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Canada: A Changing
Society
1. The new culture of Canada
2. New Canada, new
government
3. The Cold War
4. Canada in a new world
Canada After WWII
Returning veterans helped by government
programs
Veterans and wave of immigrants leads to
increased demand for housing
Rise of suburbs (housing developments and
communities outside of city centres)
Suburban Values
Traditional family life
Stay-at-home mom, working dad, 2+ kids (nuclear family)
Increase in the birth-rate 1946-1961 (ie. “baby boom”)
Suburban Nuclear Family
Canada After WWII
Age of the Automobile
Cars needed by families in suburbs, commute to work
Small neighbourhood stores replaced by fewer large supermarkets and department stores, shopping malls
Poor safety: seat belts rare, drunk-driving common
Consumer Society
Rise in advertising, especially on television
Economy booming, Canadians have money to spend
New high-tech gadgets, appliances, toys, etc.
Conspicuous consumption
“keeping up with the Joneses”
Women After WWII
Women expected to give wartime jobs back to
returning veterans
Women encouraged to stay at home
Working women thought of as bad mothers
Some women couldn’t afford to stay home
Made to feel guilty by society
Paid less than men who did the same work
The Rise of Advertising
Advertising for women…
And the men?
The Home Life
Canada After WWII
Teen Culture and the Youth Movement
Before WWII, the average Canadian was out of
school by grade 8
Need to make money for family, needed to fight in wars
Baby boomers stay in school much longer, university
Economy booming, not needed as soldiers
A lot of free time, spending money from part-time jobs
Become target for businesses, advertising
Teens create their own culture
Fashion, slang, music, movies, etc.
Teen Culture
Protecting Canadian Culture Canadians, especially youths, increasingly
influenced by American culture after WWII
Movies, TV, music, celebrities, etc.
Adults and government increasingly concerned
Massey Commission (1949)
Purpose: investigate the state of Canadian culture
1951: reported that Canadian culture should be
protected from American influences
National Film Board (NFB) should be strengthened
Makes documentary films by Canadians and/or about Canada
Federal government should help fund the arts
Protecting Canadian Culture
Canada Council (1957)
funded by federal government
gives grants to artists and organizations to
strengthen Canadian culture
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
Broadcast on radio since 1936
Response to influence of American culture pre-WWII
1952: establishes television stations, broadcasts
Canadian content across country
Protecting Canadian
Culture
Protecting Canadian Culture
Canadian Radio-television and
Telecommunications Commission (CRTC)
Established in 1968
Regulates Canadian broadcasting (TV and radio)
Controls how much foreign programming can be
broadcast on television and radio in Canada
Requires certain amount of Canadian
programming on TV and radio
Canadian Content
Requirements:
Commercial Radio: 35% of music played has
to be Canadian, and 35% of music played
between 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. must be
Canadian
TV for broadcast stations (CBC, CTV): 60%
of yearly programming and 50% of primetime
(6:00 p.m. to midnight) must be Canadian
content