7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

1/13

Cornelius Castoriadis

Cornelius Castoriadis (French: [kastjadis]; Greek: [kastoriais]; March 11,1922 December 26, 1997) was a Greek-French[1]

philosopher,social critic,economist,psychoanalyst, au-thor of The Imaginary Institution of Society, and co-founder of theSocialisme ou Barbariegroup.[53]

His writings on autonomyandsocial institutions havebeen influential in both academic and activist circles.[54]

1 Life

1.1 Early life in Athens

Cornelius Castoriadis (named after Saint Corneliusthe Centurion)[55] was born on March 11, 1922 inConstantinople,[55] the son of Kaisaras (Caesar) andSophia Kastoriadis.[56] His family had to move in July1922[55] toAthensdue to theGreekTurkish populationexchange. He developed an interest inpoliticsafter hecame into contact withMarxist thought and philosophy

at the age of 13.[57] At the same time he began study-ing traditional philosophy after purchasing a copy of thebookHistory of Philosophy( ,1933, 2 vols.) by thehistorian of philosophy NikolaosLouvaris.[57]

Sometime between 1932 and 1935, Maximiani Portas(later known as Savitri Devi) was the French tutor ofCastoriadis.[58]

His first active involvement in politics occurred during theMetaxas Regime(1937), when he joined the AthenianCommunist Youth ( ,

Kommounistiki Neolaia Athinas), a section of theYoungCommunist League of Greece. In 1941 he joined theCommunist Party of Greece(KKE), only to leave oneyear later in order to become an active Trotskyist.[59]

The latter action resulted in his persecution by both theGermansand the Communist Party.

In 1944 he wrote hisfirst essays on social science andMaxWeber, which he published in a magazine namedArchiveof Sociology and Ethics( ,Archeion Koinoniologias kai Ithikis). During theDecember 1944violent clashesbetween the communist-led ELAS and the Papandreou government, aided by

Britishtroops, Castoriadis heavily criticized the actionsof the KKE.

After earning a bachelors degree inlaw,economicsand

political sciencefrom the School of Law, Economics andPolitical Sciences of the University of Athens (wherehe met and collaborated with the Neo-Kantian intel-lectualsKonstantinos Despotopoulos,Panagiotis Kanel-lopoulos,Konstantinos Tsatsos),[39][60] he got aboard theRMSMataroa,[61] a New Zealand ocean liner, to go toParis, where he remained permanently, to continue hisstudies under a scholarship offered by the French Insti-tute of Athens. The same voyageorganized byOctaveMerlieralso brought from Greece to France a number

of other Greek writers, artists and intellectuals, includ-ingConstantine Andreou,Kostas Axelos,Georges Can-dilis, Costa Coulentianos, Emmanuel Kriaras, AdonisA. Kyrou, Kostas Papaoannou, andVirgile Solomoni-dis.[62][63][64]

1.2 Paris and leftist activity

Once in Paris, Castoriadis joined the Trotskyist PartiCommuniste Internationaliste (PCI). He and ClaudeLefortconstituted a ChaulieuMontal Tendency in the

French PCI in 1946. In 1948, they experienced their fi-nal disenchantment with Trotskyism,[65] leading them tobreak away to found the libertarian socialist and councilistgroup and journalSocialisme ou Barbarie(19491966),which includedJean-Franois Lyotard[66] andGuy De-bordas members for a while, and profoundly influencedthe French intellectualleft. Castoriadis had links with thegroup aroundC. L. R. Jamesuntil 1958. Also stronglyinfluenced by Castoriadis and Socialisme ou Barbariewere the British group and journal Solidarity and MauriceBrinton.

1.3 Early philosophical research

In the late 1940s, he started attending philosophicaland sociological courses at the Faculty of Letters at theUniversity of Paris(facult des lettres de Paris), whereamong his teachers wereGaston Bachelard,[60][67][68] theepistemologist Ren Poirier, the historian of philosophyHenri Brhier(not to be confused withmile Brhier),Henri Gouhier, Jean Wahl, Gustave Guillaume, AlbertBayet, and Georges Davy.[67] He submitted a proposal foradoctoral dissertationonmathematical logicto Poirier,

but he eventually abandoned the project.[38][60] The sub-ject of his thesis would beIntroduction la logique ax-iomatic(Introduction toAxiomatic Logic).[38]

1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiomatic_logichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctoral_dissertationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Davyhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%2520Bayethttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%2520Bayethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Guillaumehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Wahlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Gouhierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Br%C3%A9hierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Br%C3%A9hierhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9%2520Poirierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston_Bachelardhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Parishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Brintonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Brintonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity_(UK)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._L._R._Jameshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Debordhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Debordhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Lyotardhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme_ou_Barbariehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Councilisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_socialisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Leforthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Leforthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalist_Communist_Partyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalist_Communist_Partyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trotskyismhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgile%2520Solomonidishttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgile%2520Solomonidishttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostas%2520Papa%C3%AFoannouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adonis_A._Kyrouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adonis_A._Kyrouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Kriarashttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa%2520Coulentianoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Candilishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Candilishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostas_Axeloshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Andreouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave_Merlierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave_Merlierhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut%2520fran%C3%A7ais%2520d%2527Ath%C3%A8neshttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut%2520fran%C3%A7ais%2520d%2527Ath%C3%A8neshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parishttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mataroahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Mail_Shiphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantinos_Tsatsoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panagiotis_Kanellopouloshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panagiotis_Kanellopouloshttps://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82%2520%CE%94%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Kantianismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Athenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_sciencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Papandreouhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_People%2527s_Liberation_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dekemvrianahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Weberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trotskyisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Communist_League_of_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Communist_League_of_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaxas_Regimehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximiani_Portashttps://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%82%2520%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%82https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%82%2520%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%E2%80%93Turkish_population_exchangehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%E2%80%93Turkish_population_exchangehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_the_Centurionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_the_Centurionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_institutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme_ou_Barbariehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoanalysthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economisthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_criticism#Academic_formshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosopherhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greekshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_French

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

2/13

2 1 LIFE

1.4 Career as economist and distancing

from Marxism

At the same time (starting in November 1948), he workedas an economist at theOrganisation for Economic Co-

operation and Development(OECD) until 1970, whichwas also the year when he obtained Frenchcitizenship.Consequently, his writings prior to that date were pub-lished pseudonymously, as "Pierre Chaulieu, "PaulCardan, "Jean-Marc Coudray" etc.

In his 1949 essay The Relations of Production in Rus-sia, Castoriadis developed a critique of the supposed so-cialist character of the government of theSoviet Union.The central claim of the Stalinist regime at the time wasthat the mode of production in Russia was socialist, butthe mode of distribution was not yet a socialist one sincethe socialist edification in the country had not yet been

completed. However, according to Castoriadis analysis,since the mode of distribution of the social product is in-separable from the mode of production,[69] the claim thatone can have control over distribution while not havingcontrol over production is meaningless.[70]

Castoriadis was particularly influential in the turn ofthe intellectual left during the 1950s against the SovietUnion, because he argued that the Soviet Union was nota communist but rather a bureaucratic capitalist state,which contrasted with Western powers mostly by virtueof its centralized power apparatus.[71] His work in theOECD substantially helped his analyses.

In the latter years ofSocialisme ou Barbarie, Castoriadiscame to reject the Marxist theories of economics andofhistory, especially in an essay on Modern Capitalismand Revolution(first published inSocialisme ou Barbarie,196061; first English translation in 1963 bySolidarity).

1.5 Psychoanalyst

When Jacques Lacans disputes with the InternationalPsychoanalytical Associationled to a split and the for-

mation of thecole Freudienne de Paris(EFP) in 1964,Castoriadis became a member (as a non-practitioner).[72]

In 1968 Castoriadis marriedPiera Aulagnier, a Frenchpsychoanalyst who had undergone psychoanalytic treat-ment underJacques Lacanfrom 1955 until 1961.[73]

In 1969 Castoriadis and Aulagnier split from the EFP tojoin the "Quatrime Groupe",[74] a psychoanalytic groupthat claims to follow principles and methods that haveopened up a third way between Lacanianism and thestandards of the International Psychoanalytical Associa-tion.[75]

Castoriadis began to practice analysis in 1973 (he had un-dergone analysis in the1960s first with Irne Roubleff andthen later with Michel Renard).[74][76]

1.6 Philosopher of history and ontologist

In 1967, Castoriadis submitted a proposal for a doctoraldissertation on thephilosophy of historytoPaul Ricur(then at the University of Nanterre).[77] An epistolary dia-

logue began between them but Ricurs obligations to theUniversity of Chicagoin the 1970s were such that theircollaboration was not feasible.[78] The subject of his the-sis would be Le fondement imaginaire du social-historique(TheImaginaryFoundations of theSocial-Historical).[78]

In his 1975 work, L'institution imaginaire de la socit(Imaginary Institution of Society), and inLes carrefoursdu labyrinthe(Crossroads in the Labyrinth), published in1978, Castoriadis began to develop his distinctive under-standing of historical change as theemergence of irrecov-erable otherness that must always be socially institutedand named in order to be recognized. Otherness emerges

in part from the activity of the psyche itself. Creatingexternal social institutions that give stable form to whatCastoriadis terms the (ontological) "magma[79][80][81] ofsocial significations[82] allows the psyche to create stablefigures for the self, and to ignore the constant emergenceof mentalindeterminacyandalterity.

