Catia Part Design Book 1

CATIA Part Design & Sketcher CATIA® V5R6

Table of Contents, Page i© Wichita State University

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Manual Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Log on/off procedures for Windows NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

To log on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4To logoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

CATIA Version 5 Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Part Design Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Pull-down Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Insert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Bottom Toolbar in Part Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Part Design Workbench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Sketcher Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Sketcher changes to bottom toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Sketcher Workbench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Working with Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Creating a new document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Opening an existing document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Saving a document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Closing a document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Basic Sketcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Basic Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Creating a new part with a new sketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Saving and closing the part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Oriented Rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Parallelogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Elongated Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Elongated Curved Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Keyhole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Hexagon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Circle through 3 points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Circle with Cartesian coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Circle tangent to 3 elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Arc through 3 points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Arc through 3 points using limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Arc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Spline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Connect Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

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Table of Contents, Page ii ©Wichita State University

Ellipse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Parabola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Hyperbola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Conic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Unlimited Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Bi-tangent Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Bisect Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Point using coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Equidistant points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Intersection Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Projection Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Dimensional Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Geometrical Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Modifications to profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Chamfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Trim and Break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Hide/Show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Basic Part Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Basic Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Pocket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Multiple Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Groove . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Rib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Stiffener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Modifications to Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Fillet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Chamfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Draft Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Shell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191Thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193Modifying values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Interfacing with Sketcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Advanced Sketcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2053-D Elements on Sketch Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205Construction Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210Advanced Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215Sketch Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223The document is for study only,if any tort to your rights,Please inform us,we will delete it

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Table of Contents, Page iii© Wichita State University

Sketch Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Advanced Part Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237Part Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242Modifying Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253Inserting Bodies and Boolean Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Inserting Part Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266Boolean operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Part Design Lofts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271Part Design Using Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273Applying Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277Reference Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

Offset from plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279Parallel through point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280Angle/Normal to plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281Through three points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281Through two lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282Through point and line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283Through planar curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283Normal to curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284Tangent to surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285Mean through points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287Problem #1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287Problem #2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288Problem #3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289Problem #4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290Problem #5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291Problem #6.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292Problem #7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294Problem #8.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Problem #9.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296Problem #10.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297Problem #11.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298Problem #12.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299Problem #13.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300Problem #14.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301Problem #15.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302Problem #16.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303Problem #17.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304Problem #18.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305Problem #19.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306Problem #20.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307Problem #21.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308Problem #22.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309Problem #23.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310The document is for study only,if any tort to your rights,Please inform us,we will delete it

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Table of Contents, Page iv ©Wichita State University

Problem #24.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311Problem #25.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312Problem #26.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313Problem #27.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Customize - Start Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Customize - User Workbenches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316Customize - Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316Customize - Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317Customize - Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319General - Display - Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319General - Display - Visualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320General - Parameters - Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321General - Parameters - Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322Mechanical Design - Part Design - General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323Mechanical Design - Part Design - Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324Mechanical Design - Sketcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327Material Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327Fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328Metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330Stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

Applying a material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333Properties of a material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Rendering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335Feature Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336Drafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336



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Introduction, Page 1© Wichita State University

Introduction

CATIA Version 5 Part Design and Sketcher

Upon completion of this course the student should have a full understanding of thefollowing topics:

- Creating sketches

- Constraining sketches

- Modifying sketches

- Creating parts

- Modifying parts

- Performing boolean operations on parts

- Basic use of surfaces in part design

- Applying materials to parts



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Introduction, Page 2 ©Wichita State University

Manual Format

It is important to understand the format of the manual in order to use it most effectively. This manual is designed to be used along with an instructor; however, you will need to do alot of reading as well, in order to fully understand CATIA Version 5. The exercises in thisbook will list steps for you to complete, along with explanations that try to inform you whatyou have just done and what you are getting ready to do. The actual steps are in bold typeand the information that follows the steps is for your benefit. Anything that appears initalics refers to a message CATIA provides—this includes information in pull-down menus,pop-up windows and other messages. Bold type is also used to call your attention to keyterms you may not yet be familiar with.

An example of a step and its explanation is shown below (note: normally the lines will notbe there):

Select a location to the r ight of the or igin. This specifies the other end point of the line. You will continue specifying locations in order to complete your profile. It should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

As you can see, the desired action blends in with the text except that it appears in bold. The information following the step explains what that step accomplished and where you aregoing next. It is important for you to read this information to help in your understanding ofCATIA Version 5.

Also, you will find that the exercises build upon themselves. Later exercises often assumeyou know how to do certain steps which have been covered in earlier exercises. If you didnot quite pick up what you needed to know from an exercise, you will probably wish toreview it several times before moving on to the more advanced sections. As you progressthrough the manual, it expects that you are learning and therefore you are able to do a lotmore with fewer steps. Eventually, you are expected to be able to create parts without anysteps.



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Part Design & Sketcher

CATIA Version 5 uses the Sketcher as its principal method to create profiles. Theseprofiles can be constrained using many different types of constraints. The first objective ofthe course is to learn to use the Sketcher and constrain your profiles to the desiredspecifications. If you have used the Dynamic Sketcher from CATIA Version 4, this willlook very similar. Otherwise it is a new environment and it can be frustrating at first,especially if you already know CATIA Version 4. However, in time you will find that it is avery powerful method for creating profiles, and is easy to use.

The second objective of the course is to use these sketches in part design. The sketches areused to define the two-dimensional cross-sections to be used to design three-dimensionalshapes. There are a few different shapes that can be made as well as various operations thatcan be performed on them. By combining these shapes and operations, you can design avariety of parts.

The third objective of the course is to familiarize you with the advanced methods of creatingsketches and parts. This includes using construction geometry and projecting three-dimensional geometry to the sketch plane. This will include the use of formulas to set uptypical values at multiple locations as well as more complex formulas to provide a moredynamic sketch. In terms of part design, you will learn how to use multiple parts andperform boolean operations on them.

The fourth objective is to become efficient at modifying your designs. You can modify yourdesign either by changing the parameters of a part operation or by modifying the sketch thatwas used. In CATIA Version 5 this is fairly simple, and the modification of your design isthe real strength of part design.

The fifth objective is to introduce the use of wireframe and sur faces in the part designprocess as well as applying various materials to your design. This is meant only to be anintroduction and not a complete course on these subjects.

In conclusion: You should be able to design many parts using the Sketcher and the PartDesign workbenches of CATIA in an efficient manner. As mentioned before, you may findit frustrating at first but very natural by the end of the course.



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Log on/off procedures for Windows NT

To log on:

The monitor screen should have a gray box displayed with Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete to logon.

Hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys and press Delete.

Select the User name box. This will allow you to type in your user name in the spaceprovided.

Type in your user name (do not press Enter). This is the user name that was provided toyou at the beginning of class.

Select the Password box. This will allow you to type in your password in the spaceprovided.

Type in your user password (do not press Enter). This is the password that was providedto you at the beginning of class.

Select the Domain box. This allows you to choose which domain you wish to log into.

Select CADLAB. The domain CADLAB is the proper domain for your user.

The Logon Information box should look similar to the one above except with your username and your password.



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Select OK. When you select OK with your mouse, you are telling the computer that theinformation that is in the Logon Information box is correct and you are ready to log in. Iffor some reason it can not log you in, you need to verify that you typed in the correctinformation.

Once you are logged into the system then you should see a CATIA icon on your screen.

Double-click on the CATIA icon. This will run CATIA.

To logoff:

Select the pull-down menu File.

Select Exit. This will exit you from CATIA; you will still need to log off the system.

Hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys and press Delete. The Windows NT Security box shouldappear.

Select Logoff... A new box will appear, allowing you to cancel the logoff in case you everhappen to select that option by mistake. (This isn’ t terribly likely to happen.)

Select OK. This will log you off the system.



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CATIA Version 5 Screen

This is how CATIA Version 5 looks when you first run it. There are various areas of thescreen which need to be pointed out.

A This is your specification tree. Currently it has an entity referred to as a product. You will be working with parts in this class so this will change to be a part and asyou perform different actions the tree will reflect those actions.

B The pull-down menus are used for a variety of different tasks. These will bediscussed in detail later in the book.

C The Welcome to CATIA V5 window allows you to change to different workbenchesthat are available. In this class, you will primarily be using the Part Designworkbench.

D The bottom row of icons, or toolbar , contains various icons that will allow differentactions to be performed. These will be discussed in detail later in the book.

E The current workbench is the Product Structure workbench. The currentworkbench can be switched to a different one by using the appropriate icon on theworkbench.

The workbenches and the toolbar are customizable. However, this book will assume thatthey are in their original location. If you change the positions of the icons, you will beresponsible for knowing where you put them.



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Part Design Screen

This is how the Part Design screen normally looks when you first start a new part. Noticethat the pull-down menus remain the same. However the workbench on the side changes tothe Part Design workbench and the bottom row of icons has some additional icons.

A The xy plane, yz plane and zx plane are represented in the specification tree forevery part that you create. These are the standard planes that CATIA uses.

B Notice the definition for your first partbody is also located in the specification treewhen you begin a new part.

C These are the actual planes that are represented in the specification tree. You willnormally use these to help design your part.

D This is the 3D compass and it has three separate parts. The letters X, Y and Zrepresent the axes. The Z axis is the default orientation. It has a free rotation handle,a compass manipulation handle and a privileged plane. The point close to the Z axisis the free rotation handle. The red square is the compass manipulation handle. TheXY plane is the privileged plane which is located at the base of the compass. Thishas various options throughout CATIA, however in this class you will primarily beusing it as another method of rotating your part around.

E This axis represents the true rotation of the part. The compass, by contrast, can beattached to actual objects.



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Pull-down Menus

File

New Creates a new analysis, drawing, part or product

New from Creates a new document based on an existing one

Open Opens an existing document

Close Closes the current document

Save Saves the current document with the same name

Save As Saves the current document with a name you specify

Save All Saves all documents that are currently opened

Save All As Saves all documents that are currently opened with a name you specify

Print Prints the current document

Desk Allows you to view the relationships between documents

Send To Allows you to send CATIA data to an e-mail or another directory

Exit Exits CATIA

The other documents listed there are the most recent documents that were opened. Thisallows you to open them again quickly.



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Edit

Undo Undoes the last option. You can undo multiple options in a row.

Repeat Redoes the last undo option. You can redo multiple options in a row.

Update Updates your document with changes

Cut Cuts the selected objects from the document

Copy Copies the selected objects

Paste Pastes the previously cut or copied objects in the document

Paste Special Gives additional options to the paste

Delete Deletes selected objects

Search Searches your document for certain objects

Selection Sets Adds or deletes objects from a selection set or creates one

Define Selection Set Takes preselected geometry and stores it in a selection set

Links Edits document links

Properties Displays and edits graphic properties

Scan or Define in Work Object Defines the current work object and allows you to scanthrough the part



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View

Toolbars Allows you to view or hide toolbars. You can also customize a toolbar.

Geometry Toggles between seeing and not seeing geometric elements, alsoknown as geometry

Specification Toggles between seeing and not seeing the specification tree



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Compass Toggles between seeing and not seeing the compass

Reset Compass Resets the compass to its original location if moved

Tree Expansion Allows you to expand or collapse thelevels in your specification tree.

Specifications Overview Gives an overview window of the specification tree allowingyou to zoom in on areas of the tree

Geometry Overview Gives an overview window of the geometry in your document,allowing you to zoom in on an area of the geometry

Fit All In Zooms the display so as to make all the geometry fit on the screen

Zoom Area Zooms in on an area that you specify

Zoom In Out Zooms in or out on your part by using the left mouse button to dragup or down

Pan Drags the display of your part around with the left mouse button

Rotate Rotates the display of your part around with the left mouse button

Modify This allows you to look at your geometry in a varietyof ways. You can Zoom In or Zoom Out. You canspecify a plane and look normal to the plane with theNormal View. You can simulate what it looks like asyou turn your head right or left using Turn Head. Itwill also let you Fly Through or Walk Through yourdesign. The Accelerate and Decelerate options controlhow fast you fly or walk. The Previous view and Nextview options allow you to page through the differentviews that you have defined with the other options. The Look At option allows you to specify the directionyou want to look at your part.

Named Views Retrieves different views and it allows you to add new views forretrieval at a later time.



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Render Style The different render styles control how theparts will be displayed. You can customizeyour own type of render style using theCustomize View option. You can also viewyour part either in Perspective or in Parallel. In parallel mode, the part is shown with everydimension exactly to scale; in perspectivemode, the area of your part that is closer to thescreen appears larger than the area that isfarther away. This only affects your partvisually, not geometrically.

Navigation Mode Switches between Examine, Walk and Flymodes.

Lighting Varies ambient lighting effects

Depth Effect Clips geometry between clipping planes

Ground Visually inserts a plane at ground level

Magnifier Creates a zoomed in view of your part in a separate window

Hide/Show Hides or shows geometry. The Swap visiblespace option will toggle between the hiddenside and the show side.

Full Screen Shows your geometry using the full screen, with no menus ortoolbars. To turn off full screen mode, use the right mouse button.



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Insert

Object Inserts an object such as a spreadsheet or a word processingdocument

Body Inserts a new body in to your part

Annotations Inserts annotations in to your part, same as Part Designoptions

Constraints Inserts constraints, same as the Sketcher options

Sketcher Runs the Sketcher, same as the Sketcher icon in Part Design

Axis System Defines a new axis system

Sketch-Based Features Inserts various Sketcher features, same as the Sketcheroptions

Dress-Up Features Inserts fillets, chamfers, etc., same as the Part Design options

Surface-Based Features Inserts various features using surfaces, same as the PartDesign options

Transformation Features Inserts various transformation features, same as the PartDesign options

Boolean Operations Inserts boolean operations between part bodies

Advanced Replication Tools Allows you to create and store features



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Tools

Formula Allows you to apply formulas to your part

Image Capture allows you to capture images off of the screeninto various formats such as TIFF, JPEG, PNG orBMP. The Album option is where the captured imagesgo by default. This option will allow you to accessthem. The Video option allows you to record what youare doing and replay it.

Macro Records, edits and runs macros

Parent/Children Shows the relationships between components of the part

Customize Customizes the toolbars, more information in Appendix A



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Visualization Filters Allows you to create and apply filters

Options Customizes settings, more information in Appendix B

Conferencing Tools available for conferencing a CATIA session



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Window

New Window Creates a new window

Tile Horizontally Tiles your windows horizontally so they do not overlap

Tile Vertically Tiles your windows vertically so they do not overlap

Cascade Cascades your windows so they overlap but you can still see the topand left side of each window

The other windows listed are the windows that are currently opened. You can switchwindows by selecting from the list.



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Help

CATIA V5 Help Gets contextual help

CATIA User Companion Activates the user companion if available

Contents, Index and Search Allows you to search the online help

What’s This? Allows you to select an option to get information about it

User Galaxy Goes to Dassault Systèmes user galaxy

About CATIA V5 Displays copyright information



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Bottom Toolbar in Part Design

Creates a new part

Open an existing part

Saves the current part

Prints the current part

Cuts the selected objects

Copies the selected objects

Pastes what’s been copied or cut

Undoes the last action

Redoes the last undo

Gets help on a selected item

Generates a formula

Generates a table

Knowledge inspector

Goes to fly mode

Fits all of the geometry in window

Pans the display window

Rotates the geometry

Zooms in

Zooms out

Positions view normal to a plane

Changes view

Changes render style

Hides/shows elements

Swaps visible space

Applies material to a part

Measures between two items

Measures an item

Measures inertial properties

Updates a part

Creates an axis system

Tolerancing

Creates a datum

Opens a catalog

Change current body

Performs a draft analysis

Performs a curvature analysis



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Part Design Workbench

Changes workbenches

Selects geometry

Goes to Sketcher

Creates a pad

Creates a pocket

Creates a shaft

Creates a groove

Creates a hole

Creates a rib

Creates a slot

Creates a stiffener

Creates a loft

Removes a loft

Fillets with a constant radius

Fillets with a variable radius

Fillets between faces

Fillets using a tri-tangent

Chamfers a corner

Creates a draft angle

Draft reflect

Shells out a side

Adds thickness to a side

Creates thread notation

Adds thickness to a surface

Splits an object

Closes a surface

Sews a surface into a part

Translates an object

Rotates an object

Symmetries an object

Mirrors an object

Generates a rectangular grid

Generates a circular grid

Generates a user-defined grid

Scales an object

Creates constraints by dialog

Creates a constraint

Creates text with a leader

Creates a flag note



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Sketcher Screen

This is how the Sketcher screen normally looks when you first start a new sketch. Noticethat the pull-down menus remain the same. However, the workbench on the side changes tothe Sketcher workbench, and the toolbar at the bottom has some changes.

Also notice the grid that appears when you are in Sketcher. This grid can be turned on andoff using the pull-down menu Tools/Options. This grid will be discussed in more detaillater in this book.



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Sketcher changes to bottom toolbar

When you go to the Sketcher, most of the icons in the bottom toolbar remain. A few newones also appear:

Cuts part by sketch plane. This is helpful when you need to use an edge of the cross-section to define a constraint.

Toggles between snapping to a point of the grid or not snapping. In the Sketcherthere is a grid defined in the default settings. This grid can be modified using thepull-down menus. If this icon is highlighted then when you sketch, your selectionswill snap to a point on the grid. If you do not have this icon selected then you canselect anywhere in the sketch to define a point for your sketch.

Toggles between creating standard geometry and construction geometry. Whensketching, there are times when you just want to create some geometry to use for theconstruction of other geometry—you do not want it to be an actual part of yoursketch in Part Design. If this icon is highlighted, the geometry you create will justbe construction geometry, and will not be part of your sketch in Part Design. If youdo not have this icon selected, you will be creating standard geometry that will beused in Part Design.

Toggles between automatically generating geometr ic constraints or not. If it ishighlighted, CATIA will automatically generate geometric constraints as you sketchyour profile. If it is not highlighted, geometric constraints will not automaticallyappear.

Toggles between automatically generating dimension constraints or not. If it ishighlighted, CATIA will automatically generate dimension constraints as you sketchyour profile. If it is not highlighted, dimensional constraints will not automaticallyappear.



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Sketcher Workbench

Changes workbenches

Selects geometry

Exits Sketcher

Creates constraints by dialog

Creates a constraint

Creates constraints automatically

Animates constraints

Creates a user-defined profile

Creates a rectangle

Creates an oriented rectangle

Creates a parallelogram

Creates an elongated slot

Creates an elongated curved slot

Creates a keyhole

Creates a hexagon

Creates a circle

Creates a circle through 3 points

Creates a circle using coordinates

Creates a circle tangent to 3elements

Creates an arc through 3 points

Creates an arc through 3 pointsusing limits

Creates an arc

Creates a spline

Creates a connect curve

Creates an ellipse

Creates a parabola

Creates a hyperbola

Creates a conic

Creates a line

Creates an unlimited line

Creates a bitangent line

Creates a bisect line

Creates an axis

Creates a point

Creates a point using coordinates

Creates equidistant points

Creates an intersection point

Creates a projected point

Creates rounded corners

Chamfers elements

Trims elements

Breaks elements

Quick trim

Closes elements



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Symmetries elements

Translates elements

Rotates elements

Scales elements

Offsets elements

Projects 3D geometry onto thesketch plane

Intersects 3D geometry with thesketch plane

Projects canonical edges onto thesketch plane



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Working with Documents

It is important for you to understand how to work with the documents and especially how tosave them in order to be productive using CATIA Version 5.

Creating a new document

This allows you to start a new document. For this class you will normally start a Partdocument. This does not close any documents that are already opened, it only creates a newwindow with the document.

Select the new icon in the bottom toolbar . This allows you to create a newdocument. The document that will be created depends on the selection you make, either ananalysis, drawing, part, product or other. You see that there are many different types ofdocuments that you can create in CATIA.

Select Part.

Select OK. This will create a new part.



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Opening an existing document

This allows you to open a document that has been previously saved. This does not close anydocuments that are already opened, it only opens a new window with the document.

Select the open icon in the bottom toolbar . This allows you to open an existingdocument. A File Selection window should appear.

This allows you to specify the folder that you want to look in and then specify the file ordocument that you want to open.

Find the document that you want to open and select it. You can either open a documentby selecting it and then selecting Open or you can just double-click on the file and it willautomatically open. This step assumes that you just selected the file not double-clicked onit. The name of the document should appear in the File name box.

Select Open. This should open the document.



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Saving a document

This allows you to save a document that you currently have opened.

Select the save icon in the bottom toolbar . This will allow you to save thedocument with the current name. If this is the first time you saved this document then itwill automatically open a Save As window allowing you to specify a name for the document. Otherwise it will just save the document with the same name it already has.

If you want to save a document with a different name, you have to use the Save As option inthe pull-down menu File.


Select Save As. A Save As window should appear. You will need to specify which folderyou want to save the document into and the name of the document.

Choose the correct folder and then enter the file name in the File name box.

Select the Save button. Alternatively, you may press Enter. The document should savewith the new name.



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Closing a document

This allows you to close a document that is currently open with or without saving. If thedocument has not been saved, CATIA will ask you whether or not you want to save it.


Select Close. If the document has already been saved and has not been modified, CATIAwill close the current document. If the document has been modified and not saved, CATIAwill open the Close window.

If you want to save the changes then press Yes. If the document has previously been saved,it will be saved again under the same name; otherwise, the Save As window will appear. Ifyou do not want to save the changes, press No. To return to the document rather thanclosing it, select the Cancel button.



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This page is intentionally left blank.



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Basic Shapes, Page 29© Wichita State University

Basic Sketcher

This section will cover the basic use of the Sketcher to create profiles for the Part Designpackage. This section will consist of four parts: basic shapes, profiles, constraints andmodifications to profiles.

It is assumed that you have the default icons selected in the bottom toolbar. This includesthe snap-to-grid icon, the geometrical constraint icon and the dimensional constraint icon. These and the other options in the bottom toolbar will be discussed in more detail later inthe manual.

The pictures in this manual are shown without a grid; this is to make them easier to see. When you are sketching, though, you will have a grid by default. If you want to turn thegrid off, you can use the pull-down menus.

Basic Shapes

This part will discuss the various shapes that can be created in the Sketcher using the iconson the Sketcher workbench. The purpose of this group of exercises is to introduce how touse those icons and generate the basic shapes. The usefulness of these shapes depend on theprofile you are trying to create. Therefore you should just concentrate on what each iconallows you do and the corresponding shape it creates. Later in the class you will learn howto put everything together to generate your parts.

