d e s i g n i n g i n n o v a t i v e s o l u t i o n s

HEAting, VEntilAtiOn & A iR COnDit iOning SOlutiOnS

CARRIER, COMMITTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY

Low global warming refrigerant for screw chillers and heat pumps

Customers look to Carrier to develop sustainable solutions for refrigerants, especially given climate change considerations. For decades, the industry relied on chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) chemicals as refrigerants due to their energy efficiency, safety and economic benefits. In the 1970s and 1980s, scientists began to observe that CFCs contributed to the depletion of the Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer that blocks harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. This led to an international accord to phase out ozone-depleting substances. Carrier did not wait for international mandates to move. Carrier introduced the first commercial and residential air conditioning systems using non-ozone-depleting refrigerants in 1994 and have since led the industry away from ozone-depleting substances.

The challenge of climate change

2018 2024 2030

-69%-37%-79%

the regulatory responseThe Kyoto Protocol of 1997 aimed to limit emissions of six greenhouse gases, among them fluorinated gases, or F-gases, including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are often used as refrigerants. F-gases do not damage the ozone layer. However, they play a role in the global warming of the planet. The European Union, which signed the Kyoto Protocol, committed 10 years later to the “20-20-20 target” and adopted a regulation to reduce F-gases emissions.

HFC consumption related to CO2 equivalent

the European union objectives

Carrier, always forward-thinking

the European F-gas Regulation 2014

The 2014 revision of the regulation introduced bans for certain equipment using HFCs and a phase down scheme for HFCs placed on the European market:

Equipment bans target refrigeration applications and very low capacity air to air conditioners (residential). There are no specific bans on liquid chillers and hot water heat pumps using R134a, R407C and R410A refrigerants.

the phase down is a step-by-step approach where the quantities of HFCs that are placed on the market are gradually reduced through the allocation of quotas by the European Commission to producers and importers of bulk HFCs and importers of HFCs contained in pre-charged equipment. As a result of the phase down, HFC consumption will be drastically reduced by 2030.

-20%

CO2 EMiSSiOnS

-20%

uSE OF pRiMARy EnERgy

20%SHARE OF

REnEwAblE EnERgy

First air conditioning system designed by

Willis Carrier

First commercial and residential air conditioning systems using a non-ozone

depleting refrigerant

Launch of the Global ChillerTM range, the first commercial screw machines

designed specifically for R134a

AquaSnap® with Puron, the first air-cooled chiller in its segment to use the new

refrigerant R410A

1902 1994 1996 2004

Carrier, meeting the challenge of regulatory changes

The challenge raised by the European Union’s F-gas regulation means the entire industry must move to a new generation of refrigerants, that will not only protect the ozone layer but also have a very low global warming impact. Carrier is facing this challenge head on.

Carrier, a history of innovationSince Willis Carrier designed the world’s first modern air conditioning system in 1902, Carrier has been setting the standard in environmental responsibility.

Today, Carrier continues to help international markets meet new non-ozone-depleting requirements, while focusing on the next chapter of refrigerant evolution to reduce the direct greenhouse gas effect. Many of today’s refrigerants are based on hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) chemicals because they do not deplete the ozone layer, and compared to CFCs, have reduced the greenhouse impact by as much as 80 percent. Nonetheless, HFCs remain a greenhouse gas and Carrier is committed to finding lower global-warming alternatives.

Carrier continuously invests in research and development. As it has done before, Carrier is committed to deploying products and technologies that minimize environmental impact while serving customer needs. This is equally true with refrigerants, where Carrier will have the right refrigerant solution for every application, while not every application may have the same refrigerant solution.

1 2 3 4Refrigerants assessment

Key components testing and qualification

System level testing and qualification

Detailed performance and cost analysis

Extensive run tests in Carrier’s laboratory for air and water-sourced screw units

Organism involved in the unit quality certification

Dedicated control algorithm to optimize machine operation

Identification of the best candidate to replace HFC-R134a for all screw units: HFO-R1234ze:

Limited impact on global warming GWP ~7* (close to natural substances: CO2 GWP=1)

Not affected by the F-gas 2014 phase down plan

Highly efficient: supporting low primary energy consumption

Association of components:

New refrigerant and associated lubricant

All chillers’ subsystems components, including Carrier’s proprietary technology: compressors and heat exchangers to ensure proper and reliable operation

Approximately 320 refrigerants evaluated on:

Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)

Global Warming Potential (GWP)

Toxicity

Flammability

Performances

Applied cost impact

Technology impact

MOntREAl pROtOCOl

HCFCs

High ODP and GWP ODP = 0 but high GWP ODP = 0, GWP low or very low

HFCs HFOs and HFC/HFO blends

KyOtO pROtOCOl

F-gAS 2006 F-gAS 2014

Carrier’s extensive research program

*Based on IPCC 4th assessment report.

The refrigerant charge and energy consumption are the two main contributors to the carbon footprint of chillers and heat pumps, a fact recognized by Carrier in its research & development investments well before the topic hit the headlines.

Carrier always committed to the lowest ecological footprint

High performance design

The impact of the machines on global warming is mainly due to the primary energy used for their operation.

Carrier designs products that achieve optimized energy performance throughout the year and limit the indirect release of CO2 associated with the consumption of electricity.

From the design stage, Carrier works on optimizing its manufacturing process to produce highly reliable products.