For Castoriadis, self-examination, as in the ancient Greektradition, could draw upon the resources of modern psy-choanalysis. Autonomous individualsthe essence of anautonomous societymust continuously examine them-selves and engage in critical reflection. He writes:

...psychoanalysis can and should make abasic contribution to a politics of autonomy.For, each persons self-understanding is a nec-essary condition for autonomy. One cannothave an autonomous society that would fail toturn back upon itself, that would not inter-rogate itself about its motives, its reasons foracting, its deep-seated [profondes] tendencies.Considered in concrete terms, however, soci-ety doesn't exist outside the individuals mak-

ing it up. The self-reflective activity of an au-tonomous society depends essentially upon theself-reflective activity of the humans who formthat society.[83]

Castoriadis wasnot calling for every individual to undergopsychoanalysis, per se. Rather, by reforming educationand political systems, individuals would be increasinglycapable of critical self- and social reflexion. He offers: ifpsychoanalyticpracticehas a political meaning, it is solelyto the extent that it tries, as far as it possibly can, to render

the individual autonomous, that is to say, lucid concerningher desire and concerning reality, and responsible for heracts: holding herself accountable for what she does.[84]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alterityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeterminacy_(philosophy)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_(sociology)#Castoriadishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Chicagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Nanterrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Ric%C5%93urhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_historyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Psychoanalytical_Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Psychoanalytical_Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacanianismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_psychanalytique_de_langue_fran%C3%A7aisehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Lacanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piera_Aulagnierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_Freudienne_de_Parishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Psychoanalytical_Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Psychoanalytical_Associationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_materialismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxian_economicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_capitalismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizenshiphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Developmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

3/13

2.1 Autonomy and heteronomy 3

1.7 Sovietologist

In his 1980 Facing the Wartext, he took the view thatRussia had become the primary world military power. Tosustain this, in the context of the visible economic infe-riority of the Soviet Union in the civilian sector, he pro-

posed that the society may no longer be dominated bythe party-state bureaucracy but by a "stratocracy"[85]aseparate and dominant military sector with expansionistdesigns on the world. He further argued that this meantthere was no internal class dynamic which could lead tosocial revolution within Russian society and that changecould only occur through foreign intervention.

1.8 Later life

In 1980, he joined the faculty of the cole des Hautes

tudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) as Directeurd'tudes (Director of Studies).[86] He had been electedDirecteur de recherche(Director of Research) in EHESSat the end of 1979[87] after submitting his previously pub-lished books in conjunction with a defense of his intellec-tual project of connecting the disciplines of history, so-ciology and economy through the concept of the socialimaginary[88][89] (seebelow). His teaching career at theEHESS lasted sixteen years.[90]

In 1984, Castoriadis and Aulagnier divorced.[73]

In 1989, he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate in SocialSciences byPanteion Universityand in 1993 another one

inEducation Sciencesby theDemocritus University ofThrace.[91]

He died on December 26, 1997 from complications fol-lowingheart surgery. He was survived by Zoe Christofidi(his wife at the time of his death), his daughter Sparta (byan earlier relationship with Jeanine Rilka Walter,[92]

Comrade Victorine in the Fourth International),[93]

and Kyveli, a younger daughter from his marriage withZoe.[94][95]

He was known to intimates as Corneille.[96]

2 Thought

Edgar Morin proposed that Castoriadis work will beremembered for its remarkable continuity and coher-ence as well as for its extraordinary breadth which was"encyclopaedic" in the original Greek sense, for it offeredus a "paideia, or education, that brought full circle ourcycle of otherwise compartmentalized knowledge in thearts and sciences.[97] Castoriadis wrote essays on math-ematics, physics, biology, anthropology, psychoanalysis,linguistics, society, economics, politics, philosophy, and

art.One of Castoriadis many important contributions to so-cial theory was the idea that social change involves rad-

ical discontinuities that cannot be understood in termsof any determinate causes or presented as a sequenceof events. Change emerges through the social imagi-nary without strict determinations, but in order to besocially recognized it must be instituted as revolution.Any knowledge of society andsocial changecan exist

only by referring to (or by positing) social imaginarysignifications. Thus, Castoriadis developed a concep-tual framework where the sociological and philosophi-cal category of the social imaginary has a central placeand he offered an interpretation ofmodernitycenteredon the principal categories of social institutionsand so-cial imaginary significations;[3] in his analysis, these cat-egories are the product of the human faculties of therad-icalimaginationand the social imaginary, the latter fac-ulty being the collective dimension of the former.[98] (Ac-cording to Castoriadis, the sociological and philosophicalcategory ofthe radicalimaginarycan be manifested only

through the individual radical imagination and the socialimaginary.)[99][100][101]

He used traditional terms as much as possible, thoughconsistently redefining them. Further, some of his termi-nology changed throughout the later part of his career,with the terms gaining greater consistency but break-ing from their traditional meaning (thus creating neolo-gisms). When reading Castoriadis, it is helpful to under-stand what he means by the terms he uses, since he doesnot redefine the terms in every piece where he employsthem.

2.1 Autonomy and heteronomy

The concept of "autonomy" appears to be a key themein his early postwar writings and he continued to elabo-rate on itsmeaning, applications andlimitsuntil his death,gaining him the title of Philosopher ofAutonomy". Theword itself is Greek, where auto- means 'for/by itself'andnomosmeans 'law,' defining the condition of creatingones own laws, whether as an individual or as a wholesociety. Castoriadis noticed that while all societies con-struct their own unique laws and institutions, membersofautonomous societies are fully aware of this fact and

explicitly self-institute.[102] In contrast, members ofhet-eronomous societies(hetero- 'other') delegate this processto extra-social authorities and attribute theirimaginariesto gods or ancestors or, in modern ideologies, to historicalnecessity.[103]

Castoriadis emphasized the needof societies to legitimizetheir laws or explain, in other words, why their laws aregood and just as they claim them to be. Most traditionalsocieties did that through religion, believing that theirlaws were given by a super-natural ancestor or god andtherefore must be true. Modern capitalist societies legit-imize their system (capitalism) through 'reason', claim-

ing it makes 'logical sense'.[104] Castoriadis observes thatnearly all such efforts are tautologicalin that they legit-imize a system through rules defined by the system itself.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tautology_(logic)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_(Sociology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomos_(sociology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imaginary_(psychoanalysis)#The_Imaginary_and_French_culturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_institutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verstehenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_changehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_(sociology)#Castoriadishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaginary_(sociology)#Castoriadishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paideiahttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/encyclopedichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Morinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Internationalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_surgeryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democritus_University_of_Thracehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democritus_University_of_Thracehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedagogyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panteion_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorary_Doctoratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis#Thoughthttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directeur%2520de%2520recherchehttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directeur%2520d%2527%C3%A9tudeshttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directeur%2520d%2527%C3%A9tudeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Hautes_%C3%89tudes_en_Sciences_Socialeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Hautes_%C3%89tudes_en_Sciences_Socialeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratocracy

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

4/13

4 2 THOUGHT

So just like the Old Testament and the Koran claim that'There is only one God, God', capitalism first defines logicas the maximization of utility and minimization of cost,and then bases its own legitimacy on its effectiveness tomeet this criterion.

As he explains in one of his lectures in the Greek vil-lage ofLeonidioin 1984,[105] many newly founded so-cieties start from an autonomous state which is usually inthe form ofdirect democracy, like thetown hall meetingsduring theAmerican Revolutionand the local assembliesof theParis Commune. What they end up with, how-ever, is a form of governance by which the citizens donot legislate directly but delegate this power to a group ofexperts who remain in power, largely unchecked by offi-cial means, for a number of years. The ancient Greeks onthe other hand developed a system of continuous auton-omy where the people (demos) voted constantly on mat-ters of government and law and where the elected rulers,

thearchons, were mainly asked to enforce them. In sucha system, courts of law were governed by common citi-zens who were appointed to the degree of judge brieflyand army generals were voted in by the people and hadto convince them of the correctness of their decisions.Taking some poetic licence to expand this point, he saysthat in this system, the president of the national treasurycould have been a Phoenician slave, since he would onlybe asked to implement the rulings of the demos.

Castoriadis writings delve at length into the philosophyand politics of the ancient Greeks who, as a true au-tonomous society knew that laws are man-made and le-

gitimization tautological. They challenged these laws ona constant basis and yet obeyed them to the same degree(even to the extent of enforcing capital punishment) prov-ing that autonomous societies can indeed exist.

