CCABANISS, Monroe County. A community locatedeight miles northeast of Forsyth, named for JudgeE.G. Cabaniss of Forsyth. It was previously calledGULLETTSVILLE (q.v.). See also Oglethorpe,Macon County.

CADWELL , Laurens County. Incorporated as atown August 22, 1907. Land for the town wasdonated by Mrs. Rebecca L. Cadwell , and it wasnamed for her first husband, Matthew Cadwell.The place is 17 miles southwest of Dublin.

CAHELEE CREEK, Early County. Arises westof Blakely and flows southwestward into theChattahoochee River. The name was altered fromthe previous COHELEE (q.v.).

CAINS, Gwinnett County. Also called HOGMOUNTAIN (q.v.). Named for the John Cain storeand post off ice.

CAIRO, CS Grady County. Pronounced "Cay-roe."Originally called MILLER'S STATION (q.v.).Incorporated as a town October 28, 1870, anddesignated the county seat when Grady Countywas formed in 1905. The Atlantic and Gulf Railroadcame through this site in 1859 and Rail road StationNo. 20, called Cairo, was opened October 10, 1867.It took the name of an old post off ice in the areawhich was believed named for the city in Egypt.This has become the center of the syrup trade inGeorgia.

CALAMIT, Barrow County. An old settlementon the Okoloco Trail (q.v.), 3 1/2 miles southeastof Winder. It means "place of rest," and was sonamed because of a huge chestnut tree hereproviding shade and shelter.

CALHOUN, CS Gordon County. "Cherokee IndianCapital" Named for Senator John Calhoun (seeCalhoun County) in 1850 and incorporated as atown January 12, 1852. It was previously namedDAWSONVILLE for a Mr. Dawson who owneda general store here in early times. Before this theIndians called their town here, OOTHCALOGA(see Oothcalooga), USTANALI (q.v.), and NEWECHOTA (q.v.).

CALHOUN COUNTY. Created February 20, 1854with 289 square miles taken from Baker and Earlycounties. Named for the famous statesman fromSouth Carolina, Senator John Caldwell Calhoun(1782-1850), noted orator and leader in the Southernfight for slavery and states' rights. He was U.S. vicepresident 1825-32. (see also Calhoun Mine). Thecounty seat is Morgan (q.v.). The court house wasdestroyed by fires in 1888 and 1920.

CALHOUN DAM, Lumpkin County. Also namedfor Senator Calhoun (see Calhoun County), it waslocated about two miles south of Dahlonega on theChestatee River.

CALHOUN MINE, Lumpkin County. Locatedsouth of Dahlonega, it was named after SenatorJohn Calhoun (see Calhoun County) after he hadpurchased this mine, which is where deer-hunterBenjamin Parks first discovered gold in 1828. Thesenator took almost $1,000 worth of gold from themine daily. See also Auraria.

CALHOUN'S FERRY. Crawford County. Namedfor Samuel Calhoun, who was authorized to, at onetime, operate a ferry across the Flint River.

CALLAWAY GARDENS, Pine Mountain. Thispark comprises 2,500 acres on the northern slopesof Pine Mountain in Harris County, and was openedto the publi c in 1952. Was developed by CasonJ. Callaway of LaGrange, and named in honor ofhis mother, Ida Cason Callaway. He was the sonof Fuller E. Callaway, founder of Callaway Mill sof LaGrange, and the father of Howard Holli s "Bo"Callaway, U.S. Congressman (1965-1967), nowpresident of Callaway Gardens Corporation, andappointed Secretary of the Army in 1973. A newfeature here is the $5 milli on Cecil B. Day ButterflyCenter.

CALL ICO CORNER(S), Coweta County. Settledbefore 1840. The name was believed to be attributedto the early residents here named Colley. On June1, 1852 this community became GRANTVILLE(q.v.).

CAMAC'S ROCK, Dade County. Located nearNickojack Creek on the summit of RackoonMountain. It indicated what at one time wasdetermined to be the northwest corner of the state.Named after James Camac, mathematician, whohelped locate this exact site in 1818. See alsoElli cott's Rock Wilderness.

CAMAK, Warren County. Incorporated as a townDecember 22, 1898. Named for James Camak of

Camden County 32 Georgia Place-Names

Athens, newspaper editor and first president of theGeorgia Rail road.

CAMDEN COUNTY, Created February 5, 1777with 656 square miles acquired by Creek cessionsof November 10, 1763 and November 12, 1785.An original county previously organized in 1765as the parishes of Saint Thomas and Saint Mary.Named for Sir Charles Pratt, Earl of Camden (1714-1794), English jurist who opposed the Englishministry's attitude towards the colonies. He waschief justice and lord chancellor of England. Thecounty seat is Woodbine (q.v.).

CAMELOT, Clayton County. A suburban areanear Jonesboro. In Briti sh fable, Camelot was thelegendary place where King Arthur held his court.

CAMERON MILLS, Telfair County. In 1882,records show that postmaster J.W. Cameron owneda grist mill here. The community here is now calledCOBBVILLE (q.v.).

CAMILLA, CS Mitchell County. "The Hub City"Incorporated as a town December 14, 1858 whenthis was established as the county seat. Named byDavid B. Lewis of Hancock County, for Camill aMitchell , the daughter of Governor David B.Mitchell (see Mitchell County), when she was 19.She later married a Mr. Groves of Marietta. Dr.W. C. Cox built the first post off ice here in 1859.

CAMPBELL COUNTY. Created December 20,1828 from Carroll , Coweta, DeKalb, and FayetteCounties. The county seat was Campbellton (q.v.)and then Fairburn (q.v.). Campbell County wasmerged into Fulton County January 1, 1932. It wasnamed in honor of Colonel Duncan G. Campbell(1787-1828), a noted Georgia lawyer, who wasa member of the legislature, a commissioner to theIndians, and a strong advocate of the highereducation of women.

CAMPBELLTON, Fulton County. Settled in 1829and incorporated December 3, 1829 to July 1, 1995.This was the original county seat of CampbellCounty (q.v.), located nine miles northwest ofFairburn. It was named for Georgia statesmanColonel Duncan G. Campbell by Frank Irwin, who

owned the land on a hill overlooking the Chattahooc-hee River where the town was established. Afterthe rail roads by-passed the town, the court housewas moved to Fairburn (by 1870), and eventuallythis became a ghost town.

CAMP BRANCH. This stream rises in WareCounty and flows southward to enter the SuwanneeRiver in Charlton County. Thought to have beennamed by the survey party who made camp nearthe stream.

CAMP CORNELIA, Charlton County. A siteat the eastern entrance of the Okefenokee Swamp.Named by Captain Henry Jackson for his daughter,Cornelia. See also Jackson's Folly.

CAMP CRAWFORD, Decatur County. See FortScott.

CAMP CREEK, Union County. This oldcommunity derived its name from the fact that itwas located on Camp and Dooley Creeks, twelvemiles northwest of Blairsvill e.

CAMP EATON, Forsyth County. Earlier nameof CAMP GILMER (q.v.). Senator John Henry Eaton(1790-1856) was Secretary of War (1829-31).

CAMP GILMER, Forsyth County. Named forGeorge Gilmer (see Gilmer County). The originalname was CAMP EATON when first constructedby U.S. troops in 1829. Was located at the presentcommunity of Hightower.

CAMP GORDON, Augusta. Named for JohnBrown Gordon (1832-1904), who was a lieutenantgeneral in the Civil War, and governor of Georgiafrom 1887 to 1890. The name of the post waschanged to FORT GORDON in 1956 when thisbecame a permanent army post. See also Camp JohnB. Gordon.

CAMP HARRIS, Macon. Established oppositeCrumps Park in 1917 as a tent camp for troopmobili zation for the Mexican border conflict. Wascommanded by Macon's General Walter A. Harris,and named by Adjutant J. Van Holt Nash in honorof Georgia's governor at that time, Nathaniel EdwinHarris (1846-1929).

CAMP JOHN B. GORDON, Chamblee.Established July 18, 1917 as a World War Icantonment, and was named in honor of GeneralJohn B. Gordon (see Camp Gordon). The campwas abandoned December 13, 1919 after whichthis section was for years known locally as CAMPGORDON. During World War II the site was used

Georgia Place-Names 33 Candler County

for the establishment of a Naval Air Base andLawson General Hospital (q.v.).

CAMP LAWTON, Jenkins County. Was locatedat Magnolia Springs, five miles north of Mill en.The camp served as a Confederate prison in 1864,where thousands of Union prisoners were confinedduring the closing months of the Civil War. Namedfor Brigadier General Alexander Robert Lawton(1818-1896), a graduate of West Point and HarvardUniversity. He was quartermaster general of theConfederate Army. He later served in both housesof the state legislature, and was appointed U.S.minister to Russia in 1887.

CAMP MCDONALD, Cobb County. Establishedby Governor Joseph E. Brown as a training campfor Confederate soldiers. Named for GovernorCharles James McDonald (1793-1860) of CobbCounty.

CAMP MILNER, Griff in. A Confederate cavalrycamp, named for Ben Milner, who was a prominentSpalding County man. The name was changed toCAMP NORTHEN (q.v.) in 1898.

CAMP NORTHEN, Griffin. Established as CAMPMILNER (q.v.) during the Civil War. Named in1898 for Georgia governor, Willi am JonathanNorthen (1835-1913), and used for a training campand mobil ization center during the Spanish-American War. Here now is the Municipal Parkof Griff in.

CAMP OGLETHORPE, Macon. Named April30, 1844 for the founder of Georgia, James EdwardOglethorpe (see Oglethorpe County). Was locatedat Seventh, Pine and Hawthorne streets, and usedto hold about 1,500 captured Union off icers fromMay 1862 to July 1864. Macon's OGLETHORPESTREET was named from the camp.

CAMP PINCKNEY, Charlton County. This formercommunity and boat landing was located on theSt. Marys River below Folkston. It was said thata Captain Pinckney camped here with troops duringthe Indian Wars. It was possibly Thomas Pinckney,son of Governor Charles Pinckney of SouthCarolina.

CAMP STEPHENS, Spalding County. Waslocated north of Griff in on McIntosh Road. Thiswas a Confederate Infantry camp, named forAlexander Stephens (see Stephens County).

CAMP STEWART, Bryan, Evans, Liberty andLong counties. Now called FORT STEWART, itwas named for General Daniel Stewart (1761-1820),

an ancestor of President Theodore Roosevelt, whofought in the Revolution and the War of 1812.General Stewart's home was Tranquil Plantationnear Riceboro.

CAMPTON, Walton County. Incorporated as atown August 23, 1905 to July 1, 1995 at the siteof Willi am F. Camp's storehouse. This ruralcommunity is located about five miles north ofMonroe at the site of Willi am F. Camp's storehouse.The post off ice was opened in 1888, and wasoriginally called CAMP'S STATION after rail roadagent, Joseph Ray Camp.

CAMP WHEELER, Bibb County. Was locatedeast of Macon at Holly Bluff , and was establishedin July 1917. It was used for training about 300,000soldiers during both world wars. After World WarI, Camp Wheeler was ordered abandoned December9, 1918, and was then rebuilt on the same site in1940-41, after which it became the nation's largestreplacement center. It was named for Major GeneralJoseph Wheeler (1835-1906) of Augusta, a notedgeneral for the Confederacy in the Civil War whoalso served the U.S. Army in the Spanish AmericanWar. General Wheeler was also a U.S. congressmanand an author. A nearby residential area of Maconis now called WHEELER HEIGHTS. There is alsoa WHEELER ROAD that runs past the site of theformer camp from Macon southeastward into TwiggsCounty. See also Wheeler County and EmeryHighway.

CAMP WRIGHT, Bibb County. Established nearMacon in early 1864 by, and named for, GeneralMarcus Joseph Wright (1831-1922), CSA.

CAMP WILL-A-WAY, Barrow County. See Will -a-Way Recreation Area.

CANDLER, Halll County. Incorporated as a townAugust 15, 1910 to July 1, 1995. Located five andone-half miles southeast of Gainesvill e on Georgiaon state route 60, this community was named forGovernor Candler as was CANDLER (Mil iti a)DISTRICT of Hall County (q.v.).

CANDLER COUNTY. Created July 14, 1914with 251 square miles taken from Bulloch, Emanuel

Cannon's Bluff 34 Georgia Place-Names

and Tattnall counties. Named in honor of GovernorAllen Daniel Candler (1834-1910), who servedin the state legislature, was Secretary of State, andgovernor of Georgia from 1898 to 1902. In the CivilWar, he lost an eye at Jonesboro. He afterwardsbecame known as the "one-eyed plow-boy fromPigeon Roost" (his being born near Pigeon Roostgold mine in Lumpkin County). He edited thevoluminous Colonial, Revolutionary, andConfederate records of the state. The county seatis Metter (q.v.). The community of CANDLER,Hall County was incorporated as a town August15, 1910 to July 1, 1995. It is located five and one-half miles southeast of Gainesvill e on Georgiahighway 60. It was also named for GovernorCandler, as was the CANDLER (Militi a) DISTRICTof Hall County.

CANNON'S BLUFF, McIntosh County. Settledabout 1805 by the Henry Cannon family.

