INSTITUTO POLITECNICO NACIONALESCUELA SUPERIOR DE INGENIERIA MECANICA YELECTRICAUNIDAD CULHUACANNOMBRES:RESENDIZ AGUILA JOSE LUISMONDRAGON FLORES VICTOR HUGOPEREZ GONZALEZ CECILIA LIZETMEDINA RUIZ JESUS JOVANNILOPEZ LIRA ARTUROTEMA: CAPITULO 13 COLAS DE PRIORIDAD Y MONTICULOSASIGNATURA:ESTRUCTURA DE DATOSPROFESOR:JUAN MANUEL HERNANDEZ ESPINOZAGRUPO: 3CX43CAPITULO 13 COLASDE PRIORIDADES Y MONTICULOSINTRODUCCINEn este !"#t$%& se est$'(!) "&*+en&*(,!'!+ente) %! est*$t$*! 'e '!t&s&%!s 'e "*(&*('!'es) est*$t$*! -$e se $t(%(,! "!*! "%!n(.!* t!*e!s en!"%(!(&nes (n/&*+0t(!s '&n'e %! "*(&*('!' 'e %! t!*e! se &**es"&n'e&n %! %!1e 'e &*'en!(2n3 L!s &%!s 'e "*(&*('!'es t!+4(5n se !"%(!nen %&s s(ste+!s 'e s(+$%!(2n '&n'e %&s s$es&s se 'e4en "*&es!* en&*'en *&n&%26(&3E% &+7n 'en&+(n!'&* 'e est!s !"%(!(&nes es -$e s(e+"*e sese%e(&n! e% e%e+ent& +#n(+& $n! 8 &t*! 1e, 9!st! -$e n& -$e'!n +0se%e+ent&s3 T*!'((&n!%+ente) se 9! 'es(6n!'&%! "*(&*('!' +0s !%t! &n $n! %!1e+en&*) !s# %&se%e+ent&s'e"*(&*('!':t(enen+0s"*(&*('!'-$e%&se%e+ent&s 'e "*(&*('!' 33Se $t(%(,!n est*$t$*!s %(ne!%es ;%(st!s en%!,!'!s) 1et&*es< "!*!(+"%e+ent!* %!s &%!s 'e "*(&*('!'es= t!+4(5n) $n! est*$t$*! 'e +$%t(&%!s3 E% +&nt#$%& 4(n!*(&) s(+"%e+ente +&nt#$%&) es %! est*$t$*! +0s!"*&"(!'! "!*! (+"%e+ent!* e.(ente+ente %!s &%!s 'e "*(&*('!'es3L! ('e! (nt$(t(1! 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"*(&*('!' +0?(+! en e%&*'en en -$e %%e6!n3 N&*+!%+ente) se (nse*t!n n$e1&s e%e+ent&s en %!est*$t$*! 'e '!t&s) ! %! 1e, -$e se "*&es!n &t*&s) &%&0n'&se en %!est*$t$*! 'e !$e*'& &n "*(&*('!') 8 'ent*& 'e %! +(s+! "*(&*('!' e%7%t(+&= est& %%e1! ! es"e(.!* %!s &"e*!(&nes se 'et!%%!n !&nt(n$!(2n3Tipo de dato P*&es& -$e t(ene !s&(!'& $n! "*(&*('!'3Operacione!C*e!*C&%!P*(&*('!' CCCIn((! %! est*$t$*! &n %!s "*(&*('!'es s(ne%e+ent&s3Inse*EnP*(&*('!'CCCA@!'e $n e%e+ent& ! %! &%! se67n "*(&*('!'3E%e+ent&M(nCCCDe1$e%1ee% e%e+ent&'e%!&%!&n%!"*(&*('!'+0s!%t!3D$(t!*M(nCCCDe1$e%1e 8 *et(*! e% e%e+ent& 'e %! &%! &n "*(&*('!' +0s!%t!3C&%!V!#!CCCC&+"*&4!* s( $n! 'ete*+(n!'! &%! n& t(ene e%e+ent&s3C&%!P*(&*('!'V!#!CCCC&+"*$e4! s( t&'!s %!s &%!s 'e %! est*$t$*! est0n1!#!s3I"ple"entacinUn! /&*+! s(+"%e 'e (+"%e+ent!* $n! &%! 'e "*(&*('!'es es $t(%(,!* $n!**!8 'e t!*e!s &*'en!'& 'e !$e*'& &n s$ "*(&*('!') 8 ! (6$!%'!' 'e"*(&*('!'es !@!'(* %! t!