Career Counseling

Review

Q.1

Who is considered the forerunner of career guidance?

The forerunner of career guidance?

• George Merrill = pioneer and forerunner

• Frank Parsons = “father” of career guidance and the counseling profession

Q. 2

• What is the ACA division that promotes individuals’ career development throughout the life span?

ACA division

NCDA: National Career Development Association

(previously APGA)

Q. 3

• What does the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 allow?

FMLA

• Allows employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave when they are unable to perform their job, need to care for a sick family member, or need to provide care to a child.

Q. 4 -Who developed computerized vocational systems such as CVIS, DISCOVER,

and VISIONS

• A. John Holland• B. Frank Parsons• C. John Krumboltz• D. Joanne Harris-Bowlsbey

Q.4. answer

• D. Joanne Harris-Bowlsbey

Q. 5

• ………………………………….refers to the significance an individual places on the role of career in relationship to other life roles.

• A. Career salience• B. Role spillover• C. Career adaptability• D. Career adjustment

Answer Q.5

• A. Career Salience

Q. 6

• Salary, benefits, job security are three examples of:

• Intrinsic work values or extrinsic work values

Answer Q. 6

•Extrinsic Work Values

Q. 7

• According to career trait and factor theory, self-understanding is derived from assessing:

• A. personality• B. ability• C. Values• D. All of the above

Answer Q. 7

• D. All of the above

Q. 8

• A. Satisfaction or B. Satisfactoriness refers to employer’s satisfaction with an

individual’s job performance

Answer Q. 8

• Satisfactoriness (TWA)

Q. 9

• According to Holland’s theory, the personality type IAS is most congruent with which of the following work environments?

• A. IRE• B. ECS• C. IAR• D. IES

Answer Q. 9 – C - IAR

Q. 10

• According to Myers-Briggs type theory, an individual who uses logic and analyses to make decisions uses which information-gathering style?

• A. Feeling• B. Sensing• C. Intuition• D. Thinking

Answer Q. 10

• D. Thinking

Q. 11

• 3 Key concepts of Super’s Life span, Life-Space Theory?

Q 11 -Super

• Self-Concept – changes and develops over time• Life Roles – child, student, leisurite, citizen, worker,

homemaker• Role Salience –the importance individuals assign to each

life role varies over a person’s lifetime. Three indicators of role salience: participation, commitment, values expectations

• Career maturity – readiness to make good career choices• Recycling- entering a stage you have been through

before.

Q. 12

• Case of Ann (read)• In what stage is Ann, according to Super’s

theory?• A. Growth• B. Establishment• C. Maintenance• D. Implementing

Answer Q. 12

• C. Maintenance

Q. 13

• Which example is an example of recycling, according to Super?

A. An employee is promoted to vice president of his company and has to learn new skills

B. An employee retires after 30 years of working in the health care industry

C. A recent college graduate enters the workforce and begins working in the education field

D. An employee loses her job in construction after 15 years and begins taking classes at the local college to pursue a career in architecture.

Answer Q13

• D.

Q14.

• Who is the theorist of PLANNED HAPPENSTANCE ?

Answer Q 14

• John Krumboltz

• Q14 a. Bonus question: his theory is an application of which theory?

Answer Q 14a

• Social Learning Theory

Q15

• Which theory emphasizes the role of behavior and cognitions in career decision making?

Answer 15

• Social learning theory

Q 16

• Which parental style encourages autonomy while providing love and support?

• A. Rejecting• B. Loving acceptance• C. Over protection• D. Casual acceptance

Answer Q. 16

• B. Loving acceptance

Q. 17

• Which of the following assessments is based on Holland’s hexagon model and is self-administered, self-scored, and self-interpreted?

• A. Self Directed Search• B. Vocational Preference Inventory• C. My Vocational Situation• D. Career Development Inventory

Answer Q. 17

• A. SDS

Q. 18

• This kind of inventory reveals what an individual finds enjoyable and motivating but do not necessarily correlate with ability or job success?

• A. Interest• B. Personality• C. Values• D. Career development

Answer Q. 18

• A. Interest

Q. 19

• What is the O.O.H.?

Answer Q. 19

• Occupational Outlook Handbook ( the most comprehensive source for information about jobs in the U.S.)

Q. 20

• What is the O*NET?

