EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

3000 BC

2900 Uruk 1st Dynasty

Meskiaggashir 2770 ?

Enmerkar 2750 ?

Old Kingdom 3rd Dynasty

Lugalbanda 2740 ?

2800 Hor-Sanakhte 2707-2690

Dumuzi 2720 ?

Djoser 2690-2670 ▼

2700 Djoserti 2670-2663 ▼

Hor-Khaba 2663-2655 ▼

Huni 2655-2639

Gilgamesh 2652-2602

Old Kingdom 4th Dynasty

Urlungal I. & Utulkalama

Snofru 2639-2604

Labasher & Ennunadanna

Khufu 2604-2581

Meshe 2600 ?

Djedefre 2581-2572 ▼

2600 Khafre 2572-2546 Mulamanna Lagash 1st

DynastyBakare

2546-2539 ▼ Enhengal 2550

Menaukre 2539-2511

Lugalkingenesh-Dudu 2520 ?

Lugalshagensur 2530?

C O M P R E H E N S I V E M I D D L E E A S T K I

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Early Dynastic Period rulers

not listed here

click on comment

for short list

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Shepseskaf 2511-2506

Uruk 2nd Dynasty

Ur-nanše 2520

Djedefptah 2506-2504

Enpirigdu-Anna 2510 ▼

Old Kingdom 5th Dynasty Akshak ▼ Ur

1st Dynasty ▼

Userkaf 2504-2496

Zuzu 2500

Urlugal II. & Arga-Ande-A

Mes-kalam-dug 2500 ▼

2500 Sahure 2496-2483 ▼ ▼ ▼ Aja-kurgal

2490Neferirkare 2483-2463 ▼ Enukduanna A-kalam-dug E-ana-tum

2470Shepseskare 2463-2456 ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Neferefre 2456-2445 Undalulu

2450Lugalkinishedudu

2450Mes-ane-pada

2450En-ana-tum I.

2450Niuserre

2445-2414 Ur-Ur ▼ ▼ En-metena 2430

Menkauhor 2414-2405 Puzur-Nirah ▼ ▼ En-ana-tum II.

2400Djedkare

2405-2367 Ishu-II Lugalkisalsi & Lugaltar ?-2371 ▼ En-entar-zi

2380

2400 Unas 2367-2347 ▼ ▼ ▼ Lugal-anda

2384-2378 Old Kingdom 6th Dynasty

Shu-Shu 2360 ▼ ▼ ▼

Teti II. 2347-2337

Unzi-Il-Ur 2330 ▼ ▼ ▼

Userkare 2337-2335 Ebla Akkad Assyria

1st DynastyUruk

3rd Dynasty A-ane-pada Urukagina 2371-2347

2300 Pepi I. 2336-2285 Igrish-Halam Sargon I.

2335-2279starting 2300 BC

Tuija, Adamu, JanqiLugalzagesi 2341-2316

Lugalzagesi 2341-2316

Lugalzagesi 2341-2316

Merenre I. 2285-2279 Irkab-Damu Rimus

2279-2270Sahlamu/Kitlamu,

Harharu ▼ Ensis Gov. Ki-ku-id 2260

Pepi II. 2279-2219 Ar-Ennum Manistusu

2270-2255 Mandaru, Emtsu/Imsu Mes-ki-age-nuna Engilsa 2250 Ur-a 2230

Merenre II. 2219-2218 Ibrium Naram-Sin

2255-2218 Hartsu/Harsu, Didanu ▼ Lugalusumgal 2200

Nitokris 2218-2216 Ibbi-Sipish Sar-kali-sarri

2218-2193 Hanu, Zuabu E-lu-lu Puzur-Mama, Ur-Utu

Uruk controlled by Akkad

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

2200 Dubuhu-Ada Irgigi, Nanum, Imi & Elulu 2193-2190 Nuabu, Abazu ▼ Ur-Mama,

Lu-BabaDudu

2190-2169 Belu, Azarah Ba-lu-lu Lugula, Kaku

Su-durul 2169-2154 ▼ Uruk

4th Dynasty Ur

2nd DynastyLagash

2nd Dynasty▼ Ur-Nigin

2154-2147 Ka-ku Ur-Baba 2164-2144

Akkad falls to Gutea & city destroyed

Uspia 2150 ?

