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C OPPER AND N ICKEL TMDL D EVELOPMENT: L OWER S OUTH B AY. Presentation Overview. Scientifically Defensible Site Specific Objectives Key Elements of the TMDL Process Lessons Learned and Recommendations. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CCOPPER AND OPPER AND NNICKEL ICKEL TMDLTMDL DDEVELOPMENT:EVELOPMENT:
LLOWER OWER SSOUTH OUTH BBAYAY
CCOPPER AND OPPER AND NNICKEL ICKEL TMDLTMDL DDEVELOPMENT:EVELOPMENT:
LLOWER OWER SSOUTH OUTH BBAYAY
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Presentation OverviewPresentation OverviewPresentation OverviewPresentation Overview
Scientifically Defensible Site Specific Objectives
Key Elements of the TMDL Process
Lessons Learned and Recommendations
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Proposed SSOs for Copper and Nickel Proposed SSOs for Copper and Nickel for San Francisco Bay South of the for San Francisco Bay South of the Dumbarton BridgeDumbarton Bridge
Proposed SSOs for Copper and Nickel Proposed SSOs for Copper and Nickel for San Francisco Bay South of the for San Francisco Bay South of the Dumbarton BridgeDumbarton Bridge
Chronic6.9 g/l dissolved copper12 g/l dissolved nickel
Acute10.8 g/l dissolved copper62.4 g/l dissolved nickel
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Key Elements of the TMDL ProcessKey Elements of the TMDL ProcessKey Elements of the TMDL ProcessKey Elements of the TMDL Process
Stakeholder Involvement and City of San Jose Funding and Commitment
Source Characterization
Conceptual Model Development
Impairment Assessment
Copper and Nickel Action Plans
Task 1Task 1Conceptual Model Conceptual Model Report for Copper Report for Copper and Nickel in and Nickel in Lower South San Lower South San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
Task 1Task 1Conceptual Model Conceptual Model Report for Copper Report for Copper and Nickel in and Nickel in Lower South San Lower South San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
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Role of the Conceptual Model in Role of the Conceptual Model in the TMDL Projectthe TMDL ProjectRole of the Conceptual Model in Role of the Conceptual Model in the TMDL Projectthe TMDL Project
Summarize current understanding of Cu and Ni in Lower South San Francisco Bay
Communicate information to wide audience
Provide technical basis for project planning
Conceptual Model for Copper Conceptual Model for Copper Concentrations in the South BayConcentrations in the South BayConceptual Model for Copper Conceptual Model for Copper Concentrations in the South BayConcentrations in the South Bay
Average Average Total and Total and Dissolved Dissolved Copper Copper ConcentratioConcentration n (1993-1997 (1993-1997 Data)Data)
Average Average Total and Total and Dissolved Dissolved Copper Copper ConcentratioConcentration n (1993-1997 (1993-1997 Data)Data)
Copper Inventories and Loadings Copper Inventories and Loadings in in Lower South San Francisco BayLower South San Francisco Bay
Copper Inventories and Loadings Copper Inventories and Loadings in in Lower South San Francisco BayLower South San Francisco Bay
Copper Concentrations in Copper Concentrations in Lower South San Francisco BayLower South San Francisco BayCopper Concentrations in Copper Concentrations in Lower South San Francisco BayLower South San Francisco Bay
Copper Mass Balance ModelCopper Mass Balance ModelCopper Mass Balance ModelCopper Mass Balance Model
Simplified but realistic: Hydrodynamics generated from 3D model
Calculates Internal Loadings
Calculates Loading – Concentration Response
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How Would Bay Respond to a 250 How Would Bay Respond to a 250 kg Loading Change During Wet kg Loading Change During Wet Season?Season?
