Canada and World War 1 Outcome GL4analyse the role played by WWI in shaping Canadas identity GL4analyse the role played by WWI in shaping Canadas identity identify and describe Canadas various military roles and contributions in WWI identify and describe Canadas various military roles and contributions in WWI analyse the impact of the war on Canadas evolution from colony to nation analyse the impact of the war on Canadas evolution from colony to nation explain how the war was a catalyst for societal change (e.g., changing roles for women, minorities, children, governments, and home front) explain how the war was a catalyst for societal change (e.g., changing roles for women, minorities, children, governments, and home front) analyse some of the controversial decisions involving Canadians (e.g., internments, 1917 election, racist policies, and conscription) analyse some of the controversial decisions involving Canadians (e.g., internments, 1917 election, racist policies, and conscription) Your mission: Complete the organizer while we review and discuss Why did Canada enter the War to End All Wars? When England declared war in August 1914 Canada was forced to enter When England declared war in August 1914 Canada was forced to enter Regular force of 3110 men unprepared for war Regular force of 3110 men unprepared for war Not questioned that Canada would help England Not questioned that Canada would help England December 1914 the first Canadian division of the Canadian Expeditionary Force landed in France (PPCLI) December 1914 the first Canadian division of the Canadian Expeditionary Force landed in France (PPCLI) Newfoundland soldiers remained British Expeditionary Force Newfoundland soldiers remained British Expeditionary Force French Canadians felt the war was not theirs but was a British and European affair French Canadians felt the war was not theirs but was a British and European affair Are you going? What you know in 1914 Summer of tension building knew Europe was beginning to feel tensions over land and economic conditions Summer of tension building knew Europe was beginning to feel tensions over land and economic conditions Germany painted as the aggressor Germany painted as the aggressor Germany, Austria (Austro-Hungarian Empire) Turkey (Ottoman Empire) & Bulgaria v. England, France & Russia Germany, Austria (Austro-Hungarian Empire) Turkey (Ottoman Empire) & Bulgaria v. England, France & Russia Know of Schliffen Plan (German plan to win a European war introduced after the Franco Prussian incident) Know of Schliffen Plan (German plan to win a European war introduced after the Franco Prussian incident) Know of Belgium being worried they are between France and Germany and are important in the plan Know of Belgium being worried they are between France and Germany and are important in the plan Know that unemployment is high and getting higher in Canada Know that unemployment is high and getting higher in Canada Are you going? What you see FYI Central Involved Allied Powers Marginal Involvement German Empire, August November 1918 Austro-Hungarian Empire, August November 1918 Ottoman Empire (Turkey) October October 1918 Bulgaria, October September 1918 Serbia, 28 July October 1915 (in exile - November 1918) Russian Empire, 1 August November 1917 France, 3 August November 1918 Belgium, 4 August November 1918 British Empire, 4 August November 1918 Includes Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and India Montenegro, 8 August January 1916 (in exile - November 1918) Japan, 23 August November 1917 Italy, 23 May November 1917 Portugal, 9 March November 1917 Romania, 27 August December 1917, November 1918) United States: 6 April November 1917 Brazil: 27 October November 1917 Greece (National Defence faction only), November July 1917 Serbia, 28 July October 1915 (in exile - November 1918) Russian Empire, 1 August November 1917 France, 3 August November 1918 Belgium, 4 August November 1918 British Empire, 4 August November 1918 Includes Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and India Montenegro, 8 August January 1916 (in exile - November 1918) Japan, 23 August November 1917 Italy, 23 May November 1917 Portugal, 9 March November 1917 Romania, 27 August December 1917, November 1918) United States: 6 April November 1917 Brazil: 27 October November 1917 Greece (National Defence faction only), November July 1917 Cuba, 8 April November 1917 Panama, 9 April November 1917 Siam, 22 July November 1917 Liberia, 4 August November 1917 China, 14 August November 1917 Guatemala: 25 April November 1917 Nicaragua: 7 May November 1917 Costa Rica: 25 May November 1917 Honduras: 19 July November 1917 Haiti: 25 July November 1917 Important Battles Remember your Organizer Remember your Organizer