Carrie McLachlan, Assessment & Healthy CommunitiesIsland County Public Health

Allison Johnston, Substance Abuse Prevention ProgramsIsland County Human Services

Comes from a variety of sources including national (e.g. Census) and state (DOH)

Mostly, youth data comes from the Healthy Youth Survey…

When we ask 1,949 of our youth ““how are things in their world?” how are things in their world?”

it is very important that we make an effort to hear what they are saying…

Since 2002, the Washington State Healthy Youth Survey has been administered every two years to grades 6, 8, 10, 12

Funded and developed by a coalition of state agencies: OSPI, DOH, DSHS, CTED, FPC, LCB

Washington state, county and school districts

256 Questions asked of: 515 (78%) of Grade 6 students 525 (78%) of Grade 8 students 504 (74%) of Grade 10 students 405 (53%) of Grade 12 students

20.8% of IC residents are < age 18 (down from 25% in 2000) compared to 18.5% over age 65

School enrollments are declining in IC (from 12,082 students in 1990 to 8303 in 2010)

Island County has 22,156 family households (84% husband/wife present); 8,932 have children under 18 living at home

27.3% of Island County households have individuals under age 18 living in the house (30.6% of IC households have adults > 65)

938 children are living in a household with a (non-parent) relative and 343 children are living in a non-relative household

Between 49-56% of youth are in families where someone has served in the military and 21-28% have family members who had been sent to Iraq, Afghanistan or other combat zones (WA state is 22-29% and 5.5-8.5% respectively)

Changing Family Structures

Median family income for HH with children in 2008-10: $65,345 (ACS)

Percentage of families with children under 18 living in poverty: 10.6% 27% of IC households have a female head of household and 41.2% of those household’s income is under the federal poverty level. This compares to 2.7% of households over age 65 falling under the FPL. Applications for free and reduced lunches have risen in Island County from 27% in 2006 to 36% in 2011.

IC current unemployment rate is 6.2% (Aug 2011)

WA Youth in 1971

White

Black

AI/AN

Asian

NH/PI

2 or more

Hispanic

IC Youth in 2010

White

Black

AI/AN

Asian

NH/PI

2 or more

Hispanic/Latino

Adult Ethnicity (WA-Census)

White

Black

AI/AN

Asian

NH/PI

2 or more

Hispanic

School Age Children and Youth (WA-OSPI)

WhiteBlackAI/ANAsianNH/PI2 or moreHispanic

Washington State DOH, OSPI, BOH

Thirteen health risk factors significantly associated with academic risk

The more health risks students have, the less likely they will succeed in school or graduate on time

Hungry Stressed Depressed Sick Tired Abused Using alcohol or

other drugs Being bullied

Health risk factor County WA State Severe asthma 6 9 2 or more soda pops a day 7 12 Depression 28 30 Alcohol use 24 28 Obesity 10 10 Marijuana use 14 20 Not eating breakfast 36 37 Insufficient fruits and vegetables – Fewer than 5 per day (2008 data)

74 75

Insufficient exercise – Less than 5 days per week for 60 minutes

45 49

3 or more hours of TV per day 29 25 Cigarette smoking 13 13 Feeling unsafe at school 13 15 Less than 8 hours of sleep per night 60 67

Access to Health Care (medical, dental)

Chronic Disease Rates (asthma, diabetes, disability)

Overweight/Obese; Physical Activity, Nutrition

Communicable Disease (Immunizations, STIs)

Access to Healthcare 59-64% of our youth have seen a

healthcare provider for a routine check-up in the past year

73-82% of youth have seen a dentist in the past two years

Chronic Disease Asthma rates range from 10.5-13.7%

Diabetes rates range from 1.2-3.5%

Between 10-15% of IC youth have disabilities (2008)

Sources: Dietz, NEJM 2004; Datar et al, Dietz 97; Davison et al: Peds 2001, Strauss et a: Peds 00; DiPietro, Dietz ’04, Sorof ’04, Dietz NEJM 2004

Shorter life expectancies

Academics Self esteem Lifelong health

effects Increased disease

rates: heart, kidney, diabetes

Lower education, lower incomes

Physical Activity and Weight

0%20%40%60%80%

Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12

A high percentage of youth are not eating regularly with their families (31%-49% in grades 8-12)

High percentages (32%-37%) of youth are not eating breakfast. Skipping breakfast put youth more at risk for eating poorly later in the day

Between 15-18% of youth report skipping meals or cutting meals due to lack of money

Soda pop consumption of 8th graders is higher than state

Less than 1 out of 3 youth eats enough fruits and vegetables a day (2008 data)

IC youth who report watching TV/DVDs/videos and playing video/computer games on school nights 3+ hours or more remains high in all grades (> 50%)

In the past, the ICCC identified exposure to video violence and excessive screen time as top issues of concern for IC youth.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Active Use Condom

8th

10th

12th

• STI rates are concerning, especially chlamydia and gonorrhea among 15-24 year olds

• Total number of Chlamydia cases reported in 2010: 201 • Total number of Chlamydia cases reported for 15-24 year olds in 2010:

136 • Percent of Chlamydia cases reported in 2010 that were 15-24 year olds:

67.66%

Tobacco Alcohol Other Drugs

Funding from the state Tobacco Prevention and Control Program has almost ceased despite showing positive results of about 50% reduction in smoking since 1990.