A limited number of welding joints avoids possible leaks at the source. All Carrier machines are tested in special booths to ensure they are leak-proof.

Minimized refrigerant charge

By 2006, Carrier became the first company to introduce the all-aluminium microchannel heat exchanger (MCHE) technology in the commercial air conditioning industry. Since 2011, a new generation of microchannel is available: novation® Microchannel.

- up to 50% refrigerant charge reduction vs. traditional Cu/Al (copper/aluminium) coils*

- Better thermal performance, better efficiency and lower air pressure drop vs. Cu/Al coils*

Carrier continues to work towards the reduction of refrigerant charge in its products and includes this as a key performance indicator for all new product development.

life cycle approach

Carrier products are extensively tested and maintained to a very high level, thanks to an extended service offering to ensure the best performance during the entire life cycle of the equipment.

An advanced monitoring service offer continuously collects information from equipments to anticipate and prevent loss of performance or any damage. This offer, available in three levels of service, enables users to track and monitor their HVAC system performance and to take preventive and corrective actions remotely, optimizing the lifetime of the equipment.

REFRIGERANT EFFICIEN

CY

*Testing by Carrier Laboratory.

Carbon footprint for a typical water-sourced screw chiller of approximatively 300 kW, with an hypothetical 1% leakage rate per year, considering 15 years life cycle.

Primary energy usage

Refrigerant

Others

First introduction in the market of all aluminium condenser coil with the AquaForce® range,

allowing a significant reduction in the refrigerant charge of the unit

Two Carrier factories earned the U.S. Green Building Council®’s LEED® rating for existing buildings: a first for

the HVAC & refrigeration industry worldwideSecond generation of microchannel coils:

Novation® Microchannel

2006 2009 2011

All the reliability, efficiency, adaptability of the AquaForce range

…combined with a new refrigerant: HFO-R1234ze

Air-cooled screw chillers water-sourced screw chillers and heat pumps

Carrier has been working over the past years on selecting the right refrigerant for the future and has now taken the lead in introducing the next generation of refrigerants on screw units. Carrier is now ready to offer a range of new customized solutions using a refrigerant with zero impact on the ozone layer and nearly zero global warming potential: HFO-R1234ze.

Carrier at the forefront of innovative technology

30XA and 30XAV platform Complete range: 400 to 900 kW With fixed and variable-speed compressors EER* up to 3,4 ESEER* up to 5,2

30XW, 30XW-V and 30XWHV platform Complete range: 450 to 1350 kW With fixed and variable-speed compressors EER* up to 5,5 ESEER* up to 8,0

HFC-R134a HFO-R1234zegwp

Global Warming Potential 1430 ~7**

ODpOzone Depletion Potential 0 0

toxicity Class A (non toxic) Class A*** (non toxic)

Flammability 1 not flammable

2L*** not flammable at room temperatures

Applications covering + ++ Larger operating envelope

Efficiency + ++

*Values in accordance with EN14511-3:2013. EER calculated for typical air conditioning application, 12/7°C - 30/35°C (30XW, 30XW-V and 30XWHV) and 12/7°C - 35°C (30XA and 30XAV). **Based on IPCC 4th assessment report.***Source: ASHRAE 34: Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants.

Introduction of the Greenspeed® intelligence to further reduce primary energy

consumption and indirect CO2 emissions Launch of air- and water-sourced screw

units with HFO refrigerant

new generation of Carrier’s products to come...2012 2015

D

ESIGNED

FOR HFO

Carrier a natural leader

www.carrier.comLow global warming refrigerant for screw chillers and heat pumps - English - January 2015. © Carrier 2015. All rights reserved. Carrier reserves the right to change certain information and specifications contained in this document at any time and without prior notice.Since standards, specifications and designs are subject to occasional change, please ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication.

Today’s machines consume 30% less energy than the machines developed 20 years ago, testimony to Carrier’s continuous research in improving energy efficiency. Introduced in 2010, the Carrier CO2NSERVATION Meter calculates avoided greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the installation of high-efficiency Carrier air conditioning, heating and refrigeration systems by customers around the world since 2000. In 2014, the Carrier CO2NSERVATION Meter reached 160 million metric tonnes of greenhouse gases saved, the equivalent of:

More than 33 000 000 vehicles removed from the road for one year*

22 000 000 home electricity use saved for one year*

* According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency Green Power Equivalency CalculatorSource: To illustrate the avoided greehouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with energy efficient products in use and to emphasize the impact of choosing more efficient products, UTC Building & Industrial Systems developed the Carrier CO2NSERVATION Meter. The model compares the projected GHG emissions from select Carrier products to emissions from comparable baseline products, with the difference representing the avoided emissions. The meter also incorporates energy savings as measured from energy service contracts. The model demonstrates the power of choosing high efficiency solutions.Learn more on http://naturalleader.com/

years of experience

More than

110

availability

24/7countries60

Present in more than

Carrier ServiceTo ensure an air conditioning system has minimum environmental impact, it must be run and maintained at optimum capability levels.

For Carrier, that means ensuring its products are environmentally responsible for their entire life on site and that’s why Carrier undertakes all refurbishment activities on machines that have already been installed.

To certify its customers’ peace of mind, the Carrier Service offering is tailored to their specific expectations and includes:

Comprehensive and efficient preventive maintenance programs

Advanced service offer based on secure connectivity, allowing real-time monitoring of equipment and transfer of information from Carrier experts

Continuous internal training

On-site inspection