CANON, Franklin County. The town was laid outin December 1875 by Bob Bowers and first calledWEST BOWERSVILLE. Incorporated as the townof Canon in December 1902. Earlier names wereOLD FIELD and NEWTON. See also Bowersvill e.

CANOOCHEE, Emanuel County. IncorporatedAugust 19, 1912 to July 1, 1995. This town wasnamed from that of an ancient Indian country orprovince, recorded as Canosi, of uncertain meaning.

CANOOCHEE RIVER (or CREEK). Risesin Emanuel County and flows southeastward tothe Ogeechee River in Bryan County. It may beof the same derivation as the town by this namein Emanuel County, although it has also beenthought to be from the Creek, Ikanodshi, "Gravesare There." A more li kely derivation is fromKanooche, meaning"Little Ground." Formervariations of spelli ng have been CANOUCHIE,CANOCHE and CONOOCHEE.

CANOY, Lee County. This was a later name forKENNARD'S SETTLEMENT (q.v.). The Indianscouldn't pronounce the Kennard's last name, sothey later called themselves "Canards." The nameCanoy evolved as a further variation from the samesource.

CANTON, CS Cherokee County. "The BroilerCity" Pronounced "Can'-tun." The place was firstcalled CHEROKEE COURT HOUSE when thepost off ice was established in 1832. It wasincorporated under the name of ETOWAH (q.v.)in 1833, and then changed to Canton December18, 1834 for China's great silk center. Judge JosephDonaldson brought in 100,000 silk worms and put

out many mulberry trees, hoping to develop athriving silk industry here. It has been said by somethat the name was chosen as the vill age was thoughtto be antipodal to Canton, China.

CANTON CREEK, Cherokee County. Flowswesterly to join the Etowah River at Canton, fromwhich it was named.

CAPRON, Dooly County. This former communitywas located on the Flint River twelve milesnorthwest of Vienna. Said to have been named fora Confederate war hero by the name of Capron.

CARBONDALE, Whitfield County. A communitylocated eight miles south of Dalton on the SouthernRailway. First called COVE CITY for its locationat the mouth of a cove. Later named for the rail roadcoal (carbon) stop.

CARDVILLE , Jones County. A former communityand post off ice lacated on Falli ng Creek. Namedfor a member of the Card family.

CAREY, Greene County. This is the station wherethe Georgia Rail road crosses the Oconee River,and it was named for James Carey, for many yearsan employee of the railroad. The post off ice formerlyhere was named LITCH, after a Mr. Litchfield whohad a store and no doubt was also the postmaster.

CARLIER SPRINGS, Floyd County. Named afterLouis Henry Carlier, who helped General L.J.B.LeHardy establish a Belgian colony here in 1848,which existed thirty years. It was located three mileseast of Rome, and was sometimes referred to asLeHARDY SPRINGS.

CARLT ON, Madison County. IncorporatedDecember 20, 1892. This town is known by twonames. After being established, it was found thatfreight shipments were frequently routed toCarrollton by mistake. To avoid this confusion,the railroad name of BERKELEY (q.v.) was adoptedfor the station here.

CARNEGIE, Randolph County. Settled in 1828and incorporated about 1904 to July 1, 1995. Thefirst post off ice was called GRUBBS until 1903for Andrew Jackson Grubbs. A Mr. Newtonsuggested changing the name to Carnegie hopingAndrew Carnegie would make a contribution. Thepost off ice closed in 1967.

CARNESVILLE , CS Franklin County. Designatedcounty seat November 29, 1806 and incorporatedas a vill age December 7, 1807. Named for notedjudge and congressman, Thomas Peter Carnes (1762-

Georgia Place-Names 35 Cartersvill e

1822) of Clarke County. CARNES ROAD ofAugusta was also named for Judge Carnes.

CARMEL MISSION, Gilmer County. This wasthe name of the second mission to the Indians inthe State of Georgia since the time of the Spaniards,and was named for the Carmelites, an order of theRoman Catholic Church. It was located near Talona(q.v.), where it was established from 1819 to 1839.Its main building stood for ninety-seven years, until1918.

CARROLL COUNTY. Created June 9, 1825 andDecember 11, 1826 with 495 square miles acquiredby Creek cessions of January 24, 1826, March 31,1826, and November 15, 1827. This was an originalcounty, named for Charles Carroll (1737-1832),a Maryland patriot, U.S. congressman and senator,who was a signer of the Declaration of Independ-ence. In its early history it was often called "FreeState of Carroll " because of its large size andindependent character. The county seat is CaroIlton(q.v.).

CARROLLT ON, CS Carroll County. "The FriendlyCity" The original county seat was so designatedMay 31, 1827, and was located at a site eight milesnorthwest of the present county seat. Now referredto as OLD CARROLLTON, it was first calledsimply CARROLL COURT HOUSE. The newcounty seat was authorized November 14, 1829,and at first named TROUPSVILLE (q.v.). The statelegislature met December 22, 1829 and incorporatedthe town under the name of Carrollton, after thename of Charles Carroll 's old colonial home onChesapeake Bay. LAKE CARROLL is located inthe northeast section of Carrollton.

CARR'S FORT, Glynn County. Was located 4 1/2miles northwest of Brunswick (q.v.) on the northbank of the Turtle River. Established by the Scottishgentleman, Mark Carr, when it was calledHERMITAGE PLANTATION. After its destructionby the Yamassee Indians in 1741, it was rebuiltwith the added protection of four blockhouses.

CARRS (STATION), Hancock County. Thisrail road stop is located about ten miles southwest

of Sparta. Believed named for J.D. Carr, who owneda general store here and was a rail road and expressagent.

CARRY'S SOCK ISLAND, Okefenokee Swamp.Was so named because it is in the shape of astocking.

CARTECAY, Gilmer County. This was an oldIndian settlement, and is now a rural communityabout six miles southeast of Elli jay. The name isfrom a Cherokee Indian word meaning "breadvalley." Spelli ng variations and previous nameshave been CARTECAY, CORTIKEYEH,KANTIKA, CARTIKEE, and CROSS ROAD.CARTECAY (Militi a) DISTRICT in the southeastsection of the county was named from the town.CARTECAY RIVER (or CREEK) of Gilmer Countyis located in the CARTECAY VALLEY, all withthe same variation. The river is a tributary of theCoosawattee River.

CARTER ISLAND, Baldwin County. Locatedin the Oconee River just below Lake Sinclair Dam.Named for Farish Carter (see Carters).

CARTERS, Murray County. This once activesettlement was the li ving and industrial center ofFarish Carter's vast plantation. He purchased this15,000-acre plantation about 1832 from Judge JohnMartin, treasurer of the Cherokee Nation. It wasoriginally called COOSAWATTEE, after theprominent river flowing through the plantation.He gave it the name CARTER'S QUARTERS, andit was also known as ROCK SPRING plantation.See also Cartersvill e.

CARTERS DAM, Murray County. This dam wasbuilt on the Coosawatee River by the U.S. ArmyCorps of Engineers at the vicinity of Carters (q.v.).It is the largest earth-rock dam east of the MississippiRiver, constructed from 1963 to 1975 at a cost of$106 milli on.

CARTERS LAKE, Gilmer and Murray County.This 3,200-acre lake is the reservoir on theCoosawattee River created by Carters Dam (q.v.).

CARTERSVILLE , CS Bartow County. Incorpo-rated as a town February 8, 1854, and again in 1872,after its destruction in the Civil War. Was originallycalled BIRMINGHAM by some Englishmen whosettled here in 1832. It was later changed toCartersvill e in honor of Colonel Farish Carter (1780-1861) of Mil ledgevill e (see also Scottsboro), whowas one of the wealthiest of Georgia's ante-bellumlandowners, and one of the largest slave-ownersin the state. See also Carters and Fairburn.

Case's Old Place 36 Georgia Place-Names

CASE'S OLD PLACE, Burke County. An earlysettlement which was also known as WILLIAMCASE'S OLD SETTLEMENT and CASE'S CAMP.It is believed that Willi am Case was a trespasseron Indian lands where he grazed his cattle. Thesettlement was later called BARKCAMP (q.v.).

CASEY'S (Mili tia) DISTRICT, Fulton County.Named for Hiram Casey, one of the earliest settlersof the county, and for many years justice of thepeace.

CASEY'S HILL , Atlanta. Located betweenPeachtree and Proctors creeks, near the Chatta-hoochee River. Named for John A. Casey (1820-1907) who li ved on this hill .

CASSANDRA, Walker County. A rural communitylocated nine miles northwest of LaFayette onGeorgia highway 193. Was first known asHINIARD'S CROSSROAD. A Dr. Thornbury, whowas a Methodist preacher and physician, settledhere after having crossed the Atlantic on a shipcalled Cassandra, and suggested the town be giventhis name. This name is from Greek mythology,in which Cassandra was a Trojan princess wholearned the art of prophecy from Apollo, but wasnever believed.

CASS COUNTY. Created December 3, 1832 with463 square miles taken from part of CherokeeCounty. The name was changed to BARTOWCOUNTY December 6, 1861, when it was no longerdesired to retain the name of a Yankee fromMichigan. General Lewis Cass (1782-1866) wasSecretary of War under President Jackson, laterminister to France, and the Secretary of State underPresident Buchanan.

CASSVILLE , Bartow County. Was designatedthe county seat in 1832, laid out in 1833, andincorporated as a town December 27, 1843 to July1, 1995. It was named for the county, but changedto MANASSAS (q.v.) in 1861 when the countybecame Bartow. The new name for the county seatwas recognized by the Confederate authorities, butnot by the U.S. postal off icials. The name changewas said to be the cause of the town's utterdestruction by Union forces in 1864.

CASUPPY CREEK, Wilkes County. Labeledon maps of 1784 and 1785 as CASUPPY FORKand COSUPPY FORK. This is evidently a branchof Kettle Creek in the southwest section of thecounty. The name is derived from Kosalu, an earlyname of the Savannah River.

CATATOGA. This name was given to an oldCherokee town of uncertain location, and means"New-settlement-place.

CATAULA, Harris County. Settled about 1829,the post office was opened in 1836. Located in thelower part of the county on the stream for whichit was named. Besides the town, there is also aCATAULA (Militi a) DISTRICT here.

CATAULA CREEK. Rises in Talbot County andjoins Mulberry Creek in Harris County. The nameis from the Muskogee word kitali , which means"dead (or withered) mulberry." Hawkins called thestream KETALEE.

CAT CREEK, Lowndes County. This formercommunity was established about 1858 by MitchellGriff in, and it was named for the stream on whichit was located. It was about twelve miles northeastof Valdosta. The stream rises in Berrien Countyand is a tributary of the Withlacoochee River.

CATOOSA COUNTY. Created December 5, 1853with 167 square miles taken from Walker andWhitfield counties. The name is derived from theCherokee word catoosa. This name is said to havebeen from an Indian chief who lived at CATOOSASPRINGS, four miles east of Ringgold. It also maybe from the Cherokee word gatusi, signifying "hill ,""small mountain," or "high place." Another theoryis that is from the Cherokee gatu' gitse, meaning"new settlement place." The county seat is Ringgold(q.v.).

CAUSTON(S) BLUFF, Chatham County. Namedfor Thomas Causton, General Oglethorpe's baili ffand storekeeper. Fort Bartow (q.v.) was establishedhere.

CAVE SPRING, Floyd County. Incorporated asa vill age January 22, 1852. Henry W. Grady calledthis town, "One of the most beautiful spots in allthe land." It was so named because of the bountifulspring that emanates from a cave, providing waterfor the community and for Little Cedar Creek. Cave

Georgia Place-Names 37 Center Post

Spring was the home of Chief David Vann (seeVann's Creek).

CAVETA (FORT). Built i n 1702 and named afterCAVETA, a former town of the Coweta Indians.This early settlement on the Chattahoochee Riverhad been burned to the ground by the English in1685. The exact location is unknown. See alsoCoweta County.

CAWTHON, Greene County. This rural communityis located eleven miles south of Greensboro. Thepostmaster in 1882 was J.W. Cawthon, who hada general store here, as well as a gin and grist andsaw mill s.

CECIL, Cook County. Was established on theGeorgia Southern Railway and incorporated August11, 1914. The derivation of the name is not known.

