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Russell Cave NM
Stones River NB
L A K EE R I E
L A K E O N T A R I O
L A K E
HU
RO
N
LA
KE
MIC
HI G
AN
L A K E S U P E R I OR
L A K E O F T H E W O O D S
Vally Forge NHP
Delaware Water Gap NRA
G r e a t S a l t L a k e
Salinas Pueblo Missions NM
Alibates FlintQuarries NM
Abraham Lincoln Birthplace NHS
Harpers FerryNHP
Antietam NB
Fort Caroline NMEM
Parashant NM
Catoctin Mtn Park
Isle Royale NP
Glen CanyonNRA
Effigy Mounds NM
Texas
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NH
Mass.
Conn.
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RI
Yellowstone NP
Everglades NP
Glacier NP
Big Bend NP
Yosemite NP
Lake Mead NRA
Big Cypress NPRES
Sequoia NP
Kings Canyon NP
Great Smoky Mountains NP
Craters of the Moon NM & NPRES
Grand Teton NP Badlands NP
Capitol Reef NP
Mount Rainier NP
Zion NP
Biscayne NP
Dinosaur NM
Shenandoah NP
Crater Lake NP
Redwood NP
Buffalo NR
El Malpais NM
Arches NP
Channel Islands NP
Ross Lake NRA
Great Basin NP
Bighorn Canyon NRA
Dry Tortugas NP
Guadalupe Mountains NP
Big South Fork NRRA
New River Gorge NR
Point Reyes NS
Saint Croix NSR
Mammoth Cave NP
Olympic NP
Lava Beds NM
Carlsbad Caverns NP
Wupatki NM
Bryce Canyon
NP
Saguaro NP
Wind Cave NP
Timucuan Ecological and Historical Reserve
Lake Meredith NRA
Cumberland Island NS
Pinnacles NM
Theodore Roosevelt NP
Acadia NP
Ozark NSRCumberland Gap NHP
Chickasaw NRA
Fossil Butte NM
Cedar Breaks NM
Coronado NMEM
Colonial NHP
Obed WSR
Fort Pulaski NM
Bluestone NSR
Golden Gate NRA
Pea Ridge NMP
Canyonlands NP
Golden Spike NHS
Sunset Crater Volcano NM
Wilson's Creek NB
Apostle Islands NL
Tonto NM
Devils Tower NM
Jewel Cave NM
Lyndon B. Johnson NHS
Tuzigoot NM
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal NHP
Bandelier NM
Rocky Mountain NP
Fort Donelson NB
Montezuma Castle NM
Oregon Caves NM
San Juan Island NHP
Gila Cliff Dwellings NM
San Antonio Missions NHP
Timpanogos Cave NM
Fort Matanzas NM
Fort Sumter NM
Mojave NPRES
Natchez Trace Parkway
DeathValley NP
DeSoto N MEM
Canaveral NS
Castillo de San Marcos NM
Fort Frederica NM
Grand Canyon NP
Chickamauga & Chattanooga NMP
Amistad NRA
Nihau
Maui
Molokai
Hawai'i
Oahu
Kauai
P a c i f i c O c e a n
Hawaii Volcanoes NP
Haleakala NP
Kalaupapa NHP
Kaloko-Honokohau NHPPuuhonua O Honaunau NHP
B e r i n g S e a
G u l f o f A l a s k a
P a c i f i c O c e a n
Gates of the ArcticNP & PRES
Noatak NPRES
Bering Land Bridge NPRES
Yukon-Charley Rivers NPRES
Denali NP & PRES
Glacier BayNP & PRES
Kenai Fjords NP
Lake ClarkNP & PRES
KatmaiNP & PRES
Aniakchak NM & PRES
Wrangell-St. EliasNP & PRES
P a c i f i c O c e a n
American SamoaNational Park of American Samoa
Guam
P a c i f i c O c e a n
War in the Pacific NHP
Salt River BayNHP and Ecological
Preserve
Buck Island Reef NM
Virgin Islands NP
M E X I C OM E X I C O
C A N A D AC A N A D A
G u l f o f M e x i c o
P a c i f i c O c e a n
A t l a n t i c O c e a n
C A N A D AC A N A D A
0 300 600100 200 400 500 Miles
0 200 400100 Miles
0 50 10025 Miles
0 40 8020 Miles
ALASKA
PACIFIC WEST ISLANDS
PUERTO RICO/ VIRGIN ISLANDS
