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7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FOUNDATION FOR MONTE ALTO FOREST RESERVE, Costa Rica
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Equator Initiative Case StudiesLocal sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities
Costa Rica
FOUNDATION FOR MONTEALTO FOREST RESERVE
Empowered live
Resilient nation
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UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIES
Local and indigenous communities across the world are advancing innovative sustainable development solutions that woor people and or nature. Few publications or case studies tell the ull story o how such initiatives evolve, the breadth
their impacts, or how they change over time. Fewer still have undertaken to tell these stories with community practitionthemselves guiding the narrative.
To mark its 10-year anniversary, the Equator Initiative aims to ll this gap. The ollowing case study is one in a growing ser
that details the work o Equator Prize winners vetted and peer-reviewed best practices in community-based environmenconservation and sustainable livelihoods. These cases are intended to inspire the policy dialogue needed to take local succto scale, to improve the global knowledge base on local environment and development solutions, and to serve as models
replication. Case studies are best viewed and understood with reerence to The Power o Local Action: Lessons rom 10 Yearsthe Equator Prize, a compendium o lessons learned and policy guidance that draws rom the case material.
Click on the map to visit the Equator Initiatives searchable case study database.
EditorsEditor-in-Chie: Joseph CorcoranManaging Editor: Oliver HughesContributing Editors: Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Erin Lewis, Whitney Wilding
Contributing WritersEdayatu Abieodun Lamptey, Erin Atwell, Toni Blackman, Jonathan Clay, Joseph Corcoran, Larissa Currado, Sarah Gordon, Oliver Hughe
Wen-Juan Jiang, Sonal Kanabar, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Rachael Lader, Patrick Lee, Erin Lewis, Jona Liebl, Mengning Ma,Mary McGraw, Gabriele Orlandi, Brandon Payne, Juliana Quaresma, Peter Schecter, Martin Sommerschuh, Whitney Wilding, Luna Wu
DesignOliver Hughes, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Amy Korngiebel, Kimberly Koserowski, Erin Lewis, John Mulqueen, Lorena de la Par
Brandon Payne, Mariajos Satizbal G.
AcknowledgementsThe Equator Initiative acknowledges with gratitude the Foundation or Monte Alto Forest Reserve, and in particular the guidance ainputs o Miguel Mendez Garcia. All photo credits courtesy o Foundation or Monte Alto Forest Reserve. Maps courtesy o CIA WoFactbook and Wikipedia.
Suggested CitationUnited Nations Development Programme. 2012. Foundation or Monte Alto Forest Reserve, Costa Rica. Equator Initiative Case Study Ser
New York, NY.
http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdf7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FOUNDATION FOR MONTE ALTO FOREST RESERVE, Costa Rica
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PROJECT SUMMARYResponding to deorestation around the headwaters o theNosara River, a source o drinking water and o wellbeing or
the inhabitants o the small town o Hojancha in the centralhighlands o the Nicoya peninsula, local armers cametogether in 1994 to enhance local orest conservation and
create the co-managed Monte Alto Protected Zone. This924-hectare area was created by acquiring land or naturalregeneration or reorestation. A co-management agreementwith the Costa Rican Ministry o Environment ensures local
participation in the areas management decisions.
The Fundacin Pro Reserva Forestal Monte Alto continuesto use monthly contributions rom its member armers
to purchase additional land parcels, adding to the orestreserve area. Alternative income-generating activities suchas ecotourism have helped to decrease reliance on clearingorest or cultivation or the communitys 7,250 residents.
