CaseStudy_Procurement_1.pdf

8/19/2019 CaseStudy_Procurement_1.pdf

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BT tình huống 1: Trading materialsPhòng Sales tại Global Bike Inc. nhận được dự báo là vào tháng 1 năm 2013 thị trường về sản phẩm quần áo thể thao phục vụ cho xe đạp leo núi sẽ tăng cao, nên bộ phận mua hàng có tráchnhiệm đặt đơn hàng mới để mua sản phẩm này. Do là sản phẩm hoàn toàn mới nên bộ phận muahàng phải tạo master data mới cho sản phẩm quần áo thể thao leo núi, sau đó t ìm hiểu tất cả

những nhà cung cấp uy tín và nhận bảng báo giá từ họ, tiếp theo bộ phận mua hàng duyệt vàthống nhất lại nhà cung cấp chính cho sả phẩm này.K ế tiếp, bộ phận mua hàng chịu trách nhiệm hoàn thành việc đặt đơn hàng và chuyển hàng vàokho. Lưu ý là thực hiện các thao tác phát sinh kế toán có liên quan và thông tin chi tiết về sản phẩm được thể hiện bên dưới:

Thông tin bảng báo giá từ các nhà cung cấp (NCC) NCC Nike - sản phẩm Nike Cargo Shorts

Full retail price: $52.00 Original outlet sticker price: $34.99

50% off sale khi đặt hàng với số lượng tr ên 1.000.000 sp

NCC Adidas - sản phẩm Adidas ADS Sports

Full retail price: $55.00 Original outlet sticker price: $34.99 20% off sale khi đặt hàng với số lượng tr ên 100.000 sp

BT tình huống 2: Transfer posting giữa nhiều division


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The value of the stock transfer is posted upon withdrawal of the material. The material master recordschange as follows:

In the issuing plant, the stock is reduced by the quantity transferred, and the value is reducedaccordingly:

Transfer posting value = transfer posting quantity x price in issuing plant

In the receiving plant, the stock is increased by the quantity transferred, and the value isincreased in accordance with the price control defined for the material.

If the price in the receiving plant differs from that in the issuing plant, the transfer posting results in pricedifferences. These differences are posted to the stock account (in the case of price control V) or to an"Expense/income from stock transfer" account (in the case of price control S), depending on the type ofprice control defined in the receiving plant.

The value of the transfer posting is calculated based on the price in the issuing plant: 50 pieces x$10/piece = $500. Consequently, the total value is reduced by $500 in the issuing plant and increased by$500 in the receiving plant.

The transfer posting leads to the creation of an accounting document. If the plants involved belong todifferent company codes, an accounting document is created for each company code. In this case, theoffsetting entry is made to the company code clearing account.


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http://sap-materialmanagement.blogspot.com/2009/08/transfer-posting-and-stock-transfer.html

Business example of transfer posting and solution:-Example 1: In Plant 0001, storage location 0001 there are Material XYZ in qualityinspection stock .The inspection is done and now the business need the stock as unrestricted usestock.Solution:

Prerequisite – You must have enough stock of material XYZ in your storage location as QualityInspection stock.

1. Type MIGO in the command field and press enter.2. In the first dropdown choose transfer posting.3. In the second dropdown choose other and press enter.4. Check the movement type at the right corner .If it is not 321 make it 321 as 321 movementtype is used to transfer stock form block to unrestricted.5. In the transfer tab under Dest in material field give material no XYZ, in Plant field give plant0001, in storage location field give 0001 and press enter.6. Select the quantity tab by clicking on quantity.7. In Qty in unit of entry field give the quantity8. Check the Item Ok check box9. Now press F7 or click on Check Box in the upper left of the screen .If the document is ok youwill get a message in the bottom part of the screen like “Document is O.K”10. Click on Post button right beside the check button.

Now to check your stock1. Type MMBE in the command field and press enter.2. Give XYZ in material field, 0001 in plant filed and 0001 in Storage Location field.3. Press F8.

Exercise of transfer posting: 1. In one of your material some defects have been found. Transfer some of the material toQuality Inspection stock.2. You have two materials with same unit of measure. One is a good quality material (materialA) and another is a poor quality material (material B).After some time 10 of good qualitymaterials become poor due to some defects . Now you have to transfer those 10 good quality

materials to poor quality material.(Hint: Create two material, use movement type 309)

Stock TransferIn stock Transfer we transfer some material from one organizational level to another .So for thatwe have two procedures.• Two step procedure: Here we issue the goods from one organizational level in 1st step and in


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2nd step we receive the goods in another organizational level.• One step procedure: Here issue and receipt is done at once.

