CareerCareer Education Education Trends & Research Trends & Research

20072007Presented by:

Michael J. Cooney

Career Education Career Education Sector GrowthSector Growth

2% of Higher Education 1995

8% of Higher Education 2007

The College Board October 2007

AccessibilityAccessibility40% of college freshmen need remedial work40% of college freshmen need remedial work

AffordabilityAffordabilityIncreased need-based aid and simpler applicationsIncreased need-based aid and simpler applications

AccountabilityAccountabilityVoluntary reporting of cost, quality and outcomesVoluntary reporting of cost, quality and outcomes

AccreditationAccreditationWhat is the role, function and future of accreditationWhat is the role, function and future of accreditation

Articulation Articulation When and how should credits be transferred?When and how should credits be transferred?

EDUCATIONALEDUCATIONAL

OUTCOMESOUTCOMESMeasuring Student AchievementMeasuring Student Achievement

Accrediting AgenciesState Regulatory Agencies

College & University Affiliate Groups

What’s Happening What’s Happening in the Career College Sector?in the Career College Sector?

• End of hyper-growth in the sectorEnd of hyper-growth in the sector

• Lead cost growingLead cost growing

• Market expansion has peakedMarket expansion has peaked

• Tuition increases under scrutinyTuition increases under scrutiny

• Transparency for all of higher educationTransparency for all of higher education

• Non-profits and public institutions are gettingNon-profits and public institutions are getting better at marketingbetter at marketing

• Bricks and clicks, here come the big publicsBricks and clicks, here come the big publics

Sector Challenges:Sector Challenges:• High employmentHigh employment

• No new technologyNo new technology

• No new societal trendNo new societal trend

• New student behaviorsNew student behaviors

• Tuition growth beyond funding availableTuition growth beyond funding available

Massage Therapy ProgramsMassage Therapy Programs

THETHE

POPULATIONPOPULATIONNUMBERSNUMBERS

419,000,000419,000,000 Americans in 2050Americans in 2050

Census Bureau Projects Tripling ofCensus Bureau Projects Tripling of Hispanic and Asian Hispanic and Asian Populations in 50 Years Populations in 50 Years

Non-Hispanic Whites May Drop Non-Hispanic Whites May Drop to Half of Total Population to Half of Total Population

Immigration patterns have changed dramatically over the past Immigration patterns have changed dramatically over the past 100 years. New immigrants to the U.S. are quite diverse with 100 years. New immigrants to the U.S. are quite diverse with

respect to their country of originrespect to their country of origin..

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1820–1940 1951–60 1971–80 1991-96

Years

Proportions

AsiaCentral/SouthAmericaCanadaEuropeAustralia andNew ZealandAfrica

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Why Go To CollegeWhy Go To CollegeGreatest Changes:

To make more moneyTo make more money 49.9% in 1976

64.9% in 1985

69.0% in 2006

To prepare for graduate/To prepare for graduate/

professional schoolprofessional school 34.9% in 1971

57.7% in 2006

Higher EducationHigher Education System Failure:System Failure:

Education for the RichEducation for the Rich

Three-quarters of students at top colleges come from theTop socioeconomic quartile, with only one-tenth from thePoorer half and 3 percent from the bottom quartile.

The Century Foundation, 2004

Higher EducationHigher Education System Failure:System Failure:

Community Colleges: High Hopes & Harsh RealitiesHigh Hopes & Harsh Realities

The reality is that less than a third of students who hope to earn a credential from a community college or transfer to a four-year college or university actually do so.

Community College Week May 7, 2007

Trends That Are ImpactingTrends That Are Impacting Higher EducationHigher Education

Growing Gender GapGrowing Gender Gap

2002 – Women made up 57 percent of the nation’s 16.6 million students

Between 2002 and 2014:

Male enrollment is projected to increase 12 percent

Female enrollment is projected to increase 21 percent

Total enrollment is projected to increase 17 percent to total 19.5 million

Inside Higher Ed

9/12/05

First Generation CollegeFirst Generation College StudentsStudents

• Lower perceived level of family supportLower perceived level of family support

• Lower level of importance of collegeLower level of importance of college

• Less knowledge of college environmentLess knowledge of college environment & college values& college values

First Generation CollegeFirst Generation College StudentsStudents

College Culture ShockCollege Culture Shock “ “The Double Assignment”The Double Assignment” Conflict between core family values &Conflict between core family values &

College upwardly mobile valuesCollege upwardly mobile values

75% of student leave institutes because75% of student leave institutes because they do not feel socially integratedthey do not feel socially integrated..

Attitudes,Attitudes,Values, Values,

& Behaviors& BehaviorsAcquired in the process of higher education maybe more valuable than “book learning.”

Parental EncouragementParental Encouragement

Best predictor of Post-Secondary

AspirationsAspirationsFor all students

First generation students are more than twice as likely thanFirst generation students are more than twice as likely than non-first-generation students to leave four-year institutionsnon-first-generation students to leave four-year institutions before the second yearbefore the second year.

High School CurriculumHigh School Curriculum

Best predictor of Post-Secondary

SuccessSuccessFor all students

Persistence in college is directly related to the rigor of high school curriculum

High School GradesHigh School Grades

Better indicator of future college success than SAT scores

There is a high correlation between SAT scores and socioeconomic status

First Generation College Students

Postsecondary Access, Persistence, and Postsecondary Access, Persistence, and AttainmentAttainment

Over estimate the cost and selectivity of postsecondary education

Fail to fully utilize the financial aid available

Require more assistance in the enrollment process

Need small classes and one-to-one instruction

Succeed best when given short term goals

Require assistance in

Visualizing Success & Integrating ExperienceVisualizing Success & Integrating Experience

TheThe “Success” “Success” ExperienceExperience

Student Student

EngagementEngagement

is criticalis critical

The Gallup Poll

TheThe “Success”“Success” ExperienceExperience

Student Student

EngagementEngagement

is criticalis critical

More than More than 70%70% of the U.S. workforce are not engaged in their jobs. of the U.S. workforce are not engaged in their jobs.

Students can not be more engaged with the institution than the Students can not be more engaged with the institution than the faculty and staff.faculty and staff.

The Gallup Poll

TheThe “Success”“Success” ExperienceExperience

Student Student

EngagementEngagement

is criticalis critical

Creating a Creating a sense of belongingsense of belonging drives critical drives critical outcomes such as student engagement, outcomes such as student engagement, retention, learning outcomes, and graduation retention, learning outcomes, and graduation ratesrates

The Gallup Poll

Students Know…• It’s all about:

CultureCulture

StructureStructure

CaringCaring

The only real measure of career education is:

PositivePositive Student Student OutcomesOutcomes