CAHS 2000

Global Consumer Culture

Global Consumer Culture

Globalization“Globalization is the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witnessed before—in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before, and in a way that is enabling the world to reach into individuals, corporations and nation-states farther, faster, deeper, cheaper than ever before.”

-Thomas Friedman

Globalization

Industrial Revolution

World Wars Cold War

General Timeline

Globalization

Industrial Revolution

British Textile IndustryKey InventionsAmerica’s RoleManufacturing RetailingTransportation

In the beginning. . .

British Textiles (1700s)

Global ExplorationsGrowing Competition (India & China)

Expanding Markets (England, Europe, American Colonies, Africa)

Many small cottage industries (fiber producers, spinners, weavers, lace-makers, knitters, embellishment craftspeople, tailors, milliners, merchants, etc)

Population GrowthConsumer Base (social class/social mobility)

Growth of Urban Centers

Cotton Production (proto-industry & “putting out”)

Merchant ownershipLabor

Key Inventions

• Flying shuttle (1733)

• Spinning jenny (1764)

• Water-powered spinning frame (1769)

• Power loom (1785)

America’s Role (1800s)Supplier of cotton to England

Development of U.S. Manufacturing (Rhode Island System & Massachusetts System)

Consumer Base (social class/social mobility/immigrant population)

Growth of Urban Centers (I.e. NYC, Philadelphia, Boston)

Railroads (Urban to Rural, North to South, East to West)

Labor

Revolutionary War (1775-1783)

Civil War (1861-1865)

Rebuilding the SouthLaborFashion (Ready to Wear, “Gibson Girls,” Ditto suits, etc)

Retailing

Decentralized Commerce

•Custom goods•Home-made goods•Cottage Industries•Barter System•Defined Social Class•Slow Fashion Cycles

Centralized Commerce

•Mass-produced goods•Technology•Large Industries•Social Mobility•Fast Fashion Cycles

Increased SUPPLY of mass consumer goods

Increased DEMAND of mass consumer goods (Consumer Revolution)

Fuel for changes in production

Democratization of goods (i.e. uniformity in products & appearances)

Spread to other countries & industries

Cold War Era Economics

Socialism(Karl Marx)

•Equality of wealth distribution•Socio-economic equality•State controlled means of production•Centrally planned economies (USSR)

Capitalism(Ludwig von Mises & John

Maynard Keynes)

•Socio-economic strata (lower, middle, upper classes) •Rights of individuals and corporations•Privately controlled means of production•Supply & demand factors determined by market economy (“free market”)

Cold War Systems

Part One in Lexus & the Olive Tree (p. 1-142)

Characterized by division

“US vs. THEM” mentality

Nuclear Arms Race

McCarthyism

Vietnam & Korean Wars

August 13, 1961

End of Cold War

November 9, 1989

So Now What?

So Now What?

Marks of Globalization

Defining MeasurementSpeed & Innovation

Dominant CultureHomogenizing of culture (regional vs. global)

Defining TechnologiesComputerizationMiniaturizationDigitizationSatellite CommunicationsFiber Optics

THE INTERNET

Marks of Globalization

Creative Destruction

“. . .the perpetual cycle of destroying the old and less efficient product or service and replacing it with the new, more efficient ones”

-Thomas Friedman

Marks of Globalization

Balances

•Between nation-states

•Between nation-states & global markets

•Between individuals & nation-states

Marks of Globalization

Multi-dimensional

•Politics•Culture•National Security•Finance•Technology•Environment

Globalization

“Globalization is the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witnessed before—in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before, and in a way that is enabling the world to reach into individuals, corporations and nation-states farther, faster, deeper, cheaper than ever before.”

-Thomas Friedman