The following exercises assume that you are in a new sketch. The first page shows you thenecessary steps to begin a new model and start a new sketch on a particular plane. Afterthat if you need help you will have to refer back to that page.

Note: It may not be necessary to do all of the following exercises step by step. If you feelcomfortable with the material then you can create all of the basic shapes on one sketch. Ifyou struggle or would like more information then you can consult the individual exercise forthat shape.



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Basic Shapes, Page 30 ©Wichita State University

Creating a new part with a new sketch

Select the new icon in the bottom toolbar . This creates a new document. There aremany types of documents possible, so next you will choose which type you want.

Select Part.

Select OK. This will create a new part.

Select the Sketcher icon. This will activate the Sketcher, but first CATIA needs toknow which plane you wish to use for your sketch.

Select the yz plane. You can either select the yz plane symbol in the center of your screenor you can select the yz plane name in the specification tree. By selecting this plane you aretelling the computer that you want to sketch a profile in that plane. CATIA will rotate thewindow around so that you are looking straight down on (that is, normal to) the plane toperform your sketch.

Note: Remember to refer back to this page if you have trouble creating a new part with anew sketch.

Saving and closing the part

Select the pull-down menu File. This will give you the option to use Save As.

Select the Save As option from the pull-down menu. This will open up the Save Aswindow. You will need to specify your directory in the Save in box and key in the file namein the File name box.

Select Save. This will save the document as a CATPart with the name you specified in thedirectory you specified.

You will now want to close the window because you are finished with this exercise:

Select the pull-down menu File. This will give you the option to Close.

Select Close option from the pull-down menu. This closes the window and you are nowready to proceed to the next exercise.



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Rectangle

This will cover the steps necessary to build a rectangle using the rectangle icon. This isuseful any time you need a box shape. All you have to do is specify two opposite corners ofthe rectangle and Sketcher will generate it for you.

Select the rectangle icon. Notice this icon has a down arrow on it. If you select theicon at the location of the arrow the various sub-option icons will appear. For now you justwant the regular rectangle. Once you select the icon it should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the corners of yourrectangle.

Select somewhere up and out to the r ight. This defines the other corner of the rectangleand the rectangle should appear similar to the one below.

Notice how the horizontal and vertical constraints automatically appeared on the rectangle. If you wish, you can save your document: call it rectangle with your initials.



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Oriented Rectangle

This will cover the steps necessary to build an oriented rectangle using the orientedrectangle icon. This is useful any time you need a box type shape that is oriented at an angleinstead of being horizontal and vertical. You have to specify a location for the rectangle tobegin at and then specify the other end of the line representing a side of the rectangle. Afterdoing that then you have to specify a location for the height of the rectangle and then therectangle will be generated for you.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon. This allows you to access the sub-option icons. You will want the oriented rectangle icon.

Release the button on top of the or iented rectangle icon. The icon should changeto the oriented rectangle icon and highlight. Notice how the rectangle icon no longerappears; it has moved to the sub-options now. Remember you can always access the sub-options by holding down the left mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the corners of yourrectangle. The next location that you select will define the orientation of the rectangle.

Select somewhere up and to the r ight. This defines the other end of a side of the orientedrectangle. The next location that you define will determine the height of the orientedrectangle.

Select somewhere up and to the left of the last location. This defines the height of theoriented rectangle and it should appear similar to the one shown below.

Notice how the parallel constraints automatically appeared on the oriented rectangle. If youwish, you can save your document; call it oriented rectangle with your initials.



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Parallelogram

This will cover the steps necessary to build a parallelogram using the parallelogram icon. This is useful any time you need a shape where the sides are parallel to one another but theycan be at any angle. This is similar to the oriented rectangle except the angle between sidesdoes not have to be 90 degrees. You have to specify a corner point for the parallelogram,then a point for the other end of a line representing a side of the parallelogram. Finally, youhave to specify the endpoint for one other side of the parallelogram. CATIA will generate aparallelogram using the given points.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon. (Note: The rectangle icon may not currently be showing; if not, select the down arrow on theicon that is showing in the rectangle spot. If you just completed the last exercise then theicon will be the oriented rectangle icon.) This allows you to access the sub-option icons. You will want the parallelogram icon.

Release the button on top of the parallelogram icon. The icon should change to theparallelogram icon and highlight. Notice how the previous icon no longer appears; it hasmoved to the sub-options now. Remember you can always access the sub-options by holddown the left mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the corners of yourparallelogram. The next location that you select will define the endpoint of one of the sidesof the parallelogram.

Select somewhere up and to the r ight. This defines the other end of a side of theparallelogram. The next location that you define will determine the endpoint of the otherside.

Select somewhere up and to the r ight of the last location. This defines the endpoint ofthe other side of the parallelogram and it should appear similar to the one shown below.

Notice how the parallel constraints automatically appeared on the parallelogram. If youwant, save your document and call it parallelogram with your initials.



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Elongated Slot

This will cover the steps necessary to build an elongated slot using the elongated slot icon. This is useful any time you need to define a slot that is linear and curved with a full radiuson both ends. You have to specify a location for the center of one of the curved ends andthen define a location for the center of the other curved end. After doing that then you haveto specify a location defining the radius of the ends and then the elongated slot will begenerated for you.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon. (Note: The rectangle icon may not currently be showing, just select the down arrow on theicon that is showing in the rectangle spot. If you just completed the last exercise then theicon will be the parallelogram icon.) This allows you to access the sub-option icons. Youwill want the elongated slot icon.

Release the button on top of the elongated slot icon. The icon should change to theelongated slot icon and highlight. Notice how the previous icon no longer appears; it hasmoved to the sub-options now. Remember you can always access the sub-options by holddown the left mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of one of thecurved ends of your slot. The next location that you select will define the center of the othercurved end of your slot.

Select somewhere up and to the r ight. This defines the center of the other curved end ofthe slot. The next location that you define will determine the radius of the ends.

Select somewhere up and to the r ight of the last location. This defines the radius of theends of the slot and it should appear similar to the one shown below.

Notice how the parallel and tangency constraints automatically appeared on the elongatedslot. If you desire you can save your work; call it elongated slot with your initials.



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Elongated Curved Slot

This will cover the steps necessary to build an elongated curved slot using the elongatedcurved slot icon. This is useful any time you need to define a slot that is circular and curvedwith a full radius on both ends. The first step is to specify a location for the center of thecircular path that the slot is going to follow. Then you specify a location to define the radiusof the circular path which also is the definition of the center of one of the curved ends. Thenext step is to specify the center of the other curved end along that radius. The last step is tospecify a location that defines the width of the slot. After all that the elongated curved slotwill be generated for you.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon ofthe current workbench. (Note: The rectangle icon may not currently be showing; justselect the down arrow on the icon that is showing in the rectangle spot. If you justcompleted the last exercise then the icon will be the elongated slot icon.) This allows you toaccess the sub-option icons. You will want the elongated curved slot icon.

Release the button on top of the elongated curved slot icon. The icon shouldchange to the elongated curved slot icon and highlight. Notice how the previous icon nolonger appears; it has moved to the sub-options now. Remember you can always access thesub-options by hold down the left mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of the circularpath. The next location that you select will define the radius of the circular path and thecenter of one of the curved ends.



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Select out to the r ight. This defines the radius of the circular path that the slot is going tofollow and the center of one of the curved ends of the slot. The next location that youdefine will be the center of the other curved end.

Select somewhere down and out to the left of the last location. This defines the center ofthe other curved end of the slot. The next location will determine the width of the slot.

Select somewhere above the last location. This determines the width of the slot and itshould look similar to the one shown below.

Notice how the concentric and tangency constraints automatically appeared on the elongatedcurved slot. If you desire you can save the document and call it elongated curved slotwith your initials.



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Keyhole

This will cover the steps necessary to build a keyhole shape using the keyhole icon. This isuseful any time you need to define a keyhole. To get the keyhole, you need to define fourlocations, in order: the center of the large radius, the center of the small radius, the radiusvalue of the small radius, and the radius value of the large radius. After all that the keyholewill be generated.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon. (Note: The rectangle icon may not currently be showing, just select the down arrow on theicon that is showing in the rectangle spot. If you just completed the last exercise then theicon will be the elongated curved slot icon.) This allows you to access the sub-option icons. You will want the keyhole icon.

Release the button on top of the keyhole icon. The icon should change to thekeyhole icon and highlight. Notice how the previous icon no longer appears; it has movedto the sub-options now. Remember you can always access the sub-options by hold down theleft mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of the larger radiusof the keyhole. The next location that you select will define the center of the smaller radiusof the keyhole.

Select down below. This defines the center of the smaller radius of the keyhole. The nextlocation that you specify will determine the smaller radius of the keyhole.

Select to the r ight of the last location. This defines the radius of the smaller end of thekeyhole. The next location will determine where the larger radius is to begin.

Select somewhere above the last location. This determines the size of the larger radius,and it should look similar to the one shown below.

Notice how the parallel and tangency constraints automatically appeared on the keyhole. Save this document, if you wish, with the name keyhole, with your initials.



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Hexagon

This will cover the steps necessary to build a hexagon using the hexagon icon. This isuseful any time you need to define a hexagon. All you have to specify is the center of thehexagon and the distance to a side. The hexagon will then be generated.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the down arrow of the rectangle icon. (Note: The rectangle icon may not currently be showing, just select the down arrow on theicon that is showing in the rectangle spot. If you just completed the last exercise, the iconwill be the keyhole icon.) This allows you to access the sub-option icons. You will wantthe hexagon icon.

Release the button on top of the hexagon icon. The icon should change to thehexagon icon and highlight. Notice how the previous icon no longer appears; it has movedto the sub-options now. Remember you can always access the sub-options by hold down theleft mouse button on the down arrow of the respective icon.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of the hexagon. The next location that you select will define the distance to a side of the hexagon.

Select to the r ight. This defines the distance to a side and the hexagon should appearsimilar to the one shown below.

Notice how the parallel and coincidence constraints automatically appeared on the hexagon. Save your document, if you wish, giving it the name hexagon, with your initials.



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Circle

This will cover the steps necessary to build a circle using the circle icon. This icon issimilar to the rectangle icon in the sense that it has many sub-options available. For themain option, all you need to do is specify two points, representing the center and radius ofthe circle, and the circle will be generated for you.

Select the circle icon. Notice this icon has a down arrow on it similar to the rectangleicon. If you select the icon at the location of the arrow the various sub-option icons willappear. For now you just want the regular circle. Once you select the icon it shouldhighlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of the circle. Thenext location will define the radius of the circle.

Select any location a shor t distance away from the center . This determines the radius ofthe circle. CATIA will generate a circle similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your work: give it the name circle with your initials.



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Circle through 3 points

This will cover the steps necessary to build a circle passing through three points. You haveto specify the three locations for the circle to pass through and then the circle will begenerated for you.

It is assumed that you know how to access the sub-options of a particular icon therefore thesteps will just tell you to select the sub-option icon. If you have trouble, please refer back tothe previous exercises.

Select the three-point circle icon. This is located in the sub-options of the circleicon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the locations that thecircle will pass through. The other two locations will finish the definition of the circle.

Select up and to the r ight. This specifies the second location for the circle to pass through.

Select to the left of the last location. This specifies the last location for the circle to passthrough and the circle appears similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save this document, calling it 3ptcircle with your initials.



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Circle with Cartesian coordinates

This will cover the steps necessary to build a circle using coordinates. You have to specifythe coordinates for the center of the circle and its radius and then the circle will be generatedfor you.

Select the circle using coordinates icon. A Circle Definition window should appearand the icon should be highlighted.

Notice that you can enter the coordinates using the Cartesian coordinate system or the polarcoordinate system. You will want to use the Cartesian coordinate system for this exercise.

Enter 2 for H, 2 for V and 1 for Radius. The circle appears similar to the one shownbelow.

Notice that the dimension constraints were automatically generated when you created thecircle. If you desire you can save your document and call it circle coord with your initials.



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Circle tangent to 3 elements

This will cover the steps necessary to build a circle tangent to three elements. You have tospecify the three elements that you want the circle to be tangent to and then the circle will begenerated.

Star t a new par t and go into the Sketcher with the yz plane.

Select the circle using coordinates icon. You will use this icon to create three circlesin order to see how the tri-tangent circle icon works.

Create 3 circles using the following coordinates. H=0, V=3, Radius=1.5; H=4.5, V=3,Radius=2; H=1.5, V=-1, Radius=1. Three circles should appear as shown below. Next youwill create a circle tangent to all three of these.

Select the tr i-tangent circle icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the three circles to be tangent to. This will specify the three elements that you wantthe circle to be tangent to and the circle appears similar to the one shown below. You cancreate a circle tangent to any three elements using this icon.

If you desire you can save your document and call it tritangent with your initials.



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Arc through 3 points

This will cover the steps necessary to build an arc passing through three points. You simplyneed to specify any three points and an arc will be generated which starts at the first point,ends at the third point and passes through the second point.

Select the three point arc icon. It should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the locations that thearc will pass through. The other two locations will finish the definition of the arc.

Select up and to the left. This specifies the second location for the arc to pass through.

Select up and to the r ight of the last location. This specifies the last location for the arcto pass through and the arc appears similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document and call it 3ptarc with your initials.



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Arc through 3 points using limits

This will cover the steps necessary to build an arc passing through three points. Thedifference between this method and the last one is the order used to specify the three points. In this icon, the first two points you select are the endpoints, and the third is an additionalpoint the arc will pass through.

Select the three point arc using limits icon. It should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one of the endpoints of thearc. The other two locations will finish the definition of the arc.

Select up and to the r ight. This specifies the other endpoint of the arc.

Select to the left of the last location. This specifies the location for the arc to pass throughand the arc appears similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document and call it 3ptarclimits with your initials.



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Arc

This will cover the steps necessary to build an arc by specifying the center point and thenthe starting point and ending point of the arc. The first location that you define will be thecenter point of the arc. The second location determines the radius of the arc and the startingpoint of the arc. The third location defines the other endpoint of the arc.

Select the arc icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of your arc. Theother two locations will finish the definition of the arc.

Select up and to the left. This specifies the starting point of the arc and the radius of thearc.

Select to the r ight of the last location. This specifies the other endpoint of the arc and thearc appears similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document; call it arc with your initials.



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Spline

This will cover the steps necessary to build a spline. This icon is useful to create arbitrarysmooth curves through a series of points. You need to specify a number of locations for thespline to pass through and it will create a smooth curve passing through them. The lastpoint on the spline needs to be defined by double-clicking.

Select the spline icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one endpoint for the spline. The other locations will define the shape of the spline.

Select up and to the r ight. This specifies the second location for the spline to passthrough.

Select down and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies the third location forthe spline to pass through.

Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies the fourth location forthe spline to pass through.

Double-click down and to the r ight of the previous location. By double-clicking thislocation you are telling the computer that this location is the other endpoint of the spline. The finished spline should appear similar to the one shown below.

Save your document, if you wish, under the name spline with your initials.



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Connect Curve

This will cover the steps necessary to build a connect curve. This icon is useful to createarbitrary smooth curves connecting two elements. You need to specify the two endpoints ofthe connecting curve along the existing elements that you wish to connect. This option hastwo sub-options which will appear to the right of your sketcher icons in the bottom toolbaror wherever you located them.

This will connect the two elements with an arc

This will connect the two elements with a spline

In this exercise you will use the connect with spline option, but feel free to use both options.

Select the spline icon. It should be highlighted.

Create two splines that look similar to the diagram shown below. You will have to referto the previous exercise if you need help creating the splines.

Select the connect curve icon. It should be highlighted.



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Select the connect with spline icon. This icon is located next to your sketcher iconsin the bottom toolbar or wherever you located them.

Select on the spline near the location shown below. Where you select the elementdetermines one of the endpoints of the connect curve.

Select on the other spline near the location shown below. This defines the other endpointand generates the connect curve. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it connect curve with your initials.



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Ellipse

This will cover the steps necessary to build an ellipse. This icon is useful to create ellipticalshapes. This is a conic shape that has certain mathematical properties useful for somedesigns. The first location you define is the center of the ellipse; the second one gives boththe orientation and one of the two diameters. Finally you define the other diameter byselecting another location.

Select the ellipse icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the center of the ellipse. Thenext location determines the orientation and length of the ellipse.

Select down and to the left. This determines the orientation and the length of the ellipse. The next location will define a location that the ellipse will pass through thereby definingthe width of the ellipse.

Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies a location that theellipse will pass through determining the shape of the ellipse. It should appear similar to theone shown below.

If you desire you can save your document: call it ellipse with your initials.



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Parabola

This will cover the steps necessary to build a parabola. This icon is useful to createparabolic shapes. This is another conic curve that has certain mathematical propertiesuseful for some designs. You have to define a location for the focus of the parabola andthen the apex, or tip. Finally you must define the two endpoints for the parabola.

Select the parabola icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the focus of the parabola. The next location determines the apex or tip of the parabola.

Select below the or igin. This determines the apex. A parabola’s shape is determined bythe distance between the focus and the apex. The next two locations define the starting andending points of the parabola.

Select up and to the left of the previous location. This specifies the starting location forthe parabola.

Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies the ending location forthe parabola and it should appear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it parabola with your initials.



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Hyperbola

This will cover the steps necessary to build a hyperbola. A hyperbola is another conic curvethat has certain mathematical properties useful for some designs. You have to define alocation for the focus of the hyperbola and then the center of the hyperbola. After definingthose locations then you must specify a location for the apex or tip of the hyperbola. Thenyou can define a starting point and ending point for the hyperbola.

Select the hyperbola icon. It should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify the focus of the hyperbola. The next location determines the center of the hyperbola.

Select a location well above the or igin. This determines the center of the hyperbola. Thenext location defines the apex, or tip.

Select somewhere between the or igin and the previous location. This determines theapex, or tip, of the hyperbola. The three locations you have specified so far—focus, center,and apex—determine the shape of the hyperbola. Next you will specify its endpoints.

Select to the left of the or igin point. This specifies one endpoint of the hyperbola.

Select to the r ight of the or igin point. This specifies the other endpoint. The finishedhyperbola should appear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it hyperbola with your initials.



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Conic

This will cover the steps necessary to create a conic. There are many sub-options availableunder this icon. Depending on which options you select will determine what you can definewhen creating the conic. You can define five points, tangency at the first end, tangency atthe second end or tangency at both ends. This exercise will only cover creating a conic withtangency at both ends but feel free to use the other options until you are comfortable withthem.

Define tangency at the first end

Define tangency at the second end

Define tangency at both ends

Select the conic icon. It should highlight.

Select the tangency at both ends icon. This will allow you specify a location thatwill define the tangency at both ends of the conic.

Select the or igin point. This defines the first end point of the conic.

Select a location to the r ight of the or igin. This defines the second end point of the conic.

Select a location above and between the two points. This defines the tangency at bothends, from the endpoint to this point.

Select below the last location. This defines the actual shape of the conic based on thepreviously defined tangencies. The conic should appear.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it conic with your initials.



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Line

This will cover the steps necessary to build a line. Use this icon for straight edges of yourprofiles. To create a line, you only need to specify the two endpoints.

Select the line icon. It should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one endpoint of the line. The next location specifies the other endpoint.

Select up and to the r ight of the or igin. This determines the other endpoint. The lineshould appear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it line with your initials.



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Unlimited Line

This will cover the steps necessary to build an unlimited line. Use this icon for straightedges of your profiles that you do not want a specific length but instead you want it to goout essentially forever. This icon has three sub-options that will allow you to create ahorizontal, vertical or point to point unlimited line. Depending on which sub-option youchoose determines what is necessary to create the line. In this exercise you will just use thepoint to point sub-option but feel free to use the other options to get familiar with them.

Select the unlimited line icon. It should highlight.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify a point along the line. Thenext location specifies another point along the line.

Select up and to the r ight of the or igin. This defines another point along the line. Theline should pass through those two locations and go out essentially forever. It should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it unlimited line with your initials.



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Bi-tangent Line

This will cover the steps necessary to build a bi-tangent line. A bi-tangent line is tangent totwo other elements such as circles. All you have to do is specify the two elements that youwish the line to be tangent to.

Select the circle using coordinates icon. You will create two circles using this icon.

Create 2 circles using the following coordinates. H=0, V=3, Radius=1; H=2, V=0,Radius=.5 Two circles should appear as shown below.

Select the bi-tangent line icon. It should highlight.

Select the r ight side of the larger circle. This will specify the line to be tangent to thatside of the circle. The next location specifies the other element that the line is to be tangentto.



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Select left side of the smaller circle. This makes the line tangent to that side of the circleas well. The line should appear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document with the name bitangent with your initials.



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Bisect Line

This will cover the steps necessary to build a bisect line. A bisect line splits the anglebetween two other lines. All you have to do is specify the two lines that you wish to bisectand the bisecting line will be created.

Select the line icon. It should be highlighted.

Create two lines similar to the ones shown below. Start each line at the origin.

Select the bisect line icon. It should be highlighted.

Select one of the lines. This defines one side of the sector that will be bisected.

Select the other line. A bisecting line should appear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document with the name bisect with your initials.



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Axis

This will cover the steps necessary to build an axis. An axis can be used for mirroring or forcreating a shaft or groove in Part Design. To create an axis, all you have to do is specifytwo endpoints.

Select the axis icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This will specify one endpoint of the axis. Next you will specify the other endpoint.

Select above the or igin. This determines the other endpoint of the axis and it shouldappear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document. Call it axis with your initials.



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Point

This will cover the steps necessary to build a point. Points are useful for constraining yourprofile. All you have to do is specify a location for the point.

Select the point icon. It should be highlighted.

Select up and to the r ight of the or igin. This will specify a location for the point. Youalso have the option of selecting an element to put the point on the element at the specifiedlocation. That option will automatically add a coincidence constraint. The point shouldappear similar to the one shown below.

If you desire you can save your document and call it point with your initials.



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Point using coordinates

This will cover the steps necessary to build a point using coordinates. This icon is useful forgenerating points at specific locations. Normally this is used to position an item within yourprofile. All you have to do is enter the coordinates in the window that opens.

Select the point using coordinates icon. A Point Definition window should appearand the icon should be highlighted.

Notice that you can enter the coordinates using the cartesian coordinate system or the polarcoordinate system. You will want to use the cartesian coordinate system for this exercise.

Enter 2 for H and 2 for V. This will generate a point at that coordinate and it shouldappear similar to the one shown below.