CEDAR, Jackson County. This former communitywas located midway between Braselton andPendergrass on Georgia highway 60. Its post off icewas established from March 30, 1901 to June 30,1902. This is one of the many place-names in thestate that are derived from the large number of cedartrees (genus Cedrus) in the region. Another ruralcommunity named CEDAR is located three milesnorthwest of Winder in Barrow County. Nearbyis the community of CEDAR HILL, which is atthe site of a formerly active Indian town that wascalled POGANIP, which means "cold weather."In the vicinity of these places in Barrow Countyis a stream named CEDAR CREEK which flowsinto a pond on the northwest edge of Winder.CEDAR CREEK in Clarke County is southeastof Athens, and flows into the Oconee River, whilethe CEDAR CREEK in Crisp County goes intothe Flint River. Another CEDAR CREEK risesin northeast Marion County, then runs through thesouth section of Taylor County, and entersWhitewater Creek at Ideal in Macon County. TheCEDAR CREEK which flows into the Coosa Riverin Floyd County originates in Polk County, flowingby its county seat, CEDARTOWN. This town wasincorporated and made county seat February 8, 1854and named for the numerous red cedar trees growinghere. There was once a Creek town of this namein the area. Then there is a CEDAR CREEK whichrises in northern Tattnall County and flows throughwestern Evans County to enter the Canoochee Riverabove Claxton. And a rural community calledCEDAR GROVE is near the south border of LaurensCounty. Incorporated as a town August 17, 1908to August 19, 1918. It was settled about 1890, andnamed by Cornelius Clark, as he selected this namefor a church built near some cedar trees growingin a graveyard. Another community called CEDAR

GROVE is located seven miles west of LaFayettein Walker County. Just east of Dalton in WhitfieldCounty is a rise called CEDAR RIDGE, and ineastern Union County is CEDAR MOUNTAIN,with an elevation of 4,041 feet. CEDAR SHOALSare in the Yellow River at Porterdale in NewtonCounty, and another CEDAR SHOALS in ClarkeCounty on the Oconee River gave its name to theoriginal community that later became Athens. Thecommunity of CEDAR SPRINGS in Early Countyis located fifteen miles southwest of Blakely. Itsname is derived from a group of springs which areeast of the vill age. See also Hannahatchie.

CELEOTCHEE CREEK, Talbot County. Alsospelled CELEOTH. This stream rises nearManchester and flows easterly to join Lazer Creekbefore that stream enters the Flint River. May befrom the Muskogee, okcotuh, "muskrat," and oochee,"small ," i.e. "Small Muskrat."

CEMENT, Bartow County. Incorporated October9, 1891 to July 1, 1995. Located 1 1/2 miles northof Kingston. Early postmaster George H. Waringmanufactured hydraulic cement here, and so namedthe post off ice. The population has dwindled fromabout 200 to zero.

CEMOCHECHOBEE CREEK. Rises in RandolphCounty and flows westward through Clay Countyto enter the Chattahoochee River north of Ft. Gaines.Derivation is from the Hitchiti , sarnochi, "sand,"and chobi, "big," or "Big Sandy Creek." See alsoWakafudsky.

CENCHAT, Walker County. This rural communityis located four miles northwest of Chickamaugaon Georgia highway 193. This is a coined wordto describe where the Central of Georgia crossesthe Chattanooga Southern Rail road.

CENTER, Jackson County. Incorporated as a townAugust 21, 1906 to July 1, 1995. Its first post off icewas established in 1826 and called BASCOBEL.In 1899 the vill age was named for a rail road manfrom Athens, a Mr. Center, of the firm Center andReeves.

CENTERPOINT, Carroll County. Located aboutfour miles south of Temple. Named for itsapproximately equal distance from Carroll ton andVill a Rica.

CENTER POST, Walker County. This communityis located seven miles southwest of LaFayette onGeorgia highway 337. The name came about asthe place was the midway point between Broncoand Trion on the old mail route.

Center Vill age 38 Georgia Place-Names

CENTER VILLAGE, Charlton County. This nowextinct community was also called CENTERVILLE.Was located two miles northeast of the center ofpresent Folkston, near Camp Pinckney (q.v.). Itwas settled about 1800 after which it became anactive trading center, but declined after the CivilWar with the coming of the rail road.

CENTERVILLE, Early County. This ruralcommunity is halfway between Hilton andDamascus, as well as halfway between Blakelyand Mayhaw (Mill er County).

CENTERVILLE, Gwinnett County. A communitylocated 5 miles south of Snellvill e with a post off icefrom 1879 to 1903. The place was called SNEEZERbefore the Civil War.

CENTERVILLE, Houston County. Incorporatedas a city March 25, 1958. Mitchell F. Ethridgesettled here and opened a store about 1885. Thename derived from the fact that it was locatedhalfway between Macon and Perry, as well ashalfway between Byron and Wellston (WarnerRobins). Since there was already a Centervill e inGeorgia, the name was changed for a while toHATTIE after the oldest Ethridge daughter, untilthe post off ice was moved to Perry.

CENTERVILLE, Talbot County. This communitywas located in the center of the county, and waslaid out as the county seat about 1827, beforeTalbotton was selected for this designation. Thetown lost its charter July 1, 1995.

CENTERVILLE, Walton County. This was theoriginal name of JERSEY (q.v.).

CENTERVILLE, Wilkes County. Originallyspelled CENTREVILLE, it was so named due toits being at the mid-point between Washington andLexington. This community is located twelve mileswest of Washington on U.S. highway 78.

CENTRALHATCHEE, Heard County. Incorpo-rated as a town August 15, 1903, this communitywas named for the stream on which it is located.

CENTRALHATCHEE CREEK, Heard County.Rises at Ephesus and flows southwesterly to enterthe Chattahoochee River at Franklin. This nameis derived by folk-etymology from the Muskogean,Sandalakwahachi, "Perch (fish) - Stream." An earlierrecorded form of the name was SUNDALHAT-CHEE.

CERES, Crawford County. This former communitywas located near the Flint River, five miles north

of Knoxvill e. Was named for the ancient Romangoddess of agriculture, and the word stands for"growth." The community was also known asHOPEWELL.

CERRO GORDO, Carroll County. This post off icewas authorized in September 1847. Cerro Gordois Spanish, meaning "fat (or round) hill ." The namewas changed to BOWDON (q.v.) July 1848.

CEYLON, Camden County. Now merely atriangulation station, it is located about four mileseast of Woodbine. Named for the island south ofIndia, now known as the republic of Sri Lanka.

CHALYBEATE SPRINGS, Meriwether County.Pronounced "Ka-lib-e-at." Located one mile eastof Manchester. Settled in 1831 and incorporated1907 to July 1, 1995, this was once a popular resortnamed for the springs here. Chalybeate means"containing iron salts or minerals" as mineral springwater.

CHAMBLEE, DeKalb County. Pronounced "Cham-blee'." Incorporated as a town August 17, 1908.The original name of the place was ROSWELLJUNCTION, but when this name was submittedto the U.S. Post Off ice Department in 1881, it wasfound that the name was already in use. So theoff icials in Washington instead arbitrarily took thename of one of the petitioners for the post off icename. There was once a vill age of CHAMBLEEon Chenubee Creek in Terrell County.

CHAPEL HILL, Twiggs County. This formerpost off ice opened April 14, 1837, and was namedfor the first postmaster, Thomas Chapel. There isat present a rural community of CHAPEL HILLlocated in Douglas County, with its name apparentlyderived from the university town in North Carolina.

CHAPPELL, Lamar County. Was settled in 1821when it was named UNIONVILLE, which nameit retained until Lamar County was formed in 1920.This community was given its present name forbusinessman H.A. Chappell . CHAPPELL (Militi a)DISTRICT located in this section was also namedfor Mr. Chappell .

CHARING, Taylor County. A community located12 miles southwest of Butler. Incorporated as a townfrom August 19, 1912 to August 13, 1915.

CHARLIE(S) CREEK, Towns County. Risesin North Carolina and flows southeasterly to theTallulah River. Named for the principal Cherokeechief, Charlie Hicks. Named also for him isCHARLIE MOUNTAIN in Rabun County. With

Georgia Place-Names 39 Chattahoochee Palisades State Park

an elevation of 2,990 feet, it is located east of LakeBurton.

CHARLOTTE, Montgomery County. This postoff ice was opened June 15, 1910 and named byDr. John E. Mobley for his wife, Charlotte.

CHARLTON COUNTY. Created February 11,1854 with 799 square miles taken from part ofCamden County. Named in honor of one of Georgia'sforemost jurists, Robert Mill edge Charlton (1807-1854), once mayor of Savannah, and later electedto the U.S. Senate in 1852. The county seat isFolkston (q.v.). Its courthouse was destroyed byfire at Traders Hill i n 1877 and at Folkston in 1928.CHARLTON STREET in Savannah was also namedin honor of Senator Charlton.

CHASTAIN, Thomas County. A rural communitylocated near the northern border of the county. Earlyresidents here were J.A. Chastain, a teacher, andB.E. Chastain, a farmer.

CHATHAM COUNTY. Pronounced "Chattum."Created February 5, 1777 with 441 square milesacquired by Creek cession of May 20, 1733. Thiswas an original county, previously organized in1758 as the parishes of SAINT PHILIP and CHRISTCHURCH. Named for the same individual asPittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Willi am Lord Pitt, theEarl of Chatham (1708-1778), noted prime ministerof England, who vigorously opposed the harshmeasures taken with regard to the American coloniesin 1774-75. The county seat is Savannah (q.v.).See also Savannah County.

CHATSWORTH, CS Murray County. Incorporatedas a town August 18, 1906. Judge W.W. "Bill y"Keith said that the name came about after the

railroad came through, and a board or sign fell offof a freight car on which was printed the name"Chatsworth." It was placed on a pole by the tracks,and the place was thereafter known by this name.Chatsworth in England was the seat of the Dukeof Devonshire in the county of Derby. Brinkleyon the other hand said that the town was namedfor a rail road off icial.

CHATTAHOOCHEE, Fulton County. This formercommunity was located on the Southern Railwaywhere the present U.S. highway 78-278 crossesthe river for which it was named. Before 1899 theplace was called OAKDALE.

CHATTAHOOCHEE COUNTY. CreatedFebruary 13, 1854 with 253 square miles taken fromparts of Marion and Muscogee counties. Namedfor the river which forms its western border. Thecounty seat is Cusseta (q.v.).

CHATTAHOOCHEE, LAKE, Clay, Quitmanand Stewart counties. Said to have been named bythe state assembly of Georgia. Was formed by theWalter F. George Dam on the Chattahoochee Riverat Ft. Gaines. It is also called LAKE GEORGE,LAKE EUFALA and WALTER F. GEORGERESERVOIR (q.v.).

CHATTAHOOCHEE NATIONAL FOREST.Consists of nearly two milli on acres in twentyGeorgia counties of the northern mountainousregions of the state. It was established in 1936 byproclamation of President Franklin D. Roosevelt,and took its name from the principle river of thearea.

CHATTAHOOCHEE OLD TOWN, HeardCounty. This was an old Indian vill age which waslocated near the present town of Franklin, on thewest bank of the river for which it was named, orpossibly vice versa. John Goff f ound a 1738 mapwhere it was spelled CHATAHUCHEE.

CHATTAHOOCHEE PALISADES STATEPARK, Cobb and Fulton counties. Comprises 377

Chattahoochee Park 40 Georgia Place-Names

acres along the Chattahoochee River north ofAtlanta. Established with a $1.89 milli on grant fromthe U.S. Department of the Interior, September 26,1972. Lieutenant General Willi am T. Shermancrossed here with his Union troups in the Civil War.

CHATTAHOOCHEE PARK, Hall County. Thisformer park was located on the former Lake Warner(q.v.).

CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER. Pronouncedlocally, "Chatty-hoochee." This great river is about560 miles in length, and originates in tributariesof Habersham, Towns, and Union counties. It wasbelieved named for an early Indian town of CHAT-TO-HO-CHE which was located on the Chattahoo-chee River near today's town of Franklin. The nameprobably meant "Corn Rock," "Pounded Rock,""Meal Rock," or "Flour Rock," from Uchee, "corn"and Hochee, "pounded (or beaten)." It has also beensaid to be derived from the Indian words Chatta,"Sparkling," "Flowered," or "Marked," and Ochee,"Rocks." Benjamin Hawkins spelled it CHATTAHO CHEE. The French wrote it SCHATTAOUCHIand CHACTAS-OU-GUY. Other variations fromold maps included: CATAHOOCHE, CHATT-AHUCES, CHATAHOUCHY, CHATTA UCHEEand CHATTY HOOCHIE. The Yuchi Indians calledthis river the TIAH.

CHATTANOOGA CREEK, Walker County.Flows northerly, on the east of Lookout Mountain,into Tennessee. Derived from the Muskogean,meaning "Rock-coming-to-a-point," probablyreferring to Lookout Mountain. CHATTANOOGAMOUNTAIN in Dade County and CHATTA-NOOGA VALLEY (Militi a) DISTRICT innorthwest Walker County were from the samederivation.

CHATTOOGA COUNTY. Created December28, 1838 with 317 square miles taken from partsof Floyd and Walker counties. Named from theChattooga River which flows through the middleof the county. The county seat is Summervill e (q.v.).

CHATTOOGA LAKES STATE PARK, Chat-tooga County. Descriptively named, this new state

park is located three miles southeast of Summervil leon Marble Springs Road.

CHATTOOGA RIVER. Rises in Walker Countyand flows through Chattooga County, then continuessouthwesterly to join the Coosa River in Alabama.The name is from that of an early Cherokee Indiantown of Cha tu' gi, which was located east ofClayton in South Carolina. The meaning is notknown for sure, but some think it is derived fromthe Cherokee word, Tsatu' gi, which may mean "Hedrank by sips" or "He has crossed the stream andcome out on the other side." John Mooney said itmeans, "Throw it out (away)." Others think it isa variation of the Cherokee word Chatauga, whichmeans "chicken." Some variations of spelli ng haveincluded CHATOOGA, CHATUGA and CHATTU-GIE. Another CHATTOOGA RIVER runs alongthe east border of Rabun County, and is an upperextension of the Savannah River, and its tributary,the WEST CHATTOOGA RIVER in eastern RabunCounty. Was formerly called GUINEKELOKEE,an old Cherokee name of unknown meaning.CHATTOOGA was also the former name ofLAFAYETTE (q.v.) in Walker County. Wasincorporated as Chattooga and made county seatJanuary 22, 1835.

