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Cadre and Cotton “A Peanut Producer’s Dilemma”. E. P. Prostko, A. S. Culpepper, T. L. Grey, C. W. Bednarz, and W. D. Duffie University of Georgia Tifton. Cadre in Peanuts. discovered (1981) field tested (1989) EUP’s (1993-95) labeled (1996) excellent control of nutsedge complex - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cadre and CottonCadre and Cotton“A Peanut Producer’s “A Peanut Producer’s
Dilemma”Dilemma”
E. P. Prostko, A. S. Culpepper, T. L. Grey,
C. W. Bednarz, and W. D. Duffie
University of Georgia
Tifton
Cadre in PeanutsCadre in Peanuts discovered (1981)discovered (1981) field tested (1989)field tested (1989) EUP’s (1993-95)EUP’s (1993-95) labeled (1996)labeled (1996) excellent control of excellent control of
nutsedge complexnutsedge complex G-E control of many G-E control of many
other speciesother species
18 Month Cotton Rotation18 Month Cotton Rotation
Cotton in GeorgiaCotton in GeorgiaPlanted Acres 1989-2001Planted Acres 1989-2001
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
Year
Acr
es (
X 1
000)
Source: GASS
Cadre Injury SymptomsCadre Injury Symptoms
stuntingstunting shortened shortened
internodes internodes yellowish-orange yellowish-orange
leaf color (lime)leaf color (lime) unpredictableunpredictable
What do we What do we know about Cadre?know about Cadre?
CadreCadre Behavior in EnvironmentBehavior in Environment
120 day half life120 day half life upper 12-18”upper 12-18” degradation degradation
* microbial* microbial
* photolysis??* photolysis??
Source: WSSA Herbicide Handbook
Factors that Promote Microbial Factors that Promote Microbial Degradation of PesticidesDegradation of Pesticides
adequate moistureadequate moisture warm soil temperatures (75-90warm soil temperatures (75-9000F)F) favorable soil pH (> 5.5)favorable soil pH (> 5.5) good aerationgood aeration
Other Soil Properties that Other Soil Properties that Influence IMI PersistenceInfluence IMI Persistence
higher OM soils higher OM soils heavier soils (i.e. more clay)heavier soils (i.e. more clay) low pH ( low pH ( << 5.5) 5.5)
Why?Why?
* Increased adsorption which reduces * Increased adsorption which reduces herbicide availability for microbial herbicide availability for microbial degradationdegradation
Now you see it, Now you see it, now you don’t?now you don’t?
Seed Cotton Yield Response Seed Cotton Yield Response to Cadre Residues in North to Cadre Residues in North
CarolinaCarolina
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1992 1993-94
Year
kg/h
a
Untreated Cadre (0.5x) Cadre (1X) Cadre (2X)
York et al., 2000 DES 119
How much Cadre How much Cadre does it take to does it take to cause injury?cause injury?
Cotton Yield Response toCotton Yield Response to PPI Applications of Cadre PPI Applications of Cadre
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
0.032 0.016 0.008 0.004 0.002 0.001 0
Cadre Rate (lb ai/A)
See
d C
otto
n Y
ield
(lb
s/A
)
Averaged over 2 varieties(DP33B, SG501BG/RR) Tifton, GA 2000LSD 0.05 = 336
**
Cotton Yield Response to Cotton Yield Response to PRE Applications of CadrePRE Applications of Cadre
0
1000
2000
3000
0.032 0.016 0.008 0.004 0.002 0.001 0
Cadre Rate (lb ai/A)
See
d C
otto
n Y
ield
(lb
s/A
)
Averaged over 2 varieties(ST4892RR/BG, ST4691BG) Plains, GA 2000LSD 0.05 = 712
**
*
How much yield loss How much yield loss does Cadre carryover does Cadre carryover
actually cause?actually cause?
Cadre Carryover in CottonCadre Carryover in CottonBrooks County, GA - 2000Brooks County, GA - 2000
674 lbs 770 lbs 770 lbs
1540 lbs 1348 lbs 1220 lbs
738 lbs/A738 lbs/A(lint yield)(lint yield)
1369 lbs/A1369 lbs/A
6/09/006/09/00
Are there variety Are there variety differences?differences?
Cotton Variety Response to Cotton Variety Response to Cadre at 8 PPB - 9 WATCadre at 8 PPB - 9 WAT
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Delta Pearl
DP33B
DP5415
DP458
ST4892
STX9903
BXN47
FM989
AP6101
GA161
SG125
Injury (%)Tifton, GA
ef
effg
deffg
fgdefdef
fgfg
g
Cotton Variety Response to Cotton Variety Response to Cadre at 16 PPB - 9 WATCadre at 16 PPB - 9 WAT
0 20 40 60 80 100
Delta Pearl
DP33B
DP5415
DP458
ST4892
STX9903
BXN47
FM989
AP6101
GA161
SG125
Injury (%)Tifton, GA
aaba
abcabab
aabc
cdebcd
a
SummarySummary
cotton tolerant of 1/16-1/8X ratescotton tolerant of 1/16-1/8X rates carryover caused 46% yield losscarryover caused 46% yield loss no significant variety differencesno significant variety differences
* AP 6101* AP 6101
* GA 161 (Phytogen)* GA 161 (Phytogen)
What can growers do?What can growers do?
follow 18 month restrictionfollow 18 month restriction reduced rates of Cadre?reduced rates of Cadre? banded applicationsbanded applications Cadre on irrigated fields only?Cadre on irrigated fields only? foliar fertilization?foliar fertilization? optimum pH and nutrient levelsoptimum pH and nutrient levels plant suspect fields last plant suspect fields last
University ofGeorgia
ExtensionWeed Science(gaweed.com)