Notice the dimension constraints were automatically generated when you created the point. If you desire you can save your document and call it coord point with your initials.



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Equidistant points

This will cover the steps necessary to build equidistant points. This icon is useful forgenerating points equidistant along an element. You have to specify an element and thenspecify the origin or the starting location for your spacing. Then you have to specify thespacing and the number of points to be spaced.

Select the three point arc icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies an endpoint of the arc. Theother two locations will determine the shape of the arc.

Select up and to the r ight of the or igin. This defines the second location for the arc.

Select down and to the r ight of the previous location. This defines the third location forthe arc to pass through and the arc should appear similar to the one shown below.

Select the equidistant points icon. It should highlight. You will now have to specifythe element you want to create equidistant points on.

Select the arc. This is the element that you are going to create equidistant points along. The next location will determine the starting point for the spacing of the points.

Select the r ight end of the arc. This determines the starting point for the creation of theequidistant points. An Equidistant Point Definition window should appear.

There are three different Parameters options. Points & Length, Points & Spacing, andSpacing & Length. In this exercise you will choose the Points & Spacing parameter.



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Enter 1 for Spacing and 3 for New Points. This specifies the distance between the pointsand how many points that you want generated.

Select OK. The points should appear similar to the ones shown below.

Notice that constraints were automatically generated for you. If you desire you can saveyour document and call it equidist point with your initials.



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Intersection Point

This will cover the steps necessary to create a point at the intersection of two elements. Allyou have to do to create an intersection point is select the two elements.


Create two lines as shown below.

Select the intersection point icon. It should be highlighted.

Select one of the lines. It will use this line as one of the intersecting elements.

Select the other line. The two lines do not have to actually intersect as long as they wouldintersect if they were to continue in length. The intersection point should appear withconstraints as shown below.

If you desire you can save your document and call it intersection point with your initials.



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Projection Point

This will cover the steps necessary to create a point by projecting a point to an element. Allyou have to do to create a projection point is select a point that you want to project and thenselect the element that you want to project the point to.


Create a line as shown below.

Select the point icon. It should be highlighted.

Create a point as shown below.

Select the projection point icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the point. You will use this point to project to the line.



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Select the line. A projected point is created and should appear with constraints as shownbelow.

If you desire you can save your document and call it projection point with your initials.



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Profiles, Page 66 ©Wichita State University

Profiles

This part will discuss the profile icon which the most commonly used icon when definingsketches. The purpose of these exercises are to demonstrate the usefulness of the profileicon and how to use it effectively. You can use it to generate basic shapes or more involvedshapes all in one operation.

The most common use is to specify corner points of your desired profile and it will generatelines between those points until you either click on the profile icon again, double-click alocation or select a location that closes the profile. You also can use two other icons that arelocated in the bottom toolbar to generate curves as you are defining the profile. Also whileusing the line icon of profile you can generate curves by holding down the left mouse buttonand dragging it in the direction you want the curve to go and it will know to create a circularcurve from that location.

As you are defining the profile occasionally the element will appear in blue before definingthe endpoint or a constraint may appear in blue. If you select the endpoint while the elementor the constraint is blue then it will automatically put those constraints on the geometrywhen it is created. This is useful when defining horizontal and vertical lines because if theyappear in blue while you are defining them then the horizontal and vertical constraint willautomatically be generated on the element.

You will now build various profiles to get experience using the various capabilities of theprofile icon. The first profile you are going to build looks like the one shown below.


Select the profile icon. It should be highlighted.

Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies the starting point for yourprofile. When you specify the next location make sure the line appears blue before selectingthe location. This will put the vertical constraint on your element automatically.



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Profiles, Page 67© Wichita State University

Select a location above the or igin. If the line appeared blue before you selected the secondlocation then it should appear with the vertical constraint on it like the one shown below. Make sure when you specify the other locations that those elements appear blue as wellbefore selecting the location.

Select a location to the r ight of the previous location. It should appear with thehorizontal constraint on the element and look similar to the diagram shown below.

Select a location below the previous location along the H axis. It should appear similarto the diagram shown below.



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Select a location to the left of the previous location. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Select a location above the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Select a location to the left of the previous location. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.



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Select a location below the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Select the or igin point of the sketch again. The profile should appear similar to thediagram shown below and exit the profile icon.

If you desire you can save your document and call it profile1 with your initials.

Save the document and close it.



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You will now perform a sketch of a part using the three point arc icon in the bottom toolbarduring the sketch. This icon allows you to define a three point arc while using the profileicon. The second profile you are going to build looks like the one shown below.



Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies the starting point for yourprofile. When you specify the next location make sure the line appears blue before selectingthe location. This will put the vertical constraint on your element automatically.

Select a location above the or igin. If the line appeared blue before you selected the secondlocation then it should appear with the vertical constraint on it like the one shown below. Make sure when you specify the other locations for the lines that they appear blue as wellbefore selecting the location.

Select a location to the r ight of the previous location. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.



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Select the three point arc icon in the bottom toolbar . This icon will allow you tospecify a location for the arc to pass through and an ending location for the arc. The arc willbegin at the last location specified which is the endpoint of the line.

Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies the location that the arcshould pass through. The next point specifies the endpoint of the arc.

Select down and to the r ight of the previous location. This location should be straightacross from the start of the arc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below. Notice how the three point arc icon in the bottom toolbar automatically turned off and theline icon turned on.

Select to the r ight of the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Select below the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select to the left of the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Select above the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.


Select the three point arc icon in the bottom toolbar . This icon will allow you tospecify a location for the arc to pass through and an ending location for the arc. The arc willbegin at the last location specified which is the endpoint of the line.

Select up and to the left of the previous location. This specifies the location that the arcshould pass through. The next point specifies the endpoint of the arc.



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Select down and to the left of the previous location. This location should be straightacross from the start of the arc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below. Notice how the three point arc icon in the bottom toolbar automatically turned off and theline icon turned on.


Select below the previous location. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select the or igin point of the sketch again. The profile should appear similar to thediagram shown below and exit the profile icon.





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You will now perform a sketch of a part using the tangent arc icon in the bottom toolbarduring the sketch. This icon allows you to define an arc tangent to the last line while usingthe profile icon. The third profile you are going to build looks like the one shown below.



Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies the starting point for yourprofile.

Select to the r ight of the or igin. If the line appeared blue before you selected the secondlocation then it should appear with the horizontal constraint. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Select the tangent arc icon in the bottom toolbar . This icon will allow you tospecify an endpoint for an arc starting at the last location. It will automatically put atangency constraint on your profile at the initial point.



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Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. This specifies the endpoint of the arc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select up and to the r ight of the previous location. It should look similar to the diagramshown below.


Select up and to the left of the previous location. This specifies the endpoint of the arc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select down and to the left of the previous location. This specifies the endpoint of thearc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select down and to the r ight of the previous location. It should look similar to thediagram shown below.


Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies the endpoint of the arc. Itshould appear similar to the diagram shown below.





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You can also create tangent arcs using the mouse instead of using the tangent arc icon in thebottom toolbar. In order to create an arc instead of a line you need to press and hold the leftmouse button down and drag the mouse in the general shape of the arc. Then you can selectthe endpoint of the arc. The following steps will walk you through the steps necessary toperform this operation, however you may need to see it done in order to really understandhow it works.

You will generate the same profile you created in the previous exercise except you will usethe mouse to generate the arcs instead of the tangent arc icon. The final sketch should looksimilar to the one shown below.



Select the or igin point of the sketch plane. This specifies the starting point for yourprofile.

Press and hold the left mouse button at a location to the r ight of the or igin. Thisspecifies the endpoint of the line. You need to continue holding the left mouse button downin order to specify the tangent arc which will begin at this location.

While holding down the left mouse button drag your mouse in the direction that youwant the arc to follow.

Select a location up and to the r ight of the previous location. This will specify theendpoint of the arc. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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You can continue this process to complete the sketch. You will probably need to practicethis sketch a few times using this option in order to become proficient. It is a much quickermethod of creating tangent arcs then using the icon in the bottom toolbar.

Finish sketching the par t using the drag option for the tangent arcs. It should appearsimilar to the one shown below.

There is no need to save this sketch since it is similar to the previous one.



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Now that you have tried the various options with the profile icon you are ready to sketchsome practice sketches.

Try sketching the following sketches and save them as profile4, profile5 and profile6respectively.

Sketch the profile shown below and save as profile4 with your initials.



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Constraints, Page 83© Wichita State University

Constraints

Constraints are similar to dimensions and they allow you to force your sketch to be an exactshape. Sketches without constraints generally are not accurate enough for your design andtherefore it is necessary to put constraints on your sketch to make it an exact size.

There are many types of constraints and most are listed below.

Dimensional Constraints

Distance distance between two elements

Length length of an element

Angle angle between two elements

Radius/Diameter radius or diameter of a circle or arc

Semimajor axis semimajor axis of an ellipse

Semiminor axis semiminor axis of an ellipse

Geometrical Constraints

Symmetry symmetric about an axis or line

Midpoint forces an element to be located at the midpoint of anotherelement

Equidistant point forces three points to be equidistant from each other

Fix positions an element so it will not move

Coincidence aligns one element with another

Concentricity makes a circle or arc positioned concentric to another circle orarc

Tangency makes an element tangent to another element

Parallelism forces a line to be parallel to another line

Perpendicularity forces a line to be perpendicular to another line

Horizontality makes a line be positioned horizontally

Verticality makes a line be positioned verticallyThe document is for study only,if any tort to your rights,Please inform us,we will delete itwww.cadfamily.com


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Constraints, Page 84 ©Wichita State University

When defining constraints on your sketch the color of the elements of the sketch will changecolor depending on the status of the element. The table below shows the default colors andthe corresponding status.

Color Status

White Not constrained

Green Perfectly constrained

Purple Over constrained

Black Unresolved constraint

Red Invalid geometry

There are a few icons that allow you to generate constraints. Those icons are shown below.

Constraint by dialog icon allows you to define constraints by selecting them from awindow.

Most commonly used constraint icon to define basic constraints on elements andbetween elements.

Allows the computer to automatically put constraints on your sketch. Sometimesthis is useful to get a start on the constraints.

Allows for the animation of constraints. This is useful to see how the sketch wouldchange based on a constraint varying in size.

Normally, the goal is to perfectly constrain your sketch so that it is completely definedaccording to your specifications. Therefore you normally want your sketch to appear greenwhen leaving the Sketcher to go to Part Design.

The first thing you need to remember is that sometimes when you built your sketchconstraints were automatically generated. This was caused by two icons located in thebottom toolbar. One is for geometrical constraints and the other is for dimensionalconstraints.

Geometrical constraints

Dimensional constraints

By default these two icons are selected. You should have seen some of the geometrical anddimensional constraints generated in your previous exercises. In the following exercisesyou will sketch the shape shown and then the steps will walk you through constraining thesketch.



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Sketch the profile shown below and save as constraint1 with your initials. You shouldmake sure that the coincidence constraint appears in blue when defining the origin point ofyour sketch. That constraint will not appear after creating the sketch it is implied.

Notice some constraints were automatically generated. You will now put additionalconstraints on your profile to make it perfectly constrained.

Select the constraint icon. This will allow you to define a constraint.



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Select the bottom hor izontal line and locate the constraint below the line. A lengthconstraint should appear underneath the horizontal line. The value that appears for you maynot be the same as shown below.

You can use the constraint icon for almost all of the dimensional constraints. You will nowuse it to generate a constraint between two elements.


Select the hor izontal line above the bottom one. This defines the first element. You willnow define the second element to create a distance constraint between the two elements.



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Select the hor izontal line above the previous one and position the constraint to ther ight. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below except the value may bedifferent.

You can also use the constraint icon to put some geometric constraints on elements. Youwill now use the constraint icon to make the angled line have the horizontal constraint.


Select the angled line. A constraint will appear but instead of positioning the constraint ata location you will now press the right mouse button on the constraint.



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Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint. Various options appear in awindow as shown below.

Select the Horizontal option. This puts the horizontal constraint on the element. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

You will learn more about the other options that appear in the window later. Since it is notalways convenient to have to press the constraint icon each time you want to generate aconstraint, there is a way to make it active for multiple constraints. To do this you have todouble click on the icon using the left mouse button. This will keep the icon activated untilit is turned off. You will do that and then finish constraining your sketch.



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Double click on the constraint icon with the left mouse button. This activates theicon for multiple uses.

Select the bottom r ight ver tical line and position the constraint to the r ight. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below but it may have a different value.



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Select bottom hor izontal line and then the hor izontal line above the 1.5 line andposition it to the r ight. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below but it mayhave a different value.



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Select the bottom hor izontal line and then the top hor izontal line and position it to ther ight. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below but it may have a differentvalue.



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Put the hor izontal and ver tical constraints on all of the elements that do not alreadyhave them by selecting the element and then r ight clicking the constraint and choosingHorizontal or Vertical. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You will now put a coincidence constraint on two elements while the constraint icon is stillactive.

Select the ver tical line between the base and the shelf. This selects the first element, butinstead of positioning a constraint you will now select a second element.

Select the ver tical line between the shelf and the top of the sketch. This selects thesecond element. Now, you will right click on the constraint and choose the Coincidenceoption.



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Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint. Various options appear in awindow as shown below.

Select the Coincidence option. This makes the two elements coincident with one another,meaning that they line up with one another. Your sketch should now appear similar to theone shown below but it may have different values.

Notice the part is almost perfectly constrained (green color). You will now finishconstraining the sketch while the constraint icon is still active.



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Select the left most ver tical line and then the next top ver tical line and position theconstraint above the sketch. This constrains the location of both of the coincident linesdue to the coincidence constraint. All that is left is the vertical line of the shelf. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below but it may have different values.



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Select the left most ver tical line and the ver tical line at the end of the shelf and positionthe constraint above the sketch. This will put the final constraint on your sketch and itshould appear all in green. It should also look similar to the diagram shown below but mayhave different values.

You will now modify the values of your constraints to force your sketch to be a specificsize. You can change the values of the constraints any time after they are created, you donot have to perfectly constrain your part ahead of time. The first thing you have to do is todeactivate the constraint icon.



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Select the constraint icon to turn it off. The icon should no longer appearhighlighted. As you experienced, it is much faster to constrain a sketch by forcing theconstraint icon to stay active by double clicking on it instead of having to select it each time.

To change the values of the constraints all you have to do is double click on the value andthen key in a new value. You can move the position of the constraint as well by selectingthe constraint and holding down the left mouse button you can drag the constraint to a newposition. If you want to relocate just the value then you can hold down the left mousebutton on the value, however, if you want to relocate the value along with the constraintarrows then you must hold down the left mouse button on the arrow lines.

Double click on the constraint representing the total height of the sketch. A windowappears as shown below but it may have a different initial value.

Change the value to 7.00 and press OK. Notice that the sketch automatically changed sothat the height is now seven inches. You will continue to change values until all of theconstraints are set to their proper values.



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Change all of the constraints to the values shown below. The sketch should look justlike the one shown below.

Save your document.



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Normally you do not have to put all of the horizontal and vertical constraints on your sketchto make it perfectly constrained. When you put a distance constraint between one elementand another it is assumed that the two elements are parallel to each other.

Remember those constraint option windows that appeared when right clicking theconstraint.

These allow you to specify various constraints using the constraint icon that you normallycould not define. Most of the options are the same as the options that were describedbefore. However there are a few new options that you need to be aware of in order toeffectively use this icon.

Reference This creates a reference dimension that is shown only to let you know thevalue. You can not change the value of a reference dimension, it onlyreflects the actual value of the dimension. Therefore if you put constraintson your sketch that changes that dimension it will be reflected in the value.

Notice that a reference dimension has parentheses around the value.



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Horizontal Measure Direction Puts the distance or length constraint to measurehorizontally instead of the default orientation.

Vertical Measure Direction Puts the distance or length constraint to measurevertically instead of the default orientation.

Default

Horizontal

Vertical



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Swap Location This swaps the constraint to go to the other side of the element. Sometimes when you sketch you may get a line to the wrong sidewith respect to another and when you constrain it, you can not give ita negative value in order for it to switch sides. This is a good optionto use in that circumstance, however, you can also just drag anelement over using the left mouse button.

Before: After:

Allow symmetry line This allows you to define a symmetry line after selecting twoelements that you want to be symmetric to each other. After selectingthe two elements, use your third mouse button to activate the menu,select Allow symmetry line and then select the symmetry line.



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For the rest of the constraint exercises the initial sketch will be provided for you to make iteasier for you to concentrate on the actual constraints.

Open the constraint2 document and save with your initials. This will open the partcalled constraint2. In order to work with the sketch you will need to go to the Sketcher andchoose the sketch from the specification tree.

Select the Sketcher icon and then select the Sketch from the specification tree. This takes you into the sketch and then you can start adding constraints. A diagram of thesketch is shown below.

Notice that the bottom horizontal line is already constrained. You will now be constrainingthis sketch to look like the following diagram.



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Double click on the constraint icon with the left mouse button. This will activatethe constraint icon to be used more than once.

Select the bottom hor izontal line and position the constraint below the line. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the bottom hor izontal line and the bottom r ight angled line and position theconstraint to the r ight. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select the bottom hor izontal line and the bottom left angled line and position theconstraint to the left. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the left curve and the bottom left angled line. This will make a constraint but youare going to press the right mouse button to choose the Tangency option.

Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint. A window should appear withconstraint options.

Select the Tangency option. This will force the line and the curve to be tangent to oneanother.



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Select the left curve and position the constraint to the left. This puts a radius constrainton your curve.

Select the r ight curve and position the constraint to the r ight. This puts a radiusconstraint on your curve. It should look similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the bottom left angled line and then the top left angled line.

Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint. A window should appear withconstraint options.

Select the Allow symmetry line option. This will allow you to define a symmetry line.

Select the dashed line. This will put a symmetry constraint on the two angled lines usingthe dashed line as a symmetry line. It is important to select the symmetry line last. Also, itshould be noted that this symmetry line is a construction line not a standard line andtherefore will not show up in Part Design. You will learn more about construction elementslater in this course.



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Select the bottom hor izontal line and then the top line.

Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint and select the Allow symmetry lineoption. This will allow you to define a symmetry line.

Select the dashed line. This puts the symmetry constraint on the two lines using the dashedline as the symmetry line.

Select the bottom r ight angled line and then the top r ight angled line.

Press the r ight mouse button while on the constraint and select the Allow symmetry lineoption. This will allow you to define a symmetry line.



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Select the dashed line. This puts the symmetry constraint on the two lines using the dashedline as the symmetry line. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the bottom hor izontal line and the dashed line and position the constraint to ther ight. This puts a distance constraint between the two elements. It should look similar tothe diagram shown below.



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The external profile should all be green now because it is perfectly constrained. Howeveryou still need to constrain the circles.

Select the left circle and position the constraint up and to the left. This puts a diameterconstraint on your circle.

Select the r ight circle and position the constraint up and to the r ight. This puts adiameter constraint on your circle. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You will now put a concentric constraint between the circles and the curves.

Select the circle on the left and the curve on the left and then press the r ight mousebutton while on the constraint. A window should appear showing you some constraintoptions.



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Select the Concentricity option. This forces the circle to be concentric with the curve. Meaning that they have the same center point location. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

You will now repeat the same procedure to put the concentric constraint on the other circleand curve.

Select the circle on the r ight and the curve on the r ight and then press the r ight mousebutton while on the constraint. The window should appear again.

Select the Concentricity option. This forces the circle to be concentric with the curve. Itshould appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Now the entire sketch is perfectly constrained. You will now change the values to matchthose shown below.

Change the values of the constraints to match the diagram shown below. Rememberyou have to exit the constraint icon by selecting it. Then you just have to double click on avalue and a window will appear. After you change the value press the Enter key or selectOK.

Save your document.



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Select the Sketcher icon and then select the Sketch from the specification tree. This takes you into the sketch and then you can start adding constraints. A diagram of thesketch is shown below.

You will now be constraining this sketch to look like the following diagram.



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Double click on the constraint icon with the left mouse button. This will activatethe constraint icon to be used more than once.

Select the bottom hor izontal line and position the constraint below the line. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the left ver tical line and position the constraint to the left of the line. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select the top hor izontal line and position the constraint above the line. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the left angled line and position the constraint below and to the left of the angledline. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You are now going to exit the constraint icon and change the values of the constraints. Youwill then finish constraining the sketch using the constraint by dialog icon.



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Change the values of the constraints to match the diagram shown below. Rememberyou have to exit the constraint icon by selecting it. Then you just have to double click on avalue and a window will appear. After you change the value press the Enter key or selectOK.

You are going to the use the constraint by dialog icon to finish putting the constraints onyour sketch. However, it is important to remember that you could just use the regularconstraint icon to finish the constraints. In order to select two elements at the same timeyou must press and hold the Ctrl key when selecting the second element.

Select the bottom hor izontal line. It highlights letting you know that it has been selected.

Press and hold the Ctrl key while selecting the hor izontal line above the previous line. This allows you to select a second element while keeping the first element highlighted.

Select the constraint by dialog icon. This opens a Constraint Definition window.



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Using that window you can specify which constraint or constraints you would like to putusing the elements that you currently have selected.

Select the Distance option. A check should appear in the Distance box.

Select OK. A distance constraint should appear between the two elements.

Press and hold the left mouse button while on the constraint and drag it above the topline. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

It is important to note that double clicking the constraint by dialog icon will not keep theicon active for multiple uses since you must select the element or elements before selectingthe icon.

Select the left angled line. It highlights letting you know that it has been selected.

Press and hold the Ctrl key while selecting the bottom end line. This allows you toselect a second element while keeping the first element highlighted.




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Select the Perpendicularity option and select OK. This generates the perpendicularconstraint between those two elements. It should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Select the left angled line. It highlights letting you know that it has been selected.

Press and hold the Ctrl key while selecting the r ight angled line above the previousline. This allows you to select a second element while keeping the first element highlighted.


Select the Parallelism option and select OK. This generates the parallel constraintbetween the two elements. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Select the end line. This is the line at the end of the two angled lines.


Select the Length option and select OK. This will generate a length constraint.

Press and hold the left mouse button on the new constraint’s arrow and drag it downand to the r ight. By selecting the arrow you can move the entire constraint down and tothe right, however, if you press and hold the left mouse button on the value then it wouldonly move the value. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select the r ight angled line. It highlights letting you know that it has been selected.

Press and hold the Ctrl key while selecting the connecting hor izontal line. This allowsyou to select a second element while keeping the first element highlighted.