CHATTOOGAVILLE, Chattooga County. Acommunity in the southern part of the county, namedfor the Chattooga River (q.v.). Its post off ice existedfrom May 4, 1840 to November 31, 1906.

CHATUGE LAKE, Towns County. Extends fromHiawassee northwestward into North Carolina. Forderivation, see Chattooga River.

CHAUGA CREEK, Oconee County. A tributaryof the Oconee River. The name is thought to bederived from the Creek word, chahki, which means"shoal."

CHAUKEETHLUCCO, Bibb County. This wasthe name of a fording place where Toms Path (q.v.)crossed the Ocmulgee River about seven miles abovetoday's Macon. The Muskogee word means, "BigShoals," from, chaki, "shoals" and thlako, "big."

CHAU, KE THLUCCO. A former Indian townlocated upriver from Philpots Old Ferry in the bigbend of the Chattahoochee River on the Heard-Troupcounty line. For derivation, see Chaukeethlucco.

CHAUNCEY, Dodge County. The place was firstcalled STATION NO. 21 when the rail road camethrough here. The first resident was the rail roadagent, Wili am K. Bussey. The post off ice wasestablished here in 1870 and the town was

Georgia Place-Names 41 Cherokee County

incorporated September 11, 1883. Named in honorof lumber dealer Willi am Chauncey who settledhere from New Hampshire. He promised to erecta church but died before it was accomplished.

CHEAP, Banks County. Another name for theformer community of WILMOTS (q.v.).

CHEATHAM HILL, Cobb County. An elevationwest of Marietta. Named for Confederate general,Benjamin Franklin Cheatham (1820-1886), whosedivision defended this site June 27, 1864.

CHECHERO (Militia) DISTRICT, RabunCounty. Located in the southern part of the county.Named for a Cherokee settlement, CHEROCHEE(or CHICHEROHE), which was destroyed in theAmerican Revolution.

CHEEVERTOWN, Baker County. This settlementwas established in the early 1870's with a post officeestablished in 1882. It was believed named for earlysettler, Willi am W. Cheever.

CHEHA(W), Lee County. A former Indian vill agenear the present town of Leesburg. It was also calledCHE-RAW and AU-MUCCUL-LA, and was thehome of the Chehaw Indian tribe, for which it wasnamed. Also named for these Indians was CHEHAWCREEK in southeastern Putnam County. This streamis now called JENKINS BRANCH. CHEHAWPATH was the name of an old trail that extendedto northeast Putnam County from Toms Path insouthwest Jones County. CHEHAW STATE PARKin Lee County is located two miles northeast ofAlbany and was deeded to that city in 1975. This586-acre park was named for the Chehaw Indians.See also Chiaha.

CHELOCCONENEAUHASSE. A Creek Indianname which means, "old horse path," and wascommonly referred to as the LOWER CREEKTRADING PATH. It extended between Augustato the Creek towns below today's Columbus.

CHELSEA, Chattooga County. This communitywas assumed to have been named by a resident fromthe Chelsea area in England. Its post off ice existedfrom December 27, 1890 to December 31, 1928.

CHENOCETAH MOUNTAIN, HabershamCounty. With an elevation of 1,829 feet, it is locatedjust south of Mount Airy. A Cherokee Indian nameof unknown meaning, which name was lost forseveral years when this was called GRIFFINMOUNTAIN and TOWER MOUNTAIN.

CHENUBA, Terrell County. Settled in 1836 byWilli am J. Parker, when this was in Lee County,

at which time the post off ice was established. Namedfor the vanished Indian vill age, CHENUBE.

CHEPUCKY. This former community was locatedon CHEPUCKY ISLAND in the southwest sectionof Okefenokee Swamp. This was the site of an oldIndian town called CHEPUCKY-TO-LO-FA, whichmeans "Chepucky's Town."

CHERAW, Lee County. A variation of CHEHAW(q.v.).

CHEROKEE COUNTY. Created December 21,1830 and December 24 and 26, 1831 with a presentarea of 414 square miles. This was an original countywhich was acquired by Cherokee cession ofDecember 29, 1835. When formed the countycontained 6,900 square miles which was thenoccupied by the Cherokee Indians, and was thereforegiven this name. James Mooney said that thederivation of the Indian word Cherokee has nomeaning in the Cherokee language, and its originis uncertain, but various theories have beensuggested. Some say it may mean "upland field,"in reference to the topography of this tribe's vasthomeland, extending through the southern states.Another theory is that it is from the Muskogee Indianword tcikoli, meaning "people of a different speech,"or from the word cheera, meaning "fire," or a-che-la, "he takes fire." It has also been said it is fromthe Indian word Tsalagi or Tsaragi, to mean"Ancient Tobacco People." "Red Fire Men,""Children of the sun" or "Brave Men." Also it mayhave come from Chiluk-ki, ki, the name appliedto the Cherokee Indians by the Choctaws, whichmeans "Cave People." The English had spelled thename CHERAKAE (1674), or CHARAKEYS(1715), and the French wrote CHIAQUIS. TSA-LA-GI is the form used at present. The county seat isCanton (q.v.). The court house was destroyed byfire in 1865 and 1928. The community of CHERO-KEE in Cherokee County was originally an Indiansettlement, named SWEET WATER TOWN. Thisname has also been applied to a stream, CHEROKEEBRANCH in the CHEROKEE VALLEY locatedin Catoosa County, between White Oak Mountainon the west and CHEROKEE RIDGE on the east.In this same county is also found CHEROKEE

Cherry Log 42 Georgia Place-Names

SPRINGS, which was once a summer resort.CHEROKEE CORNER was located in OglethorpeCounty, eight miles west of Lexington on AthensRoad. It was established in the 1770's by colonialgovernors to regulate Indian trade. CHEROKEEMILLS is a community in Cherokee County, locatedeight miles southeast of Canton. CHEROKEETRAIL is a mountain road in the southeast sectionof Dade County. '

CHERRY LOG, Gilmer County. This is the namethe Cherokee Indians gave to their old settlementhere, nine miles northeast of Ell ijay. CHERRYLOG (Militi a) DISTRICT in the northeast sectionof the county was named after this early community.

CHESSER(S) ISLAND, Charlton County. Locatedabout two miles southwest of Camp Cornelia (q.v.).Named after an early settler on this island in theOkefenokee Swamp, W. T. Chesser, who movedhere from Tattnall County in 1858.

CHESTATEE, Forsyth County. This communitylocated in the northeast section of the county wascalled ATSUNSTA TI YI by the Indians. TheCHESTATEE RIVER is an upper tributary of theChattahoochee River, which rises in LumpkinCounty, runs between White and Habershamcounties, and enters Lake Sidney Lanier in HallCounty. The upper part of Lake Lanier is namedCHESTATEE BAY. The Cherokee word chestateemeans "pine torch place" or "place of the lights,"so named because the deer hunters used torcheswhen hunting by the river at night.

CHESTER, Dodge County. Incorporated December17, 1902 and August 21, 1916. This town wasfounded about 1890 by Mr. June Willi ams and H.M.Hancock, and named for the town of Chester, NewYork.

CHESTNUT FLAT, Walker County. This ruralcommunity was so named because of the abundanceof chestnut trees (genus Castanea) here when theearly settlers arrived. There is also a communityof CHESTNUT GAP, located five miles northeastof Blue Ridge in Fannin County.

CHESTNUT MOUNTAIN, Hall County. Firstknown as PRICE MOUNTAIN, renamed for theearly settler family of J.T. Chestnut.

CHIAHA, Floyd County. Also spelled ICHIAHA,TCHIAHA and CHEHAW (q.v.). This was a LowerCreek town on the west bank of the ChattahoocheeRiver. The Chiaha Indians had other vill ages onthe Flint River. A town called CHIAHA, "whereotters li ve," existed among the Cherokee Indians;

this is the name that they had called their town atthe site where ROME (q.v.) now stands.

CHICKAMAUGA, Walker County. This townis located on the west fork of the ChickamaugaRiver. It was first called CRAWFISH SPRING afteran Indian Chief Crawfish who li ved here. Incorpo-rated September 11, 1891, when the name of theplace was changed to Chickamauga after the riverof that name. It is located in CHICKAMAUGA(Militi a) DISTRICT of upper Walker County.

CHICKAMAUGA RIVER. Flows throughCatoosa, Walker, and Whitfield counties. It ispronounced "Chick'-a-mog'a," or by old timers,"Chicky-mawgee." Early settlers were told by theCherokee Indians that it means "River of Death,"because of so much sickness and death from malariaand other fevers when they dwelt along its banks.It has been claimed by some that the name is fromthe Cherokee, chacarna, "good," and kah, "place."Another interpretation is that it means "The dwelli ngplace of the chief." The name is actually from theMuskogean Tchiskarnaga, which means "To becomefil led with snags or roots," "Sluggish or dead water."A branch of the Cherokee Indians, known as theChickamaugas, inhabited five vill ages on theTennessee River.

CHICKMAUGA AND CHATTANOOGA NAT-IONAL MILITARY PARK, Catoosa and Wal-kercounties. Established August 19, 1890, it consistsof 8,127 acres, part of which is in Tennessee. Thisis the oldest and largest national milit ary parkadministered by the Federal government. In theFall of 1863, more American li ves were lost herethan in any other battle in our history, when thecasualties totaled about 18,000 kill ed, wounded,and missing out of 66,000 engaged.

CHICKASAWHATCHEE, Terrell County.Located in the southern section of the county. Earlierknown as Hortonvill e (1847), this community wasnamed for the stream on which is is located.Incorporated as a vil lage March 3, 1856 (then inLee County). The charter was lost July 1, 1995.

CHICKASAWHATCHEE CREEK. Flows fromTerrell County into Baker County where it entersthe Flint River. Was formerly written CHICK-ASYHATCHY, which is a Hichiti Indian wordmeaning "Council House Creek," with referenceto a council house, attracted by American folk-etymology to the name of the well-known ChickasawIndian tribe (See also Chicken Road).CHICKASAWHATCHEE SWAMP in Baker Countyhas also been written CHICKASAWHACHEE.

Georgia Place-Names 43 Chopped Oak

CHICKEN ROAD. Has also been calledCHICKASAW INDIAN TRAIL. It extended fromthe Oconee River near Dublin, to Hartford on theOcmulgee River in Pulaski County, and wasoriginally part of the Uchee Path (q.v.). It is thoughtto have been named after the Chickasaw Indianswhohad used this trail . They lived mostly in Mississippiand neighboring states, and were called "Chicazo"by DeSoto, and "Tchikasa" by the Creek Indians.Chickasaw may mean "rebelli on," and refer to aseparation of the Chickasaw Indians from the Creeksand Choctaws.

CHICOPEE, Hall County. Pronounced "Chick'-a-pee." This is a mill t own below Gainesvill e. TheChicopee Manufacturing Company of Chicopee,Massachusetts established a mill on a 3,500-acresite here which was previously occupied by theHall County Home and Farm. Chicopee was saidto be the name of an Indian chief of a tribe fromCanada that settled in the mountains of westernMassachusetts. Chicopee is an Algonquian Indianword which may mean "swift water," or possibly"birch-bark place."

CHIEF McINTOSH LAKE, Indian Springs StatePark (q.v.). Named after General Willi am McIntosh,a half-breed Creek Indian chief, who was murderedby fellow Indians after he had signed away theirremaining land to the white men in the Treaty ofFebruary 12, 1825. See also Coweta County.

THE CHIEFTAINS, Rome. Located in theRiverside community, on the banks of theOostanaula River. This was an old Indian tradingpost, and the home of John Ridge, chief of theCherokees. It was here that the U.S.-Cherokee Treatywas signed which removed the Cherokees toOklahoma.

CHILDERS CREEK, McDuff ie County. Wasnamed for an early settler who lived near the stream.

CHILD TO(A)TERS CREEK, Dawson County.Named for a prominent full blood Cherokee wholived at the Big Savannah (q.v.) settlement. It isnow called RUSSELLS CREEK (q.v.).

CHINA HILL , Telfair County. Located aboutsix miles west of Jacksonvill e. The name of thiscommunity is derived from the numerous china(chinaberry) trees adorning the crest and brow ofthe nearby hill .

CHIPLEY, Harris County. Established about 1879-80, and named for rail road promoter, Colonel W.D.

Chipley. It was incorporated in 1883. The originalcommunity here was named HOOD (q.v.). In 1958the name of the town was changed from Chipleyto PINE MOUNTAIN, which was thought to bea more attractive name to attract tourists.

CHISHOLM, Stewart County. Pronounced"Chizzum." Probably derived from a family name.This was the early name of RICHLAND (q.v.).

CHISSEHULCAH CREEK, Muscogee County.Enters the Chattahoochee River north of Columbus.This stream was mentioned by Benjamin Hawkinsas CHUSETHLOCCO and CHISSE HULKUHA.It is thought to mean "Crawling Rat(s) Creek," or"Place of Bluebirds." The present name isROARING CREEK.

