Upload
meet-bapun
View
18
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Call Flow
Citation preview
Example Network Diagram
Call Flow - Mobile to Mobile Call
MS A BTS1 BSC1 MSC/VLR1
Air Interface/LAPDm Abis Interface/LAPD A Interface
First Step: RR CONNECTION ESTABLISHEMENT
rr_t3120 start RR CHANNEL REQUEST
RACH
CHAN RQD
Subscriber A types Subscriber B's MSISDN number and presses "send button" on his mobile. RR Connection Establishment begins and the called number digits needs to be transported from Mobile A to MSC. For this first
phase, Radio Resource (RR) connection is established to MSC
RR connection establishment is triggered by sending the RR CHANNEL REQUEST message. This message requests BSS for allocation for radio resources for the RR Connection setup. The mobile now waits for an
Assignment on Access Grant Channel (AGCH). At this point the mobile is listening to AGCH for a reply. RR CHANNEL REQUEST is sent on RACH and slotted aloha channel that can be used at random without any co
ordination between the mobiles, any mobile can transmit on this channel whenever it wishes. If two mobiles transmit on the channel at the same time, thier messages will be lost ina collision. The mobile will detect the collision via a
timeout and retransmit the messa after a random back off
Channel Activate
Channel Act Ack
IMM ASS CMD
RR IMM ASSIGNMENT rr_t3101 startrr_t3120 stop AGCH
(SDCCH Freq, TS,Freq and Time)
rr_t3101 stopSDCCH, SAPI=0
CHANnel ReQuireD procedure may occur on the Abis interface at any time, on an asynchronous basis. The procedure is initiated by the TRX carrying the so called CCCH channel, upon detection of a random access from an
MS. The TRX then sends a CHANnel ReQuireD message to BSC containing the Request Reference Parameter (random number selected by MS plus some low order bits of the TDMA frame number for the access) and teh access
delay
The IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND procedure may occur at any time, in an asynchronous basis, to initiate the immediate assignment, the BSC sends an IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND message, including an RR Immediate
Assign message. The BSC will transmit this message on the AGCH channel which is mapped on the same tmeslot as the received Channel Required message. Upon receipt of this message the BTS transmits the immediate assignment
as received. This procedure can also be used to return an Immediate Assign Reject message to MS
The BSS shall allocate a SDCCH to the mobile. The SDCCH allocation assigns a specific frequency and a timeslot on that frequency. After the mobile receives this messa, the mobile shall only use the specified resourcs for
communicaion with the mobile network. BTS transmits the radio resource assignment to the mobile via the AGCH channel. The message also conatins the time and frequency corrections. The time corrections allow the mobile to
time it's transmisions so that they reach the BSS only in the specified timeslot. The frequency corrections correct for the doppler shift caused by the mobile's motion. After adjusting frequency and timing, the mobile detunes from AGCH
and tunes to the specified radio channel. BTS starts "rr_t3101" RR timer waiting replay from MS
RR SABM+MM CM SERVICE REQUEST
This is the first message that is sent after tuning to the channel. The Mobile initiates a LAPDm connection with the BSS by sending a Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode (SABM) message. SABM used to set up a logical channel SDCCH in acknowledged Multi Frame Mode. The service request message meant for the MS is also sent in this
messge. On receipt of this message BTS will stop rr_t3101 timer
RR UASDCCH, SAPI=0
MS Power ControlSACCH
sccp_tconn est startSS7
sccp_tconn est stopCONNECTION CONFIRM (CC)
SS7
DTAP, AUT REQSS7
LAP D
SDCCH
SDCCH
dtap, aut respLAP D
DTAP, AUT RESPSS7
ID Request (Type:IMEI)SS7
ID Request (Type:IMEI)LAPD
The BSS replies with Unnumbered Acknowledge (UA) to complete the LAPDm setup handshake. UA acknowledges SABM
SCCP CONNECTION REQUEST +
BSSMAP COMPLETE LAYER
3 INFORMATION
dtap, I(aut req) N(S)=0;N(R)=0
Data REQ, I(AUT REQ) N(S)=0;N(R)=0
Send I frame containing the L3 info authentication request
DATA IND, I(AUT RESP) N(S)=0;N(R)=1
ID Request (Type:IMEI)SDCCH
ID Response IMEI)
ID Response IMEI)
ID Response IMEI)
CLASSMARK REQ
REQ CLASSMARK
CLASSMARK ENQ
CLASSMARK SEND
UPDATE CLASSMARK
CLASSMARK UPDATE
SS7
cipher reqLAP D
SDCCH
SDCCH
BSSMAP, CIPH MODE CMD
Since the subscriber has been successfully authenticated, the MSC initates ciphering of the data being sent on the channel. The channel is ciphered so as to protect the call from evesdropping. Ciphering on the radio link is enabled in
three steps. As a first step, the BSS starts expecting ciphered data from the mobile but continues to send data in CLEAR, since the mobile has not been informed about the ciphering, all data received from the mobile will be in error.