KEY FACTS
EQUATOR PRIZE WINNER: 2004
FOUNDED: 1993
LOCATION: Guancaste province, northwestern Costa Rica
BENEFICIARIES: 250 families
BIODIVERSITY: 924 hectares of tropical forest protected
3
FOUNDATION FOR MONTE ALTO FORESTRESERVECosta Rica
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Background and Context 4
Key Activities and Innovations 6
Biodiversity Impacts 8
Socioeconomic Impacts 9
Policy Impacts 9
Sustainability 10
Replication 10
Partners 10
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4
he Central American Pacic Coast was once densely covered inropical rainorest and home to a range o wildlie species and
iodiversity. Between the 1930s and the 1960s, however, theegion suered rom severe and large-scale deorestation and landegradation, stripping away much o the original vegetation. By the
eginning o the 1990s, much o the coastal area had been convertedor armland or cattle ranches. One o the regions most aected
y deorestation was the province o Guanacaste in northwesternCosta Rica. As in other regions, vast areas o rainorest were cut down
or cattle ranching, commercial logging interests, intensive grainultivation, and coee and sugarcane plantations. These land useecisions had predictably devastating impacts on local ecosystems.
Unseasonably long and erratic droughts in the dry season wereollowed by extreme ooding in the rainy season, causing both soil
rosion and water scarcity.
articularly hard hit by deorestation was the area surrounding theeadwaters o the Nosara River, a source o drinking water and o
wellbeing or the inhabitants o the small town o Hojancha in
he central highlands o the Nicoya peninsula. It is estimated thatetween 1968 and 1992, the ow o the Nosara River was reduced
y 90 percent, leading not only to an acute water shortage, butlso to the out-migration o more than 50 percent o the resident
opulation. This migration is perhaps indicative o how muchhe local population has historically relied on the Nosara River or
velihoods, health, and community wellbeing.
A local response to orest and watershed degradation
As deorestation o the headwaters was the source o the problem,
group o twelve armers in the Hojancha community saw thatestoration o the orests could also be the solution. Under theuspices o the Cantonal Agricultural Center o Hojancha (CACH),
hese armers joined orces to establish the Foundation or MonteAlto Forest Reserve (Fundacin Pro Reserva Forestal Monte Alto)
with the aim o promoting both environmental conservation and
sustainable livelihoods. The oundation works with local arto acquire and reorest land around the Nosara Rivers headwa
and supports in the promotion o sustainable incomes throenvironmentally-riendly micro-enterprises and ecotou
Through the environmental protection and gradual reorest
o degraded lands, the organization has overseen the recovean important watershed, resurgence in several plant and an
species, and improvements in local livelihoods.
Acquiring land or conservation
The Monte Alto Foundation was incorporated as a non-governm
organization in 1993 under Costa Ricas Foundations Law, No. 5The goal o the oundation is to acquire degraded land in o
to protect and restore the natural water unctions o the regecosystems. The initiative began as a vision o a commu
driven mechanism where land would be purchased rom armers, hectare-by-hectare, in order to coordinate the restorao degraded and deorested ecosystems and sustainable inc
generating opportunities or the local population. To delivervision, the oundation created what it called the Founding D
Program, which gave interested partners and donors a chathrough which the oundation could purchase land rom
armers.
The Monte Alto Protected Zone
In 1994, supported by the municipal government and the Min
o Environment, Energy and Telecommunications (MINAET)Monte Alto Foundation was able to use this unding mechanis
create the Monte Alto Protected Zone. The protected area locin the Tempisque Conservation Area, Hojancha canton in the ubasin o the Nosara River is 924 hectares in size. The oundatio
established a co-management contract with MINAET that placeemphasis on local governance and leadership in the conserva
and reorestation o the reserve. Farmers interested in selling
Background and Context
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and within the reserve, and thereby setting it aside or conservationnd reorestation purposes, are compensated nancially. For thosewners in the protected zone that are not interested in selling their
arms, the oundation supports them in the development o socio-roductive alternatives that promote sustainable livelihoods as well
s watershed protection. All local armers (regardless o the status their lands) benet rom an umbrella ecotourism program, which
as become the nancial engine or conservation and reorestation
ctivities in the reserve.
Ecotourism and integrated conservation eorts
he ecotourism component o the Monte Alto Foundation aroserganically. Once the reserve was created, the oundation was
verrun with requests or visits rom a range o dierent groups lasses o school children, college and university students, national
nd international researchers, scientists, members o government,nd, importantly, tourists. This generated a need to provide lodgingervices, ood, inormational activities (such as lectures), and guided
tours. Rather than one ecotourism initiative, the oundationcreated an umbrella platorm under which small amily businehave been able to benet rom ecotourism by providing lodg
goods, and services within their means and respective areaexpertise.