R U S S I AR U S S I A
Hawai'i
National BattlefieldNational Battlefield ParkNational Battlefield SiteNational Historic AreaNational Historical ParkNational Historical Park and PreserveNational Historical ReserveNational Historic SiteNational Historic LakeshoreNational MonumentNational Monument and PreserveNational Military ParkNational MemorialNational ParkNational Park and PreserveNational PreserveNational RiverNational Recreation AreaNational Recreational RiverNational River and Recreation AreaNational ReserveNational SeashoreNational Scenic River/RiverwayParkwayScenic and Recreational RiverWild RiverWild and Scenic River
NBNBPNBSNHANHPNHP & PRESNH RESNHSNLNMNM & PRESNMPNMEMNPNP & PRESNPRESNRNRANRRNRRANRESNSNSRPKWYSRRWRWSR
Park Unit with Caves and/or KarstInterstate Highways
rivers
National Park Service UnitsUSGS Karst Map (2004)*
carbonategypsumvolcanicerosional
0 100 20050 Kilometers
0 200 400 600100 Kilometers
0 200 400 600 800 1000100 300 500 700 900 Kilometers
0 50 10025 Kilometers
*Bret D. Tobin and David J. Weary. 2004. Digital Engineering Aspects of Karst Map : A GIS version of Davies, W.E., Simpson, J.H., Ohlmacher, G.C., Kirk, W.S., and Newton, E.G., 1984, Engineering aspects of karst: U.S. Geological Survey, National Atlas of the United States of America, scale 1:7,5000. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1352 http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1352/
National Park Service U.S. Department of the InteriorCaves and Karst in the U.S. National Park Service
Nationwide
For further information see http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/caves/
Photographs from your National Parks!
Longest Caves in the NPSRank in
the worldCave Name (Park)
Cave Length (miles - km)
Cave Depth (ft - m)
#1 Mammoth Cave System (Mammoth Cave NP) 367.0 - 590.6 379.0 - 115.5
#2 Jewel Cave (Jewel Cave NM) 146.18 - 235.3 632.0 - 192.6
#4 Wind Cave (Wind Cave NP) 132.1 - 212.5 646.0 - 196.9
#5 Lechuguilla Cave (Carlsbad Caverns NP) 126.5 - 203.6 1604.0 - 488.9
#30 Kazumura Cave (Hawaii Volcanoes NP) 40.7 - 65.5 3614.0 - 1101.5
#65 Carlsbad Caverns (Carlsbad Caverns NP) 27.5 - 44.3 1035.0 - 315.5
#100 Lilburn Cave (Sequoia/Kings Canyon NP) 20.8 - 33.5 508.0 - 154.8
#129 Fitton Cave (Buffalo NR) 17.5 - 28.2 no data
#175 Gap Cave System (Cumberland Gap NHP) 14.5 - 23.4 484.0 - 147.5
lengths are from the World’s Longest Caves Website (http://www.caverbob.com/wlong.htm)lengths are from the World’s Longest Caves Website (http://www.caverbob.com/wlong.htm)lengths are from the World’s Longest Caves Website (http://www.caverbob.com/wlong.htm)
NPS/G
RD
Panther Cave is just one of the limestone shelters boaters can access in Amistad National Recreation Area to see 4,000 year old rock art.
NPS/JC
HIS
Painted Cave, in Channel Island National Park, is thought to
be the largest sea cave in the world with a 160’ high entrance
and a length over 1,000 feet.
NPS/PA
RA
This millipede is only one of three new genera and 15 new species of
invertebrates discovered in the caves within Grand Canyon-Parashant Na-
tional Monument.