CHOCTAHATCHEE CREEK. Rises in north-western Sumter County and flows southwesterlyto enter Kinchafoonee Creek in Webster County.Was probably first named from the Chatot tribeof Muskogee Indians with a later substitution fromthe name of the better known tribe, Choctaw.

CHOESTOE, Union County. This community islocated seven miles southeast of Blairsvill e. Thename is probably the same as "Choestea," from theCherokee, tsistu-yi, "rabbit place."

CHOICE'S STORE, Gwinnett County. Waslocated 11 miles southwest of Lawrencevill e. Settledin 1824 and named for postmaster John Choice.

CHOK EE, Lee County. This is a rural communityin the northeast section of the county. It wasincorporated, had a post off ice and telegraph stationowned by A. H. Simmons who was mayor and justiceof the peace. The name is shortened from the CreekIndian word Chokeefichickee, with obscurederivation. It may mean "Rotunda raised on amound." CHOKEE CREEK rises at Leslie in SumterCounty and flows southward through Lee Countyto enter the Flint River below Lake Blackshear Dam.

CHOK EELIGA CREEK, Lee County. Locatedin the northwest section of the county. The namehas also been spelled CHOKEELIGEE, and is ofMuskogean origin, meaning "House there," or"Council House-stands-there," with reference toa council house.

CHOPPED OAK, Habersham County. An earlyIndian rendezvous where many Indian trails crossed,which was on a hill between Cornelia and Baldwin.This was where the Indians recorded trophies ofbattle by taking a gash in a great oak tree here, forevery scalp taken. The Cherokee name of the site

Christ Church Parish 44 Georgia Place-Names

was DIGALU YATUNYI, "Where it is chopped(or gashed)." CHOPPED OAK CHURCH is aboutthree miles east of Hollywood, Habersham County.

CHRIST CHURCH PARISH. Created January11, 1758 when the colony was divided into eightparishes. This was the most populous, and includedall of the present Chatham County and the adjacentislands. It was named for Christ Episcopal Church,the "mother church" of the colony, which wasfounded in 1733.

CHRISTMAS BRANCH, Stewart County. Anupper tributary of Hannahatchee Creek whichcommences at the northwest edge of Richland. Thisname was first applied by surveyor John G. Scruggswhen he recorded this stream on December 25,1825. CHRISTMAS CREEK of Cumberland Islandis a channel which enters the Atlantic Ocean atthe upper end of the island.

CHRISTOPHER, Chattahoochee County. A stopon the Central of Georgia Railway, three milesnortheast of Cusseta. Named to complement a "sistercity," Columbus.

CHULA, Tift County. The first post off ice of thiscommunity was named RUBY, and soon afterchanged to Chula, thought to be the MuskogeanIndian name meaning "flowers." It has also beensuggested by Stewart that this is a Muskogean wordmeaning "fox." Brinkley says the place was namedfor Chula Vista, Cali fornia. Was incorporated asa town August 15, 1904 to August 1, 1906.

CHULAPOCCA. This is an obsolete name of theAPALACHEE RIVER (q.v.), and may mean "Pinetrunk (or stem)" or may mean "Fox ball ."

CHULIA, Floyd County. A former communitysoutheast of Rome. Named for an old Cherokeewarrior, Chulioa.

CHUPEE CREEK. This was an early name givento the present TOBESOFKEE CREEK (q.v.). Thederivation is from the Creek Indian word chapa,"halfway."

CHURCH HILL, Marion County. A settlement12 miles south of Buena Vista on Georgia highway41. Was so named because of the many churcheshere.

CISCO, Murray County. A community located14 miles north of Chatsworth and settled in 1834by the Cockburn (pronounced "Coe-burn") family.In the late 1800's, May Elvira Cockburn ran thestore here. Her father's name was John and her

nickname was Cis. In the early 1900"s thecommunity was referred to as CIS COCKBURN'SSTORE or merely Cisco.

CLARK COLLEGE, Atlanta. Founded in 1869by the Freedman's Aid Society of the MethodistEpiscopal Church. Named in honor of Augusta ClarkCole, who contributed a large portion of the fundsfor its founding.

CLARKDALE, Cobb County. The Clark ThreadCo. erected a mill here in 1932 and named the vill agein honor of the Clark family. This community islocated within CLARKDALE (Militi a) DISTRICT,northwest of Austell .

CLARKE COUNTY. Created December 5, 1801from a portion of Jackson County. This is thesmallest county in the state, comprising 125 squaremiles. It was named for Eli jah Clarke (1733-1799)of North Carolina, a distinguished soldier of theRevolution, and the "Hero of Hornets Nest." Helater served in the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Wilkes County. See also Eli jah Clark (sic)State Park and Trans-Oconee Republic. The countyseat is Athens (q.v.).

CLARKSBORO(UGH), Jackson County. Thispost off ice was established from 1813 to 1903, andwas located seven miles southeast of Jefferson. Itwas the county seat of Jackson County from 1796to 1802, and was named for Eli jah Clarke (see ClarkeCounty).

CLARKESVILLE, CS Habersham County.Incorporated as a vill age and made county seatNovember 26, 1823. Named for General John C.Clark (1776-1832) of North Carolina, son of theRevolutionary hero, Eli jah Clarke. John Clark wasgovernor of Georgia (1819-1823). See also Jack'sCreek.

CLARK HILL DAM. Constructed by the U.S.Corps of Engineers beginning in 1946, on theSavannah River, 21 miles above Augusta. It is overone mile long, the concrete section being 2,282feet in length. This dam created CLARK HILL

Georgia Place-Names 45 Cli fton Mill s

RESERVOIR, including a lake 39 miles long onthe Savannah River, 25 miles long on Georgia'sLittle River, and 17 miles long on South Carolina'sLittle River. The shore line extends 1,200 miles.The dam and reservoir were named for Eli jah Clarke(see Clarke County). The town of Clarks Hill i son the South Carolina side of the dam, and the SouthCarolinians call the reservoir, Clarks Hill Lake.

CLARK' S MILL , Crawford County. A grist mil lon Spring Creek five miles southeast of Knox-ville.Was operated by E.S., J.B. and J.J. Clark inthe 1880's, serving a community of reportedly 200souls.

CLARKSTON, DeKalb County. This communitynortheast of Decatur opened a post off ice October9, 1876, and was incorporated December 12, 1882.Named for Colonel W.W. Clark, prominent lawyerfrom Covington and director of The GeorgiaRail road.

CLAXTON, Evans County. "Fruit Cake Capital"Incorporated as a city July 28, 1911. It was firstproposed to call the town Hendricks to honor thefounding family here. Georgia at that time alreadyhad a post off ice by this name, so it was namedfor a popular actress of the time, Kate Claxton(1878-1924).

CLAY COUNTY. Created February 16, 1854with 224 square miles taken from portions of Earlyand Randolph counties. Named for Henry Clay(1777-1852), Secretary of State, Speaker of theHouse of Representatives, and U.S. Senator fromKentucky. The county seat is Fort Gaines (q.v.).

CLAYTON, CS Rabun County. This site wasselected as the county seat in 1821, with the nameto be CLAYTONSVILLE in honor of JudgeAugustin S. Clayton (see Clayton County). Thename was shortened to Clayton December 13, 1823when the town was incorporated and made thecounty seat. The land was acquired in 1824 fromSolomon Beck to erect a court house.

CLAYTON COUNTY. Created November 30,1858 with 149 square miles taken from parts ofFayette and Henry counties. Named for JudgeAugustin Smith Clayton (1783-1839), originallyfrom Virginia, who held the first sessions of thesuperior court of the county, served in the Houseof Representatives from Clarke County, and wasthen elected to the State Senate. The county seatis Jonesboro (q.v.).

CLAYTON STATE COLLE GE, Morrow.Established in 1968, and named after the county,by the Clayton County Board of Education.

CLEAR CREEK, DeKalb County. The post off iceof this name was in operation from 1831 to 1839,and was the third post off ice to be established inthe county. It was located in the approximate areaof Sherwood Forest subdivision, and was namedfor CLEAR CREEK, a stream which flows throughPiedmont Park, and continues northward to enterPeachtree Creek. See also Mud Creek.

CLEOLA, Harris County. This community wasestablished as a station on the Southern Rail roadabout 1887. Named by Mr. Jess Milner in honorof a girl friend.

CLERMONT, Hall County. Incorporated as a townAugust 11, 1913. Was settled in the late 1800's andfirst called DIP (q.v.). The present name of the townmeans "clear mountain" and was suggested by highschool principal, "Professor" Will Johnson.

CLEVELAND, CS White County. Establishedin 1857 and incorporated as a town August 18, 1870.The early name of the community here was MT.YONAH after the prominent mountain nearby (seeBrasstown Bald). The derivation of the present nameis uncertain, but is thought to have been named inhonor of Colonel Benjamin Cleveland (1738-1806),hero of King's Mountain.

CLIFTON MILL S, Mill er County. A community,also called TWILIGHT, which was located six milessouth of Colquitt. In the 1880's, J.S. Cli fton rana general store, gin, grist and saw mil ls here. Onlythe Twili ght Church remains.

Climax 46 Georgia Place-Names

CLIMAX, Decatur County. Originally calledBAINBRIDGE JUNCTION, and changed to Climaxin 1833 when the town was laid out. It was so namedbecause it was the highest point on the rail roadbetween Montgomery, Alabama and Savannah.The post off ice was established January 31, 1902,and the town was incorporated August 11, 1905.

CLINCH COUNTY. Created February 14, 1850with 796 square miles taken from parts of Lowndesand Ware counties. Named in honor of GeneralDuncan Lamont Clinch (1784-1849) of NorthCarolina, veteran of the War of 1812 and the Indianwars in Florida during 1836-1838, and was electedto U.S. Congress in 1844. The county seat isHomervil le (q.v.). The court house was destroyedby fires in 1846 and 1857.

CLINTON, Jones County. Incorporated as a townDecember 4, 1816 to July 1, 1995. This communityis located two miles south of Gray, and wasoriginally called ALBANY (in 1808). Wasdesignated the county seat in 1809 at which timethe name was changed to Clinton in honor ofGovernor DeWitt Clinton (1768-1828) of New York.It was given this name by Revolutionary Warveterans who first settled here, and were Masonswishing to honor Clinton, who was a Grandmaster.In 1860 this was the third largest city in the state,after Savannah and Augusta. This was the site ofCLINTON FEMALE ACADEMY, incorporatedby the state December 15, 1821 and CLINTONFEMALE SEMINARY, founded in 1828 by ThomasB. Slade. Samuel Griswold came from Burlington,Connecticut about 1818 and established Georgia'sfirst iron foundry here in 1820. This factory mademore cotton gins than any place in the world. Hemoved to the site of Griswold (q.v.) in 1849 to benear the rail road. The town of Clinton died, partlyfrom destruction by General Sherman's men, butmostly because the residents rejected having therail road pass through the community. The countyseat was moved to Gray in 1905.

CLOUDLAND, Chattooga County. A communitylocated about two miles northwest of Menlo, namedfor a Savannah investor, A.C. Cloud. The post off icewas established here from March 6, 1916 to April1, 1981.

CLOUDLAND CANYON STATE PARK, DadeCounty. Located twenty miles northwest ofLaFayette in old Cherokee Indian territory. This1,699-acre park takes its name from the descriptivelynamed canyon here, also referred to as the "GrandCanyon of North Georgia." See also Sitton's Gulch.

CLYATT(E)VILLE, Lowndes County. This townwas named for one of the first settlers here, Mr.James M. Clyatt. CLYATT MILL CREEK flowssouth into Withlacoochee Creek here.

CLYDE, Bryan County. Also known as EDEN,it was made the county seat at the beginning of thiscentury. Named for Sir Colin Campbell , Lord Clyde(1792-1863), a noted field marshall of Scotland.The community no longer exists, although CLYDECEMETERY remains, located six miles northwestof Richmond Hil l. The county seat is now Pembroke(q.v.). CLYDE CREEK of Bryan County flowsinto the Canoochee River just above RichmondHill .

CLYO, Effingham County. Once a thriving area,this was Eff ingham's first county seat and was givenits name in the late 1800's by the postal off icialsin Washington D.C. Clyo is a variation of Clio,the Greek Goddess, meaning peace and contentment.The river landing community, TUCKASEE KING(q.v.), was considered a part of Clio.

COAHULLA CREEK, Whitfield County. Risesat the north boundary of the county and flowssoutherly to enter the Conasauga River southeastof Dalton. The name is an Anglicized form ofKa'lahu, an old Cherokee chief known as All Bones,or may be a corruption of Cohutta (q.v.).

COAL MOUNTAIN, Forsyth County. This postoff ice existed from March 8, 1834 to February 21,1907. It is believed to have been named for someof the Cole family (sometimes spelled in earlyrecords as "Coal"), early settlers here.

COAT CREEK, Jefferson County. See Great CoatCreek.

COBB COUNTY. Created December 3, 1832 with346 square miles from part of Cherokee County.Most

Georgia Place-Names 47 Coffee Road

authorities state that it was named for Judge ThomasWilli s Cobb (1784-1835) from Virginia, who servedas colonel in thee Revolutionary War, and lateras a state congressman. Other sources have claimedthe county was named for Colonel John Cobb,brother of Thomas Cobb, who followed him toGeorgia. The county seat is Marietta (q.v.). Thecourt house was destroyed by fire in 1864.

