CAD/CAM/CIM - Egypt Chapter · MUSES_SECRET: ORFHow to build a real robot: -RE Project 2016-2017 -© IEEE RAS © PAMI Research Group –Egypt Chapter –University of Waterloo 14/2214

MUSES_SECRET: ORF-RE Project - © PAMI Research Group – University of Waterloo 1/221How to build a real robot: 2016-2017 © IEEE RAS – Egypt Chapter

Tutorial

CAD/CAM/CIM

How to build a real robot

Eng. Ahmed Sobhy

IEEE Robotics and Automation Society (RAS) – Egypt Chapterhttp://www.ras-egypt.org/

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http://www.ras-egypt.org/


Design

• What is Design ?


Design is the human power to conceive, plan,

and realize products that serve human beings.


Design Disciplines

• Mechanical Design

– For Machines like Lathe, Drill,

– For Turbo-machines like Turbine, Propeller

– For Automobile like Chassis, Transmission

– For Components like Gears, Shafts, Joints, etc.


Computer Aided Design

• Use of computer systems to assist in creation,

modification, analysis and optimization of a

design.

• Computer assistance, while a designer

converts his or her ideas and knowledge, into a

mathematical and graphical model represented

in a computer.



Manufacturing

• What is Manufacturing?


Manufacturing

• Process of production of objects from metals

or non-metals, with or without application of

force, with or without application of heat, with

or without use of machines, joining or

removing of excess material.


Manufacturing Processes

Chemical Process

Mechanical Process as Bending

NC/CNC Process as Turning, Facing

Casting

Molding

Forming

Machining

Joining

Rapid manufacturing


Computer Aided Manufacturing

• Use of computers systems to plan, manage and

control the operations of a manufacturing plant

through either direct or indirect computer

interface with plant’s production resources.

• Manufacturing support applications –Use of

computers in process planning, scheduling,

shop floor control, work study, tool design,

quality control etc.



Computer Integrated Manufacturing

• A process of integration of CAD, CAM and

business aspects of a factory. It attempts

complete automation with all processes

functioning under computer control.


CIM

CAD CAM CIM


Need for CAD/CAM/CIM

• To increase productivity of the designer

• To improve quality of the design

• To improve communications

• To create a manufacturing database

• To create and test tool paths and optimize them

• To help in production scheduling and MRP models

• To have effective shop floor control


Scope of CAD/CAM/CIM


SolidWorks


SolidWorks

• SolidWorks is a 3D solid modeling package

which allows users to develop full solid

models in a simulated environment for both

design and analysis.

• In SolidWorks, you sketch ideas and

experiment with different designs to create 3D

models.


SolidWorks

• SolidWorks is used by students, designers,

engineers, and other professionals to produce

simple and complex parts, assemblies, and

drawings.

• Designing in a modeling package such as

SolidWorks is beneficial because it saves time,

effort, and money that would otherwise be

spent prototyping the design.


HANDLES

USA

KITCHEN

USA

VACUUM CLEANER

Italy

AIR CONDITIONING

Japan

STAIRLIFT

UK

CLIPPERS

Sweden

FURNITURE

Spain

BATHROOM

Spain

TELEPHONE

South Korea

STAIRS

Italy

LOCK

USA

SHOWER

UK

PERFUME

France

SolidWorks Everywhere in Consumer Products

TELEPHONE

Germany

COMPUTER

USA

FAX & COPIER

Korea

http://www.solidworks.fr/pages/successes/documents/SIEDEL_G VF.pps

http://www.solidworks.fr/pages/successes/documents/SIEDEL_G VF.pps

http://www.sindo.co.kr/english/Edomesticproduct/ProductDetail.asp?f_advantage_id=339&f_pdtype_id=4

http://www.sindo.co.kr/english/Edomesticproduct/ProductDetail.asp?f_advantage_id=339&f_pdtype_id=4


Industry Example: Trek Bikes

• Company:

– Designs, manufactures, and markets bicycles and bike accessories.

• Challenge:

– Heightened expectation for quality (Lance Armstrong)

– Integrate Design and Manufacturing

– Increased market demand

• SolidWorks Benefits:

– Shortened design cycle by 50%

– Improved product quality

– Doubled throughput of new products (100% increase)

By providing integrated design,

analysis, manufacturing, and

communication tools, SolidWorks

software has enabled Trek Bicycles to

double its design throughput while

improving quality and increasing

innovation.


Industry Example: Kneissl

• Company:

– Located in Switzerland, Kneissl manufactures skis and tennis rackets

• Challenge:

– Replace 2D AutoCad with 3D capabilities

– transform an idea from design to production quickly

– Affortability

• SolidWorks Benefits:

– Can quickly conceptualize

– Makes production of final product much easier

– Low cost"In SolidWorks, we can give free rein to our creativity."

Richard Holzner, Director of R&D Ski


Using the Interface

• Use windows to view files.

• Use the mouse to select buttons, menus, and model elements.

• Run programs — like SolidWorks mechanical design software.

• Find, open, and work with files.

• Create, save, and copy files.

The interface is how you interact with the computer in the following ways:


Microsoft® Windows®

• SolidWorks runs on

the Microsoft

Windows graphical

user interface.

• Windows let you see

the work of an

application program.

• Panels are sub sections of windows.

• Illustration shows one window with two

panels.


Using the SolidWorks Interface

• SolidWorks windows

display graphic and

non-graphic model

data.