2.2 The Imaginary

The term the Imaginary originates in the writings ofthe French psychoanalystJacques Lacan(seethe Imagi-nary) and is strongly associated with Castoriadis work.To understand it better we might think of its usual con-text, the "imaginary institution of societies". By that, Cas-toriadis means that societies, together with their laws andlegalizations, are founded upon a basic conception of theworld and mans place in it. Traditional societies hadelaborate imaginaries, expressed through various creationmyths, by which they explained how the world came tobe and how it is sustained. Capitalism did away with thismythic imaginary by replacing it with what it claims tobe pure reason (as examinedabove). That same imag-inary is, interestingly enough, the foundation of its op-posing ideology,Communism. By that measure he ob-serves, first in his main criticism of Marxism, titled theImaginary Institution of Society,[106] as well as speaking

in Brussels,[107] that these two systems are more closelyrelated than was previously thought, since they share thesame industrial revolutiontype imaginary: that of a ra-

tional society where mans welfare is materially measur-able and infinitely improvable through the expansion ofindustries and advancements in science. In this respectMarx failed to understand that technology is not, as heclaimed, the main drive of social change, since we havehistorical examples where societies possessing near iden-

tical technologies formed very different relations to them.An example given in the book is France and England dur-ing the industrial revolution with the second being muchmore liberal than the first.[106]

Similarly, in the issue of ecology he observes that theproblems facing our environment are only present withinthe capitalist imaginary that values the continuous expan-sion of industries. Trying to solve it by changing or man-aging these industries better might fail, since it essentiallyacknowledges this imaginary as real, thus perpetuatingthe problem.

Thus, imaginaries are directly responsible for all aspectsof culture. The Greeks had an imaginary by which theworld stems fromChaosand the ancientJewsan imag-inary by which the world stems from the will of a pre-existing entity, God. The former developed therefore asystem of immediate democracy where the laws were everchanging according to thepeoples will while the secondatheocratic system according to which man is in an eternalquest to understand and enforce the will of God.

Castoriadis also believed that the complex historical pro-cesses through which new imaginaries areborn are not di-rectly quantifiableby science. This is because it is throughthe imaginaries themselves that the categories upon whichscience is applied are created. In the second part ofhis Imaginary Institution of Society he gives the exam-ple ofset theory, which is at the basis offormal logic,which cannot function without having first defined theel-ements which are to be assigned to sets.[108] This initialschema of separation[11] (schma de sparation, ) of the world into distinct elements andcategories therefore, precedes the application of (formal)logic and, consequently, science.

2.3 Chaos

The concept of Chaos that one encounters frequently inCastoriadis work.[109][110] According to that, the Greeksdeveloped an imaginary by which the world is a productof Chaos, as narrated by bothHomerandHesiod. Theword has since beenpromoted to a scientific term, butCastoriadis is inclined to believe that although the Greekshadsometimes expressed Chaos in that way (as a systemtoo complex to be understood), they mainly referred to itasnothingness. He then concludes what made the ancientGreek society different to other societies is exactly thatcore imaginary, which essentially says that if the world is

created out of nothing then man can indeed, in his brieftime on earth, model it as he sees fit,[111] without try-ing to conform on some pre-existing order like a divine

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesiodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_logichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_theoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_(cosmogony)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marxismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis#Autonomy_and_heteronomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imaginary_(psychoanalysis)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imaginary_(psychoanalysis)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Lacanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archon_of_Athenshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms#Demoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Communehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Town_meetinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_democracyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonidio

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

5/13

5

law. He contrasted that sharply to the Biblical imaginary,which sustains all Judaic societies to this day, accordingto which, in the beginning of the world there was a God,a willing entity and mans position therefore is to under-stand that Will and act accordingly.

2.4 The Ancient Greeks and the Modern

West

Castoriadis views the political organization of the ancientGreek city states as a model of an autonomous society.He argues that their direct democracy was not based, asmany assume, on the existence of slaves and/or the geog-raphy of Greece, which forced the creation of small citystates, since many other societies had these preconditionsbut did not create democratic systems. The same goes forcolonisation since the neighbouring Phoenicians,whohad

a similar expansion in the Mediterranean, were monar-chical till their end. During this time of colonization,however, around the time of Homers epic poems, we ob-serve for the first time that the Greeks, instead of trans-ferring their mother citys social system to the newly es-tablished colony, instead, for the first time in known his-tory, legislate anew from the ground up. What also madethe Greeks special was the fact that, following the above,they kept this system as a perpetual autonomy which ledto direct democracy.

This phenomenon of autonomy is again present in theemergence of the states of northern Italy during the

Renaissance,[112] again as a product of small independentmerchants.

He sees a tension in the modern West between, on the onehand, the potentials for autonomy and creativity and theproliferation of open societies and, on the other hand,the spirit-crushing force of capitalism. These are respec-tively characterized as the creative imaginary and the cap-italist imaginary:

I think that we are at a crossing in the roadsof history, history in the grand sense. Oneroad already appears clearly laid out, at leastin its general orientation. Thats the road ofthe loss of meaning, of the repetition of emptyforms, of conformism, apathy, irresponsibility,and cynicism at the same time as it is that ofthe tightening grip of the capitalist imaginaryof unlimited expansion of rational mastery,pseudorational pseudomastery, of an unlimitedexpansion of consumption for the sake of con-sumption, that is to say, for nothing, and ofa technoscience that has become autonomizedalong its path and that is evidently involved inthe domination of this capitalist imaginary.

The other road should be opened: it is not atall laid out. It can be opened only through asocial and political awakening, a resurgence of

the project of individual and collective auton-omy, that is to say, of the will to freedom. Thiswould require an awakening of the imaginationand of the creative imaginary.[113]

He argues that, in the last two centuries, ideas about au-

tonomy again come to the fore: This extraordinary pro-fusion reaches a sort of pinnacle during the two cen-turies stretching between 1750 and 1950. This is avery specific period because of the very great densityof cultural creation but also because of its very strongsubversiveness.[114]

3 Lasting influence

Castoriadis has influenced European (especially conti-nental) thought in important ways. His interventions insociological and political theory have resulted in some ofthe most well-known writing to emerge from the conti-nent (especially in the figure ofJrgen Habermas, whooften can be seen to be writing against Castoriadis).[115]

Hans Jonas published a number of articles in Amer-ican journals in order to highlight the importance ofCastoriadis work to a North American sociologicalaudience,[116] andJohann Pl Arnasonhas been of en-during importance both for his critical engagement withCastoriadis thought and for his sustained efforts to in-troduce it to the English speaking public (especially dur-ing his editorship of the journal Thesis Eleven).[117] In

the last few years, there has been growing interest inCastoriadiss thought, including the publication of twomonographs authored by Arnasons former students: JeffKloogersCastoriadis: Psyche, Society, Autonomy(Brill),and Suzi AdamssCastoriadiss Ontology: Being and Cre-ation(Fordham University Press).

4 Major publications

Original French

Mai 68 : la brche [The Breach], Fayard, 1968(under the pseudonym Jean-Marc Coudray; co-authored withEdgar MorinandClaude Lefort)

La Socit bureaucratique[Bureaucratic Society] intwo volumes: Les Rapports de production en RussieandLa Rvolution contre la bureaucratie, 1973

L'Exprience du mouvement ouvrier[The Experienceof the Labor Movement] in two volumes: CommentlutterandProltariat et organisation, 1974

L'Institution imaginaire de la socit[The ImaginaryInstitution of Society],Seuil, 1975

Les Carrefours du labyrinthe [Crossroads in theLabyrinth], Volume I, 1978

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ditions_du_Seuilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Leforthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Morinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayardhttps://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%2520P%C3%A1l%2520Arnasonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenicia

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

6/13

6 4 MAJOR PUBLICATIONS

Le Contenu du socialisme[On the Content of Social-ism], 1979

Capitalisme moderne et rvolution[Modern Capital-ism and Revolution] in two volumes, 1979

Devant la guerre[Facing the War], Volume I, 1981(a second volume was never published)

Domaines de l'homme[Domains of Man] (Les car-refours du labyrintheII), 1986

La Brche: vingt ans aprs (rdition du livre de1968 complt par de nouveaux textes) [The Breach:Twenty Years After], 1988

Le Monde morcel[World in Fragments] (Les car-refours du labyrintheIII), 1990

La Monte de l'insignifiance[The Rising Tide of In-significance] (Les carrefours du labyrinthe IV), 1996

Fait et faire [DoneandToBeDone] (Les carrefoursdu labyrintheV), 1997

Posthumous publications

Figures du pensable[Figures of the Thinkable] (Lescarrefours du labyrintheVI), 1999

SurLe Politique de Platon [Commentary on TheStatesmanof Plato], 1999

Sujet et vrit dans le monde social-historique. Lacration humaine 1[Subject and Truth in the Social-Historical World. Human Creation 1], 2002

Ce qui fait la Grce, 1. D'Homre Hraclite. Lacration humaine 2[What Makes Greece, 1. FromHomer to Heraclitus. Human Creation 2], 2004

. . [Philosophy and Sci-ence. A Discussion with Yorgos L. Evangelopoulos],Athens: Eurasia books, 2004,ISBN 960-8187-09-5

Une Socit la drive, entretiens et dbats 1974-

1997[A Society Adrift], 2005 Post-scriptum sur l'insignifiance : entretiens avec

Daniel Mermet; suivi de dialogue [Postscript on In-significance], 2007

Fentre sur le chaos[Window to Chaos] (compiledby Enrique Escobar, Myrto Gondicas, and Pas-cal Vernay), Seuil, 2007,ISBN 978-202-0908-26-9(Castoriadis writings on modern art andaesthetics)