Select the Angle option and select OK. This generates an angle constraint between the twoelements.



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Press and hold the left mouse button while on the angle constraint and drag it to ther ight of the angled line. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Change the values of the constraints to match the diagram shown below. You have todouble click on a value and a window will appear. After you change the value press theEnter key or select OK.

Save your document.



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Up to now you have used the constraint and the constraint by dialog icons to generateconstraints. Next you will learn how the auto constraint icon and the animate constrainticon works.


Select the Sketcher icon and then select the Sketch from the specification tree. This takes you into the sketch and then you can start adding constraints. There are twoprofiles in this sketch and you will try the auto constraint icon on both profiles.

Using the left mouse button box in the first profile shown below. Press and hold the leftmouse button while being up and to the left of the first profile and drag a box around theprofile. This will select all of the elements in the box.

You can either select the elements before choosing the auto constraint icon or after youselect the auto constraint icon. In this case you selected the elements before selecting theicon.

Select the auto constraint icon. This will open up an auto constraint window asshown below.



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Elements to be constrained specifies what elements are to be constrained

Reference elements allows you to specify an element or elements to use as areference for its constraints

Symmetry lines allows you to specify the center lines it should use whenassigning symmetry constraints

Constraint Mode if you specified a reference element then this will determine ifyou want the constraints to be defined one at the end ofanother (Chained) or if you want all constraints to be definedfrom the reference element (Stacked)

Select OK. Since this sketch does not have any symmetry lines and it is referenced by theorigin location there is not a need to set any of the other options. It should appear similar tothe diagram shown below.

You are now going to use the auto constraint icon to constrain the other profile within thissketch.



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Using the left mouse button box in the second profile shown below. Press and hold theleft mouse button while being up and to the left of the second profile and drag a box aroundthe profile. This will select all of the elements in the box.


Select OK. Constraints appear on the profile, however it is not perfectly constrained since itis not referenced to any location. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You will now undo the these constraints and you will try using the auto constraint iconusing reference elements.

Select the undo icon in the bottom toolbar . All of the constraints should disappearand the profile should appear highlighted. If they do not disappear, keep selecting the undoicon until they disappear. If the profile does not appear highlighted then select the profilelike you did earlier.



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Select in the box for Reference elements. You need to select on the area where it says NoSelection in front of the label Reference elements.

Select the ver tical line and hor izontal line from the other profile that are at the or igin. This makes those two elements the reference elements for the constraints. The windowshould now appear as shown below.

You have two options on the Constraint Mode, either Chained or Stacked. This exercisewill have you choose the Stacked option, however both diagrams are shown for yourreference. You may want to try one and then undo it and try the other option.

Select the Stacked option for the Constraint Mode. You have to select the down arrow toaccess the drop down list and then select the Stacked option.



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Select OK. Constraints appear on the profile. Notice how all of the constraints originatefrom the reference elements. If you use the Chained option then the first constraintsoriginate from the reference elements but the other constraints originate at the ends of theprevious constraints. Both diagrams are shown below for your comparison.

Stacked

Chained

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You will now try using the animate constraint icon on a constrained sketch. You can usethis icon at any time to see how your sketch changes as the value of a constraint varies. Inthis exercise you will try using this icon on a perfectly constrained sketch.


Select the Sketcher icon and then select the Sketch from the specification tree. This takes you into the sketch and it should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You will now use the animate constraint icon on a couple of the constraints.

Select the animate constraint icon. This icon allows you to select a constraint andanimate what happens as this constraint changes values.



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Select the 1 inch radius constraint in the upper left of the sketch. An AnimateConstraint window appears.

First value the starting value for the animation

Last value the ending value for the animation

Number of steps determines the number of steps shown as the value varies between thefirst value and the last value

Actions

plays the animation backwards

pauses the animation

stops the animation

plays the animation forwards

Options

plays the animation once from start to finish

plays the animation from start to finish and then back to the start

continuously loops the animation forwards and backwards

repeats the animation always showing it from start to finish

Hide constraints hides the constraints so all you see animating is the geometry



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Change the First value to be .5, the Last value to be 2, and the Number of steps to be 20. You are now ready to see the animation.

Select the one way icon under Options and then select the forward icon underActions. Notice how the sketch changes shape as the constraint varies from its startingvalue to its ending value.

Select the Hide constraints button and then select the forward icon again. Noticehow all of the constraints are not seen anymore. This option only shows the actual geometryof the sketch.

Select the round tr ip icon under Options and then select the forward icon under Actions. This time the animation plays from start to finish and then returns back tothe start.

Select the loop icon under Options and then select the forward icon underActions. This time the animation plays from start to finish and then returns back to the startover and over again.

Select the stop icon under Actions. This stops the animation.

Select the repeat icon under Options and then select the forward icon underActions. This time the animation plays from start to finish over and over again.

Select the stop icon under Actions. This stops the animation.

Select Cancel. Your sketch returns to the original shape and the constraints appear again.

You should practice animating other constraints using the animate constraint icon.



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Modifications to profiles, Page 126 ©Wichita State University

Modifications to profiles

This involves modifying the geometry of your sketch to generate the desired profile. Theoptions include cornering, chamfering, trimming and breaking geometry. If we have thegeometrical and dimensional constraint options selected in the bottom toolbar then someconstraints may automatically be generated when performing these options.

Corner

There are three new icons that appear on the bottom toolbar when you are in the corneroption.

trims both elements back to the corner

trims the first element selected back to the corner

generates the corner without trimming the elements

Open the corner document and save with your initials. This will open the part calledcorner. In order to work with the sketch you will need to go to the Sketcher and choose thesketch from the specification tree.




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Modifications to profiles, Page 127© Wichita State University

Select the corner icon. This activates the option and three new icons appear on thebottom toolbar.

Make sure that the tr im all icon is selected on the bottom toolbar . This is normallythe default choice. This exercise is only going to cover this option since it is the one mostcommonly used. It is suggested that you try out the other options on your own in order tomake sure you understand their operation.

Select the left ver tical line and the top hor izontal line. This specifies the two elementsthat you wish to generate a corner between. You now have to arbitrarily locate your cornerwhich will determine its initial size.

Select somewhere inside the corner . The corner should appear with tangency constraintsgenerated on the two line and a radius constraint generated on the corner. It should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

You can change the value of the corner the same way you changed the value of constraintspreviously.

Change the radius value to be .5 inches. The corner changes size.

Undo the creation of the corner to get back your or iginal sketch. You are now going togenerate radius corners at all intersection of your sketch with a specified value.



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Select all of the sketch. You can do this by pressing and holding the left mouse button upand to the left of the profile and then dragging the mouse down to the lower right, boxing inthe entire profile.

Select the corner icon. A radius text box appears on the bottom toolbar.

Enter a value of .5 in the Radius box and press Enter. Corners appear at everyintersection at a value of 0.5. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Notice that most of the .5 constraints have a f(x) symbol next to it. This means that aformula has been applied to determine that constraint. In this case one of the cornerconstraints is specified and then all of the other ones are set to be equal to that one. If youwere to change that one value then all of the other values would change because of theformulas. In the diagram shown above the upper left constraint is the driving constraint.

Change the value of the dr iving constraint to be 0.75. This is the constraint that does nothave a f(x) symbol next to it. Notice that all of the constraints change to that value.

You will learn more about formulas later in this course.

Save your document.



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Chamfer

There are three new icons that appear on the bottom toolbar when you are in the chamferoption.

trims both elements back to the chamfer

trims the first element selected back to the chamfer

generates the chamfer without trimming the elements

After choosing one of those icons and selecting the elements that you want to use tochamfer, three more icons appear. These determine what type of information you can enterand what is generated when the chamfer is created.

hypotenuse and an angle

two lengths

one length and an angle

Open the chamfer document and save with your initials. This will open the part calledchamfer. In order to work with the sketch you will need to go to the Sketcher and choosethe sketch from the specification tree.




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Select the chamfer icon. This activates the option and three new icons appear on thebottom toolbar.

Make sure that the tr im all icon is selected on the bottom toolbar . This is normallythe default choice. This exercise is only going to cover this option since it is the one mostcommonly used. It is suggested that you try out the other options on your own in order tomake sure you understand their operation.

Select the left ver tical line and the top left hor izontal line. This specifies the twoelements that you wish to generate a chamfer between. You can now arbitrarily locate yourchamfer which will determine its initial size.

Select the one length and an angle icon. This will generate a length from the sharpcorner back to the beginning of the chamfer along the first element selected and the angle isthe angle of the chamfer.

Select somewhere inside the corner . The chamfer should appear with a length constraintand an angle constraint generated. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Change the value of the length and angle to .5 and 30 respectively. Notice the chamferchanges size and angle. Luckily the 1.5 and 2.5 constraints were generated as distanceconstraints between two lines instead of length constraints. If they were generated as lengthconstraints then a window would appear telling you that they would be converted to distanceconstraints because the chamfer will change the length of those lines.



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Select the chamfer icon. This activates the option and three new icons appear on thebottom toolbar.

Make sure that the tr im all icon is selected on the bottom toolbar . This is normallythe default choice.

Select the r ight ver tical line and the top r ight hor izontal line. This specifies the twoelements that you wish to generate a chamfer between. You can now arbitrarily locate yourchamfer which will determine its initial size.

Select the one length and an angle icon. This will generate a length from the sharpcorner back to the beginning of the chamfer along the first element selected and the angle isthe angle of the chamfer.

Select somewhere inside the corner . The chamfer should appear with a length constraintand an angle constraint generated.

Change the value of the length and angle to .5 and 30 respectively. The final sketchshould appear similar to the one shown below.

Save your document.



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Trim and Break

There are four icons that can be used to trim or break elements in the sketcher.

trims both elements back to the intersection or just trims a single element back to theintersection

trims both elements

trims only the first element

breaks an element at an intersection or at an arbitrary location

quickly trims elements, there are three sub-options to this icon which determine howit works

trims the element back to the nearest intersections, getting rid of the side youselect

trims the element back to the nearest intersections, keeping the side youselect

breaks the element at the nearest intersections

closes a partial circle back to a full circle

Open the trim document and save with your initials. This will open the part called trim. In order to work with the sketch you will need to go to the Sketcher and choose the sketchfrom the specification tree.




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Select the quick tr im icon. The icon becomes activated.

Select the break and rubber in icon. This will allow you to break an element andtrim it to the nearest intersections getting rid of the portion you select.

Select the top hor izontal line inside the circle. The line breaks at each intersection of thecircle and is removed from the inside of the circle.

Select the quick tr im icon. The icon becomes activated.

Select the break and rubber in icon. This will allow you to break an element andtrim it to the nearest intersections getting rid of the portion you select.

Select the bottom hor izontal line inside the circle. The line breaks at each intersection ofthe circle and is removed from the inside of the circle. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Select the break icon. This will allow you break an element in to two pieces.

Select the circle and then the top left hor izontal line. The circle breaks at the intersectionof the line. A circle in CATIA has a natural break in order for the circle to have ends. Therefore it is not necessary to break a circle more than once to get two pieces.

Notice that coincident constraints appeared on the broken elements automatically. Now thatthe circle is broken you can trim the two pieces to the appropriate intersections.

Double click on the tr im icon. This activates the option and four new icons appearon the bottom toolbar.

Make sure that the tr im all icon is selected. This is normally the default choice.



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Select the top r ight hor izontal line and the top r ight por tion of the circle. The circleshould trim up to the intersection.

Select the bottom r ight hor izontal line and the bottom r ight por tion of the circle. Thecircle should trim down to the intersection.

Select the bottom left hor izontal line and the bottom left por tion of the circle. Thecircle should trim down to the intersection. The sketch should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Sometimes it can be confusing seeing the curve between the lines but it appears only toshow the coincidence between the two circles.



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Now that you have gone through most of the constraint options you are ready to constrainsome sketches for practice. Save the constrained sketches as constraint6, constraint7 andconstraint8 respectively.

Open the constraint6 document and go to the sketch and constrain the sketch toappear like the diagram shown below. You will want to generate the four corners usingthe corner option first and then constrain the circles concentric to the corners.

Open the constraint7 document and go to the sketch and constrain the sketch toappear like the diagram shown below.



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Open the constraint8 document and go to the sketch and constrain the sketch toappear like the diagram shown below.

This ends the basic Sketcher section and you are now ready to start producing parts usingthe Part Design workbench. From now on it is assumed that you know how to use thevarious options that were covered in this section. If at any time you get stuck please referback to this section.



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Hide/Show, Page 137© Wichita State University

Hide/Show

This small exercise is to cover the steps necessary to hide and show geometry, whether it besketcher geometry or part design geometry.

Open the hide show document and go to the sketch. You will now hide and show somegeometry.

Select the hide/show icon. This will allow you hide some of your geometry.

Select the circle. The circle disappears but it is not deleted.

Select all four edges of the window on the r ight. You can do this by selecting up and tothe left of the window and dragging the cursor over the entire window using the first mousebutton.

Select the hide/show icon. All four lines disappear but they are not deleted.

Select the swap visible space icon. Notice your background changes color and theonly geometry you see is the circle and the window that you hid earlier. You have justswitched to the hidden side of your part.

Select the hide/show icon.

Select the circle. The circle disappears and returns to the visible or show side of your part.

Select all four lines and then select the hide/show icon. This will return the fourlines to the visible side of your part.

Select the swap visible space icon. This returns you to the visible side and youshould see all of your geometry.

The procedure for hiding or showing geometry is always the same whether it is using sketchgeometry or part design geometry. There will be times when you are going to want to hidesome of your geometry because it starts cluttering up your display and you are not ready todelete it or you cannot delete it because it is associated with other geometry.

Save your document.



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Hide/Show, Page 138 ©Wichita State University




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Basic Part Design

This section will cover the basic use of the part design workbench to create parts. Thissection will consist of three parts: basic shapes, modifications to shapes and interfacingbetween part design and sketcher.

Basic Shapes

This part will discuss the various shapes that can be created in part design using the icons onthe Part Design workbench. The purpose of this group of exercises is to introduce how touse those icons and their options. The usefulness of them depend on the part you are tryingto create. It is important for you to understand how to use each of these icons in conjunctionwith your sketches to produce your final part.



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Pad

The pad icon allows you to use a sketch and extrude it in a linear direction producing a solidpad. When you create a pad a Pad Definition window appears like the one shown below.

Initially the window will appear with only the First Limit and then you have the option toselect the More>> option to see the Second Limit. Since the options are the same for bothlimits they will be discussed only once.

Type Dimension allows you to key in a Length

Up to next goes to the next side of an existing part

Up to last goes to the last side of an existing part

Up to plane goes to a specified plane which is its Limit

Up to surface goes to a specified surface which is its Limit

When you select a Type other than Dimension you will have the option to specify anOffset value from the corresponding limit.

Profile

Selection specifies which sketch will be used, you have the option to modifythe sketch using the sketcher icon next to the box

Mirrored extent applies to the Type Dimension, it will go the same distance inboth directions, thereby not being able to specify a secondlimit

Reverse Direction changes the direction to the opposite direction

Direction

Normal to profile the direction will be in the normal direction of the sketch

Reference allows you to specify an element that defines the direction



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Open the pad1 document and save with your initials. You should see two sketchesalready created for you.

Select the pad icon. This will allow you to create a pad using one of the sketches. This exercise is going to cover the various methods that you can use to create pads.

Select Sketch.1. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourpad. A Pad Definition window should appear similar to the one shown below.

For this pad you are going to use the basic option of keying in a length for pad. You willalso preview what the Mirrored extent and Reverse Direction options allow you to do.

Change the value in Length to be 4. Do not press enter or else it will automatically createthe pad with that value. Normally you would just enter the value and press Enter, howeveryou are going to want to Apply in order for you see what it is going to do until youunderstand the different options.

Select Preview. A preview of what the pad will look like appears. You will now changesome of the other options to see the difference between them.

Select Mirrored extent and select Preview. As you can see instead of the pad extending inonly the one direction 4 inches it now extends both directions 4 inches each. It basically isusing your current sketch as the mirror plane.

Select Mirrored extent again to turn it off and select Preview. Now you are going toreverse the direction in order for the pad to be created in the opposite direction.

Select Reverse Direction and select Preview. Notice that the pad is still going to be 4inches wide but it is now going in the opposite direction. This is the pad you want to create.



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Select OK. The pad should be created and appear similar to the diagram shown below. Notice that the sketch automatically was hidden after being used by the pad. This is truewhen using most of the options because of a setting under the pull down menu Tools,Options.

You are now going to explore some of the other Types that you can use to define limits forpads that you create.

Select the pad icon.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies the sketch that you want to use to create the next pad. APad Definition window appears as shown below.

Select Reverse Direction so that the direction is toward the other pad. Now you aregoing to see what the other Types allow you to do.



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Change the Type to Up to next and select Preview. Notice that the pad only goes to thenext side of the other pad. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Change the Type to Up to last and select Preview. Notice that the pad goes all the way tothe last side of the previous part. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Change the Type to Up to plane. When you use this option you have to specify a plane ora planar side that you want the pad to be limited by.



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Select the plane that is away from the or igin and select Preview. Notice that the padgoes up to the plane and then stops. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You may have to rotate the part around in order to see the limitation better. The Up tosurface option works very similar to the Up to plane option except that you can specify asurface instead of a plane.

Select the More>> option. This expands the window and shows some other options. Thewindow should appear similar to the one shown below.

Currently the Direction is specified to be Normal to profile. You will turn that off andspecify an element to be used as the direction. Once again this is just to show you thecapabilities of the option.

Select Normal to profile to turn it off. The Normal to profile option is no longer activated.

Select in the Reference box. This allows you to specify an element to be used as thedirection.



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Select the angled line closest to the or igin and select Preview. The pad extrudes in thedirection of the line and stops at the plane that was specified earlier. It should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

Select Normal to profile. This changes the direction back to being normal to the sketch. You are now going to use a First Limit and a Second Limit to create the pad.

Under the First Limit select the Limit box. This will allow you to specify a new plane foryour limit.

Select the angled side closest to the sketch. This defines the First Limit. You will nowdefine the Second Limit.

Under the Second Limit change the Type to Up to plane.

Under the Second Limit select the Limit box.



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Select the angled side far thest from the sketch and select Preview. This defines theSecond Limit and shows you a preview of your new pad. It should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Select OK. The final part should look similar to the diagram shown below.

This exercise showed most of the options available when creating a pad. There are othershapes that have these same options and they work the same. Hopefully you have a goodunderstanding of what each option allows you to do.

Note: Open profiles (sketches) can be used to create pads or pockets as long as they willbe closed by the other faces of your existing part.



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Open the pad2 document and save with your initials. You should see three sketchesalready created for you.

Select the pad icon. This will allow you to create a pad using one of the sketches.

Select Sketch.1. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourpad.

Using the Type Dimension and a Length of .75 create the pad. The pad should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

Select the pad icon. This will allow you to create a pad using one of the sketches.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourpad.

Using the Type Dimension and a Length of .75 create the pad. The pad should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.



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Pocket

The pocket icon allows you to use a sketch and extrude it in a linear direction producing apocket. When you create a pocket a Pocket Definition window appears like the one shownbelow.

Initially the window will appear with only the First Limit and then you have the option toselect the More>> option to see the Second Limit. Notice that the options are exactly thesame as the options for creating a pad. The major difference between pad and pocket is thata pocket is removed instead of added to your part.

Type Dimension allows you to key in a Length

Up to next goes to the next side of an existing part

Up to last goes to the last side of an existing part

Up to plane goes to a specified plane which is its Limit

Up to surface goes to a specified surface which is its Limit

When you select a Type other than Dimension you will have the option to specify anOffset value from the corresponding limit.

Profile


Mirrored extent applies to the Type Dimension, it will go the same distance inboth directions, thereby not being able to specify a secondlimit

Reverse Direction changes the direction to the opposite direction

Direction

Normal to profile the direction will be in the normal direction of the sketch

Reference allows you to specify an element that defines the directionThe document is for study only,if any tort to your rights,Please inform us,we will delete itwww.cadfamily.com


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You will now create a pocket in the existing part using Sketch.3.

Select the pocket icon. This will allow you to create a pocket using one of thesketches.

Select Sketch.3. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourpocket.

Select Reverse Direction.

Using the Type Up to next create the pocket. The pocket should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Open the pocket document and save with your initials. You should see a pad and asketch that have been created for you.

Select the pocket icon. This will allow you to create a pocket using the sketch.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourpocket.

Change the Type to Up to next and select Preview. A preview of the pocket shouldappear. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Change the Type to Up to last and select Preview. A preview of the pocket should appear. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Select OK. The pocket appears.

Save your document.



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Multiple Profiles

You can create objects using a single profile of a sketch that contains multiple profiles. This allows you to create multiple profiles on the same sketch and then using pad or pocketyou can have each profile extrude a different distance as if they were separate sketches. When you do this each pad or pocket will reference the same sketch just a different part ofthe sketch.

Open the multiple profiles document and save with your initials. You should see asketch that has already been created for you.

Select the pad icon.

In the Selection box press the third mouse button and select Go to profile definition. The Profile Definition window appears as shown below.

This will allow you to select the sub-elements of a sketch.

Select the box por tion of the sketch. Notice just by selecting an edge that entire profilewas selected but not the whole sketch.

Select OK. This closes the Profile Definition window and returns to the Pad Definitionwindow with the Selection being Complex.

Change the Length to be 1 and select OK. The pad is created using just the one profile ofthe sketch. Notice that the sketch still remains shown because you did not use the entiresketch therefore it did not automatically hide.



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Repeat the steps and create pads out of the other two profiles 1 inch in length. Itshould appear similar to the diagram shown below.

The specification tree should have each pad using the same sketch as shown below.

It is normally a better idea to create a separate sketch for each object but there are timeswhen this capability becomes extremely useful, especially when constraining. Rememberthis option is only available with pad and pocket.

Save your document.



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Shaft

The shaft icon allows you to use a sketch and rotate it in a circular direction producing asolid revolution. It is necessary to have an axis defined in your sketch in order to create ashaft. The axis needs to represent the center of the revolution. When you create a shaft aShaft Definition window appears like the one shown below.

As you can see there are few options when creating a shaft compared to creating a pad.

Limits

First angle the angle in the initial direction from the sketch

Second angle the angle in the opposite direction from the sketch

Profile


Axis

Selection defines the axis that the profile will be rotated around



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Open the shaft document and save with your initials. You should see two sketches thathave been created for you.