• Toolbars display

frequently used

commands.


Left Side of SolidWorks Window

• FeatureManag

er design

tree™

Property Manager

Configuration Manager


Toolbars

Buttons for frequently used commands.

• You can select the toolbars to display.

• View / Toolbars


Getting Help

To view comprehensive online help:

• Click .

• Select Help,

SolidWorks Help

Topics.

• Help displays in a

separate window.


The SolidWorks Model

• The SolidWorks model is made up of:

– Parts

– Assemblies

– Drawings


Part Part

Assembly

Drawing Drawing

The SolidWorks Model


Examples of Shape Features

• Chamfer

feature

– Similar to a

fillet.

– Bevels an

edge rather

than rounding

it.

– Can remove or

add material.


SOLIDWORKS

Basics and Modeling

Fundamentals

Introduction to Robotics


SolidWorks Components - PARTSBefore we begin looking at the software, it is important to

understand the different components that make up a

SolidWorks model.

The first, and most basic element of a

SolidWorks model is a Part.

Parts consist of primitive geometry and

features such as extrudes, revolutions, lofts,

sweeps, etc.

Parts will be the building blocks for all of the

models that you will create


SolidWorks Components - Assemblies

• The second component is the assembly.

Assemblies are collections of parts which are

assembled in a particular fashion using mates

(constraints).

• Any complex model will usually consist of

one, or many assemblies.


SolidWorks Components - DRAWINGS

• The third, and final component in SolidWorks is the Drawing.

• A drawing is the typical way to represent a 3D model such that any engineer (or manufacturer) can recreate your part.

• Drawings are important because they provide a standard way of sharing your design.


SolidWorks – Let’s Begin

• By default, no file is opened automatically when you start the program.

• To create a new file, click on File > New or click the New File icon in the main toolbar.

• This will open the New SolidWorks Document wizard.


SolidWorks Tour


SolidWorks Tour

• Let’s begin by creating a new part. To do this, click on Part, then OK

• Once you do this, you will be brought into the modeling view which should open several toolbars and panes


SolidWorks TourThere are several important

parts of the screen that needs to be identified before we continue.

First, the left side of the screen consists of several tabbed panes that provide very important information regarding your model.


SolidWorks Tour

• The first tab, called the Feature

Manager, lists all features that

have been created within your

model.

• This tab is extremely important

as it will be from here that you

select and change features once

they have been created.


SolidWorks Tour

• The second tab, called the Property Manager, allows you to adjust the properties of various entities either during construction, or once it has been created.

• Note that generally you will not need to manually change the tab on the manager window


SolidWorks Tour• The third tab is called the

Configuration Manager and is

used to set up different view

configurations such as exploded

views or 3D section views.

• Usually this will be used once

the part has been created and you

wish to set up specific

configurations for visualization.


SolidWorks Tour

• There may also be other tabs

visible in the manager window.

• Generally any time you load an

additional SolidWorks module

(such as PhotoWorks, COSMOS

Motion, COSMOS Works, etc.)

it will create a new tab in this

window.


SolidWorks Tour

• The next important feature of the interface is

the dynamic Toolbar

• The dynamic Toolbar provides access to the

most relevant, and frequently use commands in

SolidWorks


SolidWorks Tour• The last part of the interface which

should be noted is the Task Pane on the right side of the screen.

• Using the Task Pane you can view content specific tasks such as importing standard geometry, file explorer, view palette, as well as any plug-in specific information.


SolidWorks Tour• The last thing that needs to be shown is how to open the SolidWorks

tutorials.

• They can be accessed by going to Help > SolidWorks Tutorials.

• The tutorials are very helpful and cover from the most basic features to more advanced analysis and assemblies


SolidWorks Exercise

Now that we have explored the interface of

SolidWorks, lets create a simple part step-by-

step.

For now, we are only going to concern ourselves

with two types of features, Extruded

Boss/Base and Extruded Cut.


SolidWorks ExerciseWe wish to model the following part:


SolidWorks Exercise – What is Extrude?

Extrude – When you take a 2D

area and push the design out

into another dimension. A 2D

area, for example, can be made

into a 3D volume by extruding

it out a specific distance, d.

You can extrude to make a

SOLID or you can extrude to

make a CUT


SolidWorks ExerciseThere are MANY ways to EXTRUDE a surface

We could make this

rectangle and

EXTRUDE it

DOWN or UPYou could

EXTRUDE this

rectangle and pull

it to the left or rightA rectangle could

be made here on

top of the first

surface, then

extruded down to

make the cut.

This

rectangle

could be

made from

the side or

bottom and

extruded.


SolidWorks Exercise

Let’s begin by selecting

EXTRUDED Boss Base

You should notice that your tab will

change to property manager asking you

to select a plane from the view.


SolidWorks ExerciseGo ahead and select the horizontal

plane shown.

You should notice several things happen.

1. You switch to feature manager

2. You have “sketch” buttons on the

dynamic toolbar

3. You view below is shown as TOP

VIEW! You are looking down on top of


SolidWorks Exercise

Click on Rectangle. You should

see your cursor change to a

rectangle with a pencil which

means you are sketching.

Make a rectangle by

dragging the mouse from

one corner of the screen

to the other. The size

does not matter at this

point.


SolidWorks Exercise

If you hit escape, it will get you out of the rectangle TOOL and back to a normal cursor.

