CARBOHYDRATE NOTES

Carbohydrates

Compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratioExample: C6H12O6

Examples: Sugars & Starches

Functions in the body

Main source of energy

Building Blocks

Saccharide – the basic building block of carbohydratesExample: Sugars

Monosaccharide – single sugars; C6H12O6

Examples: Glucose (plants), Galactose (milk), Fructose (fruits)

Building Blocks, cont.

Disaccharides – double sugars; C12H22O11

Examples: Sucrose (table sugar), maltose (malt sugar), lactose (milk)

Polysaccharides – many saccharide unitsExamples: starches, glycogen

(animal starch), cellulose (plants)

Foods/Words that indicate Carbohydrates:

Sugars Words that end in –ose Grains (Oats, corn, rice, wheat) Breads Pasta Potato products Sugars (corn sweetener, syrups, honey, brown sugar) Starches (flour, corn starch, corn meal) Milk products Fruits Vegetables (beans, corn, etc.) Duram Semolina (flour)

Food Energy

1 gram of carbohydrates is 4 calories

Website Link

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13104