Caitlin O’ConnorPrincipal Research Technician

Danielle BarronPrincipal Planner

Capacity: 1148Average Capacity (FY14): 1068Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $39,497

Capacity: 710Average Population (FY14): 407Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $53,462

Capacity: 1186Average Population (FY14): 1047Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $39,576

Capacity: 466Average Population (FY14): 442Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $61,596

Capacity: 166Average Population (FY14): 96Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $182,396

Capacity: 213Average Population (FY14): 117Annual Cost per Offender (FY14): $113,977*

*Cost per offender includes operation costs for both women’s facilities

Capacity: 100Average Population (FY14): 37

603685 730

991

1174

1346

1528

2495

2862 2760

3001

33943204

3387

3554

3510

3860

3502

32733191 3160

3214

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 11 12 13 14

Tota

l Pop

ulat

ion

Fiscal Year

Paro

le G

uide

lines

Mod

ified

Man

dato

ry M

inim

ums

Goo

d Ti

me

Legi

slatio

n

Man

dato

ry M

inim

ums

Repe

aled

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

12000

13000

14000

15000

16000

17000

18000

19000

20000

FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14

Commits

Releases

Avg Pop

30.3%

11.8%

11.4%

7.4%

30.3%

20.9%

9.1%

12.2%

9.8%

16.2%

9.1%

29.4%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Female Male

Sentenced Stock

10+ yrs

5 - 10 yrs

3 - 5 yrs

1 - 3 yrs

6 mos -1 yr

6 mos or less

80.0%

61.1%

8.1%

11.5%

9.3%

16.0%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Female Male

Sentenced Commitments

10+ yrs

5 - 10 yrs

3 - 5 yrs

1 - 3 yrs

6 mos -1 yr

6 mos or less

51.7%42.8%

4.8%

Sentenced Commitment Type

Probation Violator Newly Sentenced

Parole Violator Other

64.3%34.5%

1.2%

Violation Type

New Charge Technical Unknown

19%

12%

2%

5%

13%2%

46%

1%

ViolentDomestic ViolenceSexB&EDrugWeaponsNonviolentPending

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Black White Asian Hispanic AmerIndian

Other

Num

ber

of C

omm

itmen

ts

Race

PendingNonviolentWeaponsDrugB&ESexDomestic ViolenceViolent

One in 265 white male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are incarcerated

One in 83 Hispanic male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are incarcerated

One in 29 black male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are incarcerated

*Based on the 2013 American Community Survey by the Census Bureau

1

1http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ppus13.pdf

17444

19103

20939 2213822436

22780

2580726275

26376

26437

26075

26747

26779

2712826411

25454

25026 24329

23539

711

740

636

619

629

592 578 588

592

490

421

477

551

606

656

553 524 497

456

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

10000

12500

15000

17500

20000

22500

25000

27500

30000

97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

Paro

le P

opul

atio

n

Prob

atio

n Po

pula

tion

Fiscal Year

Probation

Parole

7964 7957 7926 7949 8041 8095 8101 8088 8087 8187 8284 8315

1198 1190 1201 1128 1085 1065 1049 1098 1121 1138 1164 1173

14138 14032 14071 13999 13957 13949 13836 13850 13889 13922 13850 13757

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

July '13 Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan '14 Feb Mar Apr May June

Banked

Low Supervision

Active Supervision

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Black White Asian Hispanic AmerIndian

Other

PendingNonviolentWeaponsDrugB&ESexDomestic ViolenceViolent

One in 34 white male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are under community corrections supervision

One in 14 Hispanic male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are under community corrections supervision

One in 6 black male Rhode Islanders over the age of 18 are under community corrections supervision

*Based on the 2013 American Community Survey by the Census Bureau

2010 Cohort

• A recidivist is defined as:1. An offender who was released from sentence at RIDOC within a

specific period of time (cohort), and2. Who was returned to RIDOC as a sentenced inmate

• In 2010, RIDOC pulled a cohort of 3,593 distinct release events and tracked them for 3 years• White (56%), male (89%), and averaged 34 years of age• Released from a nonviolent (39%) or violent (31%) offense• Average sentence length of 20 months

32%

31%

14%

12%

8%

6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

CY04

CY10

1 Year 2 Years 3 Years

54%

49%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

CY04

CY10

Whites, blacks and Hispanics were equally likely to reoffend. One in 2 recidivated within 3 years of release in 2010.

59.5%

13.9%

26.4%

Admission Type

Newly Sentenced

Parole Violator

Probation Violator

Other

32.4%

1.4%7.9%

16.5%

40.6%

1.3%

Returning Offense Type

Violent

Sex

B&E

Drug

Nonviolent

Pending

• Risk Principle – identifies WHO to target1• The risk principle states that the level of service provided to an offender should match their

risk of reoffending. As a result, supervision and treatment should be reserved for higher risk offenders, while low risk offenders require little to no intervention. In fact, research has found that too much treatment, or the wrong type of treatment, may be detrimental to a low risk offender.

• Validated Risk/Needs Assessments• Institution: Level of Service Inventory Revised (LSI-R) • Probation: LSI-R Screening Version (LSI-R SV)

• Need Principle – identifies WHAT to target2

• The need principle indicates that treatment should focus on an offender’s dynamic criminogenic needs (the factors most likely to lead to crime) and prioritize treatment accordingly.

• Criminogenic Needs

• Pro-criminal attitudes

• Criminal associates

• Antisocial personality

• Education

• Substance abuse

• Leisure time

• Non-Criminogenic Needs

• Low self-esteem

• Anxiety

• Medical needs

• Psychological discomfort

• Lack of physical activity

• Neighborhood improvement

• Responsivity Principle – identifies HOW to target3

• The responsivity principle attempts to remove barriers to success. Generalresponsivity suggests staff should use interventions known to be effective with offenders.• General responsivity

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy• Individual/Specific responsivity indicates staff should tailor interventions to

the individual strengths, style, culture and personality of the offender. Both general and individual responsivity should be considered when working with offenders. • Individual responsivity examples:

• Language barriers • Motivation to change • Mental health status

1Koetzle, D. & Skinner, B. (2014.) “Recidivism Reduction Training: Strategies for Promoting Staff Safety and Public Safety in Rhode Island.” Presentation at the Rhode Island Department of Corrections Recidivism Reduction Training, Cranston, RI, June 3 & 4, 2014.2Ibid 6, Slide 29.3Ibid 6, Slide 34.

This presentation is property of the Rhode Island Department of Corrections

www.doc.ri.gov