Vimy Vimy Somme Somme Passchendaele Passchendaele Ypres Ypres Vimy Ridge April 1917 Considered the defining battle for Canadians in the war Made Canada known and feared (The machine guns didnt bother the canucks. They just leaned into them like an ol gale and went for the hun.) Considered the defining battle for Canadians in the war Made Canada known and feared (The machine guns didnt bother the canucks. They just leaned into them like an ol gale and went for the hun.) Canadian force told to capture the ridge Canadian force told to capture the ridge Previous French efforts had failed 100,000 French dead or lost Previous French efforts had failed 100,000 French dead or lost Barrage enemy for over a week before the attack this was supposed to destroy enemy fortifications like wire and artillery pieces Barrage enemy for over a week before the attack this was supposed to destroy enemy fortifications like wire and artillery pieces Vimy Ridge April :30 am 9 April :30 am 9 April ,000 Canadian infantry overrun German machine guns and trenches 15,000 Canadian infantry overrun German machine guns and trenches 3,598 Canadians were killed and another 7,000 wounded 3,598 Canadians were killed and another 7,000 wounded Many stories of bravery come from the battle and made the battle one of the more important defining elements of Canadian character Many stories of bravery come from the battle and made the battle one of the more important defining elements of Canadian character After this battle the Germans were famous for saying - Anyone but the Canadians After this battle the Germans were famous for saying - Anyone but the Canadians Hill 152 was the highest point of the ridge and had the most Canadian causalities Hill 152 was the highest point of the ridge and had the most Canadian causalities Memorial opened in 1922 by surviving veterans and officially donated by the French to Canada Memorial opened in 1922 by surviving veterans and officially donated by the French to Canada The Somme 1916 Locked into Trench Warfare Locked into Trench Warfare Joint attacks planned for 1916 on the Eastern, Western and Italian fronts to break the stalemate Joint attacks planned for 1916 on the Eastern, Western and Italian fronts to break the stalemate The Somme chosen for joint French/British attack (British = Canada) The Somme chosen for joint French/British attack (British = Canada) German general jumped the gun and decided to attack whole point was to kill soldiers their side had more German general jumped the gun and decided to attack whole point was to kill soldiers their side had more February Germans began a 10 month barrage of British and French positions at Verdun February Germans began a 10 month barrage of British and French positions at Verdun The Somme 1916 When the battle was over Verdun was German and 680,000 were dead or missing When the battle was over Verdun was German and 680,000 were dead or missing British were begged by French to do something and a new attack plan had the British and her empire/commonwealth taking more heat British were begged by French to do something and a new attack plan had the British and her empire/commonwealth taking more heat July 1, 1916 November 18, 1916 July 1, 1916 November 18, 1916 The Somme 1916 The French and British agree to take different parts of the German line at Beaumont Hamel to take back the town The French and British agree to take different parts of the German line at Beaumont Hamel to take back the town Allied barrage failed the Germans hid underground Allied barrage failed the Germans hid underground Newfoundland Regiment killed and 477 wounded/missing in the first hour Newfoundland Regiment killed and 477 wounded/missing in the first hour 37,000 British killed or missing in the first day 37,000 British killed or missing in the first day Canadians entered the battle in September Canadians entered the battle in September Canadians captured village of Courcellette Canadians captured village of Courcellette Total gains 13km, Total loss 1.5 million combined dead and missing Total gains 13km, Total loss 1.5 million combined dead and missing The Somme 1916 First World War: Battle of the Somme - Digital Archives - CBC Player First World War: Battle of the Somme - Digital Archives - CBC Player First World War: Battle of the Somme - Digital Archives - CBC Player First World War: Battle of the Somme - Digital Archives - CBC Player Today in History Today in History Today in History Today in History July 1 Newfoundland Memorial Day July 1 Newfoundland Memorial Day Passchendaele Victoria Crosses for Canada Instrumental in the battle Instrumental in the battle Capture German occupied Belgium ports by capturing heavily fortified ridges surrounding the port access