Ur-gigir 2147-2141 ▼ Gudea

2144-2124

Apiasal ▼ ▼ ▼

Assyria 2nd Dynasty Lugalmelam ▼ Urningirsu

2124-2118Hale,

SamanuKuda

2141-2135 ▼ Pirigme 2118-2117

Hajanu, Ilu-Mer Puzur-ili 2135-2130 ▼ Ur-Gar

2117-2113

Jakmesi, Jakmeni Ur-Utu 2130-2124

Ur 3rd Dynasty

Nammahani 2113-2110

Jazkur-Ilu, Ilu-Kabhabuhu,

Aminu

Uruk 5th Dynasty

Ur-Nammu 2113-2095

Assyria 3rd Dynasty

Utu-Hegal 2124-2113

Šulgi 2095-2047

2100 Sulili 2077-2059

Amar-Sin 2047-2038

Kikkia 2058-2042

Šu-Sin 2038-2029 Larsa

Akia 2041-2021

Ibbi-Sin 2029-2004

Naplanum 2026-2005

Puzur-Aššur 2020-2001

Emisum 2005-1977

2000 Šalim-ahum 2000-1985

Samium 1977-1942

Ilu-šuma 1984-1975

Zabaja 1942-1933

Mid Kingdom 12th Dynasty

Erišum I. 1974-1935

Gungunum 1933-1906

Amenemhet I. 1939-1909

Ikunum/Ikunu 1934-1921

Abisare 1906-1895

First Interrim Period rulers

not listed here

2112 BC kings of Ur take over until

2002 BC

2002-1885 BC changing rule in Uruk between kings of Isin &

Larsa

Ebla destroyed by Naram-Sin

of Akkad

governor of Isin general Ishbi-erra

formed new Ur dynasty

(2017-1794 BC)

2110 BC Lagaš falls under

control of 3rd Ur Dynasty under

Ur-Nammu

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

▼ Sarrum-ken/Sargon I. 1920-1881

Uruk 6th Dynasty

Sumuel 1895-1866

1900 Senusret I. 1909-1875

Puzur-Aššur II. 1880-1873

Sin-Kashid 1885-1852 ▼

Amenemhet II. 1875-1843

Naram-Sin 1872-1840 ▼ Nur-Adad

1866-1850

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ Sin-Eribam 1852-?

Sin-iddinam 1850-1843

Senusret II. 1843-1837 ▼ ▼ Sin-eribam

1843-1841Senusret III. 1837-1818

Iri-šu II. / Erišum II. 1839-1813 ▼ Sin-iqisam

1841-1836

▼ ▼ ▼ Sillid-Adad 1836-1835

▼ ▼ Sin-Gamil ?-1823

Warad-Sin 1835-1823

1800 Amenemhet III. 1818-1773 ▼ Anam

1823-1818 ▼

▼ Qatna Jamchad Ugarit Assyria 4th Dynasty ▼ Rim-Sin I.

1823-1763

▼ Ibal-pi'el Jarim-lim I. 1800

Yaqaru 1800-1750 ?

Šamši-Adad I. 1813-1781

Rim-Anum 1810

1762-1738 Babylon vasall

Amenemhet IV. 1773-1764

Ishichi-Addu 1750 Aba'el Ibiranu I.

1750-1700 ?Išme-Dagan I.

1781-1741Nabi-Ilishu

?-1802Hammurabi 1762-1750

Sobeknefru 1763-1759

Samsi-Addu II. 1769-1712 Jarim-lim II. Niqmaddu

1750-1700 ?Mut-Askur 1741-? Rimu-xxx, Asinum

Šamšu-iluna 1750-1738

Amut-pi'el 1700 Sumu-epuch Niqmepa I.

1700 Period of usurpers ▼

1700 ▼ ▼ Ibiranu II. 1700-1670 ?

Aššur-dugul 1735-1730

Rim-Sin II. 1737

▼ ▼ Niqmepa II. 1670-1650 ?

Aššur-apla-idi, Nasir-Sin, Sin-namir

finally under Babylon control

Naplimma ▼ Hammurapi I. 1650

Ipqi-Ištar, Adad-salulu, Adasi

Sin-Addu ▼ ▼Adasi Dynasty

Belu-bani 1680-1671 Libaja 1670-1654

Ulasuda ▼ Niqmepa III. 1650-1600 ?