We need DIMENSIONS to our rectangle however.

At the bottom right of your screen you will see the

figure above. Obviously, we are in the middle of our

sketch but it also says, “Under Defined”. This means

that there are parts of the sketch that are not defined

according to location.


SolidWorks Exercise

Click the bottom right point on

the rectangle.

You should be able to move this

point around as its location is

NOT defined.

This point has degrees of freedom

and is NOT constrained.


SolidWorks Exercise

Let’s save our work!

Click on the small box next to the

far right vertical line. Notice this

box turns pink when clicked and

that it has a vertical line in it. This

means that this line is vertical

and when you click on it you can

move it left or right. The vertical

lines can thus be moved up or

down.


Press the DELETE button, then

click on the top right point.

Notice the line is not defined as

a vertical line anymore and the

degrees of freedom are

extended.

The horizontal line still moves

up or down, but notice the

vertical line can be moved in any

direction as you deleted the

relationship.


SolidWorks Exercise

You can add relations by clicking

on a line, turns green.

Line properties will appear and

you can click on the

VERTICAL button on the

ADD RELATIONS windows

to constrain the line to just the

vertical direction.


SolidWorks Exercise

• To ZOOM you can use the mouse wheel or hit

the Shift button and move mouse

• To PAN you use the Ctrl button and move

mouse

• To fit a picture to a window simply press the

“f” letter key on the keyboard to FIT.


SolidWorks ExerciseNow we want to add specific dimensions to

our drawing. Choose SMART DIMENSION on the dynamic toolbar.

Click the bottom horizontal

line of our rectangle and

drag the dimension down.

You can change the length of the line by using the slider bar

or you can simply enter in 4 m in the box shown. Enter the

value 4 then click the green check. Since the box is way too

big, press “f” on the keyboard to fit. Then drag down the

dimension so that you can see it after hitting escape.


SolidWorks Exercise

Now using Smart Dimension

again lets dimension the left

vertical line. You may need to

zoom or pan to view the line to

click on.

Modify the Length to be 2 units

as shown in the original

drawing.


SolidWorks Exercise

Hit Escape, then “f” to fit.

You should see a 2 x 4

rectangle.

If you click the top right corner, you see

you can move the entire rectangle. The

“entire” drawing has yet to be defined in

terms of its location relative to the

plane,


SolidWorks ExerciseTo make the drawing fixed in the

plane we can make one point coincident with the origin. Choose the top left point.

Press CTRL, then select the origin.

You will notice that under selected

entries you have TWO items chosen.

Under ADD RELATIONS you see

“Coincident”. Choose this button and

you will see the origin move to that

point.


SolidWorks Exercise

Choose ok (green check). You should see all of the lines

turn black.

Click in the top right

corner to EXIT the

SKETCH.


SolidWorks Exercise

When you exit the sketch

you should see your

dimensions and sketch in

the plan you choose. An

arrow will be located in

the middle of your sketch.

Click on the arrow and

move upward.


SolidWorks Exercise

As you drag it upward you

should see the volume

like structure shown.

You can also EXTRUDE the

shape down.


SolidWorks Exercise

Drag the surface upward and release to select a volume. Under the properties manager we see several DIRECTIONS we can take this surface. Just choose BLIND.

The “D1” you see

means depth and

we see from our

original picture we

want a depth of 1.

So enter 1, then

click OK.


SolidWorks Exercise

We now have our first

SOLID piece.

You should also notice we

have a ton of new features

available as well.


SolidWorks ExerciseSolidworks is a PARAMETRIC design tool, meaning the edges are

always driven by dimensions. So it is very important that your drawing be fully defined. Notice under features manager EXTRUDE now appears on the list. Double click on this or expand. You now see the design in terms of its dimensions.


SolidWorks ExerciseClick on the width dimension and

change the value from 2 to 3.

Then click OK. Then click

exit in the properties manager

window. What happened?

Notice the STOPLIGHT icon next to

our sketch under features manager.

What this means is that we have

CHANGED the design but we have

yet to REGENERATE the part.


SolidWorks ExerciseUp on the dynamic toolbar

you will see another “stoplight” icon, but this time it is a button. If you click this button it will REBUILD your part according to the changes you made.

Notice the changes in your part.

Go ahead and make

changes to the other

dimensions and rebuild to

see the effect.

THEN CHANGE THE

DIMENSIONS BACK TO

THE ORIGINAL

DIMENSIONS of 4x2x1.


SolidWorks Exercise

Lets go ahead and

make this cut!

To do this, we need to use what is called an EXTRUDED CUT.


SolidWorks Exercise

Click extruded cut and

notice what it is asking us

in the properties manager

tab.

We want to select

planar face which is

the top surface as

shown.


SolidWorks ExerciseClick on that top surface. What

happened? We are sketching on top of the plane but unfortunately we are not LOOKING at the plane itself. At the bottom left you see the VIEW selection. Trimetric is chosen now, but if you click the arrow beside it other options become available.

Click the NORMAL TO view.


SolidWorks ExerciseYou should see now that you

are looking directly

DOWN at the plane.

Click the rectangle button at

the top and draw a rectangle

of ANY SIZE within the

surface of your plane.


SolidWorks ExerciseIf you hit escape, you see that the

rectangle is certainly UNDER DEFINED just as our last one was. So lets go ahead an DIMENSION the rectangle using our given figure.