ENCRYPT CMD, CIPHERING MODE CMD,Mode=Clear
The BSS sends the CIPHERING MODE COMMAND to the Mobile. The mobile will be able to reeive this message as the transmission from the BSS is still in CLEAR. As a second step, the Mobile receives the message and enables
ciphering in transmit and receive directions. This action will result in all BSS data being received in error The BSS is still transmitting data in CLEAR
CIPHERING MODE COMPLETE, Mode=Ciphered
ciper sucLAPD
SS7
BSS replies back to the MSC, including that ciphering has been successfully enabled
DTAP: TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND
DTAP: TMSI REALLOCATIOM COMPLETE
SECOND STEP: CALL SETUP
DATA REQ, SET UPSDCCH
dtap, setupLAP D
DTAP SETUP
Ciphering has already been enabled, so this message is transmitted with ciphering. The BSS will receive this message as it is already expecting ciphred data in the receive direction. The third and final step in the ciphering handshake. The BSS enables the ciphreing in transmit direction. From this point on ciphering is enabled in both
directions.
BSSMAP, CIPH CMPLT
VLR1 generates a new TMSI and forwards to MSC1 for this MS. MS stores TMSI in its non-volatile store
MSC informs VLR that TMSI reallocaation was succesful. VLR associates the TMSI with IMSI and old TMSI is deallocated if it is allocated by it previously
RR Connection Establishemnt completed - At this point a connection has been setup between the mobile and the MSC. From this point onward, the BSS is just acting as a conduit for transporting the signalling
messages between the mobile and the MSC
The mobile sends the setup message to establish a Voice Call. The message contains the dialled digits and other information needed for call establishement
DTAP, CALL PROC
DT1, dtap, call proc
DATA REQ, CALL PROC
BSSMAP_T11 starts
Physical Context Req
Physical Context Conf
Channel Activation
Chnal Act ACK
Initiate Assignment
Assignment CommandSDCCH
SABMFACCH
UAFACCH
Assignment CompleteFACCH
The mobile is informed that the call setup is in progress. At this point the mobile phone displays a meesage "Connecting….." on the screen to indicate that call setup is being attempted.
BSSMAP: Assignment Request
The MSC Allocates a voice circuit on one of the digital trunks between the MSC and the BSS. MSC informs the BSS about the allocated voice channel.
The call is also switched from signalling circuit to voice circuit.
BSSMAP_T10(T3107)starts
BSSMAP_T10(T3107)stops
Assignment Successful
BSSMAP_T11 StopsAssignment Complete
SD RF Chanl Release
SD RF Chanl Rel Ack
MSC1 Checks the class of service from VLR1 database. MSC1 sends VLR1 the message "Send Info O/G Call". VLR1 verifies its database and if MSA is eligible for making O/G call,
VLR1 reples MSC1 with the message "Complete Call". If MSA is not eligible for making O/G call announcement will be fed to MSA. It will be transmitted to MSA by FACCH. If MSC1 receives
"Complete Call" message from VLR1. MSC1 analyzes the dialled digits using GT analysis defined in GT analyses with NP=1 and routes it to GMSC
Since MSISDN-B is a mobile subscriber, MSC/VLR1 has to go for HLR Enquire for subscriber B. There is no direct connection between MSC1 and HLR. MSC/VLR1 will send Send Routing Information to GMSC. It
refers to GT analysis with NP=1
Alerting
Connect
Connect Ack
s/w s/w
Conversation
END Button
CC Disconnect
CC Release
CLEARBSSMAP
RR Channel Release
RR Channel ReleaseCLEAR
BSSMAP
RR DISC
RR UA
Release indication
Example Network Diagram
Call Flow - Mobile to Mobile Call
MSC/VLR1 GMSC HLR 1 HLR 2
MAP - E Interface MAP-D Interface
First Step: RR CONNECTION ESTABLISHEMENT
Subscriber A types Subscriber B's MSISDN number and presses "send button" on his mobile. RR Connection Establishment begins and the called number digits needs to be transported from Mobile A to MSC. For this first
phase, Radio Resource (RR) connection is established to MSC
RR connection establishment is triggered by sending the RR CHANNEL REQUEST message. This message requests BSS for allocation for radio resources for the RR Connection setup. The mobile now waits for an
Assignment on Access Grant Channel (AGCH). At this point the mobile is listening to AGCH for a reply. RR CHANNEL REQUEST is sent on RACH and slotted aloha channel that can be used at random without any co
ordination between the mobiles, any mobile can transmit on this channel whenever it wishes. If two mobiles transmit on the channel at the same time, thier messages will be lost ina collision. The mobile will detect the collision via a