Šarma-Adad I. 1653-1642Second

1802 BC Uruk falls under control of Larsa again &

thereafter Babylon

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

▼ ▼ Ibiranu III. 1650-1600 ?

Ibtar-Sin 1641-1630

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ Bazaja 1629-1602

1600 ▼ ▼ Ya'dur-Addu 1600

Lullaja 1601-1596

▼ ▼ Ammistamru 1600-1580 ?

Šu-Ninua 1596-1583

▼ ▼ ▼ Šarma-Adad II. 1582-1580

▼ ▼ Ibiranu IV. 1580-1550 ?

Erisum III. 1597-1567

▼ ▼ ▼ Šamši-Adad II. 1566-1561

▼ ▼ ▼ Išme-Dagan II. 1560-1545

New Kingdom 18th Dynasty ▼ ▼ Niqmepa IV.

1550-1500 ?Šamši-Adad III.

1544-1529Ahmose I. 1539-1514 ▼ ▼ ▼ Aššur-nirari I.

1528-1503

1500 Amenhotep I. 1514-1493 ▼ ▼ Puzur-Aššur III.

1502-1479Tuthmosis I. 1493-1482 ▼ Hammurapi II.

1500-1450 ?Enlil-nasir 1478-1466

▼ ▼ ▼ Nur-ili 1465-1454

▼ ▼ ▼ Aššur-šaduni (1 month)

Tuthmosis II. 1482-1479 ▼ ▼ Aššur-rabi I.

1453-1435 ?

Hatshepsut 1479-1458 ▼ Idrini

1490-1460 ▼ Aššur-nadin-ahhe I. 1434-1421 ?

Tuthmosis III. 1458-1426 ▼ Niqmepa

1460-1420Archalbu I.

1450-1400 ?Enlil-nasir II. 1420-1415

Amenhotep II. 1426-1400

Ilim-ilimma II. 1420-???? ▼ Aššur-nirari II.

1415-1408

▼ ▼ ▼ Aššur-Bel-nisešu 1408-1399

1400 Tuthmosis IV. 1400-1390 ▼ Niqmepa V.

1400-1350 ?Aššur-rim-nisešu

1399-1391

Interim Period rulers

not listed here

approx 1500 BC Jamchad became vassal to invading

Hurritic Mittani empire

Egyptian Amenhotep II. tried to attack Qatna but was

not able to conquer it

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Amenhotep III. 1390-1353 ▼ ▼ ▼ Aššur-nadin-ahhe II.

1391-1381

Amenhotep IV. or Ankhenaten

1353-1336Adad-nirari ▼ ▼ Middle Empire

Smenkhkare 1335-1332

Idadda 1350-1320 ▼ Ammistamru II.

?-1349 Eriba-Adad I. 1381-1354

▼ Idanda Niqmaddu II. 1349-1315 ▼

Tutankhaten 1332-1323 ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ Aššur-uballit I. 1354-1318

Ay II. 1323-1319 ▼ Archalbu II.

1315-1313 ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ Enlil-nirari 1318-1308

1300 Horemheb 1319-1292

Akizzi 1300 ▼ Arik-den-ili

1308-1296New Kingdom 19th Dynasty ▼ Niqmepa VI.

1313-1265Adad-nirari I. 1296-1264

Ramses I. 1292-1290 ▼ ▼ ▼

Seti I. 1290-1279 ▼ Ammistamru III.

1265-1240 ▼

Ramses II. 1279-1213 ▼ ▼ Salmanasser I.

1264-1234

▼ ▼ Ibiranu VI. 1240-1225 ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ Niqamaddu III. 1225-1215

Tukulti-ninurta I. 1234-1197

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Merneptah 1213-1204 ▼ ▼

1200 Seti II. 1204-1198 ▼ Hammurapi III.

1215-1194/88

Babylon King Adad-suma-usur attacked Assyria & installed

Hittite King Suppiluliuma I. took over control from Mittani when he extended his Anatolian empire into

fertile Syria & Levante

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Amenmesses 1203-1200 ▼

Siptah 1198-1193 ▼ Aššur-nadin-apli

1197-1193Twosret

1193-1190 ▼ Aššur-nirari III. 1192-1187

New Kingdom 20th Dynasty ▼ Enlil-kudurri-ušur

1187-1182Setnakhte 1190-1187 ▼ Ninurta-apil-Ekur

1182-1179Ramses III. 1187-1156 ▼ Aššur-dan I.

