 40% wt aqueous MEA base line established (not in
EPRI scope)• Plant operating window explored• Start up, shut down and transient operating
conditions tested and investigated• Low emissions during normal operation• Way forward: additional MEA campaign(s) necessary
to• Measure long term effects as degradation and
corrosion• Better understanding of scale-up• Test reclaiming• Test lean solvent vapor (LVC) compressor• Others to be defined
Test campaigns at the Chilled Ammonia Plant (CAP)
Campaign 1: Nov 2012 – April 2013Tests on RFCC flue gas. Need for process modification/improvement identified
Campaign 2: May 2013 – Sept 2013 Operation at CHP flue gas (3.5% CO2)Target: Stable operationOperability around 90%
Campaign 3: Nov 2013 – Aug 2014RFCC flue gas (13.5% CO2)New tests on low concentration flue gas
Alstom’s Chilled Ammonia Process
• TCM has demonstrated the Alstom CAP technology, and a successful and stable operations of more than 4000h (RFCC and CHP flue gas)
• No environmental or health risk• Very low emissions
The Chilled Ammonia CHP Campaign - 2
Operation experience confirmed• Low ammonia emission in the residual flue
gas to atm.: 1 to 3 ppmv
• Low ammonia concentration in the CO2 product: <10ppmv
• CO2 Capture rate: 85 to 90% (Reference period: 88% at 47 000 Sm3/h flue gas)
• Solvent is stable without any trace of degradation
• More than 1300 operating hours confirm:• Acceptable process stability• Flexibility and ability in handling
transient conditions
Operation experience confirmed• After flushing with water, a safe
maintenance/disassembling of equipment with ammonia solvent is performed with usual/suitable personal protection
• At low ambient temperature (under 0ºC), in case of leakage, the vaporization of ammonia from the solvent is very limited and may be not detected
• At higher temperatures, even small leakages are detected early by gas detectors or operator inspection
The Chilled Ammonia CHPCampaign -2
Operation lessons learned • Salt formation in gas phase: Heat tracing with temperature alarms are installed
in order to avoid salt formation in:• safety valves• critical pressure and level instrumentation• regenerator feed pump• Rich/Lean heat exchangers• Rich feed Tank vent line.
• Online analyzer for CO2 and NH3 in the flue gas are a challenge. The main causes are:• Instrumentation hardware and software complexity• Condensation of salts in gas phase• Accumulation of salts in piping/instrumentation when the liquid droplet
with salts entrained with the flue gas are dried by heat tracing.• Gas and liquid sampling and laboratory analyze are challenging due to salt
precipitations unstable and not visible
The Chilled Ammonia CHP - Campaign - 2
Welcome to Bergen and Mongstad;
…to share knowledge on carbon capture TCM launched the first International Test Centre Network to accelerate CCS technology development
• Sharing knowledge of developments, construction and operational experience
• Establishing benchmarks and performance indicators
• Promoting technology certification and standardization
..and be a part of TCM going ahead
To develop
• Large test facilities
• Utility/infrastructure and the available test area
TCM has proven its key role in reducing• Costs and risks
Thank you