Ce qui fait la Grce, 2. La cit et les lois. La crationhumaine 3[What Makes Greece, 2. The City andLaws. Human Creation 3], 2008

L'imaginaire comme tel [The Imaginary As Such],2008

Histoire et cration : Textes philosophiques indits,1945-1967[History and Creation: Unedited Philo-sophical Texts 19451967], 2009

Ce qui fait la Grce, 3. Thucydide, la force et ledroit. La cration humaine 4[What Makes Greece,

3. Thucydides, Force and Right. Human Creation4], 2011

La Culture de lgosme [The Culture of Egoism](transcription of an interview that Castoriadis andLasch gave to Michael Ignatieff in 1986; trans-lated into French by Myrto Gondicas), Climats,2012, ISBN 978-208-1284-63-0 (interview aboutthe topic of the retreat of individuals from politicstoward a concern with whollyprivate matters)

crits politiques 1945-1997 [Political Writings19451997] (compiled by Myrto Gondicas, En-

rique Escobar and Pascal Vernay), ditions duSandre:

La Question du mouvement ouvrier[The Ques-tion of Workers Movement] (vols. 1 and 2),2012

Quelle dmocratie ? [What Democracy?](vols. 3 and 4), 2013

La Socit bureaucratique [The BureaucraticSociety] (vol. 5), 2015

Devant la guerre et autres crits [Facing theWar and Other Writings] (vol. 6), TBA[118]

Sur la dynamique du capitalisme et autrestextes, suivi de l'imprialisme et la guerre [Onthe Dynamics of Capitalism and Other TextsFollowed by Imperialism and War] (vol. 7),TBA[118]

Selected translations of works by Castoriadis

The Imaginary Institution of Society [IIS] (trans.Kathleen Blamey). MIT Press, Cambridge 1997[1987]. 432 pp.ISBN 0-262-53155-0. (pb.)

The Castoriadis Reader (ed./trans. David AmesCurtis). Blackwell Publisher, Oxford 1997. 470 pp.ISBN 1-55786-704-6. (pb.)

World in Fragments: Writings on Politics, Soci-ety, Psychoanalysis, and the Imagination [WIF](ed./trans. David Ames Curtis). Stanford Univer-sity Press, Stanford, CA 1997. 507 pp. ISBN 0-8047-2763-5.

Political and Social Writings [PSW 1]. Volume 1:19461955. From the Critique of Bureaucracy to the

Positive Content ofSocialism (ed./trans. David AmesCurtis). University of Minnesota Press, Minneapo-lis 1988. 348 pp.ISBN 0-8166-1617-5.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816616175https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0804727635https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0804727635https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1557867046https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0262531550https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_spherehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782081284630https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Ignatieffhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Laschhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782020908269https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%2520Mermethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9608187095

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

7/13

7

Political and Social Writings [PSW 2]. Volume 2:19551960. From the Workers Struggle Against Bu-reaucracy to Revolution in the Age of Modern Capi-talism(ed./trans. David Ames Curtis) University ofMinnesota Press, Minneapolis 1988. 363 pp.ISBN0-8166-1619-1.

Political and Social Writings [PSW 3]. Volume3: 19611979. Recommencing the Revolution:From Socialism to the Autonomous Society (ed./trans.David Ames Curtis) University of Minnesota Press,Minneapolis 1992. 405 pp.ISBN 0-8166-2168-3.

Modern Capitalism and Revolution [MCR] (trans.Maurice Brinton), London: Solidarity, 1965 (in-cluding an introduction and additional English mate-rial by Brinton; the second English edition was pub-lished by Solidarity in 1974, with a new introductionby Castoriadis)

Philosophy, Politics, Autonomy. Essays in PoliticalPhilosophy[PPA] (ed. David Ames Curtis) OxfordUniversity Press, New York/Oxford 1991. 306 pp.ISBN 0-19-506963-3.

Crossroads in the Labyrinth (trans. M. H. Ryle/K.Soper). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1984. 345 pp.

On Platos Statesman [OPS] (trans. David AmesCurtis). Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA2002. 227 pp.

The Crisis of Western Societies. TELOS53 (Fall1982). New York:Telos Press.

Figures of the Thinkable [FT07] (trans. HelenArnold). Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA2007. 304 pp. (Alsotrans. anon. 2005[FT05].)

A Society Adrift. Interviews and Debates, 19741997 (trans. Helen Arnold). Fordham UniversityPress, New York 2010. 259 pp.

Psychoanalysis and Politics, in: Sonu Shamdasaniand Michael Mnchow (eds.), Speculations AfterFreud: Psychoanalysis, Philosophy, and Culture,

Routledge, 1994, pp. 112 (also in: World in Frag-ments, 1997, pp. 125136)

Postscript on Insignificance: Dialogues with Cor-nelius Castoriadis(ed./trans. Gabriel RockhillandJohn V. Garner). Continuum, London 2011. 160pp.ISBN 978-1-4411-3960-3. (hb.)

5 See also

Autopoiesis

Classical republicanism

Decentralized planning

The journalSocialisme ou Barbarie.

Gdelian argument[119]

Philosophy of praxis

Post-Lacanian psychoanalysis[120]

Post-Marxism

Post-phenomenology

The Frenchautonomemovement

Verstehen

Workers council

6 References

[1] Memos 2014, p. 18: he was ... granted full French citi-zenship in 1970.

[2] Dosse 2014, p. 94.

[3] IIS, p. 160: We do not need, therefore, to 'explain' howand why the imaginary, the imaginary social significa-tions and the institutions that incarnate them, become au-tonomous.

[4] IIS, p. 287.

[5] IIS, p. 274.

[6] IIS, p. 282; confer Freuds term (Vorstellungs-) Reprsen-tanz des Triebes ideational representative of the drive(Sigmund Freud, "Die Verdrngung" contained in the vol-umeInternationale Zeitschrift fr rztliche Psychoanalyse,Vol. III, Cahier 3, 1915,p. 130).

[7] WIF, pp. 131 and 263; Elliott 2003, p. 91.

[8] Les carrefours du labyrinthe: Le monde morcel(1990),p. 218.

[9] WIF, p. 268. (ConferFichtes original insight.)

[10] An Eigenwelt that is organized through its own time(Eigenzeit);WIF, p. 385.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichte%2527s_original_insighthttps://archive.org/stream/InternationaleZeitschriftFuumlraumlrztlichePsychoanalyseBandIiiHeft3/Z_III_1915_3#page/n3/mode/2uphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workers%2527_councilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verstehenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomism#The_French_autonome_movementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-phenomenologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Marxismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Lacanianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxis_(process)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_(philosophy)#G%C3%B6delian_argumentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralized_planning_(economics)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_republicanismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autopoiesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441139603https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Rockhillhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonu_Shamdasanihttp://www.notbored.org/FTPK.pdfhttp://www.telospress.com/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TELOS_(journal)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195069633https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity_(UK)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Brintonhttp://books.google.gr/books/about/Modern_capitalism_and_revolution.html?id=kuLrAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=yhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816621683https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816616191https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816616191

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

8/13

8 6 REFERENCES

[11] IIS, pp. 2245.

[12] From the Ancient Greek to say, speak and to make.

[13] This is Castoriadis version (IIS, p. 104) of Freuds mottoWo Es war, soll Ich werden (Where Id was, Ego shall

come to be"; seeSigmund Freud, Neue Folge der Vorlesun-gen zur Einfhrung in die Psychoanalyse: 31.Vorlesung).

[14] IIS, p. 281.

[15] The institution presupposes the institution: it can existonly if individuals fabricated by the institution make theinstitution exist (WIF, p. 315). Klooger has comparedCastoriadis idea of the 'circle of creation' with Heideg-gers idea of the 'hermeneutic circle' (Klooger 2009, p.254). S. Gourgouris (2003) pointed out that the circleof creation is a circle whose Being is nowhere, sincein itself it accounts for the meaning of Being, a mean-ing that is always inevitably a human ... affair, and that,

contrary to what Heidegger advocates, the circle of cre-ation is never brokenby revelation (by 'unconcealment'aletheia)" (Stathis Gourgouris, Does Literature Think?,Stanford University Press, 2003, p. 153).

[16] The paradox arising from the assertion that historical con-sciousness universalizes historical knowledge; seeIIS, pp.345; Klooger 2009, p. 242; Konstantinos Kavoulakos,Cornelius Castoriadis on Social Imaginary and Truth,Ariadne12 (2006), pp. 201213.

[17] Castoriadis posits that newformsare radically novel; this,however, does not imply neither that ontological creationhas no prior foundationit is not in nihilonor that it

has no constraintsit is not cum nihilo. Confer: FT07,pp. 241, 258.

[18] "Being is creation, vis formandi: not the creation of'matter-energy,' but the creation offorms" (Fait et faire,p. 212).

[19] For what is given in and through history is not the de-termined sequence of the determined but the emergenceof radical otherness, immanent creation, non-trivial nov-elty. (IIS, p. 184.)

