PIER Demonstration ProgramENERGY EFFICIENCY OPPORTUNITIES

CALIFORNIA

Overall Approach

1. Energy efficiency comes 1st first in the loading order

2. Work with utilities to develop technologies strategically

3. In partnership, conduct field demonstrations of promising new technologies

4. Move the research results forward in affiliation with others who share interest in energy efficiency

Annual Energy Savings from Efficiency Programs and Standards

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

GW

h/ye

ar

Appliance Standards

Building Standards

Utility Efficiency Programs at a cost of

~1% of electric bill

~15% of Annual Electricity Use in California in 2003

Source: CA Energy Commission / Art Rosenfeld / US DOE EIA

Efficiency: 1st in the Loading Order

California’s Annual Energy Savings from Efficiency Programs and Standards

Public Interest Energy Research

• Research counterpart to CA utilities public goods energy efficiency programs

• Since 1998 $62M/Yr electric utility surcharge

• Natural Gas funding added in 2004, $15M/Yr

Mission: Improve quality of life by providing environmentally sound, safe, reliable and affordable energy services and products

Lighting18%

Design / Standards

13%Equipment

4%

Envelope4%

Consumer Electronics

10%

Sustainability18%

Water Heating7%

Commissioning4%

HVAC22%

BUILDINGS RD&D INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO

Getting Technologies to Market

Marketplace

End-UsersEnd-Users

CECPIERCECPIER

Codes & Standards

Manufacturer, Distributors and Industry

Emerging Technology

Program

InnovationSource

Utility EnergyEfficiencyProgram

Pathways

Emerging Technologies Programs Promote Commercialization

Univs & LabsDOE

PIER

Angels

Cal CEF

Venture Capital

CalPERS & CalSTRSLarge corp. R&D

ET ProgramBasicResearch

Proof of Concept

Prototype ProductDefinition

ProductPrototype and Business Plan

Β unit andRevised

Business Plan ProductIntroduction

Early adoptersUtility sponsoredDemonstration

CommercialSalesLarge Corporations

Net Cash Flow

Valley of death

Sta

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f D

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Demonstrations are Important

Energy Efficient Green Buildings

Energy Use Index (kBtu/sf) by LEED-NC Rating LevelNew Buildings Institute, Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings 3/4/2008

•Better energy performance comes with higher LEED certification levels

•Scatter shows needfor improvement

LEED as Dinosaur

CA Department of Education, Sacramento, CAOpened 2002, Certified LEED Gold 200 http://www.eastend.dgs.ca.gov

Daylighting, perimeter dimming, motion sensors, low ambient T8 overhead and task lamps

• Designed for .9 watts/s.f.

• Building owner is rethinking to .5 watts/s.f

Shades of Green

Remember the Milky Way?Summer Milky Way over Delicate Arch Photograph by Cindy and Dan Durisco

Available from International Dark Sky Association

Earth at NightNASA, 11/9/2000

Dark Sky Friendly FixtureFully shielded fixture http://www.darksky.org/lighting/manufacturers

Range of Technology Options

HVAC/ENVELOPELIGHTING

T12 – T8, CFL

Bi-level Stair Fixture, Motion-Sensing Wall

Switch

Personal Lighting System, Daylighting

LED Ceiling Fan, Smart Outdoor

Duct materials and performance, White roofs

Fruit on the Ground for a While

Wireless Controls, Variable Speed Range Hood, Cool color roofs

Recently Fallen Fruit

AC Optimized for Hot-Dry Conditions

Low Hanging Fruit

Radiant CoolingBudding, Ripening Fruit

Green…until it is in use?

17%

23%

Residential

Commercial

Energy Consumption for Consumer and Office Electronics

• Battery Chargers

• Internal Power Supplies

• Televisions (LCD, Plasma, Organic LED, Laser)

• Set Top Boxes

• Digital Networks

Benchmarking

• Whole Building

• Action-specific

Energy Audits

PIER Campus Program Evolution

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

PIER Portfolio Assessment and

Planning

UC & CSU (Main 33

Campuses)

UC & CSU New Const & Auxiliaries

Community Colleges

(100+)

Pilot Programs: private colleges, State DGS, SVLG

Technologies & Campuses

• Bi-Level Stairwell Fixture– UCOP– UCLA– UCSB– UC Irvine– CSU San Diego– CSU Northridge– Sonoma State– UC Berkeley– UC Riverside

• Bathroom Vanity– UC Davis– Sonoma State

• ICLS– CSU Stanislaus– SF State– CSU San Marcos– Sonoma State

• Advanced Downlights– UC Davis

Technologies & Campuses

Lighting (cont.)