Select the shaft icon. This will allow you to create a shaft using a sketch.

Select Sketch.1. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourshaft.

Change the First angle value to 90 and the Second angle value to 135 and selectPreview. Notice that the shaft went 90 degrees in the one direction and 135 degrees in theother direction. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below. You can also use anegative value to get the shaft to start and end at a different location then where the sketchis.

Change the First angle value to -90 and the Second angle value to 270 and selectPreview. Notice that the shaft begins at -90 and ends at 270. The total angle that the shaftcovers is the addition of the two angles, therefore it is necessary that the sum does notexceed 360. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Change the First angle value to 90 and the Second angle value to 90 and select Preview. Now the shaft is defined for the other half. It should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Change the Second angle value to 0 and the First angle value to 360 and select OK. Theshaft is created as a full revolution. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Groove

The groove icon allows you to use a sketch and rotate it in a circular direction producing asolid revolution that is removed from the current part. It is necessary to have an axisdefined in your sketch in order to create a groove. The axis needs to represent the center ofthe revolution. When you create a groove a Groove Definition window appears like the oneshown below.

Notice that the options are exactly the same as the options for creating a shaft. The majordifference between shaft and groove is that a groove is removed instead of added to yourpart.

Limits

First angle the angle in the initial direction from the sketch

Second angle the angle in the opposite direction from the sketch

Profile


Axis

Selection defines the axis that the profile will be rotated around



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Select the groove icon. This will allow you to create a groove using a sketch.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourgroove.

Change the First angle value to 360 and the Second angle value to 0 and select OK. Itshould appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You can define the angles the same way as you define the angles for a shaft.

Save your document.



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Open the groove document and save with your initials. You should see a shaft and asketch that have been created for you.

Select the groove icon. This will allow you to create a groove using a sketch.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourgroove.

Change the First angle value to -15 and the Second angle value to 345 and select Apply. Notice that the groove has a 30 degree gap in it centered around the sketch. It should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

Select OK.

Save your document.



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Hole

The hole icon allows you to create a variety of holes from simple holes to counterdrilledholes. When you create a hole a Hole Definition window appears like the one shown below.

There are many options for creating a hole. The various options are spread over three tabs,Extension, Type and Thread Definition. The Extension options are explained below.

There are five different options for defining the length of the hole, many of which aresimilar to the pad and pocket options.

Blind goes a certain distance

Up To Next goes to the next side of an existing part

Up To Last goes to the last side of an existing part

Up To Plane goes to a specified plane which is its Limit

Up To Surface goes to a specified surface which is its Limit

Diameter the diameter of the hole

Depth the length of the hole, only applies to Blind

Limit defines the limit element, only applies to Up to Plane and Upto Surface

Offset the offset distance from the limit



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Axis

Reverse reverses the direction of the hole

Normal to surface aligns the axis of the hole normal to the surface if selectedotherwise you can specify the direction using the box belowthe option

Positioning Sketch allows you to constrain the center of the hole before creating

Bottom

Flat the hole will be flat on the bottom, only applies to Blind

V-Bottom the hole will have a v-shaped bottom, only applies to Blind, the angleof the v-shape can be specified in the Angle box under the option

The Type options are explained below.

Simple a straight hole with no parameters

Tapered the parameters define the angle of the taper



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Counterbored the parameters define the size and the depth of the counterbore

The counterbore diameter must be greater than the hole diameter and the hole depth must begreater than the counterbore depth.

Countersunk the parameters define the depth and angle of the countersunk

The countersink diameter must be greater than the hole diameter and the countersink anglemust be greater than 0 and less than 180 degrees.



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Counterdrilled the parameters define the diameter and depth of the counterbore andthe angle from the bottom of the counterbore to the diameter of thehole.

The counterdrill diameter must be greater than the hole diameter, the hole depth must begreater than the counterdrill depth and the counterdrill angle must be greater than 0 and lessthan 180 degrees.



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The Thread Definition options are explained below.

Thread Definition

Type

No Standard Allows the user to enter the values

Metric Thin Pitch Uses AFNOR standard values

Metric Thick Pitch Uses AFNOR standard values

Thread Diameter Diameter of the thread

Hole Diameter Diameter of the hole

Thread Depth How far the thread extends in the hole

Hole Depth The depth of the hole

Pitch The distance the thread drops in one revolution

Right-Threaded or Left-Threaded Determines which way the thread will berevolved

Standards

Add Allows you to create a standard thread definition

Remove Allows you to remove a standard thread definition



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Open the hole document and save with your initials. You should see a part alreadycreated for you. You will probably want to rotate the part so that you can see the topsurfaces easier.

Select the hole icon. This will allow you to create a hole. The nice thing about usingthe hole icon is that you do not have to generate a sketch ahead of time. It will create asketch for you specifying the center of the hole. You can go in to the sketch and putparameters on the sketch to position the hole. You can also have it automatically generateparameters by selecting an edge or edges before defining the surface that you want the holeto appear on. You will now try creating some holes using various options.

Select the top inner edge of the r im. This specifies that you want the hole to be concentricwith this edge.

Select the flat sur face at the bottom of the pocket. This specifies the surface where youwant the hole to be located. The Hole Definition window should appear.

Using the Extension tab change the mode to Up To Last and the Diameter to 1 inch.



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Using the Type tab change the type to Simple and select OK. This is the default type so itmay not be necessary to change it. The hole should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Select the hole icon. This will allow you to create a hole.

Select the bottom inner edge of the r im. This specifies that you want the hole to beconcentric with this edge.

Select the flat sur face at the bottom of the pocket. This specifies the surface where youwant the hole to be located. The Hole Definition window should appear.



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Using the Extension tab change the mode to Up To Last and the Diameter to 1 inch. Itmay already have those settings, if it does then it is not necessary to change them.

Using the Type tab change the type to Simple and select OK. This is the default type so itmay not be necessary to change it. The hole should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.


Select the top sur face of the bottom plate as indicated by the arrow. This specifies thatyou want the hole to be approximately between the small radius and large radius on thatsurface. The Hole Definition window should appear.



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Using the Extension tab change the mode to Up To Last and the Diameter to 1 inch. Itmay already have those settings, if it does then it is not necessary to change them.

Using the Type tab change the type to Tapered and change the Angle to 45 and selectPreview. The hole should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Using the Type tab change the type to Counterbored, the Diameter to 1.5 and the Depthto .25 and select Preview. The hole should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Using the Type tab change the type to Counterdrilled, the Diameter to 1.5, the Depth to.25 and the Angle to 120 and select Preview. The hole should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

Using the Type tab change the type to Countersunk, the Depth to .25 and the Angle to90 and select OK. The hole should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

The previous steps took you through the different types of holes that you can create. Thereare some other options available under the Extension tab. Most of those options apply toBlind holes and you should make sure you are aware of them. The option that is notcovered in this exercise that you definitely want to understand is the option to change thedirection of the hole. This option works exactly the same as it did when you created pads. The thread options are not covered in this exercise but if you use those options, your holeicon in your specification tree will appear with a thread notation. When you create adrawing from this part the thread notation will appear in the appropriate views.



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To finish this exercise you are going to create five more holes on the top surface of thebottom plate and then constrain all of them and the previous hole. All the holes arecountersunk holes using a depth of .25 and an angle of 90.


Create five holes at the approximate locations indicated by the arrows. The holesshould be Countersunk, with a Depth of .25 and an Angle of 90. The diagram shownbelow shows the locations. If you have trouble, please refer back to the previous steps.

After you have finished creating the holes the part should appear similar to the diagramshown below.



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Constrain the locations of the six holes using the constraints as shown below. Thisdiagram is given just to show you the constraint values, you will have to constrain each holeindividually. It is suggested that you use the planes when constructing your constraints. Notice that only the previous holes appear when you constrain, this is because of thelocation you are at in the specification tree. You will get more involved with thespecification tree at a later time.

Note: This is not the suggested method to use when creating a group of identical holes. Later in class you will learn how to define a pattern that can be applied to an object such asa hole.

Save your document.



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Rib

The rib icon allows you to use a sketch to define a profile and then use another sketch todetermine the path that the profile will follow. When you create a rib a Rib Definitionwindow appears like the one shown below.

The options are discussed below.

Profile defines the shape that is supposed to be used for the rib

Center curve defines the path that is to be followed by the profile

Profile control

Keep angle keeps the profile at the same orientation with respect to thecenter curve as it is initially as it follows the curve

Pulling direction defines an orientation that you want the profile to keep as itfollows the center curve

Reference surface defines a surface that controls the orientation of the profile tobe normal to the surface as it follows the center curve

Merge ends creates material between the ends of the rib and existing material in specificcases

Open the rib document and save with your initials. You should see three sketches thathave been created for you.

Select the r ib icon. This will allow you to create a rib using the sketches.

Select Sketch.1. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourrib.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies the center curve that you want your profile to follow. Youare going to use the Keep angle option therefore you are ready to select Preview.



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Select Preview. A preview of the rib appears and should look similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Notice that the orientation with respect to the center curve is the same from beginning toend as it followed the curve. The orientation was determined by the initial orientation thesketch had with the center curve. Next you will define a pulling direction using the thirdsketch to see the difference.

Change the Profile control to Pulling direction. You now have to define a direction.

Select the ver tical line of Sketch.3 and select Preview. This defines that edge as thepulling direction for the rib.

Select OK. The rib appears similar to the diagram shown below.



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Slot

The slot icon allows you to use a sketch to define a profile and then use another sketch todetermine the path that the profile will follow. The main difference between a slot and a ribis that the slot will remove the material instead of add material. When you create a slot aSlot Definition window appears like the one shown below.

The options are the same as the rib options but they are still discussed below.

Profile defines the shape that is supposed to be used for the slot

Center curve defines the path that is to be followed by the profile

Profile control

Keep angle keeps the profile at the same orientation with respect to thecenter curve as it is initially as it follows the curve

Pulling direction defines an orientation that you want the profile to keep as itfollows the center curve

Reference surface defines a surface that controls the orientation of the profile tobe normal to the surface as it follows the center curve

Merge ends removes material between the ends of the slot and existing material inspecific cases

Open the slot document and save with your initials. You should see a pad and a fewsketches that have been created for you.

Select the slot icon. This will allow you to create a slot using the sketches.

Select Sketch.2. This specifies that you want to use that sketch to define the profile of yourslot.

Select Sketch.3. This specifies the center curve that you want your profile to follow. Youare going to use the Keep angle option therefore you are ready to select OK.



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Select OK. The slot appears and should look similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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www.cadfamily.com



Stiffener

The stiffener icon allows you to create a stiffener by defining the shape of the stiffener in asketch. It will fill in the area between that sketch and the rest of the part. When you createa stiffener a Stiffener Definition window appears like the one shown below.

The options are explained below.

Thickness defines the thickness of the stiffener

Mirrored extent toggle between having the stiffener centered around the originalsketch or having it extrude in only one direction

Depth specifies which direction you want the stiffener to follow toward the part inorder to make the stiffener

Profile


This option is useful since you do not have to create a closed profile in your sketch. All youhave to do is create the outside edge of your stiffener and it will limit itself to the boundariesof your existing part similar to pad. In this exercise you will see that it does not extendunderneath the existing part are into the hole area of the part.

Open the stiffener document and save with your initials. You should see a part madeup of a few shapes.

Select the stiffener icon. This will allow you to create a stiffener using one of thesketches.

Select Sketch.8. This sketch is used to define the shape of the stiffener. A StiffenerDefinition window should appear.

Change the Thickness to .625 and make sure that Mirrored extent is on. You are nowready to build the stiffener.



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Select OK. The stiffener is created and should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

If you rotate your part around you will see that the stiffener limited itself to the existing part. It did not continue into the hole or underneath the part.

Later in this course you will learn how to use edges of your part to help constrain yoursketches. If you want to attempt to do this now you can try building a sketch on the centerplane by using the line option and constraining it to be tangent to both curved edges. Aftercreating the sketch you can create a stiffener on that side of the part as well.

Save your document.



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www.cadfamily.com


Modifications to Shapes, Page 177© Wichita State University

Modifications to Shapes

This part of the book will cover the icons that are available to let you modify your parts. These options include filleting, chamfering, applying draft angles, shelling, adding thicknessand adding thread definition to your existing part. You will also learn how to modify thevalues that were used when creating basic shapes.

Fillet

The fillet icon allows you to create fillets on interior edges and rounds on exterior edges. The program will determine whether you want a fillet or a rounded edge based on the typeof edge that is selected. There are a few options when creating fillets.

creates a fillet or round along edges of your part

Radius the radius of the fillet or round

Object(s) to fillet the edge or face that needs to be filleted

Propagation Tangency will propagate around tangencies

Minimal will only fillet the selected edge

Edge(s) to keep defines rolling edges for your fillet



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Modifications to Shapes, Page 178 ©Wichita State University

creates a variable radius fillet or round along edges of your part

Points the locations along an edge that you can specify a different radius

Variation Cubic maintains tangencies as it varies

Linear varies linearly, following a straight line

Circle Fillet allows you to create a fillet that maintains its circular shape whileusing a spine, this option could be used to create a fillet along twoconsecutive edges that are not tangent continuous that you want to betreated as a single edge

creates a fillet connecting two faces

Faces to fillet the faces that you want to use to fillet between

creates a tri-tangent fillet using three faces

Face to remove the third tangent face that will be removed when the fillet isgenerated



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Open the fillet document and save with your initials. You should see the following part.

Select the tr itangent fillet icon. This will allow you to create a fillet using two facesto determine the sides of the fillet and a third face that the fillet will be tangent to.

Select the left flat side. The side should highlight. You may have to rotate the part in orderto select the other side.

Select the r ight flat side. The side should highlight. Notice in the Tritangent FilletDefinition window that it automatically moved to Face to remove. The next face that youselect will be removed and the fillet will be created tangent to that face.

Select the front end of the par t. This is the end that does not have the stiffener.

Select OK. The front end of the part is filleted. It should appear similar to the diagramshown below.



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Select the edge fillet icon. This will allow you to specify a radius and then selectedges that you want filleted or rounded.

Change the radius to .125.

Select the edges as shown in the diagrams below. Sometimes the fillet outcome can varydepending on which edges you select first. For our case select the angled lines first.

Select OK. The fillets should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Notice that in the corners the fillets come to a sharp edge. This is because you missedselecting two of the edges. Fortunately this is not your fault because that is what you wereinstructed to do. This gives you an opportunity to modify your fillet and include those twoedges.



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Double click on EdgeFillet.1 in the specification tree. This opens up the Edge FilletDefinition window and allows you to either add or remove edges to be filleted.

Select the two edges shown in the diagram below. Notice that the other seven edgesremain selected since you selected them the first time.


Save your document.



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Open the other fillets document and save with your initials. You should see thefollowing part.

Select the edge fillet icon. This will allow you to put radius corners on the front twoedges of the part.

Change the value of the Radius to be .5 and select the two front edges of the par t asshown above.


Select the edge fillet icon. This time you are going to define edges to keep.

Select the More>> option and then select in the Edge(s) to keep box. This will allow youto select the rolling edges.



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Select the three edges as shown below. The edges should turn a pink color.

Select in the Object(s) to fillet box and select the edges as shown below. The radius valueshould still be 0.5.




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Select the var iable radius fillet icon. This will allow you to create a variable radiusfillet along the top outside edge of the base.

Select the top outside edges of the base as shown below. Radius values should appear atthe ends of each edge selected.

Change the radii on the two sides to be 0.25 (4 places) and the radii on the front edgeto be 0.125 (2 places) and select OK. The fillet should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Save your document.



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Chamfer

The chamfer icon allows you to create chamfers either by using two lengths or using alength and an angle. This will basically remove a sharp corner and replace it with an angledcorner. The Chamfer Definition window appears below along with an explanation of itsoptions.

Mode Length1/Angle the length is the distance from the sharp cornerback to the start of the chamfer and the angle isthe angle the chamfer will use when created

Length1/Length2 the lengths specify the distance from the sharpcorner back to the start and end of the chamfer

Object(s) to chamfer these are the edges or faces that you wish to chamfer

Propagation Tangency will propagate around tangencies

Minimal will only chamfer the selected edge

Reverse reverses the direction of the first length

Open the chamfer2 document and save with your initials. You should see thefollowing part.



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Select the chamfer icon. This will allow you to create a chamfer along an edge. TheChamfer Definition window should appear.

Change the Mode to Length1/Length2. This allows you to specify two lengths which arethe distances from the sharp corner to the beginning and ending of the chamfer.

Change Length1 to be 1 inch and Length2 to be .5 inches. You want the chamfer tobegin 1 inch from the sharp corner and end .5 inches from the corner in the other direction.

Select the edges shown in the diagram below.

Make sure the direction is pointing across and not down, if it is not select the Reversebox. This will force the chamfer to start 1 inch over and end .5 inches down.

Select OK. The chamfer is created and should look similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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www.cadfamily.com



Draft Angle

The draft angle icon allows you to put draft angles on your part. This is useful whendesigning molded parts since it is necessary for them to have draft angles in order for thepart to be removed from the mold. There are two options when creating draft angles.

creates draft angles along faces of a part

Angle angle of the draft

Face(s) to draft faces to be drafted

Selection by neutral face selects the faces that are adjacent to the neutral face

Neutral Element

Selection the element that is to remain neutral and the angle is based offof this neutral

Propagation None uses the element that is selected only

Smooth uses the element that is selected and adjacentelements that are tangent to the selectedelement

Pulling Direction

Selection the direction that the mold would be removed

Controlled by reference if toggled on then when you modify the pullingdirection element the draft will modify accordingly



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Parting Element

Parting = Neutral uses the neutral element as a parting element

Draft both sides applies the draft angle to both sides of the partingelement

Define parting element allows you to define a parting element other than theneutral element

Selection the element that is used as the parting element

This has some of the same options as discussed earlier except you can choose a curved faceand use its reflect lines to draft a side or sides.

The draft option uses colors to signify the different elements. The neutral element is blue,the neutral curve is pink and the faces to be drafted are dark red.

Open the document called draft and save it with your initials. If you prefer you couldopen your chamfer2 document and save it with the name draft. You should see thefollowing part.



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Select the draft angle icon. This will allow you to put draft angles on faces of yourpart. The Draft Definition window appears.

Change the Angle to 20 degrees.

Select the front face and the back face of the par t. You will have to rotate the partaround in order to select the back face.

Select in the Selection box under Neutral Element and select the top face of your par t. This makes the top face the neutral element.

Make sure the pulling direction is pointing up. If the arrow is not pointing up then youneed to select it to reverse its direction.

Select OK. The draft angles are applied to your part and it should appear similar to thediagram shown below.

You will now try applying a draft angle using the reflect lines option.

Select the draft reflect line icon. This allows you to select a curved face and applydraft angles to that side using the reflect lines of the curved face. The Draft Reflect LineDefinition window appears.



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Select the four curved faces of the par t. There are two curved faces on the left side andtwo curved faces on the right side. You can refer to the diagram shown above for areference. You may have to rotate your part around in order to select the other curved faces. Notice that neutral lines or reflect lines appear on the curved faces.

Make sure that the Angle is set to 20 degrees and that the pulling direction is pointingup and select OK. The draft angles are applied to the sides of the part and it should appearsimilar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Shell

The shell icon allows you to hollow out a part by selecting which faces you want removedand then specifying a wall thickness. This is a great option when working with thin walledparts. The Shell Definition window and its options are discussed below.

Default inside thickness how far in the wall thickness will go from the existing part

Default outside thickness how far out the wall thickness will go from the existing part

Faces to remove the faces that are going to be removed

Other thickness faces allows you to select faces and then specify a thickness fromthose faces other than the default thicknesses specified earlier

Open the document called shell and save it with your initials. The part should look likethe one shown below.

Select the shell icon. This will allow you to hollow out this part. The ShellDefinition window should appear.

Select the top face of the par t. This is the face that is going to be removed leaving a wallthickness. You can specify more than one face to be removed but in this case you will not.



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Change the Default inside thickness to .125 inches and the Default outside thickness to 0inches. When you specify a thickness you have to be careful not to specify too large of athickness because you can violate the radius of your curved faces. For example, this parthas radii of .25 and if you specify an Inside thickness equal to or greater than .25 then it willnot be able to perform the shell.

Select OK. The shell is performed and it should appear similar to the diagram shownbelow.

Save your document.



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Thickness

The thickness icon allows you to either add or remove thickness on a side of a part. Youwould normally use this option when you need to add thickness to a side made up of severalbasic shapes. Otherwise, you would just modify the shape that needs to be a differentthickness. The Thickness Definition window and its options are discussed below.

Default thickness the default amount of thickness that you want added orremoved, a negative value removes thickness

Default thickness faces the faces that you want the Default thickness to be applied to

Other thickness faces the faces that you want a different thickness applied to otherthan the Default thickness

Open the thick document and save it with your initials. The part should appear like theone shown below.

Select the thickness icon. This will allow you to add or remove thickness to a side. The Thickness Definition window should appear.



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Select the inside curved face of the outside cylinder . The face should highlight. Noticethat it propagated around to all tangent faces.

Change the Default thickness to .125 inches. This will add .125 inches to the thickness ofthat face.

Select OK. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Modifying values

When you create any of the basic shapes or perform any of the modifications to your partusing the options discussed earlier they appear in the specification tree. The values used tomake up those shapes or modifications are stored in those items. If you want to modify thevalues all you have to do is double click on the item in the tree and the definition windowfor that item will appear. This allows you to change any of the specifications in thewindow. You can also modify the sketch of any of the basic shapes by double clicking onthem as well. This will take you to sketcher mode and then you can modify the constraintsof the sketch.

The following exercises will have you make changes to some existing parts.

Open the modify1 document and save it with your initials. The part should appearsimilar to the one shown below.

Double click on Pad.2. Notice that the Pad Definition window appears. Also the onlything shown on the screen now is from Pad.2 on up, everything that occurred after Pad.2does not presently appear.

Change the Length to .5 inches and select OK. The pad becomes thicker.

Double click on EdgeFillet.2. Notice that the Edge Fillet Definition window appears.



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Change the Radius to .125 inches and select OK. The fillets change size. The part shouldnow appear similar to the one shown below.

Rotate the par t so you can see the pocket in the middle of the par t. It should looksimilar to the diagram shown below.

You are now going to modify the sketch of the pocket.



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Double click on Sketch.8. Notice that it automatically went into sketcher mode. Youshould see all of the constraints for the sketch.