COBBHAM, McDuff ie County. This town waslocated about ten miles north of Thomson, and wasthe county seat of Columbia County when it wasfirst cut off fr om Richmond County in 1790. Thepost off ice was established in the 1830's. It wasnamed after Captain Thomas Cobb, off icer of theRevolution who owned lands here.

COBBTOWN, Tattnall County. Incorporated asa town August 23, 1905. The post off ice ofCORSICA (q.v.) was established here previously.It is not known for which Cobb family this townwas named.

COBBVILLE , Telfair County. A community onHorse Creek, eleven miles southwest of McRae.It was formerly called CAMERON MILLS (q.v.).

COCHECALECHEE RIVER. This was shownas a tributary of the Chattahoochee River on earlymaps, but the exact location is not determined. TheCreek Indian name means "broken arrow."

COCHRAN, CS Bleckley County. IncorporatedMarch 19, 1869. Settled in the 1850's, it wasoriginally named DYKESBORO (q.v.). When therail road came through, the name was changed tohonor the president of the Macon and BrunswickRail road, Judge Arthur E. Cochran.

COCHRAN FIELD, Bibb County. This airportserving Macon and vicinity was built i n 1941 andused as a basic flying training school in World WarII . It was originally named for Lt. Robert JamesCochran (1895-1918), who was kill ed while engagedin aerial combat with German planes near Toul,France. The present name is LEWIS B. WILSONAIRPORT (see Macon).

COCHRAN'S MILL , Mitchell County. A formerstation on the Seaboard Coast Line Rail road, sixmiles north of Camill a. The grist and saw mill shere were owned and operated by B. F. Cochranand his nephew George C. Cochran. See also Flint.

COCKSPUR FORT, Chatham County. A drawingof 1764 shows this fort at the entrance of theSavannah River on Cockspur Island (q.v.).

COCKSPUR ISLAND, Chatham County.Originally called PEEPER ISLAND (q.v.), it is alsocalled LONG ISLAND (q.v.). Located near themouth of the Savannah River, it is the island onwhich Fort Pulaski (q.v.) is located. It is called"Cockspur" because of the shape of the reef whichpoints toward the sound.

COE, Tattnall County. A post off ice (c.1900) whichwas located 13 miles southeast of Reidsvill e. Thename is from the Choctaw, coi, "panther."

COFACHIQUI , Richmond County. Sometimesspelled COFITACHEQUI (q.v.). This was an oldCreek Indian town on Silver Bluff (q.v.), about 25miles down the Savannah River from Augusta. Thiswas the name of an Indian chief or possibly an Indianprincess, or may mean "Dogwood Town." The namewas shown on the Sanson map of 1656, whichplotted DeSoto's explorations.

COFAQUI, Baldwin County. This was the Indiantown where DeSoto and his men were royallyentertained. It is believed to have been at the siteof the later Oconee Town (q.v.). The vill age isthought to have been located on the east bank ofthe Oconee River about six miles south ofMill edgevill e near Rock Landing (q.v.). Derivationof the name is unknown.

COFFEE BLUFFS, Chatham County. Locatedon the Little Ogeechee River near Vernonburg. Wasbelieved named for the Coffee family here.

COFFEE COUNTY. Created February 9, 1854with 613 square miles taken from Clinch, Irwin,Telfair, and Ware Counties. Named for GeneralJohn E. Coffee (1782-1836), soldier of the Warof 1812 and the Creek War, and later elected toboth houses of the state legislature and then to theU.S House. This part of the state is known as theWiregrass Region (q.v.). The county seat is Douglas(q.v.). The court house was destroyed by fires in1898 and 1938. Also named for General Coffeeis the community of COFFEE in southeast BaconCounty.

COFFEE ROAD. Authorized in 1822, and namedfor General John Coffee of Telfair County, who

Cofitachequi 48 Georgia Place-Names

supervised its construction. This was a major stagecoach and mail route which began at Jacksonvill ein Telfair County and wound southwestward towardthe Florida line.

COFITACHEQUI, Richmond County. Also spelledCOFACHIQUI (q.v.). This was said to be the fabledIndian city of gold for which DeSoto was searchingin the 1540's.

COHELEE CREEK, Early County. It was firstlabeled BIG CREEK in 1820 by the first surveyorof this area and is now spelled CAHELEE CREEK(q.v.). The Creek Indian name may possibly mean"Standing Cane," but more li kely it means "GoodCane Creek" or possibly "Good Cane Place," fromkoha "cane" and hili "good." Brinkley says it isa short form of COCHECALECHEE, which becameknown as "broken arrow."

COHUTTA, Whitfield County. This communitynear the Tennessee line was incorporated for tenyears, beginning December 3, 1895. The CherokeeIndian name cohutta means "frog," or may mean"a shed roof supported on poles," from gahuta yi.The same name is applied to the COHUTTAMOUNTAINS in Gilmer County, sometimes calledTHE GREAT SMOKIES. COHUTTA MOUNTAINin Murray County is located in the southwest sectionof Fort Mountain State Park, and its peak is 2,716feet above sea level. MOUNT COHUTTA in FanninCounty is 5,155 feet in elevation. There was oncean active community of COHUTTA SPRINGS innorthern Murray County, located on the ConasaugaRiver. COHUTTA WILDERNESS is a 34,000-acreprimitive area within the Chattahochie NationalForest (q.v.), so designated by Congress in 1975.It lies mostly in Georgia and partly in Tennessee.

COLAPARCHEE CREEK. Rises at Bolingbrokein Monroe County and flows into northwest BibbCounty, after which it enters Rocky Creek. Thename is derived from the Creek root word kalapi,to produce the translation, "White oak tree Creek."However Goff suspects it is derived fromKolopakinhachi, signifying "seven," the numberof streams to be crossed to reach a principal Indiantown. COLAPARCHEE has been said to be an earlyname of the community of BOLINGBROKE (q.v.)as well as that of a plantation near there, and alsothe name of a road in northwest Bibb County. Thename has also been spelled COLOPARCHEE.

COLBERT, Madison County. This town wasincorporated under the name FIVE FORKSDecember 8, 1899. The name of the post off icewass changed to Colbert November 22, 1902 andthe name of the town was changed to Colbert August

11, 1909. Chartered as the city of Colbert in 1950.Was named for prosperous citi zen, James FletcherColbert, who came here in 1901.

COLDWATER, Elbert County. This ruralcommunity is located north of Elberton, and hasbeen settled for over 200 years. It was named afterthe old Coldwater Methodist Church here. Thechurch was named for nearby COLDWATERCREEK, which rises in Hart County and flows southinto Elbert County, then goes into the SavannahRiver east of Ruckersvill e.

COLE CITY, Dade County. This town wasincorporated from 1873 to July 1, 1995. The nameis a corruption of the word "coal" in reference tothe Dade County Coal Co. here.

COLEMAN, Randolph County. Incorporated asa town October 23, 1889. In 1858 Andy Colemandonated land for the community. The rail road wasbuilt here and a post off ice established in 1860.

COLEMAN POND, Irwin County. Located inthe northwest corner of the county, in the ThirdDistrict. It was named for a Mr. Coleman who ownedthe pond in the early days.

COLEMAN'S LAKE, Emanuel County. Incorpo-rated as a city March 4, 1953 to July 1, 1995. Thecommunity was named for the lake of the same namewhich is backwater from the Ogeechee River. Thisis now a campground owned by brothers Heywardand O.T. Fulghum.

COLEOTCHEE CREEK, Talbot County. Atributary of Big Lazar Creek, it rises southeast ofManchester, and flows easterly. The name is fromthe creek, kala, "white oak," and hachi, "creek."

COLERAIN(E), Camden County. Located sevenmiles west of the present town of Kingsland, it wasestabli shed December 1, 1786 by traders JamesArmstrong and James Seagrove. This was animportant early settlement of Camden County, andwas the site of Fort Pickering (q.v.). It waspreviously a Spanish settlement, and before thatan Indian town, having been named for the Indianchief Coleraine. However, Brinkley says the namecomes from Ireland. This former trading townwassupplanted by Center Vill age (q.v.) about sixmiles north of here, but it too no longer exists.

COLLE GEBORO, Bulloch County. This formerpost off ice was named after Georgia SouthernCollege, located on the south side of Statesboro.

Georgia Place-Names 49 Columbus

COLLE GE PARK, Fulton County. Establishedin 1890 as the suburban town of MANCHESTER,which was incorporated October 5, 1891. WhenCox College (q.v.) was moved here from LaGrange,it was decided to change the name of the town toCollege Park, which was approved December 16,1895.

COLLE GE TEMPLE, Newnan. Started as acollege for women in 1853. It was chartered in 1854by Moses and Harriett Kellogg from Vermont. Theschool closed in 1888, but the remaining buildingyet stands at 73 College Street.

COLL IER (STATION), Monroe County. Alsocalled COLLIERS. This former community waslocated five miles west of Forsyth on the Centralof Georgia Rail road. Was named for CuthbertColli er, who came here from Virginia in theeighteenth century.

COLL IER ROAD, Atlanta. Named for AndrewJ. Colli er (1827-1887) who built a grist mill onTanyard Branch.

COLL INS, Tattnall County. Named for PerryColli ns, a prominent citi zen. This town wasincorporated April 9, 1894.

COLL INSVILLE , DeKalb County. A communitylocated one mile east of Lithonia. Incorporated asa town October 24, 1887. Derivation is unknown.

COLOMOKEE CREEK, Clay-Early counties.This is the alternate spelli ng of KOLOMOKICREEK (q.v.).

COLOMOKEE, Early County. This community,in the north section of the county, was settled inthe 1880's. Named from the nearby ColomokeeCreek (q.v.). Located here is also the COLOMOKEE(Militi a) DISTRICT.

COLONEL'S ISLAND, Liberty County. Thisisland was previously known as HERON and alsoBERMUDA before given its present name. It islocated near the mouth of the Midway River, andbelieved named for Colonel Heron who receiveda grant of land here in 1748. There are others whoclaim it was named for both Colonel James Maxwelland a Colonel Law.

COLOPARCHEE CREEK, Monroe and Bibbcounties. A variation in spelli ng of COLAPAR-CHEE CREEK (q.v.).

COLQUITT, CS Mill er County. Established asthe county seat in 1856. Incorporated as a townDecember 19, 1860 and as a city in 1905. Wasnamed in honor of Senator Walter Colquitt. SeeColquitt County.

COLQUITT COUNTY. Created February 25,1856 with 563 square miles taken from Lowndesand Thomas counties. Named for Virginia-born,Walter Terry Colquitt (1799-1855), a Methodistpreacher, attorney, judge, and then U.S. Senatorfrom Georgia. The county seat is Moultrie (q.v.).The court house was destroyed by fire in 1881.

COLUMBIA COUNTY. Created December 10,1790 with 290 square miles taken from RichmondCounty. Named for the great navigator anddiscoverer of the Western Hemisphere, ChristopherColumbus (c. 1446-1506). The county seat wasfirst at Cobbham (q.v.) and is now Appling (q.v.).

COLUMBIA THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY,Decatur. Established by the Presbyterian Churchin Lexington, Georgia in 1828. Moved to Columbia,South Carolina in 1830, from which city it derivedits name. In 1924, it was decided to bring the schoolback to Georgia, this time to the Atlanta metropolitanarea.

COLUMBUS, CS Muscogee County. "The South'sOldest Industrial City," also called "The FountainCity." Incorporated December 24, 1828. The cityand county were consolidated January 1, 1971.Wasbuilt on a plain at the head of navigation onthe Chattahoochee River, two miles from Coweta

Comer 50 Georgia Place-Names

Town (q.v.). The first white men to arrive in thisarea were Spanish missionaries who came about1679 and claimed the area for Spain. The city waslaid out July 10, 1828, by Methodist minister andsurveyor, Edward Lloyd Thomas, who also plannedthe town of Oxford in Newton County. OnDecember 24, 1827 it was off icially determinedthat the proposed town here was to be namedColumbus in honor of the immortal navigator. AtBroadway and Fourth is the Oglethorpe Marker,a boulder to commemorate General Oglethorpe'svisit to Coweta Town in the summer of 1739. Seealso Koockogey. COLUMBUS COLLEGE,established in Columbus in 1958, is a part of theUniversity System of Georgia.

COMER, Madison County. Incorporated as a townDecember 13, 1893. Named for the settler familyof A.J. Comer.

COMM ERCE, Jackson County. Incorporated in1884. The post off ice opened in 1825 when thecommunity was called HARMONY GROVE. Thename used before that was GROANING ROCK(q.v.). When cotton production thrived in the state,this became a center for buying cotton and wasan active trade center. The name was changed toCommerce August 6, 1904 to suggest its commercialdominance.

COMM ISSIONER, Wilkinson County. Formerlythe rail road name of McINTYRE (q.v.). Namedafter nearby COMMISSIONER(S) CREEK whichrises in Jones County and flows through WilkinsonCounty to the Oconee River. Named in honor ofthe commissioner who arranged for the acquisitionof the lands here from the Indians.