IC 12th grade and 10th grade cigarette use significantly decreased from 2008.

IC 8th grade cigarette use remained relatively constant, with 6th grade reporting a slight decrease.

Especially concerned about use of cigars and flavored tobacco products.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

IC-6-08

IC-6-10

WA-6-10

IC-8-08

IC-8-10

WA-8-10

IC-10-08

IC-10-10

WA-10-10

IC-12-08

IC-12-10

WA-12-10

Cigarettes Chewing Tobacco Cigars Fruit flavored

Alcohol continues to be the substance most used by youth, and there is an increase of about 10% between grade levels.

The good news: all grades report a decrease in use from 2008.

All grades are less than the state rate, but approximately 1 in 3 IC 12th grade students still report some alcohol use in the past 30 days.

*Use is indicated as any use in the past 30 days.

*Binge drinking is considered consumption of 5+ drinks in a row within past 2 weeks. The question about binge drinking was not asked in the 2006 survey.

The majority of youth get alcohol from friends, at a party, or gave someone money to buy it for them.

However, the primary way IC 8th graders report accessing alcohol is from their home with permission from their parents.

Marijuana is the most common illegal drug used among IC youth

*Reflects any reported use in the past 30 days

Significant decrease in reported lifetime use among 6th graders.

*Reflects lifetime use for 6th graders and any use in the past 30 days for 8th, 10th, 12th

Use of painkillers (Vicodin, Oxycontin, Percocet) to get high decreased in half among IC 12th grade students from 2008 to 2010.

Most students who use prescription drugs to get high indicate they use their own prescription.

Other common sources of prescription drugs include:

Friends Taking them from home or someone else’s home without

permission.

*Reflects any reported use in the past 30 days. This question was omitted from the 6th grade version.

Depression

Suicide

Feeling Supported

Some things that protect teens from trouble include: high self-esteem; absence of parent discord; good relationship with a parent; sense of control; family cohesion; good relationship with an adult

--Konopka Institute for Best Practices in Adolescent Health

Safe and Supported Youth

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Bul

lied

Car

ried

wea

pon

Phys

ical

Fig

ht

Gan

g M

embe

r Fe

el sa

fe a

t sch

ool

Phys

ical

abu

se b

...A

buse

boy

/gir

lfr...

Adu

lt su

ppor

t

6th grade 8th grade 10th grade 12th grade

Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2010 Island County (County No. 15)

5 6 85 7 7

0

20

40

60

80

100

Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12

Local State

5 6 85 7 7

0

20

40

60

80

100

Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12

Local State

% of IC youth who report carrying a weapon on school property in past 30 days

Bullying behavior tends to peak in middle school

Cyberbullying occurs when a child, preteen, or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed, or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive digital technologies, and/or cell phones. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59kniHIw4uY

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

6th 8th 10th 12thGrades, Source: Healthy Youth Survey

per

cen

t w

ith

beh

avio

r

IC 2002

IC 2004

IC 2006

IC 2008

IC 2010

WA 2010

Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2010 Island County (County No. 15)

6266

6363 62 64

0

20

40

60

80

100

Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12

Local State

6266

6363 62 64

0

20

40

60

80

100

Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 10 Grade 12

Local State

% of IC youth who report they have lots of chances for involvement in school activities

Second Step: a bullying prevention curriculum being implemented in Camano (elementary)

Strengthening Families: a program for parents and teens between the ages of 10-14

Youth report receiving information about dangers of ATOD in school

School mental health counselors meet many needs!

Island County Recovery Services has treatment available for youth

ICPH• Early Childhood: WIC, Home visiting

(limited)• Communicable Disease (limited)• Chronic Disease (limited, FRK, Physical

Activity Scholarships)

Reflect..your role as a Board of Health: What are the responsibilities of the BOH to children? Where are there gaps that could be addressed at a county level?

Linking policy to practice

Examples:• Children’s Commission: Crisis cards, partnered with Coup SD on Suicide

Prevention play, partnered with schools re: education about video game violence and reducing screen time; Caught in the Act, Children’s Heroes

• Youth Council—Oak Harbor• Mental Health Tax (This provides MUCH support to youth in schools)• ACHIEVE: Free Range Kids! Tobacco Free Park Areas in SW!• CHAB/ICPH have addressed STIs, immunizations, Chronic Disease, Physical

Activity

Carrie McLachlan, MPASupervisor, Assessment & Healthy Communitiescarriem@co.island.wa.us(360) 221-8486

Allison JohnsonCoordinator, Substance Abuse Prevention Programsa.johnston@co.island.wa.us(360) 678-7884