Capture German occupied Belgium ports by capturing heavily fortified ridges surrounding the port access Launched from the only allied controlled piece of Belgium Ypres Salient Launched from the only allied controlled piece of Belgium Ypres Salient Canadian Plan Step by Step attack smaller pieces of territory and slowly crush German lines Canadian Plan Step by Step attack smaller pieces of territory and slowly crush German lines Passchendaele 1917 Nothing remained of the salient it was attacked and pillaged concurrently through the war Nothing remained of the salient it was attacked and pillaged concurrently through the war October Canadians begin expanding transportation networks for the battle and realize the horrid conditions of Ypres after 3 years of war October Canadians begin expanding transportation networks for the battle and realize the horrid conditions of Ypres after 3 years of war November battle is over with no real ground gained by either side. November battle is over with no real ground gained by either side. Canadian victory with the least amount of casualities and more useable land including the highest points of hills and ridges, Germans still dug in the western salient and hillsides. Canadian victory with the least amount of casualities and more useable land including the highest points of hills and ridges, Germans still dug in the western salient and hillsides Canadian causalities 15,654 combined causalities 4028 Canadian causalities 15,654 combined causalities Passchendaele1917 Original WW1 Battle Footage Passchendaele 1917 Pont des Arts YouTube Original WW1 Battle Footage Passchendaele 1917 Pont des Arts YouTube Original WW1 Battle Footage Passchendaele 1917 Pont des Arts YouTube Original WW1 Battle Footage Passchendaele 1917 Pont des Arts YouTube Ypres Canadians moved from quiet part of the line to battle in 1915 Canadians moved from quiet part of the line to battle in 1915 Lee Enfield Rifles Canadian standard issues breaking, misfire when wet or dirty, not accurate Lee Enfield Rifles Canadian standard issues breaking, misfire when wet or dirty, not accurate Ypres Salient became the name given to the piece of land outside the city surrounded by hills Ypres Salient became the name given to the piece of land outside the city surrounded by hills April 22, 1915 Germans attempted to remove allied presence through the use of chlorine gas April 22, 1915 Germans attempted to remove allied presence through the use of chlorine gas Left a 4 mile gap in the line Left a 4 mile gap in the line Germans unprepared with men and equipment so they could not take advantage of the break Germans unprepared with men and equipment so they could not take advantage of the break Ypres Canadians filled in the gap overnight Canadians filled in the gap overnight Germans attack again in May 1915 this time ready to take advantage of breaks, the Canadians hold the line Germans attack again in May 1915 this time ready to take advantage of breaks, the Canadians hold the line In less than 48 hours 6035 causalities with 2000 dead or missing In less than 48 hours 6035 causalities with 2000 dead or missing Ypres Canadian divisions moved in rotation to the rear for rest after 2 nd battle of Ypres Canadian divisions moved in rotation to the rear for rest after 2 nd battle of Ypres Went on to the Somme and Vimy Went on to the Somme and Vimy Returned to Ypres in the battle of Passchendaele Returned to Ypres in the battle of Passchendaele Ypres CBC Digital Archives - The First World War: Canada Remembers - First World War: Gas! Gas! (Radio) CBC Digital Archives - The First World War: Canada Remembers - First World War: Gas! Gas! (Radio) CBC Digital Archives - The First World War: Canada Remembers - First World War: Gas! CBC Digital Archives - The First World War: Canada Remembers - First World War: Gas! World War One - After the Battles of Ypres in France - YouTube World War One - After the Battles of Ypres in France - YouTube World War One - After the Battles of Ypres in France - YouTube World War One - After the Battles of Ypres in France - YouTube Now do you go? Next Class Keep the Home Fires Burning - YouTube Keep the Home Fires Burning - YouTube Keep the Home Fires Burning - YouTube Keep the Home Fires Burning - YouTube Pack All Your Troubles (in your old kit bag) - YouTube Pack All Your Troubles (in your old kit bag) - YouTube Pack All Your Troubles (in your old kit bag) - YouTube Pack All Your Troubles (in your old kit bag) - YouTube Nothing happens in a bubble Nothing happens in a bubble People at home needed to Keep the Fires Burning and the soldiers needed to Pack All your Troubles- Why is that? People at home needed to Keep the Fires Burning and the soldiers needed to Pack All your Troubles- Why is that?