When you are finished you basically have a rectangle than you can freely move within the planar surface.


SolidWorks Exercise

Lets define the location of

the rectangle. Click on the

bottom left point and

press the CTRL button to

select MULTIPLE entries.

Click on the bottom

horizontal line.


SolidWorks ExerciseUnder properties manager notice the entries selected in pink. Choose

coincident under ADD RELATIONS.

Notice your point is now coincident with the

bottom surface. Click OK in the properties

manager window. Notice that your horizontal

lines are black meaning they are fully

defined. Try dragging the box


SolidWorks Exercise

Clink on smart dimension

and choose the right

vertical line of our smaller

rectangle then click on the

vertical line of our planar

surface edge. Then

modify the distance to

1.50 Notice we see FULLY

DEFINED at the bottom of our

screen and that all of our lines

are black meaning NO freedom

of movement.


SolidWorks ExerciseClick OK in properties

manager then EXIT

sketch in the top right.

The view will not be seen

from the point of view we

can extrude so choose a

different view from

below. Choose

ISOMETRIC.


SolidWorks ExerciseFrom the property manager window

under Cut-Extrude we can choose a direction. Choose THROUGH ALL as we want our cut to go all the way through. Then click OK. You should see the complete cut.

Click and hold the mouse. You should be able to ROTATE the

part in 3D space.


SolidWorks ExerciseSuppose we change the ORIGINAL

dimension of the planar surface length from 4m to 6m.In feature manager, click on the original extrude and then modify the length dimension to 6m. Then regenerate the part. You should see that the CUT is fixed at 1.5 m from the right edge.

So the big question is ….WAS THIS DESIGN INTENT?

Did we really want this 1.5 m from the right or did we want the cut to be CENTERED?


SolidWorks ExerciseEXIT your sketch then change your view

to isometric. In properties manager, use BLIND for the direction and change the height(D1) to be 1.50 according to our original drawing. Choose select to see the finished part.


SolidWorks ExerciseTo establish DESIGN

INTENT, change the

original length dimension

from 4 to 6m. Then

rebuild the part. You

should see the top part

remain centered and the

cut 1.5 m from the right

edge.


SOLIDWORKS

Revolutions, Fillets, &

ChamfersIntroduction to Robotics


SolidWorks Review

• Recall that in the last lesson we started

building basic parts in SolidWorks using only

extruded solids (boss/base) and extruded cuts.

• This lesson we will be learning about three

new features that are typically used for

modeling basic parts.


Revolutions

• The first feature that we are going to look at is

the revolution.

• Revolutions can either be used to add material

(Revolved Boss/Base) or remove material

(Revolved Cut), either way the mechanisms

are the same.


Revolutions

The basic idea is that a revolution takes a closed cross

section and revolves about some axis of revolution to

produce a solid object:


RevolutionsAlthough there are certainly cases where you can only

produce a particular geometry using revolutions,

oftentimes geometry can be produced by using either

revolutions or extrudes.


Revolutions

• So, if there are so many different ways to build a

particular geometry…how do we decide what the correct

one is?

• Although there is no right answer (there are definitely

wrong ways to model something), it is always important

to consider the one that:

– Provides the proper representation of your part

– Uses the least number of features


Revolutions

For example, say you wanted to model the

simple part that we have been looking at so

far: As 2 extrudes we would create:


Revolutions

• Now, what would happen if we wanted to change the

diameter of the cut hole?

• We would either need to change it in both of our

extrudes…or we would need to have set up the proper

relationships so that it would be automatically changed

for both.

• The problem is to change the diameter of one feature, we

need to change 2 dimensions


RevolutionsWhat about if we used revolutions?

Here we draw one cross

section, and we can easily

change the primary features by

controlling only one dimension.


Revolutions ExerciseLet’s begin by opening

SOLIDWORKS and making a NEW PART. Let’s choose REVOLVED BOSS/BASE from the dynamic toolbar.

Under properties manager

you will be asked to chose a

plane.


Revolutions ExerciseChoose the FRONT

PLANE.

As soon as you click on it, it

will rotate the plane so

that you can view looking

into the plane.

Begin by drawing a rectangle. Once

drawn ( size doesn’t matter yet) hit

escape to exit the rectangle tool.


Revolutions ExerciseYou should now see the properties manager for REVOLVE and

a green rectangle. The dashed line in properties manager is called the axis of rotation of which it is looking for one. So lets click the left vertical line to see what happens.


Revolutions ExerciseSo now you should see a

cylinder with the chosen

line as the axis of rotation.

Go ahead and hit OK to

accept this cylinder.

But let’s say we want to CHANGE our sketch.


Revolutions ExerciseIn the features tab, expand

the REVOLVE selection

and click sketch.

Then RIGHT

CLICK on sketch

and choose

EDIT SKETCH.


Revolutions ExerciseYou will see your basic sketch so

then change the view to

normal view.

The view now

allows us to look

at the front face of

our sketch.


Revolutions ExerciseIn our original picture, we

saw a line(axis) outside of our shape. We call this a center line. The center line button is located on the dynamic toolbar. Click it and then draw a normal line starting at the origin parallel to your sketch upward. Then hit escape. Then Exit sketch.


Revolutions ExerciseWhat happened? Nothing!

Because we need to tell

Solidworks to USE the

centerline as our axis for

revolve.

Whereas before we right-clicked

on the sketch in features

manager to edit the sketch.