1179-1133

Ramses IV. 1156-1150 ▼ Ninurta-tukulti-Aššur &

Mutakkil-Nuška 1133

Ramses V. 1150-1145 ▼ ▼

Ramses VI. 1145-1137 ▼ ▼

Ramses VII. 1137-1129 ▼ ▼

Ramses VIII. 1129-1128 ▼ Aššur-reš-iši I.

1133-1115Ramses IX. 1127-1109 ▼ Tiglath-pileser I.

1115-1076

▼ ▼ ▼

Ramses X. 1109-1105 ▼ ▼

1100 ▼ ▼ Ašarid-apil-Ekur 1075-1074

Ramses XI. 1105-1070 ▼ Aššur-bel-kala

1073-1056

▼ Eriba-Adad II. 1055-1054

▼ Šamši-Adad IV. 1053-1050

Aššur-nasir-apli I. 1049-1031

▼

Salmanasser II. 1030-1019

vassal king

1192 BC sea people totally

destroyed Ugarit

Qatna under Assurnasirpal I. reign part of

Nuhašše

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

▼ Aššur-nirari IV. 1018-1013

1000 ▼ Aššur-rabi I. 1012-972

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ Aššur-reš-iši II. 971-967

▼ Tiglath-pileser II. 967-935

▼ Aššur-dan II. 935-912

Qatna 2nd Phase Neo Assyria Empire

900 Adad-nirari II. 912-891

Tukulti-Ninurta II. 891-884

Aššur-nasir-apli II. 884-859

Salmanasser III. 859-824

▼

Šamši-Adad V. 824-811

800 Adad-nirari III. 811-783

Saba 800BC-275AD

▼

Third Interim Period rulers

not listed here,

please see separate list on website

Yemeni Kingdoms

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

king list ▼

Hadramaut 800BC-340AD

Salmanasser IV. 783-773

king list Aššur-dan III. 773-755

Awsan 800 - 450 BC

Aššur-nirari V. 755-745

no known kings ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ Tiglath-pileser III. 745-726 ◄▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬

▼ Salmanasser V. 726-722

Qataban 750BC-160AD Sargonid Dynasty

king list Sargon II. 721-705

700 Ma'in 700 - 25 BC

Sennacherib 705-680

king list ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

on website

kings not

known by 530 Qatna was

deserted

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

▼ ▼

Late Period Assyrian Rule ▼ ▼

Assarhaddon 680-669 ▼ Assarhaddon

680-669 ◄▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬Assurbanipal

669-664 ▼ Aššurbanipal III. 669-631

▼ ▼ Ašur-etel-ilani 631-627

▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ ▼

Late Period 26th Dynasty ▼ ▼

Psamtik I. 664-610 ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ Sin-šumu-lišir (few months) ◄▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬

Nekau II. 610-595 ▼ Sin-šar-iškun

626-612

600 Psamtik II. 595-589 ▼ Aššur-uballit II.

612-610

Wahibre 589-570 ▼

Ahmose II. 570-526 ▼

Psamtik III. 526-525 ▼

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

Late Period 27th Dynasty Nabataea ▼

Cambyses II. 530-522 ▼

500Darius I. 521-486 ▼

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Xerxes I. 485-465 ▼

Artaxerxes I. 465-424 ▼

Xerxes II. 424 ▼

Sogdianus 424-423 ▼

Darius II. 423-405 ▼

Artaxerxes II. 404-402 ▼

400Artaxerxes III.

358-338 ▼

Artaxerxes IV. 338-336 ▼

Darius III. 336-330 ▼

Greek Rule ▼

Alex the Great 332-323 ▼

Philippos Arridaios 323-317 ▼

Alexander IV 317-310 ▼ Seleucia

300 Ptolemaios I. 305-283 ▼ Seleucus I.

312-281Ptolemaios II.

285-246 ▼ Antiochus I. 281-261

▼ ▼ Antiochus II. 261-246

Ptolemaios III. 246-221 ▼ Seleucus II.

246-225

▼ ▼ Seleucus III. 225-223

Ptolemaios IV. 221-204 ▼ Antiochus III.

