California Mammals pt 1

7/28/2019 California Mammals pt 1

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WFC110L Biology and

Conservation of WildMammals

Pacific Coast Mammals I

Spring 2013


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Lab Overview: Didelphimorphia

and Soricomorpha Didelphimorphia

Didelphidae

Didelphis virginiana

Soricomorpha

Soricidae

Notiosorex crawfordi

Sorex palustris

Sorex sonomae

Sorex vagrans

Talpidae

Neurotrichus gibbsii

Scapanus latimanus

Scapanus townsendii


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Lab Overview: Chiroptera

Molossidae

Eumops perotis

Tadarida brasiliensis

Phyllostomidae Macrotus californicus

Vespertilionidae

Antrozous pallidus

Corynorhinus townsendii

Eptesicus fuscus Euderma maculatum

Lasionycteris noctivagans

Lasiurus blossevillii

Lasiurus cinereus

Myotis sp.

Pipistrellus hesperus


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Lab Overview: Cetacea

Odontoceti

Delphinidae

Orcinus orca Phocoenidae

Phocoena phocoena

Physeteridae

Physeter catodon

Mysticeti

Balaenidae

Eubalaena glacialis

Balaenopteridae

Balaenoptera sp.

Eschrichtiidae

Eschrichtius robustus


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Family Didelphidae

Didelphis virginiana

Common name: Virginia

opossum

Introduced in California

Mostly nocturnal &

omnivorous

Most cultivated areas west

of Sierra Nevada


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Family Didelphidae

Didelphis virginiana Skin: grey pelage

Skull: large, incisors 5/4, trituberculate molars,

sagittal crest


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Lab Overview: Soricomorpha

2 families

7 species

Soricidae


Sorex palustris

Sorex sonomae

Sorex vagrans

Talpidae

Neurotrichus gibbsii

Scapanus latimanus

Scapanus townsendii


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Family Soricidae

Notiosorex crawfordi Common name: Desert

shrew

Light underparts &

conspicuous pinnae

Dry habitats, loose,

sandy soil

Southern California

Skin: large ears

Skull: upper jaw with 3 unicuspid teeth


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Family Soricidae



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Family Soricidae

Sorex palustris Common name: Water

shrew

Palustris = swamp

Very dark; hind feet

with fringe of hairs

Small, swift, coldstreams & lakes

Sierra Nevada, Cascade


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Family Soricidae

Sorex palustris Skin: smaller ears, larger, black or dark brown

Skull: upper incisor lacking median tine, 1st


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Family Soricidae

Sorex sonomae Common name: Fog

shrew

Large, brown

Moist habitats, with

slugs and snails

Coastal coniferous

forests north of SanFrancisco

Skin: large, reddish

Skull: upper incisors lack a median tine;

1st= 2nd incisors, 3rd < 4th


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Family Soricidae

Sorex vagrans Common name: Vagrant

shrew

Bi-colored tails

Grasses, willow along

streams

Sierra Nevada and coastal

ranges


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Family Soricidae

Sorex vagrans Skin: brown or grey

Skull: upper incisors

with median tine;

3rd < 4th


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Family Talpidae

Neurotrichus gibbsii Common name: American

shrew mole

Small Moist areas in coastal

redwood forest


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Family Talpidae

Neurotrichus gibbsii Skin: forehand longer

than wide, long tail

Skull: 8-9 pair of teeth inlower jaw;


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Family Talpidae

Scapanus latimanus Common name: Broad-

footed mole

Latimanus = spade, big

hand

Well furred tail

Throughout Cal. except

Central valley and desertregion

Skin: light gray or brownish

Skull: unicuspid teeth, unevenly spaced, crowded;rostrum short and broad


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Family Talpidae

Scapanus townsendii Common name: Townsends

mole

the largest mole in NorthAmerica

Nearly naked tail

Moist lowland areas west of

the Cascade Mountains

NW of Cal.


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Family Talpidae

Scapanus townsendii Skin: large, black, tail naked

Skull: unicuspid teeth evenly

spaced, not crowded; rostrumlong and narrow


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Lab Overview: Chiroptera

3 families

12 species

Molossidae

Eumops perotis


Phyllostomidae

Macrotus californicus

Vespertilionidae

Antrozous pallidus

Corynorhinus townsendii

Eptesicus fuscus Euderma maculatum

Lasionycteris noctivagans


Lasiurus cinereus Myotis sp.

Pipistrellus hesperus


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Family Molossidae

Eumops perotis Common name: Western

mastiff bat

the largest molossid in NA

the largest bat in CA

large ears united across thetop

tough and leathery flight

membranes Buildings, caves

Southern Cal.


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Family Molossidae

Eumops perotis Skin: large, grey or dark

brown, broad ears joinedacross top of head

Skull: upper incisors incontact with each other


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Family Molossidae

Tadarida brasiliensis Common name: Brazilian

free-tailed bat

social organisms Colonies with millions of

bats

Throughout Cal.