• Hybrid Porch Fixture

– UC Davis

• Load Shed Ballast

– UCSB

• Low-Glare Wall Pack

– CSU Pomona

• Integrated Office Lighting System (IOLS)

– DMV

– UCSB

– Bateson Bldg.

– Citrus CC

HVAC• Intelli-hood Kitchen Ventilation

COntrols– UC Santa Barbara– UC Berkeley

• Duct Sealing– UC Davis– UC San Diego

• AHU/VAV Box Diagnostics– UCLA– CSU East Bay– CSU Stanislaus

General Lessons Learned

• Work closely with contractors – Installation…beware of unique building conditions and/or

campus standards– Labor estimates…technology education reduces cost

• Work closely with manufacturers– Installation and commissioning assistance – Product improvement through reiterative design process

fueled by lessons from the demonstrations

• Do demonstrations with forward-thinking owners– Leverage results beyond one-off jobs– Included in IOU Applications– Stimulate campus standard improvements

Overall Results/Status

• Case studies for each technology (CIEE and CLTC websites)• Key results

– Group-buy in discussion for bi-level stairwell fixture– Established interest in ICLS, smart vanity, exterior hybrid– Improved campus standards (PIER Product Specifications)

• Results assisting in refining technologies• Plans for next round — 3 yrs starting Spring ‘07

– Continue at UC/CSU– Expand into other areas (housing, food svc, etc.)– Expand into California Dept. of General Services– Expand into Community College System

Current/Near Term Demonstrations

Bi-Level High Wattage Exterior LightingHybrid Fixtures for Bathrooms/HealthcareConsumer / Home Office High-Efficiency TorchiereLighting Sensor Diagnostic ToolDALI lighting devices with NEMAHot/Dry Climate Air ConditionersAHU Diagnostics that retrofits with existing EMS

PIER Products Available Now in HVACPIER Products Available Now in HVAC

SAV with InCITetm –Improved VAV

control system; ~25% energy savings shown

Speed Control for Kitchen Exhaust –Over 50% energy savings in campus demonstrations

DARTtm –Wireless

conversion of CV to VAV

More big energy savings in major energy uses More big energy savings in major energy uses

Variable Speed ControlVariable Speed Controlfor kitchen exhaust hoodsfor kitchen exhaust hoods

Virtually every commercial kitchen needs this retrofit now!

Source: Melink Corporation

• Reduces exhaust airflow when full capacity is not needed

• Reduces fan energy use and energy for heating and cooling make-up air

• High expected energy savings: 25% of exhaust fan nameplate power x annual hours of operation

Kitchen Ventilation Kitchen Ventilation -- ResultsResults

UC Santa Barbara – Carrillo DC• Pre-retrofit – 58,750 kWh/yr

• Post-retrofit – 26,800 kWh/yr

• 54% Savings!

UC Berkeley – Clark Kerr DC• Pre-retrofit – 64,974 kWh/yr

• Post-retrofit – 29,361 kWh/yr

• 55% Savings!

UCLA Coming Soon……

Kitchen Ventilation Kitchen Ventilation –– Group Group PurchasePurchase

UC Berkeley Savings Potential Study • 5 major dining locations• Total of 245,700 kWh savings potential

per year• combined payback of less than three

years

Kitchens are everywhere – huge savings potential

Follow the Bi-Level Group Model

• Proven savings in the demos • Systemwide sole source

justification

• Cost effective procurement

• Faster payback

Wireless CAV to VAV ConversionWireless CAV to VAV Conversion(DART(DART™™))