The Monte Alto Foundation seeks to achieve sustainable
development as well as the maintenance and preservation
unctioning watershed-orest ecosystem. Coordinating the eo armers, local communities, and national and internat
organizations, the oundation successully carries out the purchaland parcels, social mobilization or the restoration and conserva
o natural orests, the uptake o environmentally-riendly produpractices, the dissemination o environmental education, and
strengthening o an ecotourism program which provides a revstream to und all o the above. Through these activities,
oundation has improved the quality, quantity and consistencpotable water or the local population; regenerated local orestsrestored local ecosystems; and reduced land conversion or cat
Climate change is a reality. We must take it very seriously to reduce its impacts on ecosystem
and ecosystem services, such as water. We have seen a change in rainfall patterns, as well as
changes in the times when some trees and orchids blossom, notably the more delicate ones. W
already have a species of the pioneer tree Schizolobium parahyba, which for four years has no
produced any seeds in this region.
Miguel Mendez Garcia, Foundation for Monte Alto Forest Reserve
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Key Activities and Innovations
he central component o the oundations work is land acquisition.o raise the unds needed to purchase land rom local armers, theoundation employs a shared contribution model, where members
o the oundation make monthly contributions o USD 4 per monthnto a common und. The rst purchase made through this und was
14-hectare parcel o land in the heart o the Hojancha watershedrea. By publicly demonstrating that this approach was easible,
he oundation soon attracted local and national attention, whichncouraged more armers to contribute to the und. Within onlyew years, a total o 175 local residents were participating in the
purchase o 340 hectares o land and the management o more than00 hectares o watershed area.
With the support o the Ministry o Environment, Energy and
elecommunications (MINAET), the oundation obtained an ofcialesignation o protected area or the 924-hectare area under its
management. Since that time, the oundation continues to grow
he protected area through the purchase o new land. Acquiredand is either allowed to regenerate naturally or is reorested using
ndemic, native, mixed tree cultures that are ecologically adapted tohe region. To ensure ongoing protection o the area, the oundation
egularly conducts surveillance to monitor or orest res as well asransgressions o protected area rules, such as illegal hunting andogging. In the case o orest re prevention, the oundation works in
lose cooperation with the Hojancha community orest re ghters
brigade. Guidance on reorestation, the restoration o degradedands, and other conservation activities is provided by research
partners.
Expansion o project activities and income streams
and acquisition is a costly undertaking. The shared contributionmodel, while a powerul expression o community commitment,
was not sufcient or the ongoing growth o the protected areand the oundations work. This was the motivating actor or the
oundations expansion into ecotourism, as a response to requests
or site visits rom a number o groups and stakeholders. In 1the oundation began construction o a basic tourism inrastrucwhich has grown over the years to include lodges, an eco-muse
and a cultural and environmental inormation centre. Ecotouhas not only provided jobs and income to various segments
sectors o the local population, but has also enabled the oundato purchase more land and to carry out its orest conserva
work. The nucleus o the ecotourism project is Dorati Lodge, a scomplex o our rustic cabins with a dining room, gym and soeld. A number o amily arms and cottages Finca Ecoturstica
del Calvo and Albergue Ecoturstico Familia Pacheco, or examoer visitors access to nature paths, wateralls, and a tilapia hatc
or recreational shing.
Environmental awareness-raising
The oundation quickly realized that land acquisition, reoresta
and land restoration eorts were insufcient or long conservation objectives. It would be necessary to engag
community outreach and environmental education i conservawas to become part o the local consciousness. As such,
oundation works with a number o elementary and high schoothe communities o Pilangosta, Monte Romo and Hojancha to prolocal school children with hands-on experience in conservation
reorestation. Through a number o programs, school children
supported to learn about the oundations work and to take paeducational activities on the importance o unctioning ecosysand healthy orests to community wellbeing. These activ
culminate in an annual tree-planting drive, where local chilplant native tree species in degraded areas.
