Cloud ComputingCloud Computing

What is Cloud Computing?What is Cloud Computing?

• ““Cloud” is simply a metaphor Cloud” is simply a metaphor for the internetfor the internet

• Users do not have or need Users do not have or need knowledge, control, knowledge, control, ownership in the computer ownership in the computer infrastructureinfrastructure

• Users simply rent or access Users simply rent or access the software, paying only for the software, paying only for what they usewhat they use

• Simple Introduction to Cloud Computing

History of Cloud ComputingHistory of Cloud Computing

• Concept dating back to the 1960’s by John Concept dating back to the 1960’s by John McCarthy, a computer scientist, brought up the McCarthy, a computer scientist, brought up the idea that "computation may someday be idea that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility”organized as a public utility”

• Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing: Moving Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing: Moving from clustering computing to grid computingfrom clustering computing to grid computing– ClusteringClustering– GridGrid

• ““In some ways, the cloud is a natural next step from In some ways, the cloud is a natural next step from the grid-utility model,” said Frank Gens, an analyst at the grid-utility model,” said Frank Gens, an analyst at the research firm IDCthe research firm IDC

The “Super Computer” in The “Super Computer” in the Skythe Sky

• Two ways of building a “super computer” with Two ways of building a “super computer” with enough power that users can plug into according enough power that users can plug into according to their needs at a particular time:to their needs at a particular time:

– Blue Gene ApproachBlue Gene Approach– Google's ApproachGoogle's Approach

Early Leaders in the Early Leaders in the IndustryIndustry

• In 2007, Microsoft made available free software, In 2007, Microsoft made available free software, www.live.comwww.live.com that connects its Windows operating that connects its Windows operating system to software services delivered on the system to software services delivered on the InternetInternet

• Launched in July 2002, Amazon Web Services Launched in July 2002, Amazon Web Services provided online services for other web sites or provided online services for other web sites or client-side applicationsclient-side applications

• 3tera launched its AppLogic system in February, 3tera launched its AppLogic system in February, 20062006

• IBM’s system introduced in the mid 2000’s is called IBM’s system introduced in the mid 2000’s is called Blue CloudBlue Cloud

Potential Issues Potential Issues

• Data residency – time delay between data being Data residency – time delay between data being requested and deliveredrequested and delivered

• Security and confidentiality of data being stored Security and confidentiality of data being stored outside the companyoutside the company

• Business buy-in; convincing companies of the Business buy-in; convincing companies of the infrastructure and reliabilityinfrastructure and reliability

FunctionalityFunctionality• Cloud computing is an emerging technology that Cloud computing is an emerging technology that

is revolutionizing IT infrastructures and flexibility, is revolutionizing IT infrastructures and flexibility, and software as a service (SaaS)and software as a service (SaaS)

• During this economic time of recession, there are During this economic time of recession, there are huge cost-reduction pressures and cloud huge cost-reduction pressures and cloud computing allows businesses to do just that by computing allows businesses to do just that by tapping into cloud computing platforms on a pay-tapping into cloud computing platforms on a pay-as-you-go basisas-you-go basis

• Customer retention is vital, especially today in Customer retention is vital, especially today in our economy. our economy.

Functionality Functionality

• Software and applications are extremely costly. Software and applications are extremely costly. With cloud, you rent so the heavy investment is With cloud, you rent so the heavy investment is forgoneforgone

• Cloud computing is a set of technologies and Cloud computing is a set of technologies and business practices that enable companies of all business practices that enable companies of all sizes to build, deploy, monitor and scale sizes to build, deploy, monitor and scale applications using resources accessed over the applications using resources accessed over the internet internet

What Technologies is Cloud What Technologies is Cloud Computing ReplacingComputing Replacing

• Cloud computing is replacing large Corporate Cloud computing is replacing large Corporate Data Centers and unnecessary, expensive private Data Centers and unnecessary, expensive private server infrastructure.server infrastructure.

• Web 2.0, SaaS, Enterprise and government users Web 2.0, SaaS, Enterprise and government users are adopting cloud computing because it are adopting cloud computing because it eliminates capital investment in hardware and eliminates capital investment in hardware and facilities as well as reduces operations laborfacilities as well as reduces operations labor

Companies Leading in Companies Leading in Cloud ComputingCloud Computing

• ““Google 101”Google 101”– Network made up of millions of cheap servers, that would store Network made up of millions of cheap servers, that would store

staggering amounts of data, including numerous copies of the staggering amounts of data, including numerous copies of the world wide webworld wide web

– Makes search faster, helping ferret out answers to billions of Makes search faster, helping ferret out answers to billions of queries in a fraction of a secondqueries in a fraction of a second

• Google has invested more than $2 billion a year Google has invested more than $2 billion a year in data centers for cloud computing.in data centers for cloud computing.

• By far the leader in the technologyBy far the leader in the technology• Marissa Mayer, Vice President, Search Products & Marissa Mayer, Vice President, Search Products &

User Experience, talks about Google Clouds, its User Experience, talks about Google Clouds, its product, uncertainties and future expansions and product, uncertainties and future expansions and ideas ideas – Click here for video

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud “Amazon EC2”Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud “Amazon EC2”– web service interface that provides resizable computing web service interface that provides resizable computing

capacity in a cloud capacity in a cloud – designed to make web-scale computing easier for developersdesigned to make web-scale computing easier for developers– reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server space reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server space

from weeks to minutesfrom weeks to minutes– allows developers to pay only for capacity that they actually allows developers to pay only for capacity that they actually

useuse

• ““Azure”Azure”– Internet-scale cloud computing and services platform hosted in Internet-scale cloud computing and services platform hosted in

Microsoft data centersMicrosoft data centers– Provides a range of functionality to build applications that span Provides a range of functionality to build applications that span

from consumer web to enterprise scenarios from consumer web to enterprise scenarios – Designed to help developers quickly and easily create, deploy, Designed to help developers quickly and easily create, deploy,

manage, and distribute web services and applications on the manage, and distribute web services and applications on the internet. internet.