NPS/LA
BE
Lava Beds NM is studying perennial ice in its lava tube
systems in order to assess the effects of climate change, how
continued decline impacts cave ecology, and whether ice contains climatic data or
dateable materials.
NPS/ELM
A
The entrance of Dinty Moore Cave, one of over 250 lava caves within El
Malpais National Monument.
NPS/C
HO
H
Though less known for their karst resources, Chesapeake and Ohio
Canal NHP is home to Myotis soda-lis, more commonly known as the
Indiana Bat.
NPS/Y
OSE
Although Yosemite National Park is mostly made up of
granitic rocks, small outcrop-pings of marble contain com-plex caves with underground
streams.
NPS/TIC
A
Timpanogos Cave NM features three alpine caves with abundant delicate formations in an
array of colors.
NPS/C
RMO
Most caves at Craters of the Moon National Monument are lava tubes but deep rift caves also occur and may contain ice formations.
Fitton (Beauty) Cave, the longest cave in Arkansas is one of more than 360
documented caves at Buffalo National River.
NPS/BU
FF
NPS/W
RST
Amazing ice formations in Whispering Cave, Wrangell-St.Elias National Park
and Preserve.
NPS/W
ICA
As the world’s 4th longest known cave at 212km, Wind Cave is
known for its maze-like passages and boxwork speleothems.
People have been an important part of the Mammoth Cave story for the last 4000 years -- from prehistoric explorers to Nineteenth Century miners and tourists to modern visitors and researchers.
NPS/G
ARY
C. BERD
EAU
x
NPS/G
EORG
IA H
YBELS
Sea caves provide habitat for several species in Acadia National Park. The genetic diversity of sea
anemones is being studied in Anemone Cave.
NPS/SC
OTT
HO
USE
Ozark National Scenic Riverways has the largest concentration of 1st magnitude springs in the world.
NPS/G
RD
In Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument, caves and rock shelters in the conglomerate cliffs were used by the Mogollon people in
the 13th century to build dwellings.
NPS/G
RDN
PS/GRD
Weathering and erosion have carved caves and shelters out of the Navajo Sandstone in
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area.
NPS/A
ND
REA C
ROSK
REY
Sinkhole in Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield.
NPS/G
RD
Suzy’s Cave, in Isle Royal National Park, was carved out by wave action from ancient Lake
Halloran, 40-60 feet higher than the current lake level.
NPS/G
RD
The caves at Oregan Caves National Monu-ment are formed in a marble outcrop locat-
ed in the Siskiyou Range.
CIV
ILIAN
CO
NSERVA
TION
C.
Rampart Cave in Grand Canyon National Park preserved one of the
thickest and least disturbed deposits of sloth dung in the world, dating to
at least 11,200 years old.
NPS/SEK
I
The cave resources at Sequoia and Kings Canyon NPs alone would war-Kings Canyon NPs alone would war-Kings Canyon NPs alone would warrant National Park status. Formed in marble, the more than 260 known
caves are home to unique biological and geological resources.
NPS/G
RBA
Great Basin NP’s endemic pseu-doscorpion, Microcreagris grandis,
eating an ant in Lehman Cave. Bio-inventories have discovered nine cave endemic species in the park.
NPS/A
RT PALM
ER PA
LMER
P
The calcite crystals for which Jewel Cave was named create a backdrop
for dripstone formations in the world’s second-longest cave.
NPS/G
AV
IN N
EWM
AN
Lechuguilla Cave was dissolved by extremely aggressive sulfuric acid. This unique chemical environment resulted
in strange, yet beautiful formations such as these 5 meter long gypsum chandeliers.
Contact Information for this Program:DALE PATE PATE PActing Cave & Karst Program Coordinator3225 NATIONAL PARKS PARKS P HWYCARLSBAD, NEW MExICO 88220
PH 575-785-3107FAx [email protected]
CAvAvA E AND KARST PROGRAMGeologic Resources DivisionNational Resource Program Center
National Park ServiceP.O. BOx 25287DENVER, COLORADO 80225