Fostering microenterprises through skills-training
A urther activity o the oundation has been to work with tarmers that are interested in the conservation objective
the organization, but are not interested in selling their land
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wholesale conservation activities. The oundation works withhese armers to explore environmentally sustainable armingechniques. The oundation has ocused on coee cultivation and
vestock, two practices that can be particularly damaging to localwatersheds and ecosystems. To date, 27 coee producers have
een trained in improved arming techniques, where they integrateermicomposting and organic ertilizers into coee cultivation. A
entre or environmental training has been established which serves
s a platorm or partners to deliver capacity building support.rainings have been delivered by, among others, the National
nstitute o Learning, the Costa Rica Tourism Institute, the Ministry Agriculture and Livestock, the Agricultural Development Project
the Peninsula o Nicoya, the Agricultural Centre o CantonalHojancha, the Pilangosta Coee Growers Cooperative o Hojancha,
nd the Chamber o Livestock. Trainings have resulted in the creation new local collective action and small scale entrepreneurship
nitiatives. For example, to name only a ew o many, two womensrganizations in San Isidro have been trained in apple wine andrat production; a cooperative (the Golden Grain Socorro) has been
stablished to support amilies in the production o grains, coee,
and citrus plantations; and yet another cooperative has emeto coordinate the work o abric, paint, urniture and wood carartisans.
Organizational structure
The Monte Alto Foundation is governed by an assembly o oun
and an administrative board. The ormer serves as a stee
committee, is composed o twelve members, and meets once a The administrative board is more directly involved in the oundat
operations and its ve members are appointed annually. Tmembers are appointed by the assembly o ounders and
remunerated by the oundation or their services while the otwo are selected by the municipality and paid by the Ministr
Environment, Energy and Telecommunications. All ve are time employees charged with oversight and implementa
o the ecotourism program, technical guidance and trainenvironmental research and education, and the handling o tthat violate protected area rules.
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Impacts
BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS
Through the combination o direct conservation through landcquisition and the promotion o sustainable arming techniquesnd educational activities, the oundation has managed to
ontribute considerably to the protection o local orest ecosystemsnd watersheds. This approach has enabled the oundation to align
operation o the reserve with the development needs o the Cantono Hojancha, and to consolidate a nature reserve where human
ctivities are compatible with the protection o the environment.
Monitoring through biodiversity inventories
The most signicant biodiversity impact has been the creation o
he 924-hectare Monte Alto Protected Zone. Within this space, morehan 300 hectares o land have been ully conserved, restored and
eorested. In terms o monitoring and evaluation, the oundationbegan ten years ago to orge partnerships with students andesearchers at the University o Costa Rica, the National University
o Costa Rica, and the National Institute o Biodiversity, among oresearch bodies, to begin tracing in a more systematic way thro
biodiversity inventories the biodiversity impacts o the projewell as the number and diversity o species living in the reserve
The ndings o these inventories have shown that a considerecovery o the orest was achieved through reorestation meas
Reorestation, in turn, led to an increase in habitat and theenabled the recovery o local wildlie populations. A num
o species have returned to the area rom nearby orest groand now use the reserve as a reuge and a migration corridorexample, while at the beginning o the project there were h
any sightings o agoutis (Dasyprocta punctata), peccaries (Taytajacu), white-aced monkeys (Cebus capuchin) or ocelots (Leopa
pardalis), these species are now oten seen in the area, accordinrecent inventories. Biologists have also identied a new speci
shrub in the reserve, Stemmadenia hannae, which is ound nowelse in the world, as well as a rare, blue umbrella shaped mushrEntoloma macroungi.
Table 1: Species identifed by taxonomic group within Monte Alto Protected Zone
Taxonomic Group Species ound Taxonomic Group Species ound
Birds 186 Other epiphytes 5
Mammals 28 Orchids 70
Reptiles 18 Lichens 128Trees 167 Butteries 92
Shrubs 52 Moths 589
Grasses 50 Wasps 55
Palms 9 Flies 57
Bromelias 12 Aquatic insects 35
Cactus 6 Aquatic auna 11
Climbers 36 Macro-ungi 59
Source: Fundacin Pro Reserva Forestal Monte Alto, 2011.
