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What is cancer?• Cancer develops when cells in the body
begin to grow out of control.
Cancer
• Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion.
Cancer
• Because cancer cells continue to grow and divide, they are different from normal cells.
• Instead of dying, they outlive normal cells and continue to form new abnormal cells.
• The mass of cells is called a
. • The study of tumors is called
.
tumor
oncology
Cancer
• Cancer cells can travel to other parts of the body where they begin to grow and replace normal tissue.
• is when cancer cells get into the bloodstream or lymph system and spread to different parts of the body.
Metastasis
Cancer
• The name of a cancer is given by the location it starts.
• If a person has cancer in their lungs then it is called
• If that cancer spreads to another part of the body, it is still called lung cancer.
“lung cancer”.
Cancer
• Cancer cells develop because of damage to
• Usually, this damage is repaired. This is not the case with cancer cells.
• DNA regulates the cell cycle so when it is damaged, the cycle becomes
DNA
unstable.
Cancer
• Many times our DNA can be damaged by our environment or things we do to our bodies.
Smoking, radiation exposure, too much sun
Cancer
• We can also be genetically predisposed to a cancer if we inherit a certain gene from our parents
• have been genetically linked
• 5% of cancers
Breast, ovarian and colon cancer
Cancer
• Cancer usually forms a tumor.
• tumors are non-cancerous and they do not spread.
• tumors are cancerous and they do spread.
Benign
Malignant
Cancer
• Different types of cancer behave very differently.
• Lung cancer and breast cancer grow at different rates and respond to different treatments.
• Treatments vary from surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antiangiogenesis, hyperthermia, etc.
Types of Cancer
• develop in soft tissues like muscle, and in bone and cartilage
• develop in the blood cells
• develop in the lymphatic system
• develop in the bodies organs
• There are a few others that don’t fit any of these categories
Sarcomas
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Carcinomas
Statistics
• Cancer is the 2nd leading cause of death in the United States (
is #1).
• of all men and of all women in the U.S. will develop cancer in their lifetime.
heart disease
Half
one third
Statistics
• About of all cancers are diagnosed in persons 55 and older
• About new cases of cancer will be diagnosed this year (60,000 in Illinois).
• Add to that number, 1 million cases of skin cancer.
• About people will die each day of cancer in this country ( each yr.)
77%
1.5 million
1,500566,000