Change the .25 radius constraint to be .375 inches. The sketch should change shape butstill be perfectly constrained.

Exit the sketcher by selecting the icon. This exits the sketcher and returns you toyour part. The part automatically updates reflecting the change you made to the sketch ofthe pocket.



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Open the modify2 document and save it with your initials. It should appear similar tothe one shown below.

Modify Hole.1 to have a diameter of 1.5 inches.

Change Hole.4 to use Up to Surface and select the inside of the big cylinder . Youshould be able to see the hole extend into the middle cylinder of the part.

Modify EdgeFillet.1 to use a radius of .625 inches.

Modify EdgeFillet.2 to use a radius of .125 inches. The part should look similar to thediagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Open the modify3 document and save it with your initials. It should appear similar tothe one shown below.

Modify Pad.3 to be .375 inches thick.

Modify Pad.4 to be Mirrored extent with a Length of .25 inches. This will make the pad.5 inches thick.

Modify EdgeFillet.2 to use a radius of .125 inches.

Change Hole.2 to be countersunk instead of counterbored and use an angle of 90degrees.

Change Hole.3 to use a 1 inch diameter and to be countersunk with an angle of 90degrees. The part should look similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Interfacing with Sketcher, Page 200 ©Wichita State University

Interfacing with Sketcher

In order to create many of the parts that you will be creating it is necessary for you to be ableto use existing part geometry to assist in making a sketch. This part of the book covers howto use existing sides of your part to define a sketch plane and how to use existing edges ofyour part to constrain your sketch.

Open the interface document and save it with your initials. A single pad should appearalready created for you.

Select the sketcher icon and select the face of the par t as shown below.

Notice that you were able to select a face of an existing part and use it to define the sketchplane. This gives you added flexibility instead of always using the three primary planes.

Create a box using the rectangle icon. It should be positioned and look similar to thediagram shown below.

Constrain the left side of the rectangle to be coincident with the left edge of the face. Notice that you will use the edge of the part to force the left side of the current sketch to becoincident with the left edge of that face.

Constrain the r ight side of the rectangle to be coincident with the r ight edge of theface.

Constrain the bottom of the rectangle to be coincident with the bottom edge of theface.



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Interfacing with Sketcher, Page 201© Wichita State University

Constrain the length of the r ight side to be 2.5 inches. The sketch should be perfectlyconstrained and appear similar to the one shown below.

Exit the sketcher and create a pad using this sketch that is .625 thick, it should extrudeinto the existing par t. The part now includes your new pad.

Select the sketcher icon and select the face of the par t as shown.



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Create and constrain the sketch as shown below. Notice that you will be using edges ofthe existing part to constrain some of your elements.

Exit the sketcher and create a pocket using this sketch and have it go all the waythrough the par t.




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Interfacing with Sketcher, Page 203© Wichita State University


Exit the sketcher and create a pad using this sketch, it should go .125 inches above theexisting face and go .75 inches below the existing face. This creates a .125 extension onboth sides of the part.




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Exit the sketcher and create a pocket using this sketch and have it go all the waythrough the par t. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Notice that it is not any harder to use part edges and faces to create your sketches. In fact itmakes life easier because you do not have to create planes in order to define your sketchplane, you can just use a face of the part. Also your constraints can then be based on theedges of your part and therefore will change if you modify that particular item. However,you must be careful because sometimes that can result in to problems. Now that youunderstand the basics of part design you will now learn some advanced techniques using thesketcher.

Save your document.



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3-D Elements on Sketch Plane, Page 205© Wichita State University

Advanced Sketcher

This section discusses the advanced features of sketcher and how they can be used to helpyou design parts. It will cover how to get 3-D elements from your part onto your sketchplane, use formulas, use construction geometry and use transformations.

3-D Elements on Sketch Plane

This part will cover how to get 3-D geometry from your part projected onto the sketchplane. If the geometry is projected properly it will update when the part is modified. Anexample of this is if an edge of a pad was projected, then that edge was moved due to somemodification, the projected elements would also be moved. Projected geometry is especiallyuseful when working with construction geometry covered later in this course. There are twoicons that will allow this to happen.

Project 3D Elements projects 3-D geometry to the sketch plane

Intersect 3D Elements intersects 3-D geometry with the sketch plane

Project 3D Silhouette Edges projects the implied edges of curved 3-D geometry

Open the 3D elements document and save with your initials. This part has two planespre-defined. A blue plane that is parallel to the YZ plane, and a green plane that is parallelto the XY plane.

Begin a sketch on the blue plane. This plane is going to have geometry projected to it.

Select the project 3-D element icon. Geometry will be projected in two differentmethods, selecting a face and selecting an edge.

Select the face that is shown in the diagram below. The boundary of the face is projectedto the plane as geometry.

Notice that the projected geometry is yellow. This means that the geometry is associated tothe part. If the part changes then the projected geometry will also change. You have theoption of isolating the geometry using the third mouse button while on the geometry.



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3-D Elements on Sketch Plane, Page 206 ©Wichita State University

Select the project 3-D element icon. This time, geometry will be projected in such amanner that it will be updated when the pad is modified.

Select the edge that is shown in the diagram below. This time you will only project asingle edge to the sketch plane.

Exit the sketch. You will see that the geometry was actually projected to the blue plane asshown below.

Star t a sketch on the green plane. This time, geometry will be intersected with the sketchplane instead of projected.

Select the intersect 3-D elements icon. You will intersect the geometry with thesketch plane.



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Select Rear Body from the specification tree. A warning message is displayed. It istelling you that the geometry is not associated with the part and will not be updated whenthe part is changed.

Select OK.

Select intersect 3-D elements icon. This time, you will intersect selecting a face ofthe part.

Select a side face of the Stiffener as shown below. This time the geometry is associatedwith the part, and will change when the part is changed.



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3-D Elements on Sketch Plane, Page 208 ©Wichita State University

Exit the sketch. The sketch geometry is displayed on the sketch plane as shown in thediagram below.

If geometry is selected that does not intersect the sketch plane, then an error message will bedisplayed, and nothing will happen.

Save your document.



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Open the 3D elements 2 document and save with your initials. This part has a pulleyand a plane pre-defined. The plane is parallel to the zx plane.

Begin a sketch on the parallel plane. This plane is going to have geometry projected to it.

Select the project 3-D elements icon. You are going to try to project the curved edgeof the pulley to the sketch plane.

Select the curved edge (face) of the pulley as shown below. You will notice only thecenter line shows up.

Select the undo icon. You were trying to get the curved edge projected not thecenterline therefore you are undoing that projection.

Select the project 3-D silhouette edges icon. This will allow you to project thecircular edges of a part.

Select the curved edge (face) of the pulley again. The boundary of the face is projected tothe plane as geometry. Notice both edges the right and left side were projected to the sketchplane and are associated to the 3-D geometry.

Exit the sketcher . It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.



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Construction Geometry, Page 210 ©Wichita State University

Construction Geometry

Construction geometry is useful when you need an element to exist in order to constrainyour sketch but you do not want that element to be part of your sketch when in part design. This part of the book will use construction geometry, as well as projected 3-D elements tobuild sketches.

Open the construction geometry document and save with your initials. This part hasa pad already built for you.

Star t a sketch on the top face. On this face you are going to sketch a slot that isconstrained using construction geometry and projected elements.

Project the top face to the sketch plane. This will project the elements, while keepingthem associated with the original pad.

While the geometry is highlighted, select the construction/standard element icon from

the bottom toolbar . This will turn the geometry to construction geometry (geometry

that only exists in the sketch plane). The geometry should now be dashed, rather than solid.

Project the bottom edge to the sketch plane as shown below. This will completethe construction geometry needed from the existing part. Other construction geometry willbe created as needed.

Notice the geometry is already set as construction. The construction/standard icon will stayhighlighted until it is selected again.

Switch back to a normal view of the sketch plane.

Sketch a ver tical line down the center of the par t. This line will be the center of the part. Notice that the line is construction geometry. Make sure that the line is not highlightedbefore continuing.



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Construction Geometry, Page 211© Wichita State University

Select the constraint icon. You are going to constrain the vertical line to be in thecenter of the other two vertical lines.

Select the left ver tical line, then the r ight ver tical line and using the third mousebutton while on the constraint select Allow symmetry line.

Select the center ver tical line. This will define the outside lines to be symmetric to thecenter line forcing the center line to be centered between the two lines.

Select the construction/standard element icon. This allows you to create standardgeometry instead of construction geometry.

Sketch a slot on the bottom half of the par t as shown below. Remember the slot iconunder the rectangle icon.

The center of the slot created is a construction line. That construction line is going to becentered between the bottom two horizontal projected lines.



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Construction Geometry, Page 212 ©Wichita State University

Constrain the center line of the slot to be centered between the bottom two projectedhor izontal lines. The construction line should turn green, and symmetry symbols shouldappear.

Constrain the slot as shown below using the projected geometry.

Now the slot is completely constrained. You will now create two circles and constrain themwith the center vertical line.

Create two circles and constrain them as shown below.

Exit the sketch.

Using the sketch use pocket to remove the mater ial with the Type set to Up to last. Thepocket is now made. Now, when the pad changes, the sketch will modify with it.

Change the Length of Pad.1 to 10 inches instead of 6 inches. Notice the slot changeddimensions with the changing of the pad and the two holes stayed 1.25 inches from thecenter line. You do not see the center line because it is construction geometry and is onlyseen in the sketcher.



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Construction Geometry, Page 213© Wichita State University

Change the sketch of Pad.1 to be 7 inches wide instead of 5 inches. Notice that the slotmoved to stay centered and the holes moved to stay 1.25 inches from the bottom edge. Thepart should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Construction geometry does not always need to be generated. The edges of the part can beused directly from the part.

Star t a new sketch on the top of the par t. This time you are going to create another slotaround the current one. You want the new slot to be .25 inches away from the other slot,while the centers of the ends stay in the same place.

Sketch a slot in the same place as the other slot, but larger .

Constrain the sketch so that the two curved ends are concentr ic with the existing slotand that they are .25 inches away from the existing slot.

Exit the sketch.



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Advanced Constraints, Page 214 ©Wichita State University

Using the sketch use pocket to remove the mater ial with the Type set to Up to plane andselect the face as shown below. The pocket is now made. Now, when the pad changes, thesketch will modify with it.

Any changes made to the part will be reflected in the slots. Try making modifications to thepad definition, or the original pad sketch and notice how they affect the position of the holesand slots.

Save your document.



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Advanced Constraints, Page 215© Wichita State University

Advanced Constraints

This part will cover advanced constraining methods. You will also be using constructiongeometry to define some of your advanced constraints.

Open the advanced constraints document and save with your initials. Thisdocument has a pre-defined sketch and constraints.

Double click on the Profile Sketch. This will allow you to modify the sketch. Notice thesketch is over constrained.

Press the third mouse button while on the leftmost distance constraint (3.55). This willbring up a menu of options that can be performed on this constraint.



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Select the Offset.19 object option. This will bring up a window with more options.

Select Definition... This will bring up the Constraint Definition window. This optionallows you to change the value of the constraint or you can specify that it is a referencedimension only and therefore is not used as a constraint. If this is done then as the sketch ismodified, the reference dimension will change as that distance changes but it does not forcethat distance to be any certain amount.

Select the Reference box and select OK. This will change the constraint to be a referencedimension rather than an actual constraint. Notice that the sketch is perfectly constrainedand that the dimension appears in parentheses signifying that it is reference only.

Press the third mouse button while on the constraint next to the reference dimension(1.902). This will bring up a menu of options that can be performed on this constraint.



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Select the Offset.21 object option. This will bring up a window with more options.

Select Edit formula. This will bring up the Formula Editor window.

The Formula Editor will allow you to enter a variety of formulas. Simple mathematicalformulas to advanced formulas, such as engineering strain equations, can be entered in theFormula Editor. Based on the formula, a value will be calculated. Many times theseformulas depend on other constraints in the sketch, so when that constraint is modified, theformulated constraint will automatically recalculate. This class will cover simple formulasbut feel free to make them as complex as necessary to get the proper results.

Notice that the first box contains the current constraint name and the second box is wherethe formula is entered. You are going to enter a formula that will make this constraint behalf the distance of the reference dimension that you specified earlier.

Enter 0.5* in the second box. You are going to make this constraint equal to half of thereferenced dimension. In order to specify the referenced dimension you just have to selectthe value and it will automatically put it in the box for you.

Select the referenced dimension (3.55) and select OK. The constraint adjusts, and a f(x)symbol appears next to it. This denotes a formulated constraint, and cannot be modifieddirectly. If the constraint is to be modified, then the formula has to be deleted.

Edit the formula of the bottom constraint (1.372). Use the same process as previouslycovered. The Formula Editor window should appear.



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In the Formula Editor window set the constraint to equal the previously formulatedconstraint and select OK (1.775). This will set the constraint to be exactly the same as theother.

Edit the formula on the top constraint (4.369). You are going to make this constraintequal two inches more than the bottom constraint. The Formula Editor window shouldappear.

Select the bottom constraint (1.775). This enters that constraint to be used in the formula.

Key +2in after the constraint name in the second box. The (in) is mandatory, otherwise,the system does not know what units you are using. The units used can be any length unit: in, ft, mi, mm, cm, km, etc.

Select OK. The length is now two inches longer than the bottom constraint.

Edit the formula on the radius. You are now going to make the radius equal to 1/3 thevalue of the bottom constraint. The Formula Editor window should appear.

Key 1/3* in the second box. This will make the new constraint be one third of the nextconstraint you select. Putting the fraction in the parentheses is necessary.



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Select the bottom constraint (1.775). This will make the value of the radius equal onethird the length of that constraint. If you were to use a fraction after a value then you needto put the fraction in parentheses in order for it to calculate that value first.

Modify the r ight dimension (2.197) to be twice the length of the dimension just below it(1.354). Notice how some of the constraint changed automatically because they are basedof that length.

Modify the bottom unformulated constraint (5.482) to be four times the length of the(1.354) constraint.

Change the angle constraint to be 70 degrees. You will not put a formula on the angleconstraint. You are now going to animate your last dimension constraint to visualize theformulas in action.

Select the animate constraint icon and select the last unformulated length (1.354). Thiswill bring up the Animate Constraint window.



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Set the First value to 1.0, the Last value to 3.0, and the Number of steps to 40. This willmake our constraint animate between 1 and 3 inches, with forty intermediate steps.

Select the loop icon from the Animate Constraint window. This will make theanimation run continuously.

Select the forward icon and watch the other dimensions change with the animatedconstraint.

Select Cancel. This will stop the animation of the constraints, and return them back to theoriginal position.

Change the 1.354 constraint to be 1.5.

Press the third mouse button while on the 1.5 constraint. This will bring up a menu ofoptions that can be performed on this constraint.

Select the Length.10 object option. This will bring up a window with more options.

Select Display with Leader. This will allow you to display the constraint with a leaderarrow.

Press and hold the first mouse button while on the 1.5 constraint and drag it out to ther ight. You see a leader arrow appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You can turn the leader back off by following the same steps but now the option is toDisplay without Leader. You can also display the name and value instead of just the valueof the constraint. You are going to do that now.



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Press the third mouse button while on the 1.5 constraint. This will bring up a menu ofoptions that can be performed on this constraint.


Select Name/Value Display. This will allow you to display the constraint name along withits value. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

You can change the display back to just the value by following the same steps but now theoption is Value Display. Using similar options you can also Deactivate and Activate theconstraint. When you deactivate a constraint a little () symbol appears near the constraint. This exercise will not have you deactivate or activate any constraints but try it out on yourown. The last thing you will do with the constraint is to rename it.

Press the third mouse button while on the Length.10=1.5 constraint. This will bring upa menu of options that can be performed on this constraint.


Select Rename parameter. This will bring up an Edit Parameter window.



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In the left box change the name to be Lower_Height.

Select OK. Now you can reference that constraint using formulas in another sketch or evenin Part Design by using this parameter name. This is an excellent way of building“knowledge” into your design. You will explore some of those options a little later in thecourse.

Exit the sketch, and create a pad 6 inches wide using the sketch.

You do not have to use formulas for every sketch, however, with the use of formulas youcan make your sketch easier to modify and you start to add “knowledge” to your geometry. Sometimes formulas are generated automatically when performing actions such as corneringmultiple corners at the same time.

Save your document.



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Sketch Transformations, Page 223© Wichita State University

Sketch Transformations

This part will cover the various transformation icons within the sketcher. There are avariety of options when performing transformations on your sketch. You can symmetry,translate, rotate, scale and offset existing geometry using transformations.

symmetry copies geometry across a symmetry line

translate moves or copies geometry in a specified direction

rotate rotates geometry, it can duplicate or replace

scale scales geometry, it can duplicate or replace

offset offsets geometry in a normal direction while copying

Open the sketch transformation symmetry document and save with your initials. Symmetry transformations are the most useful of the transformations. Symmetry constraintsare built when the transformation is applied, hence, this could be very useful when making asymmetric part of any type. This part has a sketch pre-built. You are going to symmetry thesketch about the given center lines

Edit the sketch. The sketch is fully constrained (the constraints are hidden) except forposition with two symmetry lines.

Select the symmetry icon. You will be able to symmetry any number of geometricelements about a line.



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Sketch Transformations, Page 224 ©Wichita State University

Select the profile. Using the mouse you can select the entire profile by holding down thefirst mouse button and dragging a box around the profile. This will allow all of thegeometry to be selected. For this exercise, it is not necessary to select all the geometry atthe same time, but when working with a more complex document, it may be desirable toselect many elements at the same time. When selecting the profile be careful not to selectgeometry that crosses the mirror line because this can cause an artificial edge to begenerated when you use this sketch in part design.

Select the ver tical construction line. This will define the mirror line. The geometry isduplicated on the other side of the symmetry line. Notice the symmetry symbols on bothprofiles. These elements are now linked to one another and when the left profile is changed,the right profile will change also.

If you want you can symmetry both profile across the horizontal construction line.

Note: The symmetry line does not have to be a construction line. The line can be standardor construction. Also, the geometry that you are using can be selected either before or afterselecting the icon.

Feel free to show the constraints and change them to visualize the symmetry working.

Exit the sketch.

Save your document.



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Open the sketch transformation translate offset document and save with yourinitials. This is another document with a pre-defined sketch. This sketch is to havetranslations and offsets applied to it.

Edit the sketch.

Select the translate icon. This will allow geometry to be translated.

Duplicate

Instance(s) defines how many instances will be created,only applies in Duplicate mode

Duplicate mode duplicates the geometry when translated

Conservation of the constraints reproduces similar constraints on the translatedprofile when in Duplicate mode

Length

Value defines the length of the translation

Snap Mode forces the length to snap to the grid defined in your sketcher

Translations work in three steps. First you define what is to be translated, then you selectthe reference point, and then define a destination point.

Select the spline. A blue cursor will appear. This means that it is ready for you to selectthe reference point.

Select the point closest to the axis. This defines the point that is to be translated. Thispoint can be on the geometric element but it does not have to be.

The next point can either be at an exact location, or just an arbitrary location. To obtain anexact distance, key a distance in the Translation Definition window, or another known pointcan be selected.



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Select about six inches above and to the r ight of the current spline. This will create anew, duplicated spline.

Notice no special constraints are added.

Select the undo icon.

Translate the spline again this time using the Conservation of the constraints option. Notice that constraints were automatically generated on the new spline similar to the onesthat were on the original spline.

Select the undo icon. You may want to try out the various options to make sure youhave a good understanding of them. These options are available when using some of theother transformations as well.

Select the offset icon. There are many sub-options that appear when defining anoffset, they are explained below. Once you specify the element the options appear and youcan define an offset by either just selecting a location or by specifying a distance in theOffset area.

offsets a single element

offsets the element selected and propagates along any tangencies

offsets the element selected and propagates along any connected geometry

will perform a double offset and can be used in conjunction with any of the otherthree options

Make sure the single element icon is selected with double offset being off andselect the spline. This defines what is to be offset.

Select just above the spline. This creates a spline offset, parallel, to the original. You willnow use the other profile and try out the other options of offsetting.



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The rest of this exercise uses the other profile found in this sketch as shown below.

You are going to do a series of offsets using different options each time and then undoingthem.

Select the offset icon.

Select the single element icon.

Select the top line and select a location above it. Only that line gets offset.




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Select the tangency propagation icon. This will grab all elements that arecontinuous in tangency to the selected element.

Select the top line and select a location above it. Notice that the curve and other line wereoffset as well because they were tangency continuous to the selected element.


Select the point propagation icon. This will grab all elements that are connectedwith the selected element.

Select the top line and select a location above it. Notice that the entire profile wasselected since it is a closed profile and all of the geometry is connected to the selectedelement through points.




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Select the double offset icon. This will allow the geometry to be offset in bothdirections at the same time. The point propagation icon should still be activated.

Select the top line and select a location above it. Notice that the entire profile was offsetin both directions.

If a red symbol appears when you are trying to select your offset location you cannot selectthere because it violates a dimension. This is common when offsetting a circle inward andyou try to offset it beyond the radius of the circle. Hopefully this gives you a good ideawhat each option allows you to do.

Save your document.



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Open the sketch transformation rotate document and save with your initials. Thisdocument also has a pre-defined sketch. In the sketch there is a keyhole that needs to berotated about the center multiple times.

Edit the sketch.

Select the rotate icon. The rotate option is a four step process. You must define thegeometry to be rotated, a point of rotation, a reference line and then an angle. You may alsodefine a starting point and ending point to determine the angle instead of defining areference line and an angle.

The various options are the same as translate except you can define an angle instead of alength.

Select all of the keyhole. This can either be accomplished by holding Ctrl and selecting thegeometry, or by selecting and dragging a box around the keyhole.

Change the number of Instance(s) to 5, make sure Duplicate mode is on andConservation of the constraints is off. This will make five duplicates of the keyhole atequal distances around the rotation axis. You now have to define the rotation point or thecenter of the rotation.

Select in the center of the sketch. This will define the point that you want the geometry torotate around. Instead of defining a reference line and then an angle you are going to definea starting point of the angle and then the ending point of the angle.

Select the outside corner just below the keyhole. This defines the beginning of the angle.



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Select the outside corner just above the keyhole. Notice the five keyholes fan out as thecursor is moved towards the second corner. This defines the end of the angle.

There should be a total of six keyholes evenly spaced about the center of the part. Noticethere are no constraints on any of the other keyholes.

Be sure no elements are selected before the next step.