*e! %! 7%t(+! 'ent*& 'e %! +(s+! "*(&*('!'3 Ot*!(+"%e+ent!(2n "$e'e se* $s!* $n! %(st! en%!,!'! 8 &*'en!'! se67n %!"*(&*('!') &n%!+(s+!s!*!te*#st(!s-$ee% !**!8'et!*e!s3 Ot*!!%te*n!t(1!&ns(steene+"%e!*$n!**!8&t!4%!'et!nt&se%e+ent&s&+& "*(&*('!'es est5n "*e1(st!s en %! est*$t$*!= !'! e%e+ent& 'e %!t!4%! 6$!*'! ! %&s &4>et&s &n %! +(s+! "*(&*('!' en e% &*'en en -$e 1!n%%e6!n'&3 P&* 7%t(+&) se "$e'e $t(%(,!* %! est*$t$*! 'e% +&nt#$%& "!*!6$!*'!* %&s &+"&nentes3 L! !*!te*#st(! 'e% +&nt#$%& "e*+(te*e$"e*!*e% e%e+ent&'e+0?(+!"*(&*('!'&n$n! s(+"%e&"e*!(2n;!s& 'e +&nt#$%& +0?(+&et&3 L! %(st! se &*6!n(,! 'e t!% /&*+! -$e $n e%e+ent& ? "*ee'e ! 8 s(::3 P*(&*('!';?< es +!8&* -$e P*(&*('!';8e$(2n 'e %! &"e*!(2n es &nst!nte3ARRAY O TA)LA DE PRIORIDADESD$(,0 %! /&*+! +0s (nt$(t(1! 'e (+"%e+ent!* $n! C&%! 'e P*(&*('!'es es&n $n! t!4%! & !**! 'e %(st!s) !'! e%e+ent& 'e %! t!4%! se &*6!n(,! ! %!+!ne*! 'e $n! &%! ;"*(+e*& en ent*!* "*(+e*& en s!%(*< 8 *e"*esent! !%&s &4>et&s &n %! +(s+! "*(&*('!'3 Se +$est*! $n! t!4%! en %! -$e !'!e%e+ent& se &**es"&n'e &n $n! "*(&*('!' 8 'e %! -$e e+e*6e $n! &%!3L! &"e*!(2n in!erEnPrioridad !@!'e $n! n$e1! t!*e! T 'e "*(&*('!' +! %! est*$t$*!) s(6$(en'& est&s "!s&s::3 B$s!* %! "*(&*('!' + en %! t!4%!3F3 S( e?(ste) "&ne* e% e%e+ent& T !% .n!% 'e %! &%! +333 S( %! "*(&*('!' + est0 /$e*! 'e% *!n6& 'e "*(&*('!'es 6ene*!* $n e**&*3INSERTARL! &"e*!(2n -$e !@!'e $n! n$e1! T!*e!) & 4(en $n n$e1& e%e+ent&) !%! C&%! 'e P*(&*('!'es es Inse*EnP*(&*('!'3 L! T!*e! se (nse*t! en %! C&%!!%+!en!'! en CPG"*(&*('!'H s(en'& "*(&*('!' %! !s&(!'! %! -$e t(ene!s&(!'! %! T!*e!3 L! /$n(2n +(e+4*& (n/&*+!) !'e+0s) +e'(!nte $n!e?e"(2n 'e $n "&s(4%e e**&* en %! "*(&*('!' 'e %! t!*e!3ELEMENTO DE M*+IMA PRIORIDADL!s &"e*!(&nes E%e+ent&M(n 8 D$(t!*M(n nees(t!n 4$s!*) en "*(+e* %$6!*) e% e%e+ent& 'e +0?(+! "*(&*('!' $s!n'& %! /$n(2n +(e+4*& &$%t! En&nt*!*) -$e *et&*n! e% #n'(e 'e% !t*(4$t& !***!8 CP -$e &nt(ene %! C&%! &n +!8&* "*(&*('!') en !s& 'e -$e e?(st! 8 C: en &t*& !s&3 E% +5t&'& En&nt*!* 4$s! +e'(!nte $n !%6&*(t+& 1&*!, %! "*(+e*!"&s((2n 'e CP -$e &nt(ene $n! C&%! n& 1!#! 8! -$e e% &n1en(& est!4%e('& es A%! +0?(+! "*(&*('!' se &**es"&n'e &n E 8 %! +en&* &n N$+P*(&*('!'esB3COLA DE PRIORIDAD #AC(AE% +5t&'& EsV!(!C&%!P*(&*('!') 'e('e s( %! C&%! 'e P*(&*('!' est0 1!#! *e!%(,!n'& $n! %%!+!'