CONASAUGA LAKE, Murray County. Located15 miles northwest of Elli jay, this 25-acre lake at3,200 feet elevation is the highest body of waterin Georgia. CON(N)ASAUGA RIVER ispronounced locally "Conny-sawgee." It rises innorthwest Fannin County to enter Tennessee beforeflowing south to form the border between Murrayand Whitfield counties, then enters Gordon Countybefore flowing into the Coosawattee River northeastof Calhoun. The Cherokee word Conasauga wasused as the name of several ancient settlementsin Tennessee and Georgia. The derivation of thename is from the Cherokee, kahnasagah, "grass."See also Gansagi and Connesauga.

CONCORD, Baker County. This post off ice waslocated in the northwest section of the county from1829 to 1843.

CONCORD, Pike County. Pronounced "Con-cord"or "Con-cawd." Incorporated as a town October24, 1887. Named after the Concord Primitive Baptist

Church, which was deeded in 1833, and built hereabout 1842. The community center shifted to herefrom the nearby hamlet of HARD HEAD, and grewup around Isaac Strickland's store.

CONEY, Crisp County. Incorporated as a townNovember 7, 1889, at which time the name waschanged from the former, GUM CREEK. They losttheir charter July 1, 1995. The community is locatedfive miles west of Cordele. It was either named forOrdinary, Judge S.W. Coney, or less li kely wasnamed from the Choctaw Indian word, konih,"skunk."

CONNESAUGA, Gilmer County. A former postoffice located nine miles northwest of Elli jay (1901).A map of 1887 shows a post off ice of CONNE-SAUGA located 12 miles north of Spring Placein Murray County. The name is a variant ofConasauga (see Conasauga River for derivation.)

CONNESENA CREEK, Bartow County. Flowssoutherly into the Etowah River just west ofKingston. The Cherokee name is from Cunsena,the name of a family that lived in the area, and theword means "dragging canoe."

CONSTITUTIONAL COUNTIES. This termrefers to the eight counties which were created inthe State's first formal constitution in 1777: Burke,Camden, Chatham, Eff ingham, Glynn, Liberty,Richmond and Wilkes.

CONYERS, CS Rockdale. County. Incorporatedas a town February 16, 1854. In 1843-44, the GeorgiaRail road was laying track through this communitywhich was then known as ROCKDALE, and wasunable to acquire the property of the blacksmith,Mr. Holcombe, for the station. A banker fromCovington, a Dr. Conyers, then bought the necessarysite for the rail road station and the right of way,whereupon the rail road named the stop CONYERSSTATION in his honor.

COOGLE'S MILL , Macon County. A formercommunity which was located eight miles west ofOglethorpe on Buck Creek where Joseph M. Cooglewas a mill wright.

COOK COUNTY. Created July 30, 1918 with226 square miles taken from Berrien County. Named

Georgia Place-Names 51 Cordele

in honor of General Phili p Cook (1817-1894), anative Georgian who was a lawyer, soldier, statesenator and secretary of state. The county seat isAdel (q.v.).

COOKSVILLE , Heard County. A communitylocated seven miles southwest of Franklin. In 1881the postmaster was J.D. Cook.

COOKTOWN, Mill er County. Located 12 mileseast of Collquitt. Settled November 19, 1883 byWill iam Henry and Malachi Annice Elizabeth KellyCook.

COOLIDGE, Thomas County. IncorporatedDecember 10, 1901. Established in 1900 as a railstop on the old Tifton, Thomasville and GulfRail road, and was named for its president.

COOLEEWAHEE CREEK, Baker County. Uniteswith the Flint River at Newton. The probablemeaning of the Muskogean name is, "Whiteoak-acorns are scattered."

COOPER, Jackson County. A former post off iceof which Thomas Cooper was the postmaster fromJuly 26, 1882 to April 24, 1883. The name of thepost office was changed to the present NICHOLSON(q.v.) February 2, 1882.

COOPERS, Baldwin County. A community onGeorgia Highway 243, eight miles southwest ofMill edgevill e. Named for Thomas Jefferson Cooper.

COOPER'S CREEK, Fannin County. Flowssoutherly into the Toccoa River near the UnionCounty line. Named for early (1698) traders,Willi am and Joseph Cooper.

COOPERVILLE , Screven County. A formercommunity which was located 12 miles southwestof Sylvania. Established about 1790 by Willi amCooper. Holingsworth said it was named for theearly settlers, the first of which was George Cooper,father of congressman Wilson Cooper. Brinkleysaid it was named for George Washington Cooper,inventor of the Cooper plow.

COOSA, Floyd County. First known as MIS-SIONARY STATION, after a Baptist missionestablished here in 1821 by Rev. and Mrs. Eli jahButler. Later he was imprisoned by authorities andthen run out of the state. The present name is forthe river on which this community is situated.

COOSA CREEK, Union County. A formercommunity located 4 1/2 miles southwest ofBlairsville, which was named for the stream whichflows north from here into Nottely Lake. Forderivation, see Coosa River.

COOSA OLD TOWN, Floyd County. This wasan Indian vill age on the Coosa River near the presentRome. It was destroyed on or about October 17,1793 by General John Sevier, an early governorof Tennessee, who was called Nolli chucky Jackby the Cherokee Indians.

COOSA RIVER. The major portion of thiswaterway of which is in Alabama, begins at Romein Georgia, where the Oostanaula and Etowah Riversjoin. It has also been spelled KOOSA RIVER inthe past. The name may be derived from the Abikhaor Coosa (Kusa) Indian tribe of the CreekConfederation, or from the town by this name onthe river. It has also been asserted that coosa is aMuskogean Indian word meaning "cane" or"canebrake."

COOSAWATTEE, Murray County. This was anearly community, named from its location on theCoosawattee River (q.v.). The place is now calledCARTERS (q.v.).

COOSAWATTEE (Mili tia) DISTRICT, GordonCounty. Located in the northeast corner of thecounty, and named after the Coosawattee River.

COOSAWATTEE OLD TOWN, Murray County.This was once a busy Indian settlement located onthe Coosawattee River. It has been suggested thatthe Cherokee Indian name Coosawattee orKusawetiyi means "Old Creek Place."

COOSAWATTEE RIVER. Has also been spelledCOOSEWATTEE, its probable meaning is "Riverof the Coosas." The lower portion was once labeledELLIJAY RIVER. The Coosawattee River risesat Elli jay in Gilmer County, flows southwestwardinto southeast Murray County, forms part of theborder on northern Gordon County and winds itsway southwesterly to be joined by the ConasaugaRiver northeast of Calhoun to form the OostanaulaRiver.

COUNTY LINE, Schley County. This communitywas so named due to its location on the line of Lee,Marion and Macon counties. The first schoolhousewas built i n 1850.

CORDELE, CS Crisp County. Pronounced "Cor-deal'." Called "The Hub City" and also the"Watermelon Capital of the World." Founded in1888 by J.E.D. Shipp from Americus, and wasincorporated December 22, 1888. Named for MissCordelia Hawkins, eldest daughter of Colonel

Cordray 52 Georgia Place-Names

Samuel H. Hawkins, who was president of theSavannah, Americus and Montgomery Rail road.

CORDRAY, Calhoun County. A former communitylocated seven miles north of Leary onIchawaynochaway Creek. Named for the generalstore and post off ice of J. A. Cordray.

CORINTH, Heard County. Incorporated as a townDecember 21, 1839. This community is locatedten miles southeast of Franklin. This meeting ofthe highways was named for the famous cross-roadscity of Corinth, Greece.

CORK, Butts County. This community wasestablished in 1886 with a post off ice opening inthe early 1880's. It is located eight miles southeastof Jackson. Originally called DUBLIN (q.v.) it wasnamed for the city of this name in Ireland inasmuchas many of the first settlers were Irish.

CORNELIA, Habersham County. "Home of theBig Red Apple" Incorporated October 22, 1887.The community of BLAINE was first settled herewhen the Charlotte Airline Rail road was gradedthrough this section about 1872. After this the stopwas called RABUN GAP JUNCTION in 1882. Afew years later, an attorney for the rail road, JudgePope Barrow, secured a depot for the town, whichwas then named in honor of his wife Cornelia. Thisis the state's largest apple growing center.

CORNISH CREEK, Gwinnett County. This isa tributary of the Alcovy River. Goff said it waspossibly named for an early squatter or "trespasser"who once li ved here.

CORNUCOPIA, Jones County. The name is fromthe Latin, meaning "Horn of Plenty." This formercommunity, previously called GRAB ALL, waslocated at the extreme northwest corner of thecounty.

CORSICA, Tattnall County. A former post off ice,probably named for the Corsica pine tree (Pinuslaricio). The place is now called COBBTOWN(q.v.).

COTTON, Mitchell County. Established in 1899,this community was incorporated as a town August11, 1913 to July 1, 1995. Was first calledMAPLETON after Gid Maples who had an estatehere, but that name was already in use in Georgia.It was then decided to call it Cotton, because it wasbelieved that the soil was adaptable for productionof this crop.

COTTON RIVER, Henry County. Derivationis possibly from a previous Indian name of PANA-LAHATCHEE, meaning "Cotton River." This isin reality a large creek, and presently called BIGCOTTON INDIAN CREEK. It rises in the northernsection of the county and flows southeasterly untilreaching the South River, which forms the boundarybetween Henry and Newton counties. A formercommunity of COTTON RIVER was located 6 1/2miles north of McDonough.

COUNCIL, Clinch County. A community locatedsix miles southeast of Fargo. Established in the early1900's with the large saw mill , called AmericanMfg. Co., owned by John M. and C.C. Council ofAmericus.

COUPER'S POINT, St. Simons Island. Locatedacross the Hampton River from Butler Point (q.v.).The ruin of a tabby slave cabin here, which wasbuilt by a Mr. Couper or James Hamilton, has beenalleged to be a Spanish ruin.

COURTESY, Floyd County. The early name ofSIX MILE (q.v.).

COVENANT COLLE GE, Lookout Mountain.This Presbyterian coeducational institution wasestablished in 1955 in what was an inn called Castlein the Clouds, previously Lookout Mountain Hotel.The word covenant means "a solemn vow to defendand support the faith and doctrine of the church."

COVINGTON, CS Newton County. "City ofBeautiful Homes" Incorporated as a town December6, 1822, and as a city in 1854. The originalcommunity was called NEWTONSBORO(UGH)(q.v.) and then given its present name in honor ofGeneral Leonard Covington (1768-1813),distinguished at Fort Recovery in 1794, and wasa U.S. congressman from Maryland. The Covingtonpost off ice was established in 1828.

COWETA COUNTY. Pronounced "Cow-eeta"or "Kye-eeta." Created June 9, 1825 and December11, 1826 with 443 square miles acquired by Creek

Georgia Place-Names 53 Crane's Hill

cessions of January 24, 1826 and March 31, 1826.Named Coweta to perpetuate the fame of the headchief of the Coweta Indians, General Willi amMcIntosh, half-blood Creek Indian (see McIntoshOld Place). Coweta may mean "falls" or "wherethere are falls," from the falls on the ChattahoocheeRiver at present-day Columbus, Georgia. The countyseat is Newnan (q.v.).

COWETA TOWN, Muscogee County. Called"The Red War Town." This was the name of theold Muskogee Indian vill age at the site of the presentCOLUMBUS (q.v.). French maps of 1733 showedthe name as CAOUITA and COUITA. Maps dated1818 had it written COWETAU or KAWITA. Amap of 1825 spelled the name COWETAW.

COW HELL , Laurens County. This name wasapplied to a dense swamp in the upper section ofthe county along the east side of the Oconee Riverat the mouth of Buckeye Creek. Named for thetreacherous bogs encountered by cattle that venturedinto this bovine Hades.

COWHOUSE ISLAND, Ware County. Locatedat the northeast corner of Okefenokee Swamp. Itwas said to have been given this name during theWar Between the States, because the neighboringstockmen drove their cattle here when the Unionforces were foraging on the land. Another sourceclaims the island was named by the early settlerswho drove their cattle here for the winter months.

COWPEN (or MUSGROVES COWPEN),Chatham County. This was the descriptivedesignation applied to the later WHITEHALLPLANTATION when Mary Musgrove kept cattlehere (her Indian name was Coosaponakee). Thisplantation was later called GRANGE (q.v.). SeeAlso St. Catherines's Island.

COWPEN CREEK, Washington County. Locatedin the northern section of the county, and originallycalled JONES COWPEN CREEK. John Goff foundthis to be one of the oldest English place-nameswest of the Ogeechee River. Presumably it wasnamed for a squatter or Indian countryman namedJones who set up a cowpen on it in the mid-Eighteenth Century.

COWPENS, Walton County. Also know asEASLEY'S COWPENS, this was temporaril y thecounty seat when Walton County was first formedin 1818. It was located three miles south of Monroe.Named after "Colonel" Roderick Easley who keptcattle pens here. In 1912, the name was changedto PANNELL (q.v.).

COX, McIntosh County. An old communityformerly known as BARRINGTON. Both were

named nearby stops on the Seaboard Air LineRailroad. The derivations of the names are unknown.