[20] "[T]ime is essentially linked to the emergence of alter-ity. Time is this emergence as suchwhereas space is

only its necessary concomitant. Time is creation anddestructionthat means, time is being in its substantivedeterminations. (WIF, p. 399.)

[21] PSW 2, p. 121.

[22] C. Castoriadis, From Marx to Aristotle, from Aristotle toUs (trans. Andrew Arato),Social Research 45(4):667738, 1978, p. 738.

[23] Capitalism can function only by continually drawingupon the genuinelyhumanactivity of those subject to it,while at the same time trying to level and dehumanizethem as much as possible. (IIS, p. 16.)

[24] MCR, p. 46.

[25] IIS, pp. 546.

[26] MCR, p. 29.

[27] IIS, p. 66.

[28] Crossroads in the Labyrinth (1984), pp. 46115: Psycho-analysis: Project and Elucidation"; Elliott 2003, p. 92.

[29] Cornelius Castoriadis, The State of The Subject Today,American Imago,46(4) (1989:Winter), p. 371412 (alsoin:WIF, pp. 137171). See also V. Karalis (2005). Cas-toriadis, Cornelius (192297), in: John Protevi (Ed.),The Edinburgh Dictionary of Continental Philosophy(pp.867). Edinburgh University Press.

[30] WIF, pp. 273310.

[31] See: Dosse 2014, p. 104; Cornelius Castori-adis, The Destinies of Totalitarianism, Salmagundi60(Spring/Summer 1983): 108; Peter Murphy, Roman-tic Modernism and the Greek Polis, Thesis Eleven, 34(1993): 4266. For a comparative analysis of Hannah

Arendt and Cornelius Castoriadis, see Gillian RobinsonsThe Greek Polis and the Democratic Imaginary,ThesisEleven40 (1995): 2543. Castoriadis criticizes Arendtin his interview The Idea of Revolution (1989) and inhis talk Athenian Democracy: False and True Questions(1992).

[32] IIS, p. 401.

[33] Sean McMorrow, Concealed Chora in the Thought ofCornelius Castoriadis: A Bastard Comment on Trans-Regional Creation,Cosmos and History: The Journal ofNatural and Social Philosophy, Vol 8, No 2 (2012).

[34] Claude Lefort,Writing: The Political Test, Duke Univer-sity Press, 2000, p. xxxiii.

[35] P. Chaulieu, "Lukcs et Rosa", Socialisme ou Barbarien 26 (November 1958) reproduced in: Daniel Gurin.Rosa Luxembourg et la spontanit rvolutionnaire. Paris:Flammarion, 1971, pp. 15758.

[36] FT07, p. 61.

[37] Dosse 2014, p. 237.

[38] Dosse 2014, p. 44.

[39] Dosse 2014, p. 22.

[40] Dosse 2014, p. 441.

[41] IIS, p. 400.

[42] Dosse 2014, p. 223;IIS, p. 396.

[43] PPA, p. 56.

[44] Castoriadis: The Living Being and Its Proper World:entry by John V. Garner,Internet Encyclopedia of Philos-ophy.

[45] Warren Breckman, Adventures of the Symbolic: Postmarx-ism and Democratic Theory, Columbia University Press,2013, p. 94.

[46] Furth, H.G.,Desire for Society, Springer, 1996. Chapter11.

http://books.google.gr/books?id=LIOV0ZEH_WIC&dq=https://books.google.gr/books?id=EcCrAgAAQBAJ&dq=https://books.google.gr/books?id=EcCrAgAAQBAJ&dq=https://books.google.gr/books?id=EcCrAgAAQBAJ&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophyhttp://www.iep.utm.edu/castoria/#SSH3biihttp://books.google.gr/books?id=x0dv5I51WJkC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Protevihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Researchhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Aratohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_Formshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%E2%80%93energy_equivalencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_Formshttp://books.google.gr/books?id=oUVbzpnJRPAC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aletheia#Heidegger_and_aletheiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermeneutic_circle

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

9/13

9

[47] Vidal-Naquet et Castoriadis : une affinit intellectuelle etpolitique, by Olivier Fressard, 25 September 2006.

[48] Michael AlbertandRobin Hahnel,Socialism Today andTomorrow: Socialism in Theory and Practice, South EndPress, 1981, p. 384.

[49] Carol Atack,Radicalising the Classical Imaginary: Cor-nelius Castoriadis and the cole de Paris, July 8, 2011.

[50] Anthony Giddens,Social Theory Today, Stanford Univer-sity Press, 1988, p. 110 n. 34.

[51] Dosse 2014, p. 454.

[52] Francisco Varela, Autonomy and closure: The reso-nances of Castoriadis thought in the life sciences, CNRSand CREA, cole Polytechnique, Paris.

[53] Cornelius Castoriadis Dies at 75

[54] Tassis 2007, p. 4; Tasis 2007, pp. 278.

[55] Dosse 2014, p. 13.

[56] Tasis 2007, p. 37.

[57] Cornelius Castoriadis/Agora International InterviewCerisy Colloquium (1990), p. 2 (French original:Entretien d'Agora International avec Cornelius Castoriadisau Colloque de Cerisy(1990)).

[58] Dosse 2014, p. 17.

[59] At the time, Castoriadis was under the influence of theTrotskyistmilitant Agis Stinas(Tasis 2007, pp. 401).

[60] Cornelius Castoriadis/Agora International InterviewCerisy Colloquium (1990), p. 4.

[61] Tasis 2007, p. 42.

[62] Tasis 2007, p. 43.

[63] Dosse 2014, p. 37.

[64] Franois Bordes,Exil et cration : des penseurs grecsdans la vie intellectuelle franaise, in Servanne Jollivet,Christophe Premat, Mats Rosengren,Destins d'exils, LeManuscrit, 2011, p. 66.

[65] Castoriadis, Cornelius; Anti-Mythes (January 1974). An

Interview with C. Castoriadis.Telos(23): 133.

[66] Howard, Dick (1974). Introduction to Castoriadis.Telos(23): 117.

[67] Dosse 2014, pp. 434.

[68] Tasis 2007, pp. 678.

[69] "[L]e mode de rpartition du produit social est insparabledu mode de production. (P. Chaulieu, "Les rapports de

production en Russie",Socialisme ou Barbarien 2 (May1949) reproduced inLa Socit bureaucratique - Volumes1-2, Christian Bourgois diteur, 1990, p. 164.)

[70] "L'ide que l'on puisse dominer la rpartition sans dominerla production est de l'enfantillage." (La Socit bureaucra-tique - Volumes 1-2, p. 166.)

[71] Peter Osborne (ed.),A Critical Sense: Interviews with In-tellectuals, Routledge, 2013, p. 17.

[72] Roudinesco, lisabeth. Jacques Lacan & Co. Universityof Chicago Press. p. 433.

[73] Piera Aulagnier ne Spairani entry at Psychoanalytik-

erinnen.de

[74] Tasis 2007, p. 216.

[75] Sophie de Mijolla-Mellor (2005). Quatrime Groupe(O.P.L.F.), Fourth Group.In: A. de Mijolla (Ed.), In-ternational dictionary of psychoanalysis, vol. 3(p. 1429).Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale.

[76] Dosse 2014, p. 175.

[77] Dosse 2014, p. 264.

[78] Dosse 2014, pp. 2645.

[79] From the contemporary geological termmagma, blendof molten or semi-molten rock, from theAncient Greek, thick unguent (Suzi Adams, ed., 2014, ch. 6).

[80] A magma is that from which one can extract (or in whichone can construct) an indefinite number ofensemblistor-ganizations but which can never be reconstituted (ideally)by a (finite or infinite) ensemblist composition of theseorganizations. (IIS, p. 343.)

[81] Klooger, Jeff. The Guise of Nothing: Castoriadis onIndeterminacy, and its Misrecognition in Heidegger andSartre,Critical Horizons 14(1), 2013, p. 7: "'Magma' isthe name Castoriadis gives to the mode of being which he

sees as underlying all others, and which is characterizedby an indeterminacy in which particular determinationscome to be, but without congealing into inalterable forms,and without diminishing the potential for the emergenceof new and different determinations.

[82] IIS, p. 359.

[83] FT05: Imaginary and Imagination at the Crossroads(es-say based on a speech given in Abrantesin November1996), p. 151. The quote appears in a slightly differ-ent translation in FT07(Figures of the Thinkable, trans.by Helen Arnold, Stanford University Press, 2007), pp.8990.

[84] FT05: First Institution of Society and Second-Order In-stitutions (essay based on a lecture presented on Decem-ber 15, 1985 in Paris), p. 163.

[85] Castoriadis, Cornelius (February 1980). Facing theWar.Telos(46): 48.

[86] PSW 2, p. 363.

[87] Schrift 2009, p. 112.

[88] Dosse 2014, pp. 30511.