timeout and retransmit the messa after a random back off
CHANnel ReQuireD procedure may occur on the Abis interface at any time, on an asynchronous basis. The procedure is initiated by the TRX carrying the so called CCCH channel, upon detection of a random access from an
MS. The TRX then sends a CHANnel ReQuireD message to BSC containing the Request Reference Parameter (random number selected by MS plus some low order bits of the TDMA frame number for the access) and teh access
The IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND procedure may occur at any time, in an asynchronous basis, to initiate the immediate assignment, the BSC sends an IMMEDIATE ASSIGN COMMAND message, including an RR Immediate
Assign message. The BSC will transmit this message on the AGCH channel which is mapped on the same tmeslot as the received Channel Required message. Upon receipt of this message the BTS transmits the immediate assignment
as received. This procedure can also be used to return an Immediate Assign Reject message to MS
The BSS shall allocate a SDCCH to the mobile. The SDCCH allocation assigns a specific frequency and a timeslot on that frequency. After the mobile receives this messa, the mobile shall only use the specified resourcs for
communicaion with the mobile network. BTS transmits the radio resource assignment to the mobile via the AGCH channel. The message also conatins the time and frequency corrections. The time corrections allow the mobile to
time it's transmisions so that they reach the BSS only in the specified timeslot. The frequency corrections correct for the doppler shift caused by the mobile's motion. After adjusting frequency and timing, the mobile detunes from AGCH
and tunes to the specified radio channel. BTS starts "rr_t3101" RR timer waiting replay from MS
This is the first message that is sent after tuning to the channel. The Mobile initiates a LAPDm connection with the BSS by sending a Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode (SABM) message. SABM used to set up a logical channel SDCCH in acknowledged Multi Frame Mode. The service request message meant for the MS is also sent in this
messge. On receipt of this message BTS will stop rr_t3101 timer
The BSS replies with Unnumbered Acknowledge (UA) to complete the LAPDm setup handshake. UA acknowledges
Since the subscriber has been successfully authenticated, the MSC initates ciphering of the data being sent on the channel. The channel is ciphered so as to protect the call from evesdropping. Ciphering on the radio link is enabled in
three steps. As a first step, the BSS starts expecting ciphered data from the mobile but continues to send data in CLEAR, since the mobile has not been informed about the ciphering, all data received from the mobile will be in error.
The BSS sends the CIPHERING MODE COMMAND to the Mobile. The mobile will be able to reeive this message as the transmission from the BSS is still in CLEAR. As a second step, the Mobile receives the message and enables
ciphering in transmit and receive directions. This action will result in all BSS data being received in error The BSS is
BSS replies back to the MSC, including that ciphering has been successfully enabled
SECOND STEP: CALL SETUP
Ciphering has already been enabled, so this message is transmitted with ciphering. The BSS will receive this message as it is already expecting ciphred data in the receive direction. The third and final step in the ciphering handshake. The BSS enables the ciphreing in transmit direction. From this point on ciphering is enabled in both
VLR1 generates a new TMSI and forwards to MSC1 for this MS. MS stores TMSI in its non-volatile store
MSC informs VLR that TMSI reallocaation was succesful. VLR associates the TMSI with IMSI and old TMSI is deallocated if it is allocated by it previously
RR Connection Establishemnt completed - At this point a connection has been setup between the mobile and the MSC. From this point onward, the BSS is just acting as a conduit for transporting the signalling
messages between the mobile and the MSC
The mobile sends the setup message to establish a Voice Call. The message contains the dialled digits and other information needed for call establishement
At this point the mobile phone displays a meesage "Connecting….." on the screen to indicate that call setup is being attempted.
The MSC Allocates a voice circuit on one of the digital trunks between the MSC and the BSS. MSC informs the BSS about the allocated voice channel.
The call is also switched from signalling circuit to voice circuit.