• Azure tutorial video

Scalable Pricing and Cloud Scalable Pricing and Cloud ComputingComputing

• Models of PricingModels of Pricing– FreeFree– Subscription ModelSubscription Model– Pay Per UsePay Per Use– Perpetual LicensePerpetual License– Enterprise Unlimited LicenseEnterprise Unlimited License

•Click here for an example of Amazon's Pricing

What do these Services What do these Services Offer an Organization?Offer an Organization?

• Cloud computing will lead to increase in Cloud computing will lead to increase in the following categories:the following categories:– VirtualizationVirtualization– UsabilityUsability– StandardizationStandardization– ScalabilityScalability

Cloud Computing UsageCloud Computing Usage

• Cloud Computing has 3 major uses:Cloud Computing has 3 major uses:– Infrastructure as a ServiceInfrastructure as a Service– Platform as a ServicePlatform as a Service– Software as a ServiceSoftware as a Service

Infrastructure as a ServiceInfrastructure as a Service

• Defined as delivery of computer infrastructure as Defined as delivery of computer infrastructure as a servicea service– Fully outsourced service so businesses do not have to Fully outsourced service so businesses do not have to

purchase servers, software or equipmentpurchase servers, software or equipment

• Infrastructure providers can dynamically allocate Infrastructure providers can dynamically allocate resources for service providersresources for service providers– Service providers offer this service to end usersService providers offer this service to end users– Allows cost savings for the service providers, since they do not Allows cost savings for the service providers, since they do not

need to operate their own datacenterneed to operate their own datacenter– Ad hoc systems allow quick customization to consumer Ad hoc systems allow quick customization to consumer

demandsdemands

Platform as a ServicePlatform as a Service

• Provides all the facilities necessary to support the Provides all the facilities necessary to support the complete process of building and delivering web complete process of building and delivering web applications and services, all available over the applications and services, all available over the internetinternet

• Infrastructure providers can transparently alter Infrastructure providers can transparently alter the platforms for their customers’ unique needsthe platforms for their customers’ unique needs

Software as a ServiceSoftware as a Service

• Defined as service-on-demand, where a provider Defined as service-on-demand, where a provider will license software tailored will license software tailored

• Infrastructure providers can allow customers’ to Infrastructure providers can allow customers’ to run applications off their infrastructure, but run applications off their infrastructure, but transparent to the end usertransparent to the end user– Customers can utilize greater computing power while Customers can utilize greater computing power while

saving on the followingsaving on the following– CostCost– SpaceSpace– Power ConsumptionPower Consumption– FacilityFacility

• To see how Salesforce and Google come together To see how Salesforce and Google come together watch herewatch here

Cloud Computing ProsCloud Computing Pros

• Reduced Hardware equipment for end users

• Improved Performance

• Lower Hardware and Software Maintenance

• Instant Software Updates

• Accessibility

• Less Expensive (Amazon example)

• Better Collaboration

• Pay for what you use

• Flexible

Cloud Computing ConsCloud Computing Cons

• Security Issues (#1 concern)

• Internet connection

• Too many platforms

• Location of Servers

• Time for Transition

• Speed

The Future of Cloud The Future of Cloud ComputingComputing

Cloud is in the Infancy StageCloud is in the Infancy Stage

• Many companies are only using cloud computing Many companies are only using cloud computing for small projects.for small projects.

• The trust hasn’t been acceptedThe trust hasn’t been accepted

• Details such as licensing, privacy, security, Details such as licensing, privacy, security, compliance and network monitoring need to be compliance and network monitoring need to be finalized for the trust to be realizedfinalized for the trust to be realized

Future Educational UsesFuture Educational Uses

• An expansion of Microsoft live@eduAn expansion of Microsoft live@edu– View VideoView Video

• More useful spending of technology budgetsMore useful spending of technology budgets

• Classroom collaborationClassroom collaboration– View an example from AirSet.com View an example from AirSet.com Take a quick tourTake a quick tour

• Office Web ApplicationsOffice Web Applications

• Google DocsGoogle Docs– View VideoView Video

Future Personal UsesFuture Personal Uses

• No more backing up files to thumb drives or No more backing up files to thumb drives or syncing computers togethersyncing computers together

• Services replace devicesServices replace devices

• A single hard drive for the rest of a person’s life, A single hard drive for the rest of a person’s life,

accessible anywhere with internetaccessible anywhere with internet

ExpansionExpansion

• Resources are expected to triple by 2012, from Resources are expected to triple by 2012, from $16 billion to $42 billion$16 billion to $42 billion

• Cloud computing is said to be the foundation of Cloud computing is said to be the foundation of the next 20 years of IT technologythe next 20 years of IT technology

RecommendationsRecommendations

• Too early for large companies to migrateToo early for large companies to migrate– Migrate after adequate development timeMigrate after adequate development time

• Good investment for small businessesGood investment for small businesses

• Personal use will become more prevalentPersonal use will become more prevalent