223-187

200 Ptolemaios V. 204-180 ▼ Seleucus IV.

187-175Ptolemaios VI. 1st rule 180-164

Aretas I. 170 ▼ Antiochus IV.

175-163

start of trading activities

around 500 BC, including

military campaigns,

but first known king only 170

BC

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

Ptolemaios VIII. 1st rule 164 ▼ ▼ Antiochus V.

164-162Ptolemaios VI. 2nd rule 163-145 ▼ ▼ Demetrius I.

162-150Ptolemaios VII.

145 ▼ ▼ Alexander B. 150-145

Ptolemaios VIII. 2nd rule 145-131 ▼ ▼ Demetrius II.

145-139Cleopatra II.

131-127 ▼ ▼ under Achaemenid rule

Ptolemaios VIII. 3rd rule 127-116

Aretas II. 120-96 ▼

Ptolemaios IX. 1st rule 116-110 ▼ ▼

Ptolemaios X. 1st rule 110-109 ▼ Himyar

110BC-370AD

100 Ptolemaios IX. 2nd rule 109-107

Rabbel I. 100 king list

Ptolemaios X. 2nd rule 107-88

Obodas I. 96-85

Ptolemaios IX. 3rd rule 88-81 ▼

Berenice III. 81-80 ▼

Ptolemaios XI. 80

Aretas III. 85-62

Ptolemaios XII. 1st rule 80-58

Obodas II. 62-60

Berenice IV. 58-55 ▼

Ptolemaios XII. 2nd rule 55-51 ▼

Cleopatra VII. 51-30

Malichus I. 60-30

Roman rule in Egypt

Obodas III. 30-9

▼

▼

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

0 Aretas IV. 9 BC - 40 ADMalichus II.

40-70Rabbel II.

70-106Roman

take over

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

EGYPT clic for chrono clic for explanations clic for cities M E S

Period Egypt Qatna Nabataea

Jamchad Yemen

Ebla Ugarit

Akshak Akkad

Assyria Seleucia Uruk Ur Lagash

Larsa

L E V A N T & A R A B I A N P E N I N S U L A

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

Kiš Early Rulers not historically proven,

see listKish

1st Dynasty Etana 2800

Baliich

En-Menunna

Mulam-Kiš

Bargal-Nunna Early Elam

▼ unnamed king 2700

Mes-Si,ug Humban-Hapua I. 2680

Tizgar Humban-Shutur

Il-Kum ▼

Il-Tasadum 2615 Kutir-Lakamar

Mebaragesi 2615-2585 ▼

Agga 2585-2550 ▼

Kish 2nd Dynasty ▼

Mesalim 2550

Elam Awan Dynasty

▼ 3 unknown kings 2580-2550

Dadasig ▼

N G L I S T - over 1,000 kings (click on ruler names with red top right corner for full details)

P E R S

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Mamagalla Peli 2500

Galbum ▼

Umma Tug-E ▼

Ush 2490 Mennunna ▼

En-a'Kala 2470 ▼ ▼

Ur-Lumma 2460 ▼ Igrish-Halam

2460

▼ ▼ ▼

Il 2450

En-Bi-Ishtar 2450

Irkab-Damu 2450

▼ Lugal-Mu, Ibiera 2400

Ar-Ennum 2420

▼ Kish 3rd Dynasty ▼

Gish-akki-du 2390

Kubaba 2400

Tata, Ukku-Takhesh

▼ ▼ Khishur, Shushun-Tarana

▼ ▼ Napi-Ilush I., Kikku-Sive-Temti

▼ Kish 4th Dynasty Khishep-Ratep I. Anshan

Bubu 2380

Puzur-Sin 2380 Mari Luh-Ishshan

2350/25 unnamed king

2350

Lugalzagesi 2341-2316

5th Dynasty Ur-Zababa 2370 Iblul-il

Autalummash, Khishep-Ratep II. ,

Khelu 2300▼

Simudar, Usi-Watar Itur-Šamagan Khita

2275 ▼

Gutaea Ishtar-Muti, Ishme-Shamash Lamgi-Mari Shinpi-hish-huk ▼

Erridpuzzir 2210 Imta 2207-2204

Nannia 2230

Kutik-Inshushinak 2240 ▼

Inkisus 2204-2198 Sarlagab 2198-2195 ▼ ▼

King Naram-Sin of Akkad

destroyed Mari between

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Sulme 2195-2189 Elulumes 2189-2183 ▼ ▼

