CAV 100CAV 100

The Solar SystemThe Solar System

The SunThe Sun

99% of solar system’s mass99% of solar system’s mass Sunspots-11 year cycleSunspots-11 year cycle FlaresFlares Parts of Sun-Parts of Sun- Photosphere-discPhotosphere-disc Chromosphere-interfaceChromosphere-interface Corona-solar atmosphereCorona-solar atmosphere

Smaller space Smaller space wandererswanderers AsteroidsAsteroids CometsComets

Head-nucleus or core-frozen Head-nucleus or core-frozen water & dustwater & dust

ComaComa TailTail

MeteoroidsMeteoroids

Classifications ofClassifications of Meteoroid-in spaceMeteoroid-in space Meteor- in atmosphereMeteor- in atmosphere Meteorite-on EarthMeteorite-on Earth

Units of measurementUnits of measurement

Astronomical unit-average Astronomical unit-average distance between sun and earth- distance between sun and earth- AU- 93,000,000 milesAU- 93,000,000 miles

Light year –distance light travels Light year –distance light travels in a yearin a year

Speed of light- 186,284 MPSSpeed of light- 186,284 MPS Total over 5 trillion milesTotal over 5 trillion miles

Beyond the solar Beyond the solar systemsystem Galaxy of the Milky WayGalaxy of the Milky Way One revolution every 200 million One revolution every 200 million

yearsyears Sun’s speed-140 miles per secondSun’s speed-140 miles per second Composition of GalaxyComposition of Galaxy Stars-over 200 billion starsStars-over 200 billion stars Gas-clouds of hydrogenGas-clouds of hydrogen DustDust

Properties of StarsProperties of Stars

3000 – 80,000 C3000 – 80,000 C Red-cool starRed-cool star White- hot starWhite- hot star Blue-white-hottest starBlue-white-hottest star Stars powered by nuclear fusion-Stars powered by nuclear fusion-

converts hydrogen into heliumconverts hydrogen into helium

Dimensions of the Dimensions of the Milky WayMilky Way Spiral shapedSpiral shaped Width-100,000 light years acrossWidth-100,000 light years across Thickness at center-30,000 light Thickness at center-30,000 light

yearsyears

Other galaxiesOther galaxies

Andromeda-M-31 two million light Andromeda-M-31 two million light years awayyears away

Discovery published by Edwin Discovery published by Edwin Hubble in 1923Hubble in 1923

Spiral shapedSpiral shaped Width- 100,000 light yearsWidth- 100,000 light years Billions of starsBillions of stars Local group- 20 galaxiesLocal group- 20 galaxies

QuasarsQuasars

Quasi-stellar objectsQuasi-stellar objects Most distant yet discoveredMost distant yet discovered Light emissions varyLight emissions vary