COX COLLEGE. Founded in LaGrange in 1843,and first called LA GRANGE FEMALE SEMI-NARY. The campus was moved near Atlanta in1895 where it was first known as SOUTHERNFEMALE COLLEGE. It was later named COXFEMALE COLLEGE in honor of its president, I.F.Cox. After continuing at its College Park (q.v.)location until 1923, it closed to reopen again in 1932.The city hall , library, and auditorium are on thesite of the old campus.

COX (Mili tia) DISTRICT, Monroe County.Located just southwest of Forsyth. Named for thefamil y of Frances R. Cox (1821-1911), wife ofwheelwright Henry Rumble (1815-1889).

COXES (Mili tia) DISTRICT, Cobb County.Located just northeast of Austell . Was created in1836 with elections being held at the house of RobertR. Cox.

COX'S CROSSROAD, Atlanta. This was the earlyname of the intersection of Moore's Mill and HowellMill roads. Named for Carr Cox, who waspostmaster in 1881 of HOWELL'S MILL post off icehere.

CRABAPPLE. Fulton County. "Garden Spot ofNorth Fulton" This community above Roswell wasestablished in 1874 when a log cabin school housewas built beside a knarled crabapple tree.

CRACKERS NECK, Greene County. This postoff ice in the lower part of the county in the 1830'swas thought to have referred to "Crackers" whohad a hard time making a li ving here.

" CRACKER STATE." A long time nicknameof Georgia. The word "Cracker" is a corruptionof a common term used anciently in Scotland todesignate a certain yeomanry class of independentswho were obnoxious to the aristocracy. There arealso authorities who regard it as a shortened formof corncracker, which refers to the fact that crackedcorn was long the chief article of food among thepoor whites and hill dwellers of the South.

CRANE-EATER, Gordon County. This was theearly name of the present community of RED BUD(q.v.), and was given the original name afterCRANE-EATER CREEK nearby. The stream isbelieved to be named from a Cherokee Indian wholived in the vicinity.

CRANE'S HILL , Lumpkin County. Located ineast Dahlonega, it was named for Stephen D. Crane,who was a prominent lawyer here.

Craven's Island 54 Georgia Place-Names

CRAVEN'S ISLAND, Charlton County. Alsocalled OLD ISLAND, it is located about five milesnorth of Stephen Foster State Park in the OkefenokeeSwamp. Was discovered by John Craven, a famoushunter and trapper of the swamp, who li ved atnearby Hickory Hammock. Also named for himis nearby CRAVEN'S HAMMOCK.

CRAWFISH CREEK, Walker County. Arisesthree miles above LaFayette and flows northerlyto enter Chickamauga Creek. Also spelledCRAYFISH, the name is derived from the Cherokeeword, Tsistuna'yi meaning "crayfish place."

CRAWFORD, Oglethorpe County. IncorporatedFebruary 28, 1876. This town was previously namedLEXINGTON DEPOT, later changed to honorWilli am H. Crawford (see Crawford County).

CRAWFORD COUNTY. Created December 9,1822 with 313 square miles taken from HoustonCounty. Named for Virginia-born Willi am HarrisCrawford (1772-1834), who became president ofthe U.S. Senate, Minister to Paris, Secretary of theTreasury, and candidate for the President in 1824.The county seat is Knoxvill e (q.v.). The courthousewas destroyed by fire in 1829. There is a CRAW-FORD MEMORIAL of granite in the town ofCrawford (q.v.), and also CRAWFORD SQUAREin Savannah was named in honor of SenatorCrawford. See also WILLIAM H. CRAWFORDHIGHWAY.

CRAWFORDVILLE , CS Taliaferro County. Wasnamed in honor of Willi am H. Crawford (seeCrawford County). Located here is Liberty Hallwhich was the home of Alexander Stephens, vicepresident of the Confederacy (see Alexander H.Stephens State Park).

CRESCENT, McIntosh County. A communitylocated 11 miles north of Darien on Georgia 99.Named for the crescent or bend made by the inletof the Atlantic Ocean. This was the site of Baisden'sBluff Academy which was washed away bytorrential rains in 1823.

CRISP COUNTY. "Empire County of the EmpireState of the South" Created August 17, 1905 with296 square miles taken from part of Dooly County.Named in honor of Charles Frederick Crisp (1845-1896), who was born in Sheff ield England ofAmerican parents. He was a soldier, judge, actor,producer of plays, state senator, and was electedto the U.S. Congress where he became Speaker ofthe House. The county seat is Cordele (q.v.).

CROMER'S, Franklin County. This communityis located six miles south of Carnesvill e on Georgiaroute 106. In 1881, J.D. Cromer had gin, grist, andsaw mill s here.

CROOKED RIVER, Camden County. Descrip-tively named in reference to its winding course.

CROOKED RIVER STATE PARK, Kingsland.This 500-acre park is named from the river on whichit is located. Other streams descriptively namedCROOKED CREEK are found in eastern PutnamCounty and in Jackson-Banks counties.

CROSS KEYS, DeKalb County. A post off iceof this name was established in 1832 at the site ofthe present CHAMBLEE. The name "Cross Keys"originated on the sign of an inn. The name CROSSKEYS was also given to a northeast Bibb Countysuburban town, which is now a part of Macon.

CROSS PLAINS, Whitfield County. Incorporatedas a town in 1839. The name was changed toDALTON (q.v.) in 1847 when this was made thecounty seat.

CROSSROADS, Bryan County. This descriptivelynamed community is now called RICHMOND HILL(q.v.). The county seat was moved here fromHardwick (q. v.) in 1797. CROSSROADS was alsoan early name of LITHONIA (q.v.) in DeKalbCounty. It was also called GEORGE'S STORE.

CROWSVILLE , Paulding County. A former postoff ice which was in the general store establishedby Willi s M. Crowe, and was located in the northeastcorner of the county.

Georgia Place-Names 55 Curtwright Factory

CRYSTAL MOUNTAIN, DeKalb County. Anearly name of STONE MOUNTAIN (q.v.).

CUBA, Early County. This community locatedsix miles southeast of Blakely was settled in 1875.It was so named since this Cuba, like the Caribbeanisland, is also surrounded by water and it too isnoted for its swamps. It is in the CUBA (Militi a)DISTRICT. Of the same derivation was CUBANA(CITY) near Thomasvill e in Thomas County, whichwas incorporated December 20, 1893 to July 1,1995.

CUFITACHIQUI . An alternate spelli ng ofCOFITACHIQUI (q.v.).

CULL ODEN, Monroe County. Incorporated in1887, the town was first settled about 1739 whenthis was a junction of Indian trails from Columbusto Indian Springs and from Alabama to Augusta.Was first named CULLODENVILLE in honor ofWilli am Culloden (d. 1831), a Scotch Highlanderwho opened a store here in 1780. He had previouslyli ved in Canada. The Culloden United MethodistChurch, built i n 1893, is the denomination's oldestbrick church in Georgia.

CULPEPPER CREEK, Crawford County.Formerly called INTACHCOOCHEE CREEK (q.v.).

CULVERTON, Hancock County. A communitylocated five miles northeast of Sparta on the GeorgiaRailway. Originally called MOUNT CARMEL,it was later changed to honor pioneer settler, HardyCulver, who came here about 1835.

CUMBERLAND ISLAND, Camden County.About 24,000 acres in size, it is the southernmostand largest of the Golden Isles. The Indians calledthe island MISSOE, WISSOO, or WISO (pro-nounced "why-so"), meaning "sassafras." It wasnamed SAN PEDRO (St. Peter) by the Spaniards.General Oglethorpe changed the name to Cumber-land at the request of Toonahawi, the nephew ofTomochichi, who wished to honor the young Dukeof Cumberland, a brother of King George II , whohad presented the littl e Indian boy a gold watchduring his visit to England. Other early names wereHIGHLANDS, ISLE OF WHALES, and ST.ANDREW. On October 23, 1972 President Nixonsigned a bil l to make the semitropical island anational seashore. There was a former communityof CUMBERLAND on the island, 20 miles northeastof St. Marys See also Little Cumberland Island,Dungeness, and Fort Willi am.

CUMBERLAND PLATEAU. Also calledLOOKOUT PLATEAU, it generally includes the

area of Dade County. Named after the CumberlandMountains of Tennessee.

CUMBERLAND RIVER, Camden County. Thiswaterway lies inland from the north section ofCumberland Island.

CUMBERLAND SOUND, Camden County. Thiswaterway lies inland from the south section ofCumberland Island.

CUMM ING, CS Forsyth County. Incorporatedand designated the county seat December 22, 1834.The post off ice was established here January 13,1834. Was said to be named for Colonel Willi amCumming of Augusta, a distinguished lawyer andeditor, who fought a duel with the celebrated GeorgeMcDuff ie of South Carolina. However, the BritishDictionary of National Biography claimed that theplace was named by the Cherokee for Sir AlexanderCumming of Aberdeenshire (d. 1775) who cameto America in 1729 where he settled among theIndians and became a leader and chief. CUMMINGwas also the previous name of the community ofBARNETT in northwest Warren County.

CUNNINGHAM STORE, Jackson County. Thispost off ice, established from 1828 to 1845, wasnamed for the first postmaster, Joseph T. Cunning-ham.

CURRAHEE MOUNTAIN, Stephens County.Located four miles southwest of Toccoa, with anelevation of 1,740 feet. The derivation is from theCherokee Indian name gurahiyi, which means "watercress place" or may mean "standing alone." Thecommunity of CURROHEE is located at the footof Currahee Mountain with a post off ice that existeduntil 1884. There was also an Indian settlementin eastern Habersham County called CURROHEE.

CURRY'S CREEK, Jackson County. Rises inJefferson, flows southeasterly, then easterly to enterthe Oconee River. This stream was formerly calledTOBSKESOFESKEE or TOBESOFOSKEE (seeTobesofkee Creek).

CURRYVILLE , Gordon County. This communityis located on Georgia route 156 near the FloydCounty line. Originally named LITTLE ROW, afterthe littl e row of houses first built here, or possiblyLITTLE ROE, for an Indian chief. It was then namedafter David W. Curry, a wholesale druggist of Rome,who suggested his own name to the postmaster.

CURTWRIGHT FACTORY, Greene County.Also known as LONG SHOALS FACTORY, this

Cusseta 56 Georgia Place-Names

cotton mill t own was established in the 1840's, 13miles south of Greensboro on the Oconee River.The Curtwright Factory post off ice was openedin 1860, but the community declined soon afterward.

CUSSETA, CS Chattahoochee County. Was madethe county seat and laid out, April 10, 1854 andincorporated as a town December 22, 1855. Namedat the suggestion of Wil liam G. Wooldridge, andis derived from the Muskogean Kashihta, meaninga "Trading Place." CUSSETA TOWN was the nameof the "White Peace Town" which was located onthe Chattahoochee River, at the site of FortBenning's Lawson Field, and was the largest tradingtown of the Muskogee Indians. The naturalistWilli am Bartram called it USSETA.

CUTHBERT, CS Randolph County. Wasincorporated and made county seat December 26,1831. Named in honor of Colonel John AlfredCuthbert (1788-1881) of Baldwin County, editor,jurist, and elected to the U.S. House of Repre-sentatives. He was a soldier in the War of 1812.

(THE) CUT OFF, Macon County. This sectionof farm land was originally part of Sumter County,with Camp Creek as the dividing line. Theinhabitants in 1851 petitioned the state legislatureto "cut off ' that corner to be added to Macon County,so they would be closer to the county seat whenon jury duty. This locali ty was first settled in the1830's by Mr. and Mrs. Jim M. Wicker from SouthCarolina. There was also a post off ice in old MiltonCounty named CUT OFF.

CUTTINGBONE CREEK, Rabun County.Located about four miles southeast of Clayton. Thename is possibly from the Cherokee Indian word

for "scratcher" referring to a ceremonial scratchingdevice made of bone. Brinkley said the name refersto an Indian rite in which warriors cut the calvesof their legs with a sharp bone. But more li kelyit is a corruption of the possible early names usedof Crittingtons or Crittentons Creek. George R.Stewart points out that Crittington was the nameof a Cherokee-English family.

CYCLONETA, Tift County. Originally this sitewas known as IRBY. The Southern Railway adoptedthis rail road station name of Cycloneta after acyclone struck the lumber yards here during thelate 1800's. The community has since changed toits present commendatory name of SUNSWEET(q.v.). There was also a place called CYCLONEin northern Screven County.

CYCLORAMA, Grant Park, Atlanta. This nameis a Greek word which means "Circle View." It hererefers to a painting, completed in 1886 by a groupof German artists, portraying the Battle of Atlantaduring the Civil War. This is one of the world'slargest paintings, being 400 feet in circumference,50 feet in height, and weighs over 18,000 pounds.It was brought to Atlanta in 1892, and cost at thattime $40,000. See also Gresston.

CYPRESS POND, Lowndes County. Locatedon the edge of the town of Twin Lakes, and wasnamed after the cypress trees here.

CYRENE, Decatur County. This is a stop on theAtlantic Coast Line Railroad, six miles northwestof Bainbridge. It takes the name of the ancient Greekport of the kingdom of Cyrenaica, which was activein the 7th century B.C. In Greek mythology, Cyrenewas a nymph beloved by Opollo.