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS
The target population o the project is the canton o Hojancha,
which has over 7,250 inhabitants. This is a predominantly ruralpopulation, the majority o whom (84 percent) own and operate
mall-hold arms o less than 50 hectares. More than 80 percent ohe local population works in agriculture and livestock, 10 percent in
he service and trade industries, 5 percent in commercial industries
e.g. sawmills), and the remaining 4 percent in proessional eldsuch as lawyers and teachers. Importantly, and especially in the
dry season, migration to other provinces and cantons is commonamong armers looking or additional income and employment.
Direct and spillover economic benefts
Through its activities, the Monte Alto Foundation directly and
ndirectly contributes to poverty reduction in the area by providingobs to local proessionals and by obtaining all necessary supplies
and services or the operation o the eco-lodges rom the local
economy. In addition to the salaries o the oundations ve ull-timeta members, there is also a regular need or casual labor (guides,
maids, cooks, etc.) to support the operation o the ecotourismprogram, which in 2010 led to an additional direct payment o
792,000 CRC (or roughly US $ 1,500) to residents o the Pilangostacommunity. Also in 2010, ood and hospitality services obtainedrom the local community amounted to 4,400,000 CRC (or roughly
US $ 8,700), as well as an additional 912,000 CRC (or US $ 1,800) ornrastructure materials.
Community-based tourism generates economic alternatives ora population that was largely dependent on livestock and coee
cultivation. Since the inception o the ecotourism project in 1999,he oundation has welcomed more than 20,000 visitors, accounting
or an average o 1,700 visitors per year. Similarly, amily initiaand proessional cooperatives haves developed around the tousector. As one example, Asociacin de Mujeres de San Raa
Maravilla is a womens cooperative that produces vegetables uhydroponic techniques. As another, Grupo de Mujeres Artes
Hoja Arte is a womens sel-help group which makes jewelry witseeds o native tree species. Several traditional dance and the
groups have also evolved.
In 2008, an environmental inormation center was built, at a
cost o 11,400,000 CRC (or US $ 22,600), again sourcing entirely local labor and building materials. The centre has led to higher le
o agricultural production, with ewer inputs and less contaminarom chemical ertilizers. For example, 27 coee producers
applying new techniques using organic ertilizers, which has increated over 50 additional jobs in maintenance and harvesting
centre has also been a vehicle or environmental and conservaeducation or local children, working with schools in and arothe reserve and using the orest and watershed ecosystems
classroom.
The Monte Alto Foundation is an institutional innovation combines local development, conservation and social inclusio
success has been based on the strengthening and accumulatiosocial and political capital with a range o stakeholders, but draat its base rom local community members and small-scale arm
POLICY IMPACTS
The standing o the reserve as an ofcial protected area,
o community will, but with the ormal recognition by the government o a co-management arrangement, is a notewopolicy impact. In this arrangement, power and responsibility
decision-making is shared between the government and the armers that work the land and undertake all reorestation activ
It is worth noting that co-management arrangements havormal legal standing in Costa Rica currently. As such, the ound
actively lobbies various levels o government or a changthis policy. Nonetheless, the oundation has established a stworking relationship with the government and various minis
coordinating their actions with similar-minded institutions. despite the unofcial co-management designation, the Costa R
government recognized Fundacin Pro Reserva Forestal Monteas the best local project in improving its municipal environme
1998, and the best local initiative in environmental conservati1996.
The oundation has also been active in advocating or changthe outdated Water Law o Costa Rica, which dates back to
and which has little bearing on the current realities o watermanagement and resh water provision in the region. F
legislation in Costa Rica, on the other hand, oers a more ruwindow or advocacy and progressive action, as the Forestry A1990s created a number o incentives or orest conservation,
the Forestry Law 7575 o 1996 acknowledged the importancecosystem services to human wellbeing and the threats that
conversion poses to Costa Ricas orests.