How Would Bay Respond to a 250 How Would Bay Respond to a 250 kg Loading Change During Wet kg Loading Change During Wet Season?Season? 250 kg would be a Significant
Change
Dissolved Concentrations:See bar chart
Conclude:Lower South Bay is Buffered for Cu
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Uncertainties and Uncertainties and Recommendations Recommendations for Additional Studiesfor Additional Studies
Uncertainties and Uncertainties and Recommendations Recommendations for Additional Studiesfor Additional Studies Limited Understanding of Processes in South
Bay• Sedimentation/Resuspension Dynamics• Adsorption/Desorption Kinetics• Biogeochemical processes influencing metal speciation• Effects of speciation and competing metals on
phytoplankton uptake and toxicity• Biological cycling in sediments and water column
Direct Data Limitation• Limited Sediment Core Data• Nonpoint source tributary loads • Food web transfer• Resuspension fluxes and other sediment-water
interactions
Task 2Task 2Impairment Impairment Assessment Report Assessment Report for Copper and for Copper and Nickel in Lower Nickel in Lower South San South San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
Task 2Task 2Impairment Impairment Assessment Report Assessment Report for Copper and for Copper and Nickel in Lower Nickel in Lower South San South San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
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Task 2: Impairment AssessmentTask 2: Impairment AssessmentTask 2: Impairment AssessmentTask 2: Impairment Assessment
Compile and evaluate data on ambient concentrations and toxicity information
Identify, evaluate and select indicators of beneficial-use impairment
Develop endpoints for the selected indicators
Assess levels of uncertainty
Recommend numeric values for site-specific objectives
Purpose: To present new information and to re-evaluate the determination that the beneficial uses of the South Bay are impaired due to ambient concentrations of copper and nickel.
Goals:
Strategy to Assess Impairment of Strategy to Assess Impairment of Beneficial UsesBeneficial UsesStrategy to Assess Impairment of Strategy to Assess Impairment of Beneficial UsesBeneficial Uses
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Proposed IndicatorsProposed IndicatorsProposed IndicatorsProposed Indicators
Individual Species Toxicity Tests
Aquatic Ecological Risk Assessment Protocol (AERAP)
Site-Specific Studies
Phytoplankton
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Ratio of Simultaneously Extracted Metals to Acid Volatile Sulfides (SEM/AVS)
Charismatic Macrofuna: Harbor Seals and Birds
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Phytoplankton ToxicityPhytoplankton ToxicityPhytoplankton ToxicityPhytoplankton Toxicity
Phytoplankton in laboratory experiments are sensitive to concentrations of free ionic Cu that have been measured in the South Bay
Several site-specific water quality variables that must be taken into account to predict the toxicity of free ionic copper
Insufficient data to predict the effects of free ionic Cu in the South Bay
Several unanswered questions regarding the applicability of the test results to developing water quality objectives
Conceptual Model for Copper Conceptual Model for Copper Concentrations in the South BayConcentrations in the South BayConceptual Model for Copper Conceptual Model for Copper Concentrations in the South BayConcentrations in the South Bay
Copper Copper Uptake and Uptake and Toxicity in Toxicity in PhytoplanktoPhytoplanktonn
Copper Copper Uptake and Uptake and Toxicity in Toxicity in PhytoplanktoPhytoplanktonn
Range of pMRange of pM++ Values in Oceanic Values in Oceanic and Estuarine Environmentand Estuarine EnvironmentRange of pMRange of pM++ Values in Oceanic Values in Oceanic and Estuarine Environmentand Estuarine Environment
Spatial and Temporal Variability in Spatial and Temporal Variability in Picocyanobacteria in San Picocyanobacteria in San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
Spatial and Temporal Variability in Spatial and Temporal Variability in Picocyanobacteria in San Picocyanobacteria in San Francisco BayFrancisco Bay
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Lessons LearnedLessons LearnedLessons LearnedLessons Learned
Substantial amount of data and information required to implement science-based approach
Additional technical information required to support regulatory decision making process
Comprehensive monitoring programs do not meet all the information requirements of the regulatory decision-making process