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Skin: small, chocolatebrown, ears not joined atbase

Skull: 1 pair upperincisors, 5 pairs uppercheek teeth, 1stpairminute; rostrum, longerthan wider; U-shaped gapbetween upper incisors

Family Molossidae



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Family Phyllostomidae

Macrotus californicus Common name: California

leaf-nosed bat

Leaf nose, big ears Arid areas in S. Cal. (the

most northern member of

the Phyllostomidae)

Caves and mines

Skin: leaf nose, light chocolate color, large ears

Skull: upper molars with distinct W shape
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagem:California_leaf-nosed_bat.jpg


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Family Vespertilionidae

Antrozous pallidus Common name: Pallid

bat

Pallidus: pale, cave Long and wide ears

Rocky, montainous or

open, lowland areas

Throughout Cal.

Skin: medium size, buffy or sand color, long ears

Skull: 1 pair upper incisors, 4 pairs upper cheek

teeth


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Antrozous pallidus

Skin: medium size,

buffy or sand color,lon ears


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Corynorhinus townsendii Common name:

Townsends big-eared bat

Corynorhinus = club nose

two large lumps on thesnout

Throughout Cal.


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Corynorhinus townsendii Skin: medium sized, light brown,

long ears, joined ears

Skull: 2 pairs upper incisors, 5

pairs upper cheek teeth, 6 pairs

lower cheek teeth


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Eptesicus fuscus Common name: Big

brown bat

Eptesicus = house flier Fuscus = dark color

Cities, towns, and rural

areas

Statewide distribution


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Eptesicus fuscus Skin: brown, larger

Skull: 2 pairs upper

incisors, 4 pairs uppercheek teeth


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Family Vespertillionidae

Euderma maculatum Common name: Spotted

bat

Euderma = nice skin Maculatum = spot

White dorsal spots

Wide variety of habitats


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Family Vespertillionidae

Euderma maculatum Skin: black, 3 large

dorsal spots (white)

Skull: 2/2 1/1 2/2 3/3


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Lasionycteris noctivagans Common name: Silver-haired bat

Noctivagans = night

wanderer

silver-tipped hair

Temperate hardwoods

Roost in trees

N. Cal.


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Lasionycteris noctivagans Skin: dark brown with

white-tipped hairs

Skull: 2 pairs upperincisors, 5 pairs of

upper cheek teeth


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Common name: Red

bat

Blossevillii = hairy tail,

shaggy Roost in trees

streamside habitats

Statewide


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Lasiurus cinereus Common name: Hoary

bat

Cinereus = grey, ash

Yellow collar, hairs

with frosted tips

Wooded areas

Statewide


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Myotis spp. Sharp thin triangular

tragus

Small size Generalist insectivores


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Myotis californicus Common name:

California myotis

Statewide distribution General habitat


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Myotis evotis Common name: Long-

eared myotis

Most commonly inmixed coniferous

forests in montane

area

Statewide


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Myotis lucifugus Common name: Little

brown bat

Very abundant acrossUSA

Roost mainly in

buildings


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Myotis yumanensis Common name: Yuma

myotis

Statewide distribution More closely

associated with water

than any other N.A. bat

species


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Parastrellus hesperus Common name:

Western pipistrelle

Yellowish pelage Statewide

most abundant N.A.

bats found in deserts

Blunt rounded tragus


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Lab Overview: Cetacea

2 suborders, 6 families, 6 species

Odontoceti

Delphinidae

Orcinus orca

Phocoenidae

Phocoena phocoena

Physeteridae

Physeter catodon

Mysticeti

Balaenidae Eubalaena glacialis

Balaenopteridae

Balaenoptera sp.

Eschrichtiidae



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Family Delphinidae

Orcinus orca Common name: Killer

whale

Coast of Cal.


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Family Phocoenidae

Phocoena phocoena Common name:

Harbor porpoise

Blunt nose with nobeaks

Coast of N. Cal.


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Family Physeteridae

Physeter catodon Common name: Sperm

whale

Coast of Cal. Endangered
http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=190


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Family Balaenidae

Eubalaena glacialis Common name:

Northern right whale

Large head, withoutdorsal fin

Coast of Cal.

Endangered


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Family Balaenopteridae

Balaenoptera spp. Common names: Blue

whale, Sei whale, Fin

whale, Minke whale

Longitudinal grooves

in throat

With dorsal fin

Coastal Cal.

Mostly endangered

Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Mi k h l
http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=230


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Minke whale

Balaenoptera physalisFin whale

Balaenoptera musculus

Bl h l


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Balaenoptera borealis

Sei whale

Blue whale


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Family Eschrichtiidae


Common name: Gray

whale

Mottled gray color

Coastal Cal.

Documents

California Mammals pt 1