Here we simply right click on

REVOLVE and CHOOSE

EDIT FEATURE.


Revolutions ExerciseSo you can see that once you edit

the feature that the object still rotates around the left vertical line of the rectangle we just drew. Our centerline is visible, but the object does not rotate around it.

In the properties manager, click on

the axis box highlighted in pink

where you see that the current axis

is line 2. We want to change this to

the center line. So after clicking in

the box, click on the center line.

Then exit the sketch.


Revolutions Exercise

We now see the changes

evident in making the

object rotate around a

center line.

NOTE: If we had drawn

the center line FIRST,

Solidworks would have

automatically chosen the

centerline as the axis of

revolution as it assumes

that is what we want to do.


Fillets and Chamfers

• Fillets and Chamfers are finishing features that

are used to smooth or corner sharp edges on

your part.

• As a rule of thumb, these types of finishing

techniques should always be the last features

that you apply to your model



Fillets and Chamfers are

PART BASED features

whereas EXTRUDE and

REVOLVE are SKETCH

BASED features.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseClick on fillet. You should see that it is

asking you to select an EDGE. Lets click the top face.

You should see a yellow wire frame and if you don’t, select

FULL PREVIEW from the properties manager.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseAs you can see, you get a preview

of what it is going to do. Click

on the inside hole edge. You

should see the yellow wire

frame there as well. Click,

EXIT SKETCH. You get a

nice rounded edge.

Chamfers as

well give you

nice part

features. Click

Chamfer, then

select the

bottom edge of

your part.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseThere are 2 different ways to

define a Chamfer.

You can define

by using an

ANGLE or a

specific

DISTANCE.

Lets do a chamfer on the

inside hole too. Choose

distance-distance then

check the equal distance

box. Then Click OK.


Fillets and Chamfers Exercise

You should now see the part

with beveled outside and

inside edges.



• As you can see, adding fillets and chamfers to models is a

very straightforward process.

• Oftentimes applying these types of features will reveal

problems with your modeling practice (because of poor

edge mating, tolerances, etc).

• This is why we try to always place these features on the

model last.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseLets use what we have learned to model the following part:

What is the BEST way to

model this part with the

LEAST amount of

features?Extrudes? Revolve?


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseLet’s save our current part. Then exit out. Click

NEW, choose Part, then OK. Now careful inspection of our design we see that we are possibly NOT using meters as a unit. Let’s change the units to millimeters.

Start by right clicking on the “PART” name in the feature manager and choose DOCUMENT PROPERTIES.

A window will open and you

should see the DOCUMENT

PROPERTIES tab. In the left

pane, find UNITS.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseYou should notice that after

you click UNITS that we are

in the MKS system of

measurement using meters,

kilograms, and seconds.

Let’s change that to the

MMGS system to that we

can design our part in

millimeters. Click OK at the

bottom to finish.

NOTE: If you design a part

using meters originally and

it is 1 x 1 x 1 meters, then

change the units to

millimeters the dimensions

WILL CHANGE to

1000x1000x1000 mm.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseLet’s start by choosing the

REVOLVE boss/base, then choose the front planar surface.

Once again, the part will

rotate around to give you

a front view.

Let’s begin by just

drawing the “general

shape”. Click on the LINE

button at the top.



Using the line drawing feature,

sketch out the basic shape

which appears to be a stair step

design as shown. Try to sketch

within the ballpark of the

length you are suppose to

model.

Also, apply a centerline upwards

from the origin.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseClick on the centerline, then under property

manager check the box that says INFINITE LENGTH.

One problem

is that our

sketch is not

fully defined

and our

centerline can

be moved

around. We

need to fix the

centerline on

to the origin.

Click the

centerline,


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseYou should notice your centerline is black meaning it is fully defined.

Now let’s define the bottom part of our sketch. Click the bottom left

corner, press CTRL, click on the origin, then in property manager

choose “horizontal” and they will line up.

We are now ready to dimension our sketch. Choose SMART DIMENSION.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseDimension each of the heights as

shown in our original sketch.

We then start to dimension

the widths. Now it may seem

tedious to dimension each

individual width, divide by 2 ,

and try to consider the

distance from the centerline.

The fact is that you don’t have

to do all of that.

Solidworks knows you are

revolving around the

centerline and will be using a


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseSet the diameter to 60. You

may notice some overlap

with the far left vertical

line and that is because

we have yet to dimension

it to the centerline.

Dimension that line with a

diameter of 20 as shown.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseComplete the rest of the

dimensioning. Keep in

mind you dimension the

vertical lines to the

centerline, then move past

to make a diameter setting.

Once finished you will see

you are FULLY DEFINED

at the bottom.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseExit the sketch and notice

that it automatically

revolves the sketch for

you around the centerline.

Click OK in property

manager and the final part

will be shown.



If you click on the feature,

you should notice it

automatically draws the

diameters in for you. You

can click to drag them out

to see them


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseNow we are ready to apply the fillets.

Notice that all fillets are to have a radius of 6, which is a global setting unless otherwise noted, which we see is noted as 8 for the top face.

Choose FILLET on the toolbar

and set your radius to 8.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseAll we need to do is click on the

top edge. Then click on OK in properties manager to finish the fillet.



Now for the inside fillets of radius 6. These can be done together by clicking BOTH inside surfaces. Choose OK in property manager to finish.


