C.1.1 BELL RINGER 11/4 Influence – having an effect or impact on the actions, behavior,

opinions, etc., of another or others

Write AND answer the following: How can you explain “Influence”

in your own words?

Enlightenment

SS.7.C.1.1 – Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu’s view of separation of powers

and John Locke’s theories of natural law and how Locke’s social contract influenced the Founding Fathers.

Are there people in your life that influence your appearance, actions, or words?

Have you seen celebrities or friends wear or do something that you appreciate, so you do or wear the same thing or something similar?

Have you heard something your parents or friends have said that you repeat or it has influenced what you have said?

Pass out “Influence from the Enlightenment: John Locke” activity sheet & John Locke reading from iCivics.

Key Points• The age of Enlightenment occurred during

the 18th century in Europe.• The Enlightenment focused on the ideas of

reason, liberty, and individual rights.• Ideas from the Enlightenment impacted the

ideas included in the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

Read the 1st paragraph.

Q: According to the text, whom did John Locke influence?

A: Thomas JeffersonWrite the answer on your activity sheet.

Place students in pairs and review the vocabulary graphic organizer on the activity sheet.

Read the remaining paragraphs and complete the vocabulary graphic organizer.

Define natural rights and social contract on your own, using evidence from the text/reading. Create a visual representation of the words.

Locke believed that natural rights should be

protected by society and government through the idea of natural law.

Add the concept of “natural law” to your activity sheet.

“Laws passed by government to protect natural rights.”

Pass out “Why Government” activity sheet from iCivics.

Q: Why do you think liberty is a natural right?

Q: What does it mean as an individual to have liberty?

Individual liberty is a natural right because it is natural for people to be free from government abuse of power.

Draw a picture in each box to represent what the explanation is saying.

If you do not finish, this is homework!

C.1.1 Bell Ringer 11/5The image below concerns government.

Which Enlightenment idea is represented by the image?

A. separation of powers

B. checks and balances

C. social contractD. natural law

Find your “Influence from the Enlightenment: John Locke” activity sheet from earlier.

Q: According to the reading, how are the concepts of social contract and the purpose of government related? What evidence in the text led you to your answer?

Answer the remaining questions on your sheet.

Remember: In a social contract. Citizens give up some of their freedoms in exchange for the government to protect their natural rights of life, liberty, and property. In return, the government has a responsibility to hold up their end of the social contract. If government does not hold up their end of the contract, citizens would no longer agreed to be government and they would have the right to revolt. This is known as “consent of the governed.”

Add “consent of the governed” to your activity sheet.

• According to the reading, Thomas Jefferson was inspired by John Locke.• Thomas Jefferson was

the primary author of the Declaration of Independence, the document that formally stated the colonies’ desire to be independent from England.• The Declaration of

Independence and the Revolutionary War are what led to the colonies becoming the United States.

Pass out “John Locke and the Declaration of Independence” activity sheet.

• We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.

• Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers form the consent of the governed.

• …whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it…

• A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

Explain how John Locke influence these ideas.

Read the excerpt aloud to the class.Summarize in your own words. Then determine

how John Locke influenced the excerpt.

Q: Based on these excerpts, what connection can you make between the ideas in the Declaration of Independence and John Locke’s ideas?

Q: How did John Locke influence Thomas Jefferson’s ideas about natural rights and government?

Look at the question on the bottom of your activity sheet. Answer it.

Another Enlightenment thinker: Baron de Montesquieu

Pass out “Baron de Montesquieu” reading from iCivics and activity sheet.

Read the first paragraph aloud, together.

Q: According to the text, what document did Montesquieu influence?

Answer on your activity sheet.

Use your partner and finish the rest of the activity sheet.

Look at the final question. “Based on what we’ve learned from the reading, Montesquieu influence the structure of our government. How would you evaluate his influence on the Founding Fathers?

Checking for Understanding

• Write a well-crafted, informative response using the following prompt:“Using what you learned from your readings, explain how John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu influence the Founding Fathers. Provide a specific example for Locke and Montesquieu.

C.1.1 BELL RINGER 11/6

Below is a newspaper headline:

APPROVAL RATING FOR PRESIDENT REACHES RECORD HIGH!What Enlightenment idea is represented by the headline?

A. separation of powersB. checks and balancesC. social contract D. natural law