[89] He had proposed in his application form the creation of a

Chair in Recherches sur les rgimes sociaux contemporains,Research on contemporary social systems (Dosse 2014,p. 308), which he eventually occupied.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telos_(journal)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abranteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_theoryhttp://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0057%253Aentry%253Dma%252Fgmahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_de_Mijollahttp://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3435301211.htmlhttp://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3435301211.htmlhttp://www.psychoanalytikerinnen.de/france_biographies.html#Aulagnierhttp://www.psychoanalytikerinnen.de/france_biographies.html#Aulagnierhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Roudinescohttp://books.google.gr/books?id=7zyESK4VH4EC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=7zyESK4VH4EC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telos_(journal)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telos_(journal)https://books.google.fr/books?id=yQqz6w72At0C&pg=PA63&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://books.google.fr/books?id=yQqz6w72At0C&pg=PA63&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttp://agorainternational.org/enccaiint.pdfhttp://agorainternational.org/enccaiint.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agis_Stinashttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/militant#Nounhttp://agorainternational.org/fr/CCAIINT.pdfhttp://agorainternational.org/fr/CCAIINT.pdfhttp://agorainternational.org/enccaiint.pdfhttp://agorainternational.org/enccaiint.pdfhttp://www.agorainternational.org/abouttext.htmlhttp://books.google.gr/books?id=DsOEjreGrNEC&dq=http://academia.edu/1688049/Radicalising_the_Classical_Imaginary_Cornelius_Castoriadis_and_the_Ecole_de_Parishttp://academia.edu/1688049/Radicalising_the_Classical_Imaginary_Cornelius_Castoriadis_and_the_Ecole_de_Parishttp://books.google.gr/books?id=n3LYQYht5cIC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=n3LYQYht5cIC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Hahnelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Alberthttp://www.pierre-vidal-naquet.net/spip.php?article17http://www.pierre-vidal-naquet.net/spip.php?article17

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

10/13

10 8 FURTHER READING

[90] OPS, p. xxi.

[91] Dosse 2014, pp. 3501.

[92] Tasis 2007, pp. 43 and 85 n. 23.

[93] Anon. (2003),Foreword toThe Rising Tide of Insignifi-

cancy[94] Tasis 2007, p. 81.

[95] Alex Economou: Obituary Cornelius Castoriadis(19221997)

[96] Dosse 2014, pp. 5145.

[97] Morin, Edgar (1997-12-30). An encyclopaedic spirit.Radical Philosophy. Retrieved 2008-04-03.

[98] Marcela Tova, The imaginary term in readings aboutmodernity: Taylor and Castoriadis conceptions,Revistade Estudios Sociales9, June 2001, pp. 3239.

[99] IIS, p. 373.

[100] Chiara Bottici, Imaginal Politics: Images Beyond Imagina-tion and the Imaginary, Columbia University Press, 2014,p. 50.

[101] Nicolas Poirier,Cornelius Castoriadis. L'imaginaire rad-ical,Revue du MAUSS, 1/2003 (no 21), pp. 383404.

[102] Castoriadis, Cornelius; Anti-Mythes (January 1974). AnInterview with C. Castoriadis.Telos(23): 152.

[103] Alienation appears first of allas thealienation of a societyto its institutions, as theautonomizationof institutions in

relation to society. (IIS, p. 115.)[104] C. Castoriadis (1999). La rationalit du capitalisme

inFigures du Pensable(Les carrefours du labyrintheVI),Paris: Seuil.

[105] C. Castoriadis (1984). . Athens: Ypsilon().

[106] IIS, p. 23.

[107] C. Castoriadis (1981) (avec Daniel Cohn-Bendit et lePublic de Louvain-la-Neuve),De l'cologie l'autonomie[From Ecology to Autonomy], dition de Seuil, Paris.

[108] IIS, pp. 2235.

[109] IIS, p. 46.

[110] FT07, p. 80.

[111] Castoriadis advocated that the surgingforth [surgissement]of signification covers of the Chaos or, in other words,signification brings into being a mode of being that positsitself as negation of the Chaos (WIF, p. 315).

[112] SeeRenaissance republics.

[113] FT05: Imaginary and Imagination at the Crossroads, p.146.

[114] FT05: Imaginary and Imagination at the Crossroads, p.134.

[115] Elliott 2003, p. 101.

[116] Joas, H. 1989. Institutionalization as a Creative Pro-cess: The Sociological Importance of Cornelius Castori-adiss Political Philosophy,American Journal of Sociol-ogy, Vol. 4: 5 (March), 118499.

[117] Arnason, J. P. 1989. Culture and Imaginary Significa-tions,Thesis Eleven22, 2545.

[118] Ecrits politiques, Cornelius Castoriadis, Livres, LaPro-cure.com

[119] Jeff Klooger, Castoriadis: Psyche, Society, Autonomy,BRILL, 2009, pp. 226229.

[120] Fernando Urribarri, Castoriadis: the Radical Imagina-tion and the Post-Lacanian Unconscious,Thesis Eleven,November 2002, vol. 71, no. 1, 4051.

7 Sources

Franois Dosse. Castoriadis. Une vie. Paris: LaDcouverte, 2014.ISBN 978-270-71712-69.

Anthony Elliott. Critical Visions: New Directions inSocial Theory. Rowman & Littlefield, 2003. ISBN978-074-25269-07.

Christos Memos. Castoriadis and Critical Theory:Crisis, Critique and Radical Alternatives. Palgrave

Macmillan, 2014.ISBN 978-11-37-03447-2.

Alan D. Schrift.Twentieth-Century French Philoso-phy: Key Themes and Thinkers. John Wiley & Sons,2009.ISBN 978-140-51439-43.

Theofanis Tasis. . [Castoriadis. A philosophy of au-tonomy]. Athens: Eurasia books. December 2007.ISBN 978-960-8187-22-1.

Theofanis Tassis.Cornelius Castoriadis. Dispositioneiner Philosophie. 2007.FU Dissertationen Online.

8 Further reading

Suzi Adams. Castoriadiss Ontology: Being and Cre-ation. New York: Fordham University Press, 2011.ISBN 978-082-3234-59-2.

Suzi Adams (ed.). Cornelius Castoriadis: Key Con-cepts. London and New York: Bloomsbury Aca-demic, 2014.ISBN 978-144-1172-90-7.

Nelly Andrikopoulou. ,1945 [Mataroas Voyage, 1945]. Athens: HestiaPrinting House, 2007.ISBN 978-960-05-1348-6.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789600513486https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441172907http://books.google.gr/books?id=ws_aAgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_shttp://books.google.gr/books?id=ws_aAgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780823234592http://books.google.gr/books/about/Castoriadis_s_Ontology.html?id=CKRFYgEACAAJ&redir_esc=yhttp://books.google.gr/books/about/Castoriadis_s_Ontology.html?id=CKRFYgEACAAJ&redir_esc=yhttp://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/receive/FUDISS_thesis_000000002898https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789608187221https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781405143943https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781137034472https://books.google.gr/books?id=ygC-BQAAQBAJ&dq=https://books.google.gr/books?id=ygC-BQAAQBAJ&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780742526907https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780742526907http://books.google.gr/books?id=wslr_Esvs1UC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=wslr_Esvs1UC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782707171269https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Dossehttp://the.sagepub.com/content/71/1/40.shorthttp://the.sagepub.com/content/71/1/40.shorthttp://books.google.gr/books?id=7ObcK83Qi8QC&dq=http://www.laprocure.com/ecrits-politiques-1945-1997-cornelius-castoriadis/9782358211031.htmlhttp://www.laprocure.com/ecrits-politiques-1945-1997-cornelius-castoriadis/9782358211031.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_republics#Middle_Ages_and_Renaissancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Cohn-Bendithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telos_(journal)http://www.cairn.info/revue-du-mauss-2003-1-page-383.htmhttp://www.cairn.info/revue-du-mauss-2003-1-page-383.htmhttps://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%2520Poirierhttps://books.google.gr/books?id=Au0YBQAAQBAJ&dq=https://books.google.gr/books?id=Au0YBQAAQBAJ&dq=http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/815/81500904.pdfhttp://www.redalyc.org/pdf/815/81500904.pdfhttp://www.radicalphilosophy.com/default.asp?channel_id=2191&editorial_id=10264http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/revhist/backiss/vol7/no2/economou.htmlhttp://www.marxists.org/history/etol/revhist/backiss/vol7/no2/economou.htmlhttp://www.notbored.org/foreword.htmlhttp://www.notbored.org/foreword.html

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

11/13

11

Andrew Arato. From Neo-Marxism to DemocraticTheory. Essays on the Critical Theory of Soviet-TypeSocieties. M.E. Sharpe, 1993, pp. 12245. ISBN978-076-56185-35.

Maurice Brinton. For Workers Power. Se-

lected Writings (ed. David Goodway). Edin-burgh/Oakland: AK Press, 2004. ISBN 1-904859-07-0.

DimitrisEleas. : [Private Cornelius:Personal Testimony about Castoriadis]. Athens: An-gelakis, July 2014.ISBN 978-618-5011-69-7.

Andrea Gabler. Antizipierte Autonomie. Zur Theo-rie und Praxis der Gruppe Socialisme ou Barbarie(1949-1967). Hanover: Offizin Verlag, 2009.ISBN978-393-0345-64-9.

Jrgen Habermas. The Philosophical Discourse ofModernity: Excursus on Castoriadis: The Imagi-nary Institution. Polity Press, 1990, pp. 32735.ISBN 0-7456-0830-2.