Fillets and Chamfers ExerciseLastly we need to Chamfer. Click chamfer.

In our original drawing they wanted 6x6

chamfers, which are distance-distance

parameters. Since they are equal make

sure EQUAL distance is checked then

set the distance to 6.



Select the top 2 edges, then

EXIT SKETCH to view

the finished part.


Solidworks

Assembly Basics and Toolbox



Solidworks

• We have now completed the basic features of part

modeling and it is now time to begin constructing more

complex models in the form of assemblies.

• Recall that an assembly is a collection of parts that are

connected using mates or constraints.

• Before we work in the program, lets first discuss the

different types of mates…


Mates

There are 5 standard mates that can be used to construct an assembly model.

The first is coincident, which defines coincidence between two entities:

– Point-Point : They must lie on top of each other

– Point-Line : The point must lie on the line

– Point-Plane : The point must lie on the plane

– Plane-Plane : The planes must be the same

–etc…


Mates

• The next mate is parallel

– Line-Line : the two lines must be parallel in 3D space

– Plane-Plane : the two planes must be parallel (not the same

as coincident)

• Perpendicular mate

– Line-Plane : the line must be normal to the plane

– Plane-Plane : the two planes must be perpindicular to each

other


Mates• Tangent mate

– Cylindrical Surface-Plane : the plane must be tangent to

the circular surface

– Cylindrical Surface-Cylindrical Surface : the two cylinders

must be tangent to each other

• Concentric mate

– This is used with two cylindrical surfaces to restrain that

their respective axes of revolutions must be coincident

(example: placing a bolt into a hole)


Assemblies

• Using the basic mates we can construct most assemblies with static configurations.

• For the remainder of this session we are going to create the necessary parts for a simple clamp so that we may then go step by step through the process of creating your first assembly in SolidWorks.

• Along the way we are going to look at a few new modeling techniques that may come in handy as you use SolidWorks.


Solidworks ExerciseUpon inspection of the

design we see we

have what is called

FOUR CALLS.

1. One upper saddle

2. One lower saddle

3. 2 Hex socket head

screws

4. 1 standard hex nut

Notice that there are

no dimensions on

the hex nut. This

means that it is a


Solidworks ExerciseClick on NEW PART. Right click on the

part in feature manager to choose DOCUMENT PROPERTIES. Change the units to MMPS so that we can model in millimeters.

Lets model the front face of the upper saddle. Choose Extruded Boss/Base the choose the front plane. Switch to normal view if needed.

Use LINE to start drawing the basic shape. Start to the left of the origin so that our origin appears in the center of our sketch. Once we get to the ARC choose 3 POINT ARC.

When making the arc, click on the 2 level points first, then

the 3rd point being the top of the arc. Use LINE to finish

the sketch.


Solidworks ExerciseLets dimension the 2 sides of the

rectangle and the arc.

As you dimension keep in mind that your sketch may become odd and that is because certain lines are NOT fully defined. Try to get your sketch to look like the one shown.

Once finished APPLY a coincident relation by using CTRL to the center of the ARC and the ORIGIN.


Solidworks ExerciseSince our part is not fully defined we

need to add more relations. We

need to apply a HORIZONTAL

relation to the one of the lower left

points and the origin. Use CTRL to

do this.

Need a horizontal relation

To define the sides of the rectangle, use CTRL to select the

2 lower horizontal lines and add the EQUAL relation to

them.


Solidworks ExerciseExit the sketch and switch to isometric view.

But instead of doing a Blind Extrude lets

make sure our origin is at the line of

symmetry so choose extrude to

MIDPLANE from the direction box. Enter

32 for the depth.


Solidworks ExerciseClick EXIT sketch and you see

we have our base.

According to our design we need a 10 mm hole all the way through and a counter bore 14 mm in diameter and 10 mm deep.

If you click on the RIGHT PLANE in feature manager you can see we have a plane of symmetry since we made our origin coincident with the center of our part.


Solidworks ExerciseClick on extruded cut, choose top

surface and change view to normal to. Draw a circle on the surface.

Dimension the circle according

to the design with its diameter

being 10 mm.

Exit the sketch, switch view to

isometric, and choose

THROUGH ALL in property

manager to extrude the cut all

the way down.


Solidworks ExerciseTo add the counter bore, we choose

extruded cut, change view to normal to. We want to add another circle with the SAME origin as our first. At the top choose VIEW, then choose temporary axis.

Dimension the second circle to 14 mm.

Exit the sketch and extrude the second cut down 10 mm as shown.


Solidworks ExerciseClicking OK in property manager will finish

the counter bore. Rotate to see the effect.

To begin the MIRROR process, click BOTH extruded cuts

by using CTRL. Then click MIRROR. EXPAND the part

showing in the design window ( NOT FEATURE

MANAGER) and choose RIGHT PLANE.


Solidworks ExerciseClick, exit sketch, to see the mirror

result.

Save this part as UPPER SADDLE in a directory called SOLIDWORKS>>Parts in your my DOCUMENTS folder.

Now lets build the lower saddle. Choose:

• New part

• Check to see if Units are in mm

• Extruded Boss base

• Front Plane

• Sketch using lines and 3 point arc

• Dimension


Solidworks Exercise

Exit sketch. Do the same as the

upper saddle. Choose a

MIDPLANE extrusion to 32

mm.

Choose extruded CUT and the

top right plane. Change

view to normal. Draw a

circle and dimension it

accordingly.