Select the scale icon. This will allow you to scale geometry larger or smaller.

The options are the same as translate except you specify a value for the scale instead of alength.

Make sure the Duplicate mode is off.

Select all of the sketch. Next, a scale point will need to be defined.



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Select in the center of the HV axis. The part will now be scaled about this point.

Change the Value to be 1.5 and select OK. This will scale the sketch to be one and a halftimes its original size.

Save your document.



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Sketch Analysis

Open the sketch analysis document and save with your initials. This document alsohas a pre-defined sketch.

Select the pad icon and select the sketch. A Feature Definition Error window appears,stating that your sketch has points that are standard geometry and they need to beconstruction geometry.

Select No. This will close the error window.

Deactivate the pad icon. This gets out of the pad creation mode.

Edit the sketch. You will now correct the problem using the Sketch Analysis option underthe Tools pull down menu.

Select Sketch Analysis under the Tools pull down menu. This will run a sketch analysison your sketch and display a window with the results as shown below.



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If you have a good sketch then there should only be closed profiles under DetailedInformation. As you can see there is an open profile, an isolated line and an isolated point. The error message you received earlier gave you an idea that there was a problem with apoint but that was it. You should notice three icons under Corrective Actions, these iconsallow you to quickly fix your sketch and are described below.

changes the geometry to construction geometry

closes the open sections of a profile

erases the geometry

In this case you will change the point to construction geometry.

Select Point.22 in the Sketch Analysis window.

Select the construction geometry icon in the window. Notice that the point disappearsfrom the Sketch Analysis window because it is no longer considered to be a problem.

Select Close. This will exit the Sketch Analysis window. You will now try to make a padout of this sketch again even though the sketch analysis still shows some problems.

Exit the sketcher .

Try to create a pad with the sketch. Another Feature Definition Error window appears asshown below.

Notice that this error message now tells you that you have open contours (profiles) or somegeometry that needs to be construction geometry instead of standard. You will now go backin to your sketch and correct those problems using the sketch analysis tool.

Select No. This will close the error window.

Deactivate the pad icon. This gets out of the pad creation mode.

Edit the sketch. You will now correct the problem using the Sketch Analysis option underthe Tools pull down menu.

Select Sketch Analysis under the Tools pull down menu. This will run a sketch analysison your sketch again.



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Select Line.6 from the Sketch Analysis window.

Select the construction geometry icon. The line disappears from the window because it isno longer considered to be a problem. Notice that the center line has changed toconstruction geometry, that was Line.6. You still have an open profile that needs to beclosed. If you look at the lower right corner you will see that is where the problem islocated.

Select the open profile in the window.

Select the close icon. This will close the profile changing the status to closed as shown inthe window.

Note: You need to be careful using the close option because if you have two lines that havea break in between them and you close the profile it will just trim one of the lines to theother. What you would want to do is erase one of the lines and then trim the other one,otherwise you generate a false edge on your pad. You are now ready to create the pad.

Select Close. This will close the Sketch Analysis window.

Exit the sketcher and create a 1 inch pad using the sketch.

Save your document.



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Part Transformations, Page 237© Wichita State University

Advanced Part Design

Part Transformations

This section will cover how to perform transformations on your part. The availabletransformations are translate, rotate, symmetry, mirror and scale. These icons can be veryuseful for increasing your efficiency in your part design. The icons are explained below.

translates your part a specified direction and distance without copying

rotates your part around a specified axis and angle without copying

mirrors your part around a specified plane without copying

mirrors an object or list of objects around a specified plane while copying

scales your part based off a reference point and specified scale

Note: It is important to remember that all of these options other than the mirror optionwork on the entire part from current position in the specification tree on up.

Open the transformations document and save with your initials. This part has beenpre-created for you. This section will translate, rotate, symmetry, mirror, and scale this part.

Select the translation icon. This will allow a part to be translated along a selected

direction. The Translation Definition window appears. You have to define a Direction anda Distance.



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Part Transformations, Page 238 ©Wichita State University

Select the lower straight edge of par t as shown below. By selecting an edge of your part,you define a direction for the translation.

A green symbol will appear on your part with two arrows. If you wanted to you could selectone of those arrows and drag it to define the translation otherwise you can key in a specificdistance in the window.

Change the Distance to 2.0. The distance is measured in the positive direction of the edge.

Select OK. The part is now translated two inches to the left. A Translate branch appears inyour specification tree. Now you will rotate the part.

Select the rotate icon. This will allow the part to be rotated about any given axis, agiven angle. The Rotate Definition window appears. You have to define an Axis and anAngle.

Select the same edge of the par t. This defines the rotation axis. The part will rotate aboutthis line, positive direction being clockwise. Once again a green symbol appears with twoarrows. You can define the rotation using these arrows or key in a specific angle.

Change the Angle to be 270. This will change the part to be vertical. The alternative to270 degrees would be -90 degrees.

Select OK. The part is now rotated 270 degrees about the axis selected. A Rotate branchappears in your specification tree. Next, you will symmetry the part along the open face tomake a right-handed part versus a left handed part.



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Select the symmetry icon. This will allow symmetrical parts to be made about anygiven face or plane, while not keeping the original part. The Symmetry Definition windowappears. You have to define a Reference element for the part to mirrored across.

Select the open face as shown below. The symmetry side of the part is displayed aswireframe, giving a preview of the part that is going to be created.

Select OK. The part is now a mirror image of the original part. A Symmetry branch appearsin your specification tree. This is useful for making left handed parts out of right handedparts or vice versa.

Delete the three previous transformations. The part returns back to the original position.

You are now going to mirror some of the geometry about a mirror plane. The differencebetween mirror and symmetry is that mirror will duplicate the geometry. The otherdifference with mirror is that it can be applied to a specific object or list of objects in thetree instead of to the whole body. If you want the mirror option to use something other thanthe entire body you must select those objects before selecting the mirror icon.

Select Pad.1 from the specification tree. It will use just this object when mirroring.



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Part Transformations, Page 240 ©Wichita State University

Select the mir ror icon. This will allow for the object to be mirrored, while keepingthe original object. The Mirror Definition window appears.

Select the face shown below as the Mirroring element. This will mirror the pad acrossthis face.

Select OK. The part has been mirrored making a closed loop. Notice only the pad wasmirrored and not the pockets. Normally in this case you would probably of wanted thepockets as well but this is just an exercise. From here, holes, slots and other manipulationscan be made to the part as though it was created as one piece.

Select the scaling icon. You can scale the part about any given plane or any point. Scaling about a plane will only make the scale ratio effect the part in the normal direction ofthe plane. Scaling about a point will make the entire part scale about that point. TheScaling Definition window appears. You have to define a Reference element and a Ratio.



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Select the point in the center of the three axis planes. This will define the point aboutwhich the part will be scaled. Notice the green symbol with the arrows. You can adjust thescale using them or you can specify a ratio in the window.

Change the Ratio to 2.0. A wireframe model is displayed showing a preview.

Select OK. The part is now scaled to twice its original size. A Scaling branch appears inthe specification tree.

Note: It is important to remember that the placement of the transformations in thespecification tree can drastically effect the results.

Save your document.



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Patterns, Page 242 ©Wichita State University

Patterns

In this section patterns will be applied to different holes and pockets on a part. Patterns arealso useful to quickly replicate any type of sketch across a part in a variety of ways.

creates a rectangular pattern

The First Direction and Second Direction tabs have the same options.

Parameters There are three options for which parameters you are going to use to createthe rectangular pattern. They are Instance(s) & Spacing, Instance(s) &Length and Spacing & Length.

Instance(s) the number of items you want the pattern to have in that direction

Spacing the distance between each instance

Length the total length of the pattern in that direction

Reference Direction

Reference element the element that specifies the direction for the pattern

Reverse reverses the reference direction

Object to Pattern

Object the item that is to be used when creating the pattern

Keep specifications keeps the specifications of the object, such as Up to next.



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Patterns, Page 243© Wichita State University

Position of Object in Pattern

Row in direction 1 the row where the original element should exist

Row in direction 2 the row where the original element should exist

Rotation angle the angle of the pattern in reference to the original element

Pattern Representation

Simplified representation allows you to specify which elements of the patternyou wish not to see in order to speed up response timewhen dealing with large patterns

The circular pattern has similar options under More>> , but they deal with angular andradial directions instead of first and second. Patterns can use either the entire part, a singleobject of the part or multiple objects of the part. If you want to use multiple objects youneed to select them before you select the icon.



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creates a circular pattern

Some options are the same as the rectangular pattern so they will not be covered again.

Axial Reference

Parameters There are four options for which parameters you are going to use tocreate the circular pattern. They are Instance(s) & angular spacing,Instance(s) & total angle, Angular spacing & total angle andComplete crown.

Instance(s) the number of items you want the pattern to have in each circle

Angular spacing the space between instances measured in degrees

Total angle the total span that the pattern should be defined in

Crown Definition

Parameters There are three options for which parameters you are going to use tocreate the circular pattern. They are Circle(s) & circle spacing,Circle(s) & crown thickness and Circle spacing & crown thickness.

Circle(s) how many circles should be used in the pattern

Circle spacing the distance between each circle

Crown thickness the total distance between the first and last circle



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creates a user defined pattern

Instances

Positions the sketch that is used to define the positions of the instances

Object to Pattern

Anchor defines how the pattern is positioned with respect to the originalobject

The following exercise will explore the various pattern definitions to create pegs and holes.

Open the patterns document and save with your initials. This part has several holes init as well as a square pocket that will be distributed throughout the part using patterns.

Select the rectangular pattern icon. This will generate rectangular patterns using aselected item or the entire part.



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Select the Peg. The peg can either be selected off of the tree, or from the part. TheRectangular Pattern Definition window appears.

There are two directions that can be specified when creating a rectangular pattern. They arethe First Direction and the Second Direction. When a Reference element is selected, a 1and 2 vector will be displayed. The vectors can be reversed by selecting the Reverse buttonin the window.

Select the Reference element box in the window. The box will highlight. In order tocreate a pattern the Reference element has to be defined. Depending on what element isselected, the pattern will be defined in different ways.

Select the bottom pocket face as shown below. This defines the face that will be thereference for the pattern. This also defines the positive direction for the 1 and 2 vector,these directions are the H and V axis directions of the sketch of the object that contains thatface.



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In the First Direction tab the following options need to be set: Parameters needs to beInstance(s) & Spacing, Instance(s) needs to be 3 and Spacing needs to be 2 inches. Thisdefines that in the first direction there should be 3 pegs with 2 inches between each one.

In the Second Direction tab the following options need to be set: Parameters needs tobe Spacing & Length, Spacing needs to be 1.5 inches and Length needs to be 4 inches. This defines that in the second direction the pegs should use 4 inches of space with 1.5inches between the pegs. This will create as many instances as necessary in order to notexceed a total length of 4 inches with 1.5 inches between each peg, which ends up definingthree rows.

Select OK. A square pattern of nine pegs have now been created. It should appear similarto the diagram shown below.

Next, the same type of pattern will be created, but this time it will be skewed to fit in theother end of the part.

Select the rectangular pattern icon.

Select the Large Hole. This defines the object that is to be used for the pattern.

Select the Reference element box in the window.

Select the same bottom pocket face. This will define the reference for the pattern. Thistime the same pattern that was used before is displayed. The pattern is in the wrongdirection and not slanted.

Select the Reverse button for the First Direction. This will make the 1 vector reversedbringing the holes back to the part.

Select the More>> button. This will bring up additional options for your pattern. You willchange the Rotation angle so that the pattern will fit in between the sides of the part.

Change the Rotation angle to -15. This will rotate the pattern negative fifteen degrees. Now the pattern lines up nicely with the tab.



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Select OK. The pattern is created and set in place at the angle you designated. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Next a circular pattern will be created with the smaller hole in the center.

Select the circular pattern icon. This allows you to create a circular pattern. Circular patterns work similar to rectangular patterns in that they can be defined in twodirections. With circular patterns, they are defined using an Axial Reference and a CrownDefinition. The Axial Reference defines how many times the holes are repeated around theaxis as well as the spacing of the holes as they rotate around the axis. The Crown Definitiondefines how many holes there are in the radial direction.

Select the Center Hole. This can be selected from the tree or by selecting the part. TheCircular Pattern Definition window should appear.

Select the Reference element box in the window. As with the rectangular pattern, areference element still has to be defined.

Select the bottom pocket face. This will display the wireframe holes before they arecreated. This will use the origin of the sketch of the object that contains that face as thecenter of the circular pattern.

In the Axial Reference tab the following options need to be set: Parameters needs to beComplete crown and the Instance(s) needs to be 8. This will have the pattern generate ina complete circle using eight holes equally spaced.

In the Crown Definition tab the following options need to be set: Parameters needs tobe Circle(s) & circle spacing, Circle(s) needs to be 3 and Circle spacing needs to be 1.25inches. This will force the pattern to used 3 circles with 1.25 inches between each circle.



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Select OK. This finishes the pattern definition. It should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Save your document.

There are times when holes, cutouts, or other geometry need to appear in a pattern that isneither rectangular or circular. The user pattern icon is useful because it allows you todefine your pattern using a sketch of points. The item that is used for the pattern will becentered on each point.

Select the user pattern icon. The pattern can now be defined by a user definedsketch of points.

Select the Square Cutout. This defines the object that will be used in the pattern.

Select the Flange Sketch. This is a sketch of points that are constrained to define the centerof the square cutout at various locations.



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Select OK. This will create square cutouts at all the locations of the pattern. It shouldappear similar to the diagram shown below.

By defining a series of points any type of pattern can be created, not just rectangular orcircular. If you wanted to use a sketch but not use all of the points in the sketch you havethe option of selecting the points after you have selected the sketch to remove them from thepattern. The other advantage of using a user defined pattern is that adding or removingelements of the pattern is as easy as creating or deleting a point from the sketch that wasused.

There are situations that occur when you need to change the size of one of the elements inthe pattern but not all of the elements in the pattern. The options you have are to redefinethe pattern and then add the additional element or to explode your pattern. Exploding yourpattern will cause each element in the pattern to be generated as an individual element. Youare going to do this now.

Using the third mouse button select on RectPattern.1. This will open a window withvarious options on it.



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Select the RectPattern.1 object at the bottom of the window. A new window shouldappear similar to the one shown below.

Select Explode. Notice a whole bunch of pegs appear in your specification tree and yourpart needs to be updated. These pegs are the result of CATIA creating a new pad forelement in the rectangular pattern.

Select the update icon. Your part should update. Now that each peg is independentyou can change just one of them.

Save your document.



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Modifying Parts, Page 253© Wichita State University

Modifying Parts

Many times it is necessary to modify parts after they have been finished. This is usually thecase for many production parts as they go through the manufacturing process. Thefollowing documents will have multiple modifications made to the part operationsthemselves, not the sketches. Modification of the sketches was covered earlier in the bookalong with making basic changes to the parameters of parts. You can modify the constraintsof a sketch when you are modifying the object that is using the sketch. As you will seewhen you double click on an object the sketch constraints of that object will appear on thescreen and you can double click on them to change their values without having to go in tothe sketch. These exercises will have you make some basic changes along with some moreinvolved changes to a part.

Open the modify4 document and save with your initials. This part has several differenttypes of operations applied. You will make several modifications to this part.

Change the Length of the Main Body to be 4 inches. This will change the height of theMain Body to 4 inches instead of 3 inches. Notice the slot no longer cuts all the waythrough the part.

Change the slot to go all the way through the main body. The disadvantage of using adimension value to define a pocket is that if your part changes the dimension value does notautomatically change. Whereas using the other options the length of the pocket is definedby an element or a side of the part. Therefore when you change the part the pocket willautomatically adjust to the those changes in most cases. It is suggested that you change thelimit Type of the pocket instead of just increasing the value of the dimension.

Change the Length of the Back Mount 1 to be 1 inch. This will change the pad definitionto be 1 inch tall.

Change the Small Hole Definition to have a .625 inch Diameter. This changes thediameter of all the holes in the part. The hole pattern also needs to be changed to add threemore rows of holes to the part.

Change the Small Hole Pattern to have 7 Instances. The hole pattern now has seven rowsof holes instead of four. Next, the hook slot will be changed so that it is parallel to the mainbody instead of at an angle.



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Modifying Parts, Page 254 ©Wichita State University

Change the Second Angle of the Hook Base to be 90 degrees. The Hook Base, Hook Top,and Hook Web all change with respect to the new angle. Next, the Hook Web will bechanged to be thicker.

Change the Hook Web to have a Thickness of .375 inches. The web thickness is now .75(.375 mirrored) instead of .5 in.

All of those changes were just a matter of modifying the parameters of the various elements.You can also insert new objects into your tree by defining which object is the Work Objectand then the next operation will occur right after that object. The object that is underlined inthe tree is the Work Object. You are going to insert a new pad in your part right after theBack Mount 1 object.

Select the third mouse button while on the Back Mount 1 object. An options panel willdisplay.

Select the Define In Work Object option. This will display the part back to the point that itwas at when the Back Mount 1 pad was made. This can be done at any point in the tree. This is very useful when wanting to go back and add to the part.



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Create a sketch on the bottom of the par t. A rectangular mounting plate is going to beadded to the front of the part. Create and constrain the sketch as shown below.

Create a pad that is .75 inches thick using the sketch. The pad should go from the bottonof the part up .75 inches so you need to make sure your direction is correct. This adds thepad into the part just after the Back Mount 1.

Notice that the new pad is underlined because it is the Work Object, therefore your part onlydisplays what has occurred up to that point. You will change the Work Object so that it willdisplay the entire part taking in to account all the operations.

Change the PartBody to be the Work Object. You do this the same way as you did beforeusing the third mouse button. This will show all the part operations that have been appliedto the PartBody. Now you will add fillets to the new pad.

Double Select on the Fillets. The Edge Fillet Definition window displays. Howeverinstead of changing the size of the fillets you are going to add additional edges to your filletoperation.



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Where the new pad is located, select all the edges next to the Main Body and thosealong the top of the pad. The diagram shown below will show you which edges on oneside of the part except for the hidden edge. You will need to select those same edges on theother side. In the end, you should have selected an additional 16 edges, 8 on each side,making a total of 58 edges selected. You can also remove edges from your fillet definitionby selecting edges that have already been defined.

Select OK. The new fillets are now added in. It should appear similar to the diagramshown below.

Save your document.



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You can also change the properties of your objects or of the whole body. You will continueworking with this part and change some of the graphic properties of your part along withrenaming your part body.

Select the third mouse button while on PartBody. This brings up the options panel. Youwill be changing the properties of the body.

Select Properties from the window. This opens a new window similar to the one shownbelow. You will change the name of the body first and then some of the graphic properties.

Select the Feature Properties tab. You will see a Name box and you can change the nameby changing the text in the box.

Change the name from PartBody to Finished. The name should change but until youselect OK or Apply it will not appear in the tree.

Select Apply. The name changes in the tree.



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Select the Graphic tab. The window should change to look similar to the one shownbelow.

Change the Weight of the Edges to be 1. This will make the edges of your part appearthinner. This will not take effect until you select Apply.

When changing color you can select the down arrow and a little window will appear withvarious colors. You have the option of selecting one of those colors or you can select theMore colors... option at the bottom of the list.

Select Color ar row under Fill. This will allow you to change the color of the faces of thepart opposed to just the edges. A color list will appear similar to the one shown below.



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Select the More Colors option. You may have to scroll down in order to see the MoreColors option. Another window opens with color options.

You can select a color from the Basic Colors or you can select a color from the CustomColors. Custom Colors are ones that you create using the Define Custom Colors >> option. You are going to create a Custom Color and then Apply it to your part body.

Select the Define Custom Colors >> option. The window changes to appear similar to theone shown below.

You can define a color by selecting in the color span or you can adjust the values for thevarious options. When you get a color that you like you can add it the Custom Colors byselecting Add to Custom Colors.



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Create a color of your choice and select Add to Custom Colors. The color appears in theCustom Colors.

Select the color you just added and select OK. This takes you back to the originalproperties window.

Select OK. This applies and accepts the settings for the part body.

Save your document.



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In this exercise you will learn how to replace a sketch with another sketch and how tochange the sketch support for a sketch. This allows you to make a complete change to theshape of an object without having to create a new object and then inserting it in the correctlocation and then removing the old object.

Open the modify5 document and save with your initials.

The slot that has already been created in the part needs to be curved instead of straightacross. Instead of going in and modifying the sketch you will create a new sketch and thenreplace the current one with the new one.

Create the sketch on the face as shown above and constrain it as shown below. Youhave to be careful not to constrain your sketch using elements that do not get generated untilafter the sketch you are replacing.



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Exit the sketcher . You will now replace Sketch.3 with your new sketch.

Press the third mouse button while on Sketch.3 and select Replace. The Replacewindow appears as shown below.

You have the option of checking the Delete replaced elements and exclusive parents box ifyou want the item you are replacing deleted instead of moved to the bottom of the tree.

Select the Delete replaced elements and exclusive parents option. This will erase Sketch.3when it is replaced by your new sketch.

Select your new sketch from the tree and select OK. Notice that the slot changed to becurved instead of straight across. If you look in the tree you can see that your new sketch islocated where Sketch.3 used to be. The part should look similar to the one shown below.

After replacing that sketch you realized that you do not need the slot to go through the frontwall just the back wall. Unfortunately you created that sketch using the front face as thesketch support. You could modify Pocket.1 to use different faces for its limits or anotheroption is to change the sketch support for that sketch. You are going to change the sketchsupport to be the front face of the back wall instead of the front face of the front wall.



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Press the third mouse button while on the sketch of Pocket.1.

You will select the bottom option which is the name of the sketch and then select theChange sketch support option from the new window. The current sketch support appearshighlighted. You will now select the new sketch support.

Select the front face of the back wall as shown in the diagram below.

Notice that the slot appears only in the back wall. The parameters of the pocket did notchange, it is still Up to last. The only difference is that the sketch now belongs on the frontface of the back wall.

You can also cut, copy and paste elements on your part. After much discussion with yourteam, they decide that the front extension needs two holes in order for the part to be bolteddown more securely. You want the same size hole therefore instead of recreating the holeyou are going to just copy and paste the hole.

Select the third mouse button while on Hole.3 and select Copy. Nothing appears tohappen but it did copy the hole.

While having the cursor on the PartBody in your tree, press the third mouse buttonand select Paste. This will paste the hole you copied earlier at the end of the tree. AnUpdate Diagnosis window appears because the hole is pasted right on top of the hole youcopied. Once you change the location of the hole the update will work fine.