Reduces HVAC Heating, Cooling, and Fan Energy Use

Developer: Federspiel Controls

• Lower cost than conventional retrofits•Avoid wiring

•Avoid asbestos

•Avoid installation interruptions

• Web-based user interface and alarm

• Reduce fan energy use by 50%, heating and cooling energy by 35%

Bi-Level Stairwell Lighting

• Tested LaMar Lighting, VO Series• Increased lamp life w/unique lamp

conditioning circuit & program-start dimming ballast

• Lessons– Life Cycle Cost Analysis– Consider on/off lamp life

impacts– Electrical infrastructure

conditions– Building interior conditions

(paint, light levels)UCLA – Bunche Hall

8.3% average occupancy65% average savings

2-yr payback (w/incentive)

Smart Vanity Lighting

Wall Switch/Fixture• Watt Stopper (WN-100)

– 1.5 yrs simple payback (retrofit)• MetalOptics (MBV)

– 40% average energy savings– 2 yrs payback (new construction)

Operation• Manual on, auto off• LED nightlight w/battery back-up

Lessons• Bathroom size and orientation• Multiple aesthetics desired

UC Davis – Webster Dormitory

Integrated Classroom Lighting System (ICLS)

• Finelite system– Base case average 1.8 W/sq-ft– ICLS average <0.8 W/ft²

• Linear pendant fixtures vs. troffers– easy installation – lower maintenance costs

• 5-8 years payback (retrofit)• 0-3 years payback (new construction)• Occupants love improved lighting

control and quality• Lesson—removing troffers may

impacts HVAC ducts CSU Stanislaus – Bizzini Hall

55% average savings0–7 yr payback (w/incentive)

Integrated Office Lighting System (IOLS)

1-lamp T-8 direct/indirect pendant strings

A/B Circuiting (50% savings)

Enables additional technologies

Daylight Harvesting

Demand Response

LED desktop & under-shelf task lighting (75% savings)

Personal power supply (optional occupancy sensing and dimming)

CFL Downlights

• Lithonia: Commercial=CCR82 Residential=CCR62

• One ballast serves two lamp heads• 3-5 yr payback (retrofit)• 0-3 yr payback (new construction)• Lower maintenance costs than

standard CFL systems• Lesson—retrofits only for suspended

ceilings

CLTC Kitchen

UC Davis –Meyer Hall(had mercury vapor!)

15-75% savings0–5 yr payback (w/incentive)

Load Shed Ballasts

• Osram Sylvania• Features

– Standard form factor– Drops power by 33% with

demand response signal• 3-5 yr payback (retrofit)• 1-2 yr payback (new construction)• Control via wired/wireless w/EMS• Lesson—utility hardware &

building connectivity improve effectiveness

UCSB – Campus Library

1–5 yr payback (w/incentive)Economics depend on rates

Low Glare Wall Pack

• Developed by Gardco• Reduces demand by up to 30%• High-performance optics=savings

– 150W = standard 175-250W– 70W = standard 100-150W

• Latest generation ceramic metal halide lamps

• Prototype test = 64% savings• Lesson

– Prototype demonstration can lead to product commercialization

– Reduced fixture quantityCal Poly Pomona Equestrian Center

15-40% savings

Bi-Level Exteriors

• Collaboration between major US fixture and controls manufacturers

• Source Change Savings– Old=HPS– New=MH, Induction, LED

• Controls Savings=50% demand reduction

• Mondavi Center Parking Lot at UC Davis

• Parking Garage demonstrations at Sac State and UC Davis

• Potential change in campus standard

Motion sensorMotion sensor

Upcoming Events/Activities

• Light Fair International• CSU and UC

– Campus plant operations and energy managers meetings/conferences

– IOU Partnership Program – PIER Demonstration Program

• 2008 Sustainability Conference– Demonstration Tour for campus decision makers

• Many more…….

Summary

• Extensive Calif. field demos fuel rebate programs and meet HUGE savings goals… PIER and utilities

• Field demos can help seed the market

• New products, more savings, lower cost

• More California ET demos on-going… more coming too!

Contact Information

Michael Seaman

California Energy Commission PIER Buildings Programmseaman@energy.state.ca.us

916-654-4981

Karl Johnson UCOP/CIEEKarl.johnson@ucop.edu

Wes Morgan CLTC-UC Daviswrmorgan@ucdavis.edu