Answer Q 20

• Occupational Information Network (a tool for career exploration and job analysis. O*NET OnLine has detailed descriptions of the world of work for use by job seekers, workforce development

and HR professionals, students, researchers, and more)

• (its predecessor: Dictionary of Occupational Titles)• Occupational titles are organized using the Standard

Occupational Classification System (SOC) – six digit code to classify occupations into four levels

Q. 21

• What is the CAGS?

Answer Q. 21

• Computer-Assisted Career Guidance Systems• Includes: DISCOVER, SIGI PLUS, Choices,

Guidance information Service• O*NET is NOT a computer-assisted career

guidance system.

Q. 22

• Career assistance can include:• A. Mentoring• B. Career Coaching• C. Career Counseling• D. All of the above

Answer Q.22

•All of the above

Q. 23

• What does DOT stand for?

Answer Q. 23

• Dictionary of Occupational Titles

Q. 24 Career Assessment

• A broad process of systematically collecting career-related information using multiple methods.

• What are three common methods used in career assessment?

Answer Q. 24

• Interviewing• Formal testing• Self-assessment

Q. 25 Interest inventories

• Identify an individual’s work-related interests.• Often reveal what an individual finds

enjoyable and motivating, but not necessarily correlate with ability or job success. Interest inventories solicit an individual’s preferences and have no right or wrong answers.

• List 3 commonly used interest inventories

Q. 25 Answer

• Strong Interest Inventory (SII)• Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (CISS)• COPSystem• Self-Directed Search (SDS)• Transition-to-Work Inventory• Kuder Career Search (KCS)

Q. 26 Personality Inventories

• Identify an person’s unique characteristics and styles of relating to others, tasks, and situations. They are frequently administered in career counseling to facilitate the vocational decision-making process.

• List a few personality inventories

Answer Q. 27

• Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI)• Keirsey Temperament Sorter II (KTS-II)• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Q. 28 Values Inventories

• Assist individuals in identifying what they value in a career or specific job.

• They are usually designed to help individuals prioritize their work values.

• Can serve as a blueprint for the career decision-making process.

• List three

Answer Q. 28

• Work Values Inventory• Work Orientation and Values Survey (WOVS)• Career Orientation Placement and Evaluation

Survey (COPES)

Q. 29 Career Development Inventories

• Identify personal factors that may impede an individual’s career development process. Typically these inventories measure factors related to faulty career beliefs, anxiety, career maturity, and career barriers.

• List 7

Q. 29 Answer

• My Vocational Situation• Career Thoughts Inventory• Career Beliefs Inventory• Career Transitions Inventory• Career Development Inventory• Career Maturity Inventory-Revised• Career Decision Scale

Career Theories

• Trait factor theorists? • Parsons• Holland• Dawis, England & Loftquist - TWA

Career Theories

• Values based Career Counseling Theorist: Niles & Harris-Bowlsbey• Developmental Theorists: Donald Super – Theory of Vocational

Development Linda Gottfredson – Theory of Circumscription

and Compromise

Career Theories

• Learning and Cognitive Theories:• Krumboltz – Social Learning Theory and

Career Development; Planned Happenstance Theory

• Peterson, Sampson & Reardon -Cognitive Information Processing

• Lent, Brown, Hackett – Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT)

Career Theories

• Blustein – theories of embedded career • Contextualism – Savickas• Ecological perspective – Cook, Heppner &

O’Brien p. 67 • Sociological Theories – Blustein, Hotchkiss,

Borow• Psychodynamic- Adler, Erikson, Bordin,

Career Theories

• Humanistic• – Personal Construct Theory (PCT)—Kelly• • Holistic/Integrative• – Integrative Life Planning (ILP)- -Hansen

Ann Roe - Psychoanalytic

• The publication of The Psychology of Occupations would introduce Roe's theory of personality development and career choice, her most enduring scientific contribution. Roe's theory can be separated into two key areas: theoretical aspects of personality and classification of occupations. Inspired by Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Roe incorporated the psychological needs that develop out of parent-child interactions in her conceptualization of personality. Roe classified parent-child interaction patterns into three categories, each with two subcategories.

Roe’s Theory of Occupational Choice• • Early childhood experiences are related to career choices.• • Parent-child relationships.• – Emotional concentration• • Overprotective• • Overdemanding• – Avoidance• • Neglect• • Rejection--Emotional or physical• – Acceptance• • Loving• • Casual• • Likely to choose a work situation that reflects the

psychological climate of home grew up in.