Solidworks ExerciseExit sketch and extrude once again as

THROUGH ALL. To mirror, click on the cut in feature manager. Choose MIRROR then expand the part in the design field. Choose right plane then exit sketch to produce the final lower saddle.


Solidworks ExerciseSave this part as LOWER SADDLE in same location as upper

saddle.

Now we need to model the socket head screw. Choose NEW PART. Change units to mm. Choose extruded boss base then choose top plane and change your view to normal.

Draw a CIRCLE at the origin and dimension the diameter to 8 mm. Exit sketch and extrude to 46 mm(54 – 8)[see sketch]


Solidworks Exercise

For the top part of the screw,

choose extruded boss

base, then top surface.

Switch view to normal

and draw a circle from the

same origin. Dimension

the diameter to 13 mm.

then Exit sketch.


Solidworks ExerciseExtrude this feature to 8 mm. Exit sketch.

Now lets add an interesting feature. Choose TOOLS at the top , then sketch entities, then POLYGON.

Since this is

a HEXAGON

we want 6

sides with a 6

mm inscribed

circle

diameter.


Solidworks ExerciseClick ok in property manager,

then dimension the inscribed circle to 6 mm.

To fully define the hexagon choose the right point and the origin and add a HORIZONTAL relation using CTRL.

Exit the sketch and extrude the hexagon cut to 5 mm so that a hex key can be used to screw this bolt.


Solidworks ExerciseNow lets chamfer the edges

of the bolt. Choose chamfer, then click distance-distance, equal distance, and enter 1 mm.

Chamfer BOTH the top edge of the screw and the very BOTTOM of the screw. Click OK.

Save part as HEX SOCKET SCREW!


Solidworks ExerciseNow lets use the toolbox to get the nut for the hex

bolt. Choose DESIGN LIBRARY from the right side toolbar.

If there appears to be no way that

the toolbox can be expanded, that

is because the ADD IN isn’t

loaded. Go to TOOLS then ADD

INS. Check TOOLBOX and

TOOLBOX Browser


Solidworks ExerciseOnce you can expand the toolbox,

choose ANSI Metric. In the browser, find the folder NUTS, then HEX NUTS, then choose the HEX JAM NUT. Right click on the NUT and choose CREATE PART.


Solidworks ExerciseThe part will then load and in property manager select the size to be

M8.

Change file

name in

properties to

Hex Jam

Nut

M8x1.25.


Solidworks Exercise

As you can see, everything

is done for you. Save this

part in you’re my

documents folder. At the

top, choose WINDOW

then load your upper

saddle.

At the top, click the

ASSEMBLY button.


Solidworks ExerciseOnce you click Assembly, you

should notice the parts you recently created in property manager.

Click on the upper saddle, then hit enter. It will place the upper saddle in the design field and you will notice that it is called ASSEMBLY in feature manager.

Save this assembly as a SHAFT CLAMP in you’re my documents folder.


Solidworks ExerciseYou will notice an “f” next to your

first part in feature manager. That means the part is “fixed”.

To add another part, click INSERT COMPONENT on the toolbar.

Click the part you want and you should see you can place it anywhere in the design field. Click on lower saddle and place it below the upper saddle. Then insert 2 screws and 2 nuts


Solidworks Exercise


Solidworks ExerciseSo the way we put them together

is by using MATE. Click on MATE at the top.

Choose the right TOP of

the lower saddle, then

rotate your view and

choose the BOTTOM right

of the top saddle.It will automatically give them

a COINCIDENT and

ALIGNED relation. So click

OK.


Solidworks ExerciseChange your view to right side. If you click

on the lower saddle you should discover that you can only move the it left or right.

Switch back to isometric view. Click on MATE again and

choose the FRONT Surface of BOTH saddles. Click OK

in feature manager. Choose MATE once more and

select the RIGHT SIDES of each

saddle.


Solidworks ExerciseYou can tell the saddle are FULLY

MATED when they DO NOT have a

“minus” sign next to them in feature

manager. Notice the top saddle has the

“f” for fixed an the other saddle has no

minus sign. The other parts have the

minus as they are NOT mated and can

be still moved around.

Choose MATE.

Above your design, choose VIEW TEMPORARY AXES

Click on the axis of one bolt as well

as the axis of one bore. This will

make them COINCIDENT. Click OK.

Do the same for the other bolt. Make

sure you click OK after each mate

used.


Solidworks Exercise

Choose MATE. Click on the

side underneath the bolt head.

Then click on the ledge INSIDE

the bore. Do the same for the

other bolt as well.

Finish the assembly by mating the nut to each

axis, then one side of the nut to the underbelly

of the lower saddle.


Solidworks Exercise

Now we should have a

fully assembled shaft

clamp. You should

notice that the bolts and

nuts STILL have a

minus next to them in

feature manager. This

is ok as they are free to

ROTATE. SAVE YOUR

WORK!


Solidworks

Assembly & Part Drawings



Mechanical Drawings

So far we have been dealing with creating parts and assemblies in SolidWorks, however, when you go to get a part machined, you will need to create a mechanical drawing of each of your parts (and assemblies).

Mechanical drawings are important because they allow those who are technically trained to reconstruct your 3D geometry from 2D drawings.


Drawings in Solidworks

Fortunately, SolidWorks makes it very easy for

us to create drawings from a part or assembly

file.