SRI (MSISDN-B)ISUP
TC-INV[Send_Routing_Info (MSISDN-B)]MAP/C
TC-BEGINSCCP
TC-INV[Provide Routing Number (MSRN) {PRN(IMSI)}]
TC-BEGIN
MSC1 Checks the class of service from VLR1 database. MSC1 sends VLR1 the message "Send Info O/G Call". VLR1 verifies its database and if MSA is eligible for making O/G call,
VLR1 reples MSC1 with the message "Complete Call". If MSA is not eligible for making O/G call announcement will be fed to MSA. It will be transmitted to MSA by FACCH. If MSC1 receives
"Complete Call" message from VLR1. MSC1 analyzes the dialled digits using GT analysis defined in GT analyses with NP=1 and routes it to GMSC
Since MSISDN-B is a mobile subscriber, MSC/VLR1 has to go for HLR Enquire for subscriber B. There is no direct connection between MSC1 and HLR. MSC/VLR1 will send Send Routing Information to GMSC. It
refers to GT analysis with NP=1
The GMSC refers to GT analysis for NP=1, TON = NAT or INT, depends on MSISDN format received by GMSC. GT analsis in GMSC refers to HLR2. GMSC requests routing information for the GSM subscriber
from HLR2.
HLR2 uses MSISDN-B and finds out IMSI and the SS7 address of MSC/VLR which is serving MS-B at that moment. SS7 address of the serving MSC/VLR was obtained by HLR during LU of MS-B. In this case, MS-B is present in
MSC/VLR2 area. HLR 2 sends Provide Routing Number message (PRN) to MSC/VLR2. HLR 2 sends IMSI number of MS-B to VLR2 as data
TC-RES [Provide_MSRN_Ack] TC-ENDSCCP[MAP/D]
MSC/VLR2 allocates a temporary roaming number (MSRN). The MSRN is then passed to the HLR
SCCP[MAP/C]
SRI_ACKTCAP/SCCP
IAM (MSRN)
Send Info I/C call [IAM(MSRN)]ISUP
SAM (mor digits if any will be sent)
HLR2 uses MSISDN-B and finds out IMSI and the SS7 address of MSC/VLR which is serving MS-B at that moment. SS7 address of the serving MSC/VLR was obtained by HLR during LU of MS-B. In this case, MS-B is present in
MSC/VLR2 area. HLR 2 sends Provide Routing Number message (PRN) to MSC/VLR2. HLR 2 sends IMSI number of MS-B to VLR2 as data
TC-RES [Send_Routing_Info_Ack(MSRN)] TC-END
HLR 2 Passes MSRN to GMSC
GMSC uses MSRN and refers to digit analysis and finds out the route to MSC/VLR 2. GMSC 2 GMSC 2 sends MSRN as the reference number for the call to establish and sends ISUP messae IAM to MSC/VLR2. MSC/VLR2 receives the call. At this point, the MSRN is marked free and may be reassigned for
other calls.
MSC/VLR2 needs to locate the subscriber in the loction area (which BTS?), since location area might span several cells, paging mechanism is used to locate the subscriber. The MSC/VLR2 uses TMSI of MS-B which is allocated to MS-B earlier to address MS-B.
Note that, MSC/VLR2 will send PAGING messge to all BSCs that handle location area
ISUP ACM
ISUP ACM
ISUP ANM
ISUP ANM
Charging Starts
s/w s/w
Conversation
RELISUP
ISUP REL
MSC/VLR2 BSC1
TC-INV[Provide Routing Number (MSRN) {PRN(IMSI)}]MAP/D
TC-BEGINSCCP
The GMSC refers to GT analysis for NP=1, TON = NAT or INT, depends on MSISDN format received by GMSC. GT analsis in GMSC refers to HLR2. GMSC requests routing information for the GSM subscriber
from HLR2.
HLR2 uses MSISDN-B and finds out IMSI and the SS7 address of MSC/VLR which is serving MS-B at that moment. SS7 address of the serving MSC/VLR was obtained by HLR during LU of MS-B. In this case, MS-B is present in
MSC/VLR2 area. HLR 2 sends Provide Routing Number message (PRN) to MSC/VLR2. HLR 2 sends IMSI number of MS-B to VLR2 as data
TC-RES [Provide_MSRN_Ack] TC-ENDSCCP[MAP/D]
MSC/VLR2 allocates a temporary roaming number (MSRN). The MSRN is then passed to the HLR
Check Subscriber B Class of serviceBSSMAP Page (UDT)
SCCP-CL
LAPD
HLR2 uses MSISDN-B and finds out IMSI and the SS7 address of MSC/VLR which is serving MS-B at that moment. SS7 address of the serving MSC/VLR was obtained by HLR during LU of MS-B. In this case, MS-B is present in
MSC/VLR2 area. HLR 2 sends Provide Routing Number message (PRN) to MSC/VLR2. HLR 2 sends IMSI number of MS-B to VLR2 as data
GMSC uses MSRN and refers to digit analysis and finds out the route to MSC/VLR 2. GMSC 2 GMSC 2 sends MSRN as the reference number for the call to establish and sends ISUP messae IAM to MSC/VLR2. MSC/VLR2 receives the call. At this point, the MSRN is marked free and may be reassigned for
other calls.