Axel Honneth. Rescuing the Revolution with anOntology: On Cornelius Castoriadis Theory of So-ciety. In:The Fragmanted World of the Social. Es-says in Social and Political Philosophy(ed. CharlesWright), SUNY Press, 1995, pp. 168183. ISBN978-143-8407-00-5.

Hans Joas. Pragmatism and Social Theory, Univer-sity of Chicago Press, 1993, pp. 154171. ISBN978-022-6400-42-6

Alexandros Kioupkiolis. Freedom After the Critiqueof Foundations: Marx, Liberalism, Castoriadis andAgonistic Autonomy. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.ISBN 0230279120.

Jeff Klooger. Castoriadis: Psyche, Society, Auton-omy. Brill, 2009.ISBN 978-90-04-17529-7

Johann Michel. Ricoeur and the Post-Structuralists:Bourdieu, Derrida, Deleuze, Foucault, Castoriadis.

Rowman & Littlefield International, 2014. ISBN978-17-83-48094-4.

Mathieu Noury. Cornelius Castoriadis, sociologue? Critique sociologique de l'ontologie de la cra-tion imaginaire sociale.Revue Aspects Sociologiques,18(1), March 2011.

Yorgos Oikonomou (ed.), [The Birthof Democracy and Contemporary Crisis]. Athens:Eurasia books. 2011.ISBN 978-960-8187-77-1.

Mathieu Potte-Bonneville, Risked democracy:Foucault, Castoriadis and the Greeks,Radical Phi-losophy166 (March/April 2011).

Richard Rorty. "Unger, Castoriadis, and the Ro-mance of a National Future.Northwestern Univer-sity Law Review,82(2):33551 (1988).

Alexandros Schismenos. The Human Tempest.Psyche and autonomy in Cornelius Castoriadis

Philosophy [ . ]. Athens: Exarcheia, 2013. ISBN978-618-80336-5-8.

Alexandros Schismenos and Nikos Ioannou. AfterCastoriadis. Routes for Autonomy in the 21st Century[ . 21 ]. Athens: Exarcheia, 2014.ISBN978-618-5128-03-6.

Society of Friends of Cornelius Castoriadis. ,, [Psyche, Logos, Polis]. Athens: Yp-

silon, 2007.ISBN 978-960-17-0219-3. Yannis Stavrakakis. Creativity and its Limits: En-

counters with Social Constructionism and the Po-litical in Castoriadis and Lacan. Constellations,9(4):522539 (2002).

Yannis Stavrakakis. The Lacanian Left: Psycho-analysis, Theory, Politics. Edinburgh UniversityPress, 2007, pp. 3765.ISBN 0791473295.

Thesis Eleven, Special Issue 'Cornelius Castoriadis,Number 49, May 1997. London: Sage Publications.ISSN 0725-5136.

John B. Thompson. Studies in the Theory of Ide-ology. University of California Press, 1984, Chap-ter 1: Ideology and the Social Imaginary. An Ap-praisal of Castoriadis and Lefort. ISBN 978-052-0054-11-0.

Simon Tormey and Jules Townshend,Key Thinkersfrom Critical Theory to Post-Marxism, London: SagePublications, 2006, pp. 1337. ISBN 978-184-7877-16-1.

Marcela Tovar-Restrepo,Castoriadis, Foucault, andAutonomy: New Approaches to Subjectivity, Society,and Social Change, Continuum International Pub-lishing, 2012.ISBN 978-14-41-15226-8.

Joel Whitebook. Intersubjectivity and the MonadicCore of the Psyche: Habermas and Castoriadis onthe Unconscious. In: Maurizio Passerin d'Entrvesand Seyla Benhabib (eds.), Habermas and the Unfin-ished Project of Modernity: Critical Essays on ThePhilosophical Discourse of Modernity, MIT Press,1997, pp. 172193.ISBN 978-026-2540-80-3.

9 External links

WMF project links

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780262540803http://books.google.gr/books?id=P4kg3t6j5FgC&dq=castoriadis&source=gbs_navlinks_shttp://books.google.gr/books?id=P4kg3t6j5FgC&dq=castoriadis&source=gbs_navlinks_shttp://books.google.gr/books?id=P4kg3t6j5FgC&dq=castoriadis&source=gbs_navlinks_shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyla_Benhabibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441152268http://books.google.gr/books?id=3j-__aKL888C&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=3j-__aKL888C&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=3j-__aKL888C&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781847877161https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781847877161http://books.google.gr/books?id=Cjyg3-2qWSwC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=Cjyg3-2qWSwC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520054110https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520054110http://books.google.gr/books?id=4nryBXmTFw0C&source=gbs_navlinks_shttp://books.google.gr/books?id=4nryBXmTFw0C&source=gbs_navlinks_shttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Thompson_(sociologist)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesis_Elevenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0791473295http://books.google.gr/books?id=zYA251byjVYC&vq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=zYA251byjVYC&vq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constellations_(journal)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yannis_Stavrakakishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789601702193https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786185128036https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786185128036https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786188033658https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786188033658https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_University_Law_Reviewhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_University_Law_Reviewhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Mangabeira_Ungerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Rortyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Philosophyhttp://www.radicalphilosophy.com/article/risked-democracy-2http://www.radicalphilosophy.com/article/risked-democracy-2https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathieu%2520Potte-Bonnevillehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789608187771http://www.fss.ulaval.ca/cms_recherche/upload/aspectssociologiques/fichiers/noury2011.pdfhttp://www.fss.ulaval.ca/cms_recherche/upload/aspectssociologiques/fichiers/noury2011.pdfhttp://www.fss.ulaval.ca/cms_recherche/upload/aspectssociologiques/fichiers/noury2011.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781783480944https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781783480944https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004175297http://books.google.gr/books/about/Castoriadis.html?id=7ObcK83Qi8QC&redir_esc=yhttp://books.google.gr/books/about/Castoriadis.html?id=7ObcK83Qi8QC&redir_esc=yhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0230279120http://books.google.gr/books?id=aOKx3wezJ_QC&vq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=aOKx3wezJ_QC&vq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=aOKx3wezJ_QC&vq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226400426https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226400426http://books.google.gr/books?id=pxqc02veu2kC&dq=%2522https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438407005https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438407005http://books.google.gr/books?id=zKxkigoKGosC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=zKxkigoKGosC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_Honnethhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0745608302https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Philosophical_Discourse_of_Modernityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Philosophical_Discourse_of_Modernityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783930345649https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783930345649https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786185011697https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1904859070https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1904859070https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Goodwayhttp://books.google.gr/books?id=_ztHKlN_ObwC&dq=http://books.google.gr/books?id=_ztHKlN_ObwC&dq=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Brintonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780765618535https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780765618535http://books.google.gr/books/about/From_Neo_Marxism_to_Democratic_Theory.html?id=8U7MQlYJgZAC&redir_esc=yhttp://books.google.gr/books/about/From_Neo_Marxism_to_Democratic_Theory.html?id=8U7MQlYJgZAC&redir_esc=yhttp://books.google.gr/books/about/From_Neo_Marxism_to_Democratic_Theory.html?id=8U7MQlYJgZAC&redir_esc=yhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Arato

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

12/13

12 9 EXTERNAL LINKS

Media related toCornelius Castoriadisat Wikime-dia Commons

Quotations related toCornelius Castoriadisat Wik-iquote

Cornelius Castoriadisat Wikibooks The dictionary definition ofanerithmon gelasmaat

Wiktionary

Overviews

Cornelius Castoriadisentry in theInternet Encyclo-pedia of Philosophy

Interviews

Videotaped interviewwithChris Marker Interview with Cornelius Castoriadis for the show

Paraskinio, of the Greek television network ET1(1984)onYouTube(with English subtitles)

Broadcast information on radio interviews withCornelius Castoriadis (in French).Institut Nationalde l'Audiovisuel. Retrieved 2013-12-17. (The filesand documents kept at the Inathque de Francecan be consulted at the consultation centre at theBibliothque nationale de France.)