! ! %! /$n(2n +(e+4*& &$%t! En&nt*!*) 'e('(en'& -$e est0 1!#! en e% !s& 'e -$e e% 1!%&* -$e *et&*ne es C:3MONTICULOSE% +&nt#$%& 4(n!*(&) & s(+"%e+ente +&nt#$%&) es $n! est*$t$*!!4st*!t!'e'!t&s-$e!%+!C en!%!(n/&*+!(2n'et!% /&*+!-$e"$e'en *e$"e*!*se en &*'en3P&* e%%&) se $t(%(,! "!*! (+"%e+ent!* est*$t$*!s 'e '!t&s en %!s -$e e%&*'en 'e% "*&es& es esen(!% &+&) "&* e>e+"%&) %!s &%!s 'e"*(&*('!'es=%&s+&nt#$%&sse!*!te*(,!n"&*%!&*6!n(,!(2n'e%&s'!t&sen$n!**!8 *e"*esent!nC '& $n 0*4&% 4(n!*(& &+"%et&L! ('e! (nt$(t(1! 'e +&nt#$%&F +#n(+& ;+0?(+&< es +$8 &n&('!: $n!!6*$"!(2n "(*!C +('!%'e e%e+ent&s en %! -$e "!*! $!%-$(e* n(1e% e%"es& 'e 5st&s es +en&* ;+!8&*< -$e %! 'e %&s e%e+ent&s !'>$nt&s 'e%n(1e% (n/e*(&* 8) "&* &ns(6$(ente) en %! "!*te +0s !%t! se en$enC t*! e%e%e+ent& +0s "e-$e@& ;+0s 6*!n'e&s3L! 'e.n((2n /&*+!% 'e %! est*$t$*! +&nt#$%& est0 *e%!(&n!'! &n %&s0*4&%es 4(n!*(&s3Montic-lo! deele"ento! entero!L&s +&nt#$%&s t(enen '&s "*&"(e'!'es /$n'!+ent!%es:%! "*&"(e'!' 'e &*6!n(,!*se &+& $n 0*4&% 4(n!*(& %! "*&"(e'!' 'e %! &*'en!(2n3L! "*(+e*!) !se6$*! &+"%e>('!'es en %!s &"e*!(&nes &n &t!s%&6!*#t+(!s) 8 !'e+0s $n! /0(% *e"*esent!(2n en $n! est*$t$*! t("&1et&* & !**!83 L! "*&"(e'!' 'e &*'en!(2n: %! %!1e 'e $!%-$(e* n&'&es (n/e*(&* & (6$!% ! %! 'e s$s 9(>&s ;s( t(ene 9(>&s! 4F !% 9$e&'e>!'& !nte*(&*+ente "&*II) 8 'e n$e1& s$4e F3 !%s(6$(ente n(1e% 'e% 0*4&%3 E%"*&C es& &nt(n7!) se&+"!*! FJ &n F3 8 !% se*+!8&* FJ 4!>! !% 9$e&3 Se9! !%!n,!'& %! *!#,) 'e%0*4&%) e% "*&es& te*+(n! &n F3 &+& n$e1! *!#, 'e% +&nt#$%&3 Recordando lo! pa!o!1COMO SE 2ACE3P*(+e*& se &'(.!n %&s +5t&'&s "*(1!'&s -$e 'e1$e%1en %!s "&s((&nes'e n&'& "!'*e) 9(>& (,-$(e*'& 8 9(>&'e*e9&:E% +5t&'&P&t!*;&s3 En&nse$en(!) e% e%e+ent& +!8&* s(e+"*e %&s "&'e+&s en&nt*!* en %!*!#,3L! &*'en!(2n "&* +&nt#$%&s $t(%(,! %! "*&"(e'!' 'e %! *!#, "!*! &*'en!* e% !**e6%&3 Un! 1e, -$e e% !**e6%& $+"%! %!s "*&"(e'!'es 'e% +&nt#$%&) -$(t!+&s %! *!#, 8 %! &%&!+&s !% .n!% 'e% !**e6%&3 C&n %&s '!t&s -$e s&4*!n) *e!+&s &t*& +&nt#$%& 8 *e"et(+&s 9!st! -$e t&'&s %&s '!t&s est5n &*'en!'&s3P*&6*!+!:S(n%$'e Q(&st*e!+TS'e.ne +!? :EE$s(n6 n!+es"!e st'= (nt +!(n;)(te+)te+")()U)n=&$tQQRIn6*es! %! !nt('!' 'e e%e+ent&s 'e% !**e6%&: R=(nTTn=/&*;(M:=(QMn=(VVHQ(te+H=(M>=>M>WF=OAG(HM(te+=Ote+"MAG:H=AG:HMAGUH=AGUHMte+"=O&$tQQRE% &*'en es:RQQen'%=/&*;(M:=(QMn=(VV