Storage location to storage location – one step Few facts about storage location to storage location stock transfer

1. It is done within the same plant.2. One material document is generated.3. Generally no accounting document is generated. Accounting document is only generated if thematerial is split valuated and valuation type changes in the process of stock transfer.

Storage location tostorage location –Two step1. Goods are first issued in the issuing plant.2. As soon as goods issue is done from issuing storage location instead of going to unrestrictedstock of receiving storage location it goes to Stock in transfer.3. In the second step goods receipt is done in the receiving storage location to transfer the stockfrom stock in transfer to unrestricted use.

Plant to plant stock transfer1. Material Document is created during plant to plant transfer.2. Accounting document is only created if the plants are assigned to different valuation areas.3. If the plants belongs to different company codes then two accounting document is generated.

Plant to Plant stock transfer: One step procedure


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Only one material document is generated.

Plant to Plant stock

transfer: Two step procedure 1. Two material documents are generated.2. Material is issued from one plant to another plant. After issuing the material it comes to thereceiving plant as stock in transit material.3. After issuing the material goods receipt is done and the material in stock in transit becomesunrestricted stock in receiving plant.

Business example oftransfer posting and solution:-Example 1: In your plant 1000 material XYZ exists in both 0001 and 0002 storage location. In


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storage location 0001, 100 quantity of material XYZ exists. Business needs to transfer 10 ofthose 100 materials from storage location 0001 to 0002.

Solution: one step procedure1. Type MB1B in the command field and press enter.

2. Fill the fields as Movement Type : 311 , Plant 1000 , Storage Location : 00013. Press enter4. In Recv. SLoc field enter 00025. In the 1st line item in material field give material no XYZ , in quantity field give 10 , enter basic unit of measure in BUN field and press enter .6. Save the document. Note down the generated Material document no.Optional:1. Check the Material document using TCODE MB032. Check the stock using TCODE MMBE .

http://ierp.us/sap/mm-materials-management/procedures-of-stock-transfer-posting-between- plants/

SAP One-step and two-steps stock transfer posting

procedures

In the previous post about stock transfer between plants in general, I have explained that it can bedone with Stock Transfer Posting (which solely in SAP MM Inventory Management component)or Stock Transport Order (which also involves SAP MM Purchasing and SAP SD components).

In this post, I will explain Stock Transfer Posting in more details.

Unlike stock transfer posting from one storage location to another storage location which can becarried out for all stock types, plant to plant stock transfer posting can only be carried out fromunrestricted-stock to unrestricted-stock in both plants.

In term of how to do the transaction, stock transfer posting can be done in one-stop procedure ortwo-steps procedure.

Stock Transfer Posting in One-step Procedure

The advantage of one-step stock transfer posting is the simplicity that we only have to do asingle transaction for it.

In that single transaction, the unrestricted-stock in issuing plant is reduced and the unrestricted-stock in receiving plant is increased. The unrestricted-stock quantity in one storage location of a plant can be seen in MARD table – LABST field.


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The movement type used in this transaction is 301 (and 302 to cancel it). After posting the stocktransfer transaction, SAP will create a material document. For every item we enter in thetransaction, SAP will create two material document items:- one item for reducing the unrestricted-stock in issuing plant- one item for increasing the unrestricted-stock in receiving plant.

The transaction can be done with MIGO or MIGO_TR, and MB1B tcodes.

The user that performs the one-step stock transfer posting must have authorization to do thegoods movement transaction in both plants.

The authorization objects required for this transaction:

M_MSEG_BWA – Goods Movements: Movement Typeo Activity: 01, 02, 03o

Movement type: 301-302 M_MSEG_WWA – Goods Movements: Plant

o Activity: 01, 02, 03o Plant: issuing plant, receiving plant

M_MSEG_LGO – Goods Movements: Storage LocationThis authorization object is needed if only you activated “Authorization Check forStorage Locations” on the configuration. To check whether it’s activated or not, go tofollowing SPRO tcode menu path: Materials Management – Inventory Management andPhysical Inventory – Authorization Management – Authorization Check for StorageLocations.

o Activity: 01, 02, 03o

Movement type: 301-302o Plant: issuing plant, receiving planto Storage location: issuing sloc, receiving sloc

On the following image you can see the screenshot of MIGO / MIGO_TR tcode to do the stocktransfer posting from a plant to another plant in one-step procedure. The red boxes indicate thefields that need to be filled/chosen.

The above image is © SAP AG 2011. All rights reserved


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Click “Check” button to check your input. If there is no error message, click “Post” button.

On the following images you can see the screenshot of MB1B tcode to do the stock transfer posting from a plant to another plant in one-step procedure. The red boxes indicate the fields thatneed to be filled/chosen.