Obituaries; biographies

Cornelius Castoriadis 19221997at the libertariancommunist website libcom.org, 27 September 2003

Symposium: Cornelius Castoriadis, 19221997,obituaries and profiles by Axel Honneth, EdgarMorin, and Joel Whitebook, Radical Philosophymagazine, July/August 1998 (access restricted tosubscribers)

Obituary: Castoriadis and the democratic tradi-tionbyTakis Fotopoulos, Democracy & Nature,Vol. 4, No. 1 (1997)

Bibliographies; analyses; critiques

The Cornelius Castoriadis/Agora InternationalWebsitecontains bibliographies in many languagesand the complete text of theSocialisme ou Barbariemagazine series (texts scanned in the originalFrench)

L'Association Castoriadiswith bibliography, news,media events, original articles (in French)

Castoriadis: entry by John V. Garner,Internet En-cyclopedia of Philosophy

Cornelius Castoriadis and the triumph of the willby Alex Callinicos, Chapter 4.3 of Trotskyism, 1990

Cornelius Castoriadis, critical analysis at the liber-tarian communist website libcom.org

An Introduction to Cornelius Castoriadis Workby Fabio Ciaramelli, Journal of European Psycho-analysis #6, Winter 1998 (access restricted to sub-scribers)

The Strange Afterlife of Cornelius CastoriadisbyScott McLemee,Chronicle of Higher Education, 26March 2004 (access restricted to subscribers)

Full text of the Cornelius Castoriadis symposiumheld at theUniversity of Akureyri, from the specialissue of Nordicum-Mediterraneum, e-magazine ofNordic and Mediterranean studies, December 2008

Houston, Christopher, Islam, Castoriadis and au-tonomy. Thesis Eleven, February 2004, vol. 76,no. 1, pp. 4969

Suzi Adams, Castoriadis long journey throughNomos: Institution, creation, interpretation. Tijd-schrift voor Filosofie, 70 (June), 269295 (2008)

Suzi Adams, Towards a Post-Phenomenology ofLife: Castoriadis Naturphilosophie", Cosmos andHistory: The Journal of Natural and Social Philoso-

phy, Vol 4, No 12 (2008)

Linda M.G. Zerilli (2002), Castoriadis, Arendt,and the Problem of the New,doi: 10.1111/1467-8675.00302

The autonomy project and Inclusive Democracy:a critical review of Castoriadis thought, byTakisFotopoulos, The International Journal ofInclusiveDemocracy, Vol 4, No 2 (April 2008)

Unities and Tensions in the Work of Cornelius Cas-toriadis With Some Considerations on the Questionof Organizationby David Ames Curtis, talk deliv-ered to Autonomy or Barbarism"-sponsored eventin Athens, 7 December 2007

Exchange of letters between Cornelius Castoriadisand Anton Pannekoek, originally published in So-cialisme ou Barbarie, translated and introduced byViewpoint Magazine

http://viewpointmag.com/http://viewpointmag.com/deviations-part-1-the-castoriadis-pannekoek-exchange/http://viewpointmag.com/deviations-part-1-the-castoriadis-pannekoek-exchange/http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v1/IssuuViewer.swf?mode=embed&layout=http%253A%252F%252Fskin.issuu.com%252Fv%252Flight%252Flayout.xml&showFlipBtn=true&documentId=100118125119-8932358d05a14596b3489930a358bd43&docName=athens-nostrikeoutword_1_&username=magmareview&loadingInfoText=Unities%2520and%2520Tensions&et=1263822617120&er=90http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v1/IssuuViewer.swf?mode=embed&layout=http%253A%252F%252Fskin.issuu.com%252Fv%252Flight%252Flayout.xml&showFlipBtn=true&documentId=100118125119-8932358d05a14596b3489930a358bd43&docName=athens-nostrikeoutword_1_&username=magmareview&loadingInfoText=Unities%2520and%2520Tensions&et=1263822617120&er=90http://static.issuu.com/webembed/viewers/style1/v1/IssuuViewer.swf?mode=embed&layout=http%253A%252F%252Fskin.issuu.com%252Fv%252Flight%252Flayout.xml&showFlipBtn=true&documentId=100118125119-8932358d05a14596b3489930a358bd43&docName=athens-nostrikeoutword_1_&username=magmareview&loadingInfoText=Unities%2520and%2520Tensions&et=1263822617120&er=90https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusive_Democracyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusive_Democracyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takis_Fotopouloshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takis_Fotopouloshttp://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/journal/vol4/vol4_no2_takis_castoriadis.htmhttp://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/journal/vol4/vol4_no2_takis_castoriadis.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://www.arts.yorku.ca/politics/ncanefe/docs/castoriadis%2520and%2520arendt.pdfhttp://www.arts.yorku.ca/politics/ncanefe/docs/castoriadis%2520and%2520arendt.pdfhttp://cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/view/108/216http://cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/view/108/216http://www.academia.edu/516975/Castoriadis_Long_Journey_Through_Nomos_Institution_Creation_Interpretationhttp://www.academia.edu/516975/Castoriadis_Long_Journey_Through_Nomos_Institution_Creation_Interpretationhttp://www.academia.edu/630731/Islamism_Castoriadis_and_Autonomyhttp://www.academia.edu/630731/Islamism_Castoriadis_and_Autonomyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Akureyrihttp://nome.unak.is/previous-issues/issues/vol3_2/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronicle_of_Higher_Educationhttp://chronicle.com/free/v50/i29/29a01401.htmhttp://www.psychomedia.it/jep/number6/castoriadis1.htmhttp://libcom.org/tags/cornelius-castoriadishttp://www.marxists.de/trotism/callinicos/4-3_heresies.htmhttp://www.iep.utm.edu/castoria/http://castoriadis.org/http://www.agorainternational.org/http://www.agorainternational.org/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_&_Naturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takis_Fotopouloshttp://www.democracynature.org/dn/vol4/fotopoulos_castor.htmhttp://www.democracynature.org/dn/vol4/fotopoulos_castor.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Morinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Morinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_Honnethhttp://www.radicalphilosophy.com/article/symposium-cornelius-castoriadis-1922%25e2%2580%25931997http://libcom.org/history/articles/1922-1997-cornelius-castoriadis/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_National_de_l%2527Audiovisuelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_National_de_l%2527Audiovisuelhttp://inatheque.ina.fr/Ina/ws/dlr/dlweb/general/ResultSet?w=NATIVE%2528%2527ITOUSTEXT+ph+like+%2527%2527Cornelius+Castoriadis%2527%2527%2527%2529&r=1&rpp=50&upp=0http://inatheque.ina.fr/Ina/ws/dlr/dlweb/general/ResultSet?w=NATIVE%2528%2527ITOUSTEXT+ph+like+%2527%2527Cornelius+Castoriadis%2527%2527%2527%2529&r=1&rpp=50&upp=0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTubehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hs9ZsKj-o1khttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hs9ZsKj-o1khttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hs9ZsKj-o1khttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Markerhttp://www.notbored.org/cornelius-castoriadis.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophyhttp://www.iep.utm.edu/castoriahttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anerithmon%2520gelasmahttps://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cornelius%2520Castoriadishttps://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cornelius%2520Castoriadishttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cornelius%2520Castoriadis

7/26/2019 Castoriadis Ingls wikipedia

13/13

13

10 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

10.1 Text

Cornelius Castoriadis Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis?oldid=704000970 Contributors: Snoyes, PoorYorick, Charles Matthews, Nv8200pa, Rbellin, Owen, Dimadick, Pigsonthewing, Fredrik, UtherSRG, Dmitri83, Christofurio, Deus Ex,FrozenUmbrella, Esperant, N-k, D6, Bender235, Edwinstearns, Zenohockey, Alai, RyanGerbil10, DarTar, Lapsed Pacifist, Zzyzx11, Pal-ica, Rjwilmsi, Mexaguil, Miskin, FlaBot, Ground Zero, Sperxios, Saninha~enwiki, AllyD, Damac, Bgwhite, YurikBot, Wavelength, PeterG Werner, RussBot, Gaius Cornelius, NawlinWiki, Leutha, Grafen, Tomisti, Nikkimaria, Greece666, Sardanaphalus, SmackBot, Red-House18, Hmains, The Gnome, Christhe speller, Paulcardan, Dahn, Cplakidas,John sargis, Nihilo 01, KRBN, Hgilbert, Lambiam, O.E.Tal,Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Lapaz, Dumpster, TastyPoutine, Lancini87, Hu12, Georgios Nikolaidis, Joseph Solis in Australia, Naylon, To hellwith poverty!, Cydebot, Travelbird, Thijs!bot, HDLarsen, Hjijch, Skomorokh, .anacondabot, Magioladitis, Waacstats, FTh, Erik.w.davis,Johnpacklambert, Inbloom2, Inwind, VolkovBot, Omegastar, TXiKiBoT, BillAdso, Billninio, Smilo Don, Nipsonanomhmata, Davidames-curtis, Denisarona, Ashmedai 119, Alexpri, DragonBot, Alexbot, Rhododendrites, Ceyhunpam~enwiki, Takabeg, DumZiBoT, Caleb004,MystBot, ZaDiak, A.Cython, Maxfarrar, Red&black now, Captain-tucker, Inkathi, Vyom25, Woland1234, Enbowles, Luckas-bot, Yobot,Andreasmperu, Eduen, Panlis, JackieBot, Ulric1313, Lapost, Eumolpo, Raven1977, Gsmgm, Xqbot, Omnipaedista, Sekwanele, Shift775,FrescoBot, Jsftnano, Citation bot 1, Greco22, RjwilmsiBot, ImprovingWiki, John of Reading, , Music Sorter, MCMiller,Neftonos, Mmick66, Jilska1, Helpful Pixie Bot, Lowercase sigmabot, BG19bot, Hegels bagel, T481, Gus77, BattyBot, Asdfghjklgyascutus,Jackninja5, VIAFbot, Randykitty, ArmbrustBot, Marios Loverkos, Aubreybardo, Monkbot, Tigercompanion25, Conchpotters, KasparBotand Anonymous: 135

10.2 Images File:Socialisme_ou_barbarie.JPG Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Socialisme_ou_barbarie.JPG Li-

cense:Public domainContributors:Own workOriginal artist:Sirdon

10.3 Content license

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Socialisme_ou_barbarie.JPGhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis?oldid=704000970