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Camera Shots and Angles. 180 o Rule . When two people are in a conversation, you must draw a line between the two actors and NEVER move the camera across this line Keeps perspective If you cross the line the actors flip position - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CAMERA SHOTS AND ANGLES
180O RULE When two people are in a
conversation, you must draw a line between the two actors and NEVER move the camera across this line
Keeps perspective If you cross the line the actors flip
position exception – when the camera is
filming as you move across the line so that the audience sees you cross the line
Example 1 Example2
RULE OF THIRDS Divides picture into
9 parts place points of
interest in the intersections or along the lines.
The image becomes more balanced
viewer interacts with it more naturally
BEFORE STORYBOARDNG A SHOT Think about three important factors The FRAMING or the LENGTH The ANGLE If there is any MOVEMENT involved
When describing camera positions (or shots), different terms are used to indicate the amount of subject matter contained
within a frame, how far away the camera is from the
subject the perspective of the viewer.
A change between two different shots is called a CUT.
ESTABLISHING SHOT An Extra Long (ELS)
or Extra Wide (EWS) shot that shows all of something: a building, a cityscape, countryside, house etc...
Answers the question of Where are we? Shows the world the story is in.
LONG SHOT (LS) WIDE SHOT (WS) Long shots help viewers
get a sense of place. Small establishing shot. shows the image as
approximately "life" size
Just about every TV scene starts with a long shot to establish the context of the scene
After the long shot, you mostly see close-ups.
MEDIUM SHOT (MS)
The medium shot, is generally defined as a waist-up shot of a person.
Help place a subject in context
necessary for people who gesture a lot.
2 problems they don't show as much
facial detail as a close-up introduce more of the
background which can be distracting to the.
MEDIUM SHOT CONT’D Variations
TWO SHOT (containing two figures from the waist up)
THREE SHOT (contains 3 figures...).
OVER THE SHOULDER SHOT
positions the camera behind one figure, revealing the other figure, and part of the first figure's back, head and shoulder.
Used during interviews and conversation
CLOSE-UP (CU) When you shoot people,
you want to capture their emotional state.
only way to do that is to get a shot of the person's face filling up a significant portion of the screen
a close-up leaves a little bit of room above the person's head and includes the entire face and shoulders down to the armpit.
Avoid profile shots if possible. - you need to see both eyes.
EXTREME CLOSE-UP (ECU) includes just a
person's facial features (eyes, nose, mouth and chin); the top of the head and shoulders are excluded.
Also used to emphasize items within a scene
HIGH ANGLE SHOT High Angle Shots Named because
the camera is high. Shooting down on
people gives the impression that they are submissive.
not appropriate for general shooting.
LOW ANGLE SHOT Shooting up at
someone makes them seem powerful and dominant.
Makes objects seem larger than they are.
POINT OF VIEW SHOT (POV) Intended to
show the audience what one of the characters is seeing, i.e. from the character's point of view
DUTCH ANGLE Is achieved by tilting
the camera off to the side so that the shot is composed with the horizon at an angle to the bottom of the frame
often used to portray the psychological uneasiness or tension in the subject being filmed
HEAD ROOM & LOOKING ROOM Headroom is the term given to the space
above the subject's head. Too much headroom makes your shot look
off-balance - and too little cuts of the subjects head.
Looking room is the space on the side the subject is looking toward.
The looking room rule is this: There should always be a little more room
on the side the subject is looking toward.
Eliminating looking room makes the subject seems crowded in the frame.
LEAD ROOM Adjust the shot
to offer a bit more room in the direction of the anticipated movement; and a bit less behind.
CAMERA MOVEMENT Panning
Camera stays in 1 location though it revolves on 1 axis, side to side
Follows action as it rotates on horizontal plane
Tilting Camera stays in 1 location
though it revolves on 1 axis, up and down
Follows action as it rotates on vertical plain
example
CAMERA MOVEMENT CONT’D Zoom
Changes focal length - stationary camera appears to move
Use sparingly
Vertigo Zoom is synchronized
with movement of subject
Subject stays same size
Background zooms
Example 1
Example 2
CAMERA MOVEMENT CONT’D Dolly Shot
(uses a wheeled vehicle)
Action is parallel to the camera
Is a move toward or away from action
Tracking Shot Action is
perpendicular to camera
Camera moves with action
Example 1
Example 2
CAMERA MOVEMENT CONT’D Crane & Boom
This is when the camera moves up or down, as if it were on a physical crane.
The same considerations for panning and tilting apply for crane shots.
Crane shot Crane and boom
shots
A VIDEO REVIEW OF SHOTS Part 1
Part 2