9
Table 2: Visitor numbers, 1999-2010
YearCosta Rican
VisitorsForeignVisitors
Total Visitors
1999 1,014 157 1,171
2000 1,226 171 1,397
2001 1,448 232 1,680
2002 1,948 232 2,180
2003 1,365 123 1,488
2004 1,332 196 1,528
2005 1,276 384 1,660
2006 1,206 331 1,537
2007 1,263 344 1,607
2008 1,466 518 1,984
2009 1,681 417 2,098
2010 1,492 424 1,916
Total: 16,717 3,529 20,246
Source: Fundacin Pro Reserva Forestal Monte Alto, 2011.
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Sustainability and Replication
SUSTAINABILITYn its twenty years o operation, the Monte Alto Foundation haschieved a wide range o environmental, socioeconomic, and
olicy successes. Its programs and operations are supported at theommunity level as indicated by the high level o ownership and
iteral) buy-in by local armers as well as the regional governmentnd cantonal levels. Critical to the oundations success and resonance
with the local population has been the simple yet essential act thatand acquisitions and purchases have never been orced or coercive.
Community participation then has been based entirely on perceived
enets and incentives, making or a strong oundation o trust andolidarity on which sustainable collective action becomes possible.
he ecotourism program is the economic engine or the oundation.
ased on ecotourism revenues, the oundation is able to und landurchases, ecotourism operating costs and salaries, reorestationctivities, and its educational work. While the ecotourism program
as a relatively high visitor rate o 1,700 visitors per year, theoundation aims to improve this by 25 percent.
REPLICATION
he Foundation or the Monte Alto Forest Reserve receivesonsistent requests rom neighboring communities and other
takeholders across Costa Rica to share their experience and bestractice. The oundation has been visited by six communities rom
ierent corners o Costa Rica, all with an interest in replicatingheir conservation and ecotourism model. Visiting groups are
provided with detailed inormation sessions on the unctioninthe oundation, oten conducted by leaders o the organizationaverage site visit lasts two days and ocuses on taking the experio the oundation successes and challenges and adapting t
such that they can useully be tailored and applied to the viscommunitys needs and context. During the visit, workshop
held which have oten ocused on the necessity o osteringactive participation and ownership o community members
local armers, while also building lasting relationships with dielevels o government.
PARTNERS
Tropica Verde: provides support in land acquisition, inrastruimprovements, reorestation, research, and undraising
educational activities. The Costa Rican Ministry o Agriculture and Livestock: prom
sustainable agriculture, especially livestock, creating m
arms. The Cantonal Agricultural Center o Hojancha: CACH wa
rst local armers association to be established in the cao Hojancha and have collaborated on commercial or
plantations The high school o Hojancha participates every year in plan
native trees to accelerate the recovery o the orest cover a
also a project donor. The Costa Rican Ministry o Environment, Energy
Telecommunications: provides two ull-time sta membersa vehicle or the operation.
Ecosystems and ecosystem services are essential for our lives and our health. These are rea
issues that should not be used as political instruments that only serve as election propaganda.
Miguel Mendez Garcia, Foundation for Monte Alto Forest Reserve
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Equator Initiative
Environment and Energy GroupUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)304 East 45th Street, 6th Floor
New York, NY 10017Tel: +1 646 781-4023www.equatorinitiative.org
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the UNs global development network, advocating or change onnecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better lie.
The Equator Initiative brings together the United Nations, governments, civil society, businesses and grassroots organizati
o recognize and advance local sustainable development solutions or people, nature and resilient communities.
2012 by Equator Initiative
All rights reserved
URTHER REFERENCE
Andreu, M. N.-L. 2008. Structure and characteristics o community-based rural tourism in Costa Rica. Anales de Geograa, vol. 28, n
167-188. http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/2004winners/Fundacion_Monte_Alto/aguc0808220167a.pd
Foundation or Monte Alto Forest Reserve websitehttp://www.montealtohojancha.com/
http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/2004winners/Fundacion_Monte_Alto/aguc0808220167a.pdfhttp://www.montealtohojancha.com/http://www.montealtohojancha.com/http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/2004winners/Fundacion_Monte_Alto/aguc0808220167a.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348261639.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348163843.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348151955.pdf