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Select Close.

Edit the sketch of Hole.4. You are going to constrain the sketch so that the hole is locatedat a different position.

Constrain the sketch of the hole as it appears below.

Notice that the center of the hole was constrained to be equidistant between the two linesand then one inch from the left edge.

Exit the sketcher and the par t will update with the change.

Sometimes it is necessary to reorder the elements in your specification tree because youneed one element before the other for constraint purposes or to have an operation occur ornot occur on additional objects, such as when using transformations. In this exercise youare going to reorder Hole.2 to be before Hole.1 in the specification tree.



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Select the third mouse button while on Hole.2.

You will select the bottom option which is the name of the hole and then select theReorder option from the new window. This will open the Feature Reorder window whichwill allow you to specify after which object you would like Hole.2 to go.

Select Pocket.1 from the specification tree.

Select OK. This puts Hole.2 after the pocket and before Hole.1.

Another option you have available to you is to scan through the tree looking at the variousstages of your part design.

Select the pull down menu Edit and select Scan or Define In Work Object. This willopen a Scan window that will allow you to run through your specification tree.

Press the forward button continuously until you go all way through your tree. This is a good way to walk through a part design to get a better understanding of the methodof creation when you were not the one who created the initial part.

These exercises were to demonstrate various options that you have when modifying yourparts. A lot of them depend on how you constrained your part in the first place. You wantto make sure you pre-plan your approach before you start designing your parts in order tomake it easy to modify.

Save your document.



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Inserting Bodies and Boolean Operations, Page 266 ©Wichita State University

Inserting Bodies and Boolean Operations

Since there are some operations that affect the whole part body, there are times when it isnecessary to use multiple part bodies in your part. In order to generate a part that iscomposed of one main body it is necessary to use boolean operations to combine the variousbodies of the part. The disadvantage to using multiple bodies is that you can not performsome operations across bodies unless they have been combined. This exercise will have youinsert bodies and then use boolean operations to combine the bodies into a single element.

Inserting Part Bodies

Open the assembly document and save with your initials. This document has severalbodies in it. They will all be combined into one body using various boolean operations tobuild the part.

Select the pull down menu Insert and select Body. This allows you to insert a new bodyinto the part. The body gets inserted at the bottom of the specification tree, you may have toscroll down in order to see it. You should notice that it is the current in work object since itis underlined.

Create a sketch on the zx plane, constrained as shown below.

These two circles will be used to create two pegs in the part.

Pad the sketch 6 inches in the first direction and .25 inches in the second direction.Two pegs are now created completely through the part.

This part is constructed in a common fashion as Version 4 solids were modeled. Everyobject is a separate body and then boolean operations are used to combine them in a varietyof ways. The next page discusses the different options that are available to combine yourmultiple bodies into a single body.



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Inserting Bodies and Boolean Operations, Page 267© Wichita State University

Boolean operations

Assemble similar to Add but will add or remove material depending on theobjects in the body, most useful to add pockets and holes to other pre-joined bodies

Add adds one body with another body

Remove removes one body from another body

Intersect keeps the common material between two bodies

Union Trim adds several bodies together while allowing multiple faces to beremoved or trimmed back to the combined part

Remove Lump removes a separated piece of the part, normally you can avoid usingthis option by modifying your sketch or adjusting part bodies

You are going to start combining the bodies of the part together using the booleanoperations. The exercise will cover a few options for selecting the boolean options. Youare going to start by adding the Front Body with the Main Body.

Select the Front Body from the tree. This will define what body you are going to beworking on.

Select the pull down menu Insert, Boolean Operations, Add. This will tell the system thatthe Front Body will be added to another body.

Select in the After box and select the Main Body from the tree. This will define the bodythat the Front Body will be added to.

Select OK. The two parts now act and behave as a single part. Notice how the bodiesappear in the tree. The Front Body appears underneath an Add.1 branch which is under theMain Body now.

Select Body.9 from the tree. This is the body created earlier. You may have to scroll downin order to see it. You are going to add this to the Side Holes.

Press the third mouse button while on Body.9 and select Body.9 object, Add. This isanother way to select boolean operations. You can use either option to select the booleanoperation, both ways work the same way. The advantage of using the third mouse button isthat you do not have to go up to the top and select a pull down menu.



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Select in the After box and select Side Holes and select OK. This will define whereBody.9 will be added. The two bodies are now added together as one. Next you are goingto remove the holes from the Main Body.

Select the object Side Holes. Notice all five holes are highlighted.

Select the boolean operation Remove. You can use either of the previous methods toselect the operation.

Select in the After box and select the Main Body and then select OK. The holes are nowremoved from the Main Body. You will use the Assemble operation to add the Lg Hole tothe Main Body.

Select the object Lg Hole. This hole will be assembled to the Main Body.

Select the boolean operation Assemble.

Select in the After box and select the Main Body and then select OK. Notice the holewas removed from the Main Body. Since the Lg Hole was defined as a pocket, the pocketwas placed in the tree, and was then pocketed out as though it were defined on a singlebody. If you would have used the Add operation then the pocket would not have beenremoved it would of just been added to the Main Body. Next, a more advanced type ofboolean operation will be performed.

Make the Rear Guide Tubes the current object. You can do this by using the Define InWork Object option using the third button of the mouse.

Select the object Stiffener for Tubes. You are going to union (add) this body with thetubes but you are going to trim back the inside edges to the tube walls.

Select the boolean operation Union Trim. This will allow the part to be unioned (added)with the tubes and have faces trimmed back in the same operation.

Select the Faces to remove box. This is where you can define the faces that you wantremoved when the body is unioned.



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Inserting Bodies and Boolean Operations, Page 269© Wichita State University

Select the faces of the stiffener that are inside the tubes. You’ ll probably have to zoomin and rotate the part to select the faces on the inside of the tubes. The diagram shows thefaces that you need to select.

Select OK. The stiffener will now be trimmed back to the tubes, and then unioned to thetubes. Next, the Rear Guide Tubes will be unioned and trimmed with the Main Body.

Make the Main Body the current object.

Select the boolean operation Union Trim on the Rear Guide Tubes.

Select the Faces to remove box and select the faces of the Main Body that are inside thetubes. Again, this will define what is going to be removed when the tubes are unioned tothe Main Body. The diagram shows you which faces to select.



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Select OK. Now the tubes are unioned to the Main Body. To finish the part you are goingto intersect the Contour body with the Main Body. You will not see the Contour bodybecause it is hidden at the moment. If you want to see the Contour before you intersect itthen you can show it.

Select the boolean operation Intersect on the Contour. The Intersect window appears.

Select OK. The Contour is intersected with the Main Body since it is the current workobject. You are now finished with the part. It should look similar to the one shown below.

Save your document.



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Part Design Lofts, Page 271© Wichita State University

Part Design Lofts

This section will cover two ways to generate a part using multiple sketches using the lofticons.

Open the loft create document and save with your initials. This document has severalsketches that contain circles and ovals. These sketches will be used to define the contour ofyour part.

Select the loft icon. This will allow multiple contours as well as guide and spinecurves to be utilized in a single part. Guide curves and spines will not be used here.Creating such curves will be covered in the Wireframe and Surfaces Class.

Select Curve 1 from the tree. This will define the first profile of the part.

Select Curve 2 through Curve 5 in order . This will finish the definition of the part. Thesection curves are not limited to just round or circular curves. They can be of any profileshape desired. Note the arrows along the right side of each section curve. These arrowsmust be along the same side of the curves and they also must be pointing in the samedirection. If they are not then the result will be a twisted part.

Select OK. A part is created that passes through each of the section curves defined in theorder that you selected them. In the specification tree you should notice the loft branchadded and underneath that branch is all of the sketches that were used to create this loft. You can modify those sketches at any time and the loft will automatically update.



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Part Design Lofts, Page 272 ©Wichita State University

Shell the par t with an Outside thickness of .25 inches and an Inside thickness of 0inches while removing the two ends. This will turn the part into a tube with the insidepassing through the sketches defined. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.

Open the loft remove document and save with your initials. This exercise uses thesame set of curves. The difference is, this time the loft will be removed from the cylindricalpad.

Select the loft remove icon. This will create the loft as before, and then automaticallyremove it as though it were a pocket.

Select Curve 1 through Curve 5 in order and select OK. The loft is created and thenremoved.

Save your document.



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Part Design Using Surfaces, Page 273© Wichita State University

Part Design Using Surfaces

The next couple of exercises will utilize surfaces to generate parts. The surfaces will beprovided for you. If you wish to learn about building surfaces, they will be covered in theWireframe and Surfaces class. The thing to remember is that you are capable of integratingsurfaces in to your part design. In doing so, you are able to make modifications to thesurfaces that are used and the part will automatically update. Even though this course onlycovers the use of surfaces to a small degree be aware that it is extremely important that youunderstand how to integrate surfaces in to your part design if you want to be able to createspecific contoured parts.

Open the sew & split surface document and save with your initials. This part has twosurfaces. The part is going to be split with the top surface and the bottom surface is going tobe sewn in.

Select the split icon. This will split a part with any given surface or plane.

Select the top sur face. This will display an arrow on the surface, and the Split Definitionwindow will appear.

Make sure the arrow points towards the par t. The direction the arrow is pointing is whatis kept in the split operation.

Select OK. The part now has the contour of the surface.

Hide the top sur face. This shows the top contour much better. Next, the bottom surfacewill be sewn into the part.



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Part Design Using Surfaces, Page 274 ©Wichita State University

Select sew sur face icon. When the four sides of a surface come in contact with a partand the sew operation is used, the area between the surface and the part gets filled in.

Select the bottom sur face. The Sew Surface Definition window appears and again anarrow is displayed on the surface.

Make sure the arrow points towards the par t and select OK. The area between thesurface and the part is now filled in.

Hide the bottom sur face. These options are very useful if a specialized contour is neededon a part. It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

Save your document.



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Part Design Using Surfaces, Page 275© Wichita State University

Open the thick surface document and save with your initials. This document has asingle surface in a circular shape.

Select the thick sur face icon. This will allow a thickness to be added to a face or asurface.

Select the sur face. The Thick Surface Definition window appears. An arrow will bedisplayed on the surface indicating the direction of the First Offset.

Make the First Offset 1 inch and the Second Offset .5 inches. This will make the totalpad 1.5 inches thick.

Select OK. The surface has the thickness applied and a part is created.

Select the thickness sur face icon again. This time the end of the part will have a thicknessadded.

Select the face on the end of the newly created par t as shown below.

Change the First Offset to 5 inches and the Second Offset to 0 inches and make sure thearrow points away from the thickness.

Select OK. The side of this part has now been extended (thickened) linearly by five inches.

It is important to note that the thickness is applied linearly instead of following the tangencyof the part. Even though you applied the thickness to the end of the part it still added thethickness straight out ignoring the fact that the part is curved going to that end. Thishappens because it is adding the thickness in the normal direction of the selected face. Therefore, if you add thickness to a curved side then it will add thickness in the normaldirection to the curved surface.



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Part Design Using Surfaces, Page 276 ©Wichita State University

Open the close surface document and save with your initials. This document has onesurface in the shape of an airfoil. The surface is completely wrapped around, but is open oneach end.

Select the close sur face icon. This will allow closed surfaces to be enclosed with asolid part.

Select the Airfoil Surface. The Close Surface Definition window appears.

Select OK and hide the Airfoil Surface. The surface was enclosed with a solid part andnow other operations can be added to the part.

Save your document.



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Applying Materials, Page 277© Wichita State University

Applying Materials

This section will cover applying materials to a defined part.

Open the materials document and save with your initials. Materials from the materiallibrary will be applied to this part.

Select the apply mater ial icon from the bottom toolbar . This will display thematerial library.

The Material Library contains many different types of materials. Each material storesinformation about itself such as texture, density, drafting pattern and other engineeringproperties. The materials are broken down into several categories. The categories areconstruction, fabrics, metal, other, stone and wood. Any type of material can be applied toany type of part, but only one material can be applied per part. Assemblies must be used inorder to have multiple parts with different materials applied. Diagrams of each materialwindow can be found in Appendix C.

Select the Metal tab. This tab contains the various types of metal definitions in CATIA.Other definitions can be added, but this is not within the scope of this course.

Select Aluminum. This will be the material applied to the part.

Select the Mounting Bracket and select OK. This will apply the material to the part. Youshould notice an aluminum branch added to the tree. Double selecting this branch willdisplay the various properties of the aluminum which are shown in Appendix C as well. Inorder for the part to appear aluminum you have to change the render style.



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Applying Materials, Page 278 ©Wichita State University

Press and hold the first mouse button while on the render style icon on the bottom

toolbar . Release the mouse button while on the customized view parameters

icon. This will allow a customized shading method. This icon will bring up the

Customized View Modes window. If this icon has already been initialized then it will appear

differently and you will have to use the pull down menu View, Render Style, Customize

View in order to bring up the Custom View Modes window.

Set the options so that only Materials and Shading are on. This will shade the part usingthe material texture.

Select OK. The part is now shaded with the Aluminum property.

All other materials are applied in the same manner. You can apply another material and itwill replace the current material that is applied. You may want to try out a few of thematerials just to see what they look like.

Save your document.



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Reference Geometry, Page 279© Wichita State University

Reference Geometry

As you have gone through some of the exercises you may have noticed various planes inaddition to the default ones. These were created using the reference elements toolbar. Planes are very useful to define supports for sketches, to split geometry and to define limitsfor your objects. In future courses you will find other uses for planes as well. This exerciseis going to introduce you to the various options available to create planes.

Open the planes document and save with your initials. The first thing you are going tohave to do is add the reference elements toolbar to your workbench.

Add the Reference Elements (Compact) toolbar to your workbench. You can do this byusing the pull down menu View, Toolbars, Reference Elements (Compact). You should seea new icon appear on your workbench that appears as a point.

There are three icons in this toolbar: point , line and plane . This exercise willfocus on the plane icon.

Offset from plane

Select the plane icon. This will open the Plane Definition window. Most of theplane types will be covered in this exercise.

Change the Plane type to Offset from plane. This will allow you create a plane offset fromthe yz plane.



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Reference Geometry, Page 280 ©Wichita State University

Use the yz plane as the Reference and change the Offset to 3 and select OK. A newplane appears three inches from the yz plane and parallel to it.

Parallel through point

Select the plane icon.

Change the Plane type to Parallel through point.

Use the yz plane as the Reference and the end point of the line for the Point as shownabove and select OK. A plane appears parallel to the yz plane passing through the point.



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Angle/Normal to plane


Change the Plane type to Angle/Normal to plane.

Use the line as the Rotation axis, the yz plane as the Reference, change the Angle to 45and select OK. A plane appears passing through the line and at a 45 degree angle to the yzplane.

Through three points


Change the Plane type to Through three points.



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Select the three points as shown below and select OK. A plane appears passing throughthe three points.

Through two lines


Change the Plane type to Through two lines.

Select the line and the H axis of Sketch.2 and select OK. You will know if it is Sketch.2’sH axis because when you put your cursor on it, Sketch.2 will highlight in the specificationtree. A plane appears passing through the two lines.



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Through point and line


Change the Plane type to Through point and line.

Select the top end point of the spline as the Point and select the line and then select OK. A plane appears at the point passing through the line.

Through planar curve


Change the Plane type to Through planar curve.

Select the curve and select OK. A plane appears passing through the curve.



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Normal to curve


Change the Plane type to Normal to curve.

Select the curve and leave the Point to be Default (Middle) and select OK. A planeappears normal to the curve and passing through the midpoint of the curve.

Equation


Change the Plane type to Equation.

Change the value of D to be 2 and select OK. A plane appears 2 inches in the z direction. You can use this option to key in a variety of planes using the equation of a plane.



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It should appear similar to the diagram shown below.

The other two options, Tangent to surface and Mean through points will not be covered inthis course.

If you were to use these planes in your part design and then you modify the plane the partwill update automatically. Most of the time you can see the part update dynamically as youmove a plane.



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Problems, Page 287© Wichita State University

Problems

Problem #1.0



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Problems, Page 288 ©Wichita State University

Problem #2.0



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Problem #3.0



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Problem #4.0



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Problem #5.0



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Problem #6.0



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Problem #7.0



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Problem #8.0



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Problem #9.0



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Problem #10.0



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Problem #11.0



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Problem #12.0



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Problem #13.0



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Problem #14.0



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Problem #15.0



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Problem #16.0



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Problem #17.0



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Problem #18.0



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Problem #19.0



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Problem #20.0



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Problem #21.0



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Problem #22.0



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Problem #23.0



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Problem #24.0



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Problem #25.0



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Problem #26.0



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Problem #27.0



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Appendix A, Page 315© Wichita State University

Appendix A

This section is to introduce you to the various options that are available under the pull downmenu Tools, Customize. This will only give you a brief overview of the various options.

Customize - Start Menu

This allows you to specify what workbenches you want available to you on the start menu. You can access these workbenches by selecting the change workbench icon on eachworkbench. An example of what you could possibly see is shown below.



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Appendix A, Page 316 ©Wichita State University

Customize - User Workbenches

Allows you to define their own workbenches with their own toolbars on the workbench.

Customize - Toolbars

Allows you to modify existing toolbars or create your own toolbars.



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Appendix A, Page 317© Wichita State University

Customize - Commands

Allows you to add or delete commands from toolbars. You can also set up hot keys forvarious options if you Show Properties.

Customize - Options

Allows you toggle on or off the Large Icons or Tooltips.



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Appendix A, Page 318 ©Wichita State University




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Appendix B, Page 319© Wichita State University

Appendix B

This will give a general overview of some of the options available through the pull downmenu Tools, Options. Not all of the options will be covered, just the ones that are pertinentto this course.

General - Display - Tree

Tree Type allows you to change how the tree appears based on the type selected

Tree Orientation orients the tree either horizontally or vertically

Tree Item Size this pertains to the size of the text in the tree

Tree Show/NoShow if turned on, items in your tree that are hidden will have their iconsblurred or appear fuzzy



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Appendix B, Page 320 ©Wichita State University

General - Display - Visualization

Colors

Graduated color background if turned on the background color will appeargraduated from top to bottom instead of solid

Background color of the background

Selected elements color of elements that you have selected

Selected edges color of edges that have been selected

Preselected element linetype linetype of preselected elements

Low-intensity elements color of elements that appear in low-intensity

Update needed color you part will appear when an update is needed

Handles color of the various handles that appear, such as thehandle that appears when translating



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General - Parameters - Symbols

Constraint Style allows you to change the color of the constraints based on theircondition

Display at Creation allows you to change the default display of your constraints to beeither value, value and name, or value and name and formula



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General - Parameters - Units

Units allows you to select the magnitude and then specify the units that youwant to use for that magnitude

Dimensions display you can specify if you want trailing zeros, when to use exponentialnotation and how many decimal places you want to see displayed



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Mechanical Design - Part Design - General

Update sets whether or not your part gets updated automatically when achange occurs or you have to manually update it, you also can turn onor off having the update stop on the first error

Delete Operation toggle on or off whether you want the delete dialog box to appearwhen you delete and you can toggle whether you want referencedsketches deleted



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Mechanical Design - Part Design - Display

Specification tree determines what gets displayed by default in the specification tree,the options not selected will be collapsed underneath their respectiveobject



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Mechanical Design - Sketcher

Grid allows you to toggle the display of the grid and the snap to point option onthe sketch plane

Sketch Plane toggle for having the sketch plane appear shaded and for positioning thesketch plane parallel to the screen

Geometry toggle for the creation of center points automatically when a circle or ellipseis created and the direct manipulation allows you to select an element of thesketch and drag it to manipulate the sketch

Constraint toggle for automatically generating geometrical and dimensional constraints

Colors change the default color of sketch elements and to change the color ofelements when they are over constrained, construction geometry, associatedgeometry, etc.



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Appendix C, Page 327© Wichita State University

Appendix C

Material Library

Materials are used to attach structural properties to parts as well as allow them to bedisplayed in a more accurate manner. They will also automatically produce patternscorresponding to the material when drawings are created from the parts. The followingpages show you diagrams of the available materials that come with CATIA.

Construction



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Appendix C, Page 328 ©Wichita State University

Fabrics



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Metal



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Other



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Stone



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Wood

You can add additional materials to the library but that topic is beyond the scope of thiscourse. However, your company will probably populate this library with the variousmaterials that are commonly used and you will be able to apply them in the same manner towhich you apply these materials.



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Applying a material

In order to apply a material to a part, all you have to do is select the apply material icon inthe bottom toolbar, select the material, select the body and select OK.

Select the apply mater ial icon.

Select the mater ial desired.

Select the par t body that you want this mater ial to be applied to.

Select OK.

In order to see the material shaded on your part you need to make sure your customizedrender style includes materials and shading. You can configure this by using the pull downmenu View, Render Style, Customize View. If this is set up then you just have to activatethat render style by choosing it from the bottom toolbar.



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Properties of a material

Using the third mouse button while on the material in the specification tree you can accessthe properties of the material. There are many tabs with various properties on each tabdepending on the material that is being used. The tabs are Rendering, Inheritance, FeatureProperties, Analysis and Drafting. The following diagrams relate to Italian Marblehowever they should be similar to many of the other materials.

Rendering

As you can see there are two tabs located under Rendering: Lighting and Texture.

The Material size pertains to the size of the texture, for small parts you will want the size tobe smaller and for large parts you will want it to be larger. You can also change themapping style using the icon.

The Lighting options are self defining as long as you are familiar with the graphic artslanguage. The important thing to note is that you can adjust all of those values.

The Texture options tell you the tif file that it is using for the texture and the rest of theoptions allow you to adjust that texture.



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Inheritance

Determines what features will be affected with this material. This pertains to the parent andchild elements of the part body that has the material. This is more useful when workingwith assemblies then with parts.

Feature Properties

Allows you to change the name of the material as it is displayed in the specification tree.



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Analysis

This contains the structural properties of the material.

Drafting

This allows you to adjust the pattern that is going to be used when you create drawings fromthis part. You can choose a different pattern by using the Pattern table button.



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When you select the Pattern table button the Pattern Chooser window appears.

This allows you specify the pattern that you would like to use when a drawing is created. You can filter the pattern options by categories: Hatching, Dots and Color or you canchoose All types. In order to see the rest of your options you have to select the Next button.

This overview was meant to introduce you to various options involving materials, you willneed to use the various options in order to get a better understanding of them.



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