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CAREER OPTIONS
Chapter 13 Lecture 1
Education is about more than finding a job; it is about how you are going to
live your life.
Finding Work/Changing Jobs
Clarify your personal mission and values Emphasize your portfolio of skills Sell organizations not only on what they already do but on
what they need that you can do• Web development• Envisioning the future• Setting up employee volunteer programs• Managing cross-sector partnerships
If you can’t sell it to a company, then start your own
Clarify Personal Mission and Values
What are you good at? What do you love? Where do you want to be 20 years from
now? When your work life is done, what do you
want remembered?
Resources for Career Direction
Most university placement centers provide career assessments Career and personality tests online
• http://discoveryourpersonality.com • Such as Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Career Report—finds the 50 most
popular and 25 least popular careers for your type ($55) Campbell Interest and Skill Survey—how you compare with happily
employed people in various occupations• www.pearsonassessments.com/tests/ciss.htm ($17.95)
Books: What Color is your Parachute?—helps you create an image of your dream job ($17.95)
The Portfolio Career
People seek to acquire a variety of skills. They work in different parts of the organization or move to different organizations to acquire desired skills
–Charles Handy
Be entrepreneurial—seek opportunities to develop your skills
Talents In a Global Manager’s Portfolio
Technical skills, e.g., computer skills Communication skills, written and oral Interpersonal skills with a vast range of people Ability to learn continuously View of the big picture and the details Team skills Flexibility, willingness to adapt to changing needs Cross disciplinary boundaries Make decisions under uncertainty
THE FOLLOWING GUIDELINES ARE SIMILAR TO PRINCIPLES OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
1. Overarching principle: think of yourself as a business.2. Define your product or service. What is your area of expertise?3. Know your target market. To whom are you going to sell your skills/abilities?4. What is your "value proposition"—what are you offering that causes a buyer to use you?5. Drive for quality and customer satisfaction, even if the customer is someone else in your organization—like your boss.
6. Know your profession or field and what's going on there. Are you in an obsolete profession?
7. Invest in your own growth and development. What new products and services are you able to provide?8. Be willing to consider changing your business or starting a new one.
Sell Organizations on What They Need and on What They Don’t Know
They Need
Global Shifts Affect Work
Downsizing/reengineering/outsourcing Projects/portfolio workers Limited loyalty Virtuality Flex-work Hoteling 24 on-call Lack of privacy Isolation
They Alter Managerial Jobs
Managers• Receive broad goals from leaders• Have to be self-directed• Depend on others who are self-directed• Work in multiple teams and with diverse
groups of people
Job Titles We Now See
Chief…Officer Mentoring Director Business Etiquette Advisor Fitness Manager Business Concierge Catering Manager (for Internet food orders) Ombudsperson for Ethics or Diversity Y
Recognize Options/Propose
Opportunities Theme: businesses are looking at more
qualitative concerns while other sectors are more “business-like”
Accounting Options
Booking knowledge Social auditing Environmental accounting, auditing Waste accounting
Finance Options
“COUNTING” INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INVESTMENT COUNSELING ONLINE INVESTMENTS DISINTERMEDIATION OF ONLINE
FINANCIAL SERVICES LONG-LIFE INVESTING MERGERS/ACQUISITIONS
Economic Options
FACTORING IN QUALITATIVE VARIABLES LIKE QUALITY OF LIFE
COSTING STRESS AND OTHER SUBJECTS OF LAWSUITS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BEYOND TRADE, e.g., microenterprise, barter and swaps
International Business Options
Managing diversity cross-culturally Training for cultural empathy Relational skills development Multilingual networker for business
alliances
Management Options
Managing organizational learning, e.g. Chief Knowledge Manager
Managing conflict, stress, change Corporate public relations Reputation manager Managing corporate volunteerism Continuous improvements Quality management
Marketing Options
E-commerce Data mining Niche marketing Green retailing Demographic intensity
Computer Options
Computer forensics IT security Mobile security Advance to “chief security officer” in IT
Liberal Arts Options
Envisioning Writing Critical thinking Cross-sector partner manager Staffing strategist or futurist to track events
Interview Accuracy in Predicting Performance
Standard interviews—7% Resumé analysis—37% Work sample or pen and paper skills tests—
44% Assessment centers—44% Behavioral/situational interviews—54%
Interviews Break with Tradition: The Situational
Interview Usually this is a role play in which the applicant
demonstrates what she/he will do when faced with a “real” organizational challenge• In a banking setting, the interviewer might play the role
of an irate customer on the phone who is angry about money lost when trade wasn’t executed in a timely fashion; it is set up as an obvious error on the part of the banker
Interview Questions also Cross Boundaries
Microsoft questions from an interview:• Who do you consider the smartest person? Why?• What’s your weakest subject in school? Why?• Why did you learn many languages? (specific to this
individual and reading from the resumé)• At work, what makes you decide it’s time to go home?
Interview Questions also Cross Boundaries
Microsoft questions from an interview:• Who do you consider the smartest person? Why?• What’s your weakest subject in school? Why?• Why did you learn many languages? (specific to this
individual and reading from the resume)• At work, what makes you decide it’s time to go home?
Learn From Informational Interviews
You are seeking expert advice and information—15 minutes–1 hour• You’re not asking for a job, but you are trying to develop a network
Do your research; know about the company and don’t ask any questions you couldn’t have answered on your own
Be enthusiastic, interested and grateful for the time Dress business-like—match your choices to the company’s (look at
the annual report) When time is up, you be the one to note it Follow up with written thanks