Cardiac Massage in MicrogravityCardiac Massage in Microgravity

Thais Russomano* Thais Russomano*

João de C. Castro** João de C. Castro**

Simon Evetts***Simon Evetts***

Lisa Evetts*** Lisa Evetts***

John Ernsting***John Ernsting***

*Microgravity Lab/PUCRS, Brazil **Fundação Ruben Berta, Brazil *Microgravity Lab/PUCRS, Brazil **Fundação Ruben Berta, Brazil

******King’s College London, UK

ObjectivesObjectives

• To test the feasibility and practicability of To test the feasibility and practicability of performing CPR in microgravityperforming CPR in microgravity

• single personsingle person• no equipmentno equipment

• Access the victim Access the victim • Open the airway Open the airway • Perform mouth-to-mouth ventilationPerform mouth-to-mouth ventilation• Perform external cardiac massage Perform external cardiac massage (ECM)(ECM)

ECM - New TechniqueECM - New Technique

• The practitioner encircles the thorax of the The practitioner encircles the thorax of the victim with his legs in order to hold the victim with his legs in order to hold the patient close to him whilst compressing the patient close to him whilst compressing the patient’s chest between his hands and legspatient’s chest between his hands and legs

Cardiac Massage in SpaceCardiac Massage in Space

JSC/NASA - s 92 34279JSC/NASA - s 92 34279

Cardiac Massage in SpaceCardiac Massage in Space

JSC/NASA - s 92 34275JSC/NASA - s 92 34275

Cardiac Massage Cardiac Massage Preliminary StudyPreliminary Study

Cardiac Massage during Cardiac Massage during Parabolic FlightParabolic Flight

MethodMethod

• 2929thth ESA Parabolic Flight Campaign ESA Parabolic Flight Campaign

• 3 subjects3 subjects• CPR manikin - CPR manikin - Resusci Anne, Laerdal, UKResusci Anne, Laerdal, UK

• European Resuscitation Council European Resuscitation Council

– External Cardiac Massage:External Cardiac Massage:• Chest Compression = 40 - 50 mmChest Compression = 40 - 50 mm• Compression rate = 80 - 100 per minCompression rate = 80 - 100 per min

Cardiac Massage during Cardiac Massage during Parabolic FlightParabolic Flight

ResultsResults

• Number of parabolas = 93Number of parabolas = 93

• Number of chest compressions = 672Number of chest compressions = 672

Chest CompressionChest Compression Mean +/- SEMean +/- SE

– DepthDepth 36.1 +/- 1 mm 36.1 +/- 1 mm

– Rate 80.2 +/- 3.2 per minRate 80.2 +/- 3.2 per min

ConclusionConclusion

• Chest compression rate and depth were Chest compression rate and depth were close to those specified by the European close to those specified by the European Resuscitation CouncilResuscitation Council

• The new single person technique of ECM The new single person technique of ECM can be performed efficiently in can be performed efficiently in microgravitymicrogravity

Further StudiesFurther Studies

• To determine To determine – the maximum duration of ECMthe maximum duration of ECM– the feasibility of performing mouth-to-the feasibility of performing mouth-to-

mouth ventilationmouth ventilation– minimum leg length required minimum leg length required – upper limb strength requiredupper limb strength required

• Techniques to be usedTechniques to be used– Body suspension studiesBody suspension studies– Water immersion studiesWater immersion studies

Further StudiesFurther Studies

• Body suspension studiesBody suspension studies