MSC/VLR2 needs to locate the subscriber in the loction area (which BTS?), since location area might span several cells, paging mechanism is used to locate the subscriber. The MSC/VLR2 uses TMSI of MS-B which is allocated to MS-B earlier to address MS-B.
Note that, MSC/VLR2 will send PAGING messge to all BSCs that handle location area
RR Paging Request Type 3 (TMSI)
BSC1 of MSC2 receives the Page command. BSC will send the Page message to all the cells that serve the subscriber's location area. Note that, all the BSCs,
serving the location area will send page message to all the cells
All cells in the location area will broadcast the Page message on PCH.
Channel Required
Channel ACT
Channel ACT Ack
IMMEDIATE Assign CMD
LAPD
UA (Page Response)
SCCP CR+RR Paging Response
BSSMAP: CC
All the mobiles belonging pageing group of MS-B listen to paging message in BTS1. MS-B finds that the TMSI specified in the page message matches its own
TMSI. The MS-B decides to respond to the page. An RR Connection establishmentis initiated by sending a channel request to the network
MS-B tunes to the assigned SDCCH channels and transmits page response and piggybacks SABM to intiate RR sesssion
Establish Ind (Page Response,CM Service
Request)
When BTS and MS are in contact over SDCCH, Establishment Indication messageis sent from BTS1 to BSC1. Paging Response and SABM are piggybacked on this message.
BSC1 sends UA(Page Response) to BTS1 and BTS1 sends UA(Page Response) to MS-B
BSC1 sends a SCCP Connection Request (CR) to the MSC/VLR2. The Page response message is piggybacked with the request.
SCCP
Assignment Req
Initiate Assignment
Assignment Success
Assignment Complete
CC Setup
Call Confirmed
CC Alerting
SRBT (IP Network/IP Trunks)ISUP ACM
CC Connect
Charging Starts
s/w s/w
MSC/VLR2 initiates authentication check, IMEI Check, Ciphering activation, IMEI chek, Classmark request, TMSI Reallocation procedures to MS-B. These procedures are similar to MS-A. Ref MS-A
procedures given above and are not printed here again.
Conversation
CC Release
BTS1 MSB
MSC/VLR2 needs to locate the subscriber in the loction area (which BTS?), since location area might span several cells, paging mechanism is used to locate the subscriber. The MSC/VLR2 uses TMSI of MS-B which is allocated to MS-B earlier to address MS-B.
Note that, MSC/VLR2 will send PAGING messge to all BSCs that handle location area
RR Paging Request Type 3 (TMSI)
BSC1 of MSC2 receives the Page command. BSC will send the Page message to all the cells that serve the subscriber's location area. Note that, all the BSCs,
serving the location area will send page message to all the cells
PCH
All cells in the location area will broadcast the Page message on PCH.
RR CHANNEL REQ
RACH
Channel Required
Channel ACT
Channel ACT Ack
IMMEDIATE Assign CMD
RR IMMEDIATE Assgn
AGCH
UA (Page Response)UA (Page Response)
RR Paging Request Type 3 (TMSI)
All the mobiles belonging pageing group of MS-B listen to paging message in BTS1. MS-B finds that the TMSI specified in the page message matches its own
TMSI. The MS-B decides to respond to the page. An RR Connection establishmentis initiated by sending a channel request to the network
RR SABM + RR PAGING RESPONSE
MS-B tunes to the assigned SDCCH channels and transmits page response and piggybacks SABM to intiate RR sesssion
Establish Ind (Page Response,CM Service
Request)
When BTS and MS are in contact over SDCCH, Establishment Indication messageis sent from BTS1 to BSC1. Paging Response and SABM are piggybacked on this message.
BSC1 sends UA(Page Response) to BTS1 and BTS1 sends UA(Page Response) to MS-B
BSC1 sends a SCCP Connection Request (CR) to the MSC/VLR2. The Page response message is piggybacked with the request.
Initiate Assignment
Assignment Command
Assignment Complete
Assignment Success
Call ConfirmedRinging
CC Alerting
ERS (External Ringtone Server)SRBT (IP Network/IP Trunks)
Answers the callCC Connect
s/w
MSC/VLR2 initiates authentication check, IMEI Check, Ciphering activation, IMEI chek, Classmark request, TMSI Reallocation procedures to MS-B. These procedures are similar to MS-A. Ref MS-A
procedures given above and are not printed here again.
CC Release