We can plan one-step stock transfer posting with stock transfer reservation (MB21 tcode).

Stock Transfer Posting in Two-steps Procedure

In two-steps stock transfer posting procedure, we have to do two transactions in order to reducethe stock in issuing plant and increase the stock in receiving plant.


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The first one is “Remove from storage” transaction, that will decrease the unrestricted-stock inthe issuing plant (MARD table – LABST field) and increase the “stock in transfer (plant)”(MARC table – UMLMC field) in the receiving plant.

The transaction can be done with MIGO, MIGO_TR, or MB1B tcodes. The movement type for

the transaction is 303 (and 304 to cancel it).After posting the “Remove from storage” transaction, SAP will create a material document. Forevery item we enter in the transaction, SAP will create two material document items:- one item for reducing the unrestricted-stock in issuing plant- one item for increasing the stock in transfer (plant) in receiving plant.

On the following image you can see the screenshot of MIGO / MIGO_TR tcode to do the“Remove from storage” transaction. The red boxes indicate the fields that need to befilled/chosen.


On the following images you can see the screenshot of MB1B tcode to do the “Remove from

storage” transaction. The red boxes indicate the fields that need to be filled/chosen.



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The second transaction is “Place in Storage” transaction that will decrease the stock in transfer(MARC table – UMLMC field) and increase the unrestricted-stock in the receiving plant(MARD table – LABST field).

The transaction can be done with MIGO/MIGO_TR or MB1B tcodes. The movement type forthe transaction is 305 (and 306 to cancel it).

Although you can post the “place in storage” transaction without any reference documents (aslong as there as sufficient “stock in transfer” in the receiving plant) withMIGO/MIGO_TR/MB1B tcodes, it’s better to post it by referring to the material document posted from the related Remove from storage transaction with MIGO/MIGO_TR tcodes. By

doing so, you don’t have to re-enter the item details of the transaction, just the reference materialdocument number then SAP will copy the data from the reference document. You can edit thedata before posting the “place in storage” transaction, i.e the quantity data in case of partiallyreceipt.

After posting the “Place in storage” transaction, SAP will create a material document. For everyitem we enter in the transaction, SAP will create only one material document item:- one item for reducing the stock in transfer (plant) and increasing the unrestricted-stock in thereceiving plant.

On the following image you can see the screenshot of MIGO / MIGO_TR tcode to do the “Place

in storage” transaction that refers to a “remove from storage” material document. The red boxesindicate the fields that need to be filled/chosen.


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Click “Check” button to check your input. If there is no error message, click “Post” button.

On the following images you can see the screenshot of MB1B tcode to do the “Place in storage”transaction (we can’t refer to “remove from storage” material document in order to post the“place in storage” transaction with MB1B tcode). The red boxes indicate the fields that need to be filled/chosen.



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Why should we do two transactions if we can do it with only one transaction? Although it seemsmore complicated, actually by doing two transactions we can:

Monitor the stock in transfer between plants. It’s better to do this in two transactions ifthere are difference between plants in terms of place (location) and time when the issuingand receiving process occur.

Separate the authorization between the one who removes from storage (issues) the stockin issuing plant, and the one who places in storage (receives) the stock in receiving plant.So, we can set that the one who issues the stock in issuing plant can’t receive the stock inreceiving plant, and vice versa.The authorization objects required for these transactions:

o M_MSEG_BWA – Goods Movements: Movement Type Activity: 01, 02, 03 Movement type: 303-304 (for Remove From Storage transaction) or 305-

306 (for Place In Storage transaction)o M_MSEG_WWA – Goods Movements: Plant

Activity: 01, 02, 03 Plant: issuing plant (for Remove From Storage transaction) or receiving

plant (for Place In Storage transaction)o M_MSEG_LGO – Goods Movements: Storage Location

This authorization object is needed if only you activated “Authorization Check forStorage Locations” on the configuration. To check whether it’s activated or not,go to following SPRO tcode menu path: Materials Management – InventoryManagement and Physical Inventory – Authorization Management –

Authorization Check for Storage Locations. Activity: 01, 02, 03 Movement type: 303-304 (for Remove From Storage transaction) or 305-

306 (for Place In Storage transaction) Plant: issuing plant (for Remove From Storage transaction) or receiving

plant (for Place In Storage transaction) Storage location: issuing sloc (for Remove From Storage transaction) or

receiving sloc (for Place In Storage transaction)


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To carry out a stock transfer from plant to plant for a material that is subject to split valuation atthe receiving point, we have to use the one-step procedure or a stock transport order.

Documents

CaseStudy_Procurement_1.pdf