In fact, if built properly, SolidWorks will also

dimension the entire part and assembly for

us…something that saves a lot of time!


Drawings in SolidworksRather than start a new part from scratch, lets open the same assembly

that we have been using for the past several lectures:


Drawings in SolidworksOnce we open the assembly, we can click on the

following button which will automatically

create a drawing file from our assembly:


Drawing Format

At first you see several different formats that are set up for you. Choose A-Landscape.



However, before we can begin placing views, it

is important to set our projection style to Third

Angle (in order to have the projections behave

as we expect)

To do this, right click anywhere on the sheet and

click on Properties (or you can right click on

the sheet in the Feature Manager)


Drawings in SolidworksThis will open the Sheet Properties window:


Drawings in SolidworksOpen up the palette on the RIGHT side

menu

Click and HOLD the view you want and

drag it into the drawing field.

Choose the ISOMETRIC view and drag

it to the drawing field.



Once you have placed a view into the drawing field you can access any type of annotations by either clicking on the appropriate button on the dynamic toolbar or RIGHT clicking on the design.


Drawings in SolidworksLet’s add a bill of materials. Right

click on design, choose

TABLES, then bill of

materials. Property Manager

will open, click OK

Now click the design, then AUTOBALLOON on the toolbar.

Click OK in property manager.


Drawings in SolidworksNow add a FRONT VIEW

from the palette and click

OK in property manager.

Then click the design and

then AUTOBALLOON

again.

You will notice the #4 part is

now being shown.



Using SolidWorks to create the drawing for your

assemblies can save a lot of time, however, the

real power is when you go to create a drawing

for a specific part.

So, we can do this by creating a new sheet within

the drawing file and linking to one of our part

files.


Drawings in SolidworksRight click on the SHEET 1 tab to

add a new sheet.

Unfortunately, only the assembly

file is shown in the palette. Click the

box with the 3 dots to browse for

the upper saddle. Choose the

upper saddle from the screen and

click OPEN. The upper saddle

views will then appear in the palette

for you to choose from.



Choose the FRONT view,

the click, then move

UPWARD. Another

VIEW will appear, click.

Then move right, another

view will appear, click,

then move it another

direction so that you get a

3D orthogonal view plus

isometric. If you click the FRONT

VIEW and drag it around,

you will notice the other

view move with it so that it

is aligned.


Drawings in SolidworksChange the view of the FRONT

to “hidden line” and the Isometric view to “shaded with edges”. Simply click on the design and select the change.

It would be nice to have some dimensions too. Click on the FRONT view as that is the one we used to project all the others and on the top toolbar choose MODEL ITEMS.


Drawings in SolidworksIn property manager, choose SOURCE and

select “entire model” from the menu. And also check, “import items into all views”. Click OK

The dimensions will automatically

appear, however, you may need to

shift the dimensions around for

aesthetics.


Drawings in SolidworksIf the UNITS are wrong, right click on Shaft Clamp in feature

manger and change the units to MMPS.



Now you can ADD another SHEET. Import the lower

saddle. And repeat the process.


Drawings in SolidworksRepeat for the HEW Screw. To get the projected view you may have to

RIGHT CLICK on the part, then choose DRAWING VIEWS, then Projected view.



Save this drawing!



As you can see, if properly built, SolidWorks can

construct the necessary drawing files almost

automatically.

This is another reason why it is important to

fully constrain your sketches when you are

modeling your parts, if you dimension them

properly, SolidWorks will be able to import

your dimensions directly into your drawings.



Lets make a new part. Start

by choosing extruded

boss/base from the TOP

PLANE. Make a rectangle

and dimension it 0.10 x

0.05.

Exit sketch and extrude to

0.04



Do an EXTRUDED CUT on the

top surface. Change view to

Normal and draw a rectangle

on the entire right side.

Dimension the lower edge to

be 0.05.

Exit sketch and extrude

downward 0.02 then click OK.

Save part as block.


Drawings in SolidworksNow choose “make drawing

from part” on toolbar

above. Choose A-

Landscape. Right click,

choose properties to

change view to THIRD

ANGLE. Open the palette

and drag in the Front

View, clicking to reveal

all the other views.

You may notice that the

isometric view is too

large. Click on the

isometric design.


Drawings in SolidworksIn property manager, you can change

the scale by selecting CUSTOM

SCALE and choosing the scale you

want from the menu. Choose 1:2


Drawings in SolidworksChange the isometric view to

shaded with edges and add the

MODEL ITEMS to reveal the

dimensions.

Let’s say we want to change the

width of the cut!

Before we doing anything, save

the drawing.



Change your window back

to the part and double

click on the cut part to

revel the dimensions.

Change the width to 0.07.

Click OK, then RE-BUILD



Change your window back to the drawing. Notice the changes are already fixed.

Let’s make a change on the drawing now. Change the cut depth to 0.03 by clicking on the dimension in the drawing. Click RE-BUILD


Drawings in SolidworksChange the window back to the

part. Notice the changes. Solidworks uses REFERENCES whereas other 3D CAD programs do not.

Lets add a hold to the top surface. Choose Extruded CUT. Draw a circle with a diameter of 0.02 and 0.03 from each edge. Be sure o change your views.



Change the window back to

the drawing and you will

discover the hole there. If

you go through the ADD

MODEL ITEMS

procedure again, it will

add the additional missing

dimensions you just

added.

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