Inimabakes 2183-2178 Igesa-us 2178-2172

Shakkanakku Dynasty ▼ ▼

Iarlagab 2172-2157 Ibate 2157-2154 ▼ ▼

Iarlangab 2154-2151 ▼ ▼

Kurum 2151-2150 Habilkin 2150-2147 Tazitta I. ▼

La-erabum 2147-2145 Irarum 2145-2143 Ibranum2143-2142

Eparti ▼

Hablum 2142-2140 Puzursin 2140-2133

Tazitta II. 2120 ▼

Iarlaganda 2133-2127 Si-um 2127-2120 ▼ ▼

Tirigan 2120-2119 ▼ ▼

Ištup-Ilum ▼ ▼

Eshnunna ▼ 2078 BC Susa conquered by Ur

Shalabum 2068-2064

Urguedinna 2000 BC ▼ Elam

Simaški DynastyLibum

2064-2041

Kallamu Idi-Ilum Tazitta I. 2040, Gir-Namme I. 2030

unnamed king 2041-2037

Isin 1st Dynasty

Ituriya 2015 ▼ Ebarti I., Tazitta II.,

Gir-Namme II. 2033 ▼

Isbi-Irra 2018-1985

Ilšu-iliya 2015 ▼ Lurak-Luhhan 2022,

Tan-Ruhuratir I. unnamed king

????-2017Su-ilisu

1985-1975Nur-Ahum,

Kirikiri Tura-Dagan Kindattu, Hutran-Temti 2006

Kutir-Nahhunte I. 2006

Iddin-Dagan 1975-1954

Bialalama Išar-Ramashu ▼ Pepi, Indattu I.

TanRuhuratirII. unnamed king

Isme-Dagan 1954-1935

Uššus-Awasu 1940 ▼ Indattu II.

Indattu-Temti ▼

Lipit-Ishtar 1935-1924

Azuzum Ur-Nin-Mar Puzur-Ištar Idatta-napir

1982 ▼

Ur-Ninurta 1924-1896

Old Babylon 1st Dynasty Ur-Nin-Gizz-Idda ▼ Elam

Ebartid Dynasty ▼

between

2300-2250 BC

start of new dynasty, between

2266-1938 BC rapid rebuilt with new city lay-out

by Shakkanakku dynasty, built new palace

at this time Ur controlled South

Mesopotamia

Gutaea rulers were forced out by Utu-

Hegal of Uruk during 2119-2112 BC

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Bur-Sin 1896-1874

Sumu-abum 1894-1881 Iqip-Adad I. ▼ Ebarti II.

1973Ebarti II.

1973Lipit-Enlil

1874-1869Sumu-la-el 1881-1845 Shiklanum Ištup-Ilum Šilhaha

Irra-imitti 1869-1861 ▼ Abdi-Erah

1895 ▼ Pala-Iššan 1928

Enlil-bani 1861-1837 ▼ Sharr-Ija ▼ Lan-Kuku

Kuku-Sanit

▼ Sabium 1845-1831 Belakum Milaga Atta-Hušu

1928-1894

▼ ▼ Warassa ▼ Tetep-Mada 1890

Zambija 1837-1834 ▼ Ibal-Pi-El I.

Ipiq-Adad II. ▼ Kuk-Kirmaš

▼ ▼ Naram-Sin 1822-1812

Iaggid-Lim 1835 Tem-sanit

Iter-pisa 1834-1831

Apil-Sin 1831-1813 Dannum-tahaz ▼ Kuk-Nahhunte

Ur-dukuga 1831-1828 ▼ Ibni-Erra,

Iqi š-Ti špak ▼ Kuk-Našur I.

Sin-magir 1828-1817 ▼ Daduša

1812-1762Iahdun-Lim 1820-1797

Širuk-tuh Šimut-wartaš I.

Damiq-ilisu 1817-1794

Sin-muballit 1813-1793

Ibal-Pi-El II. 1784-1762

Silli-Sin 1762-?

Iasmah-Adad 1797-1780

Siwe-Palar-Khuppak 1775-1765

Hammurabi 1793-1750

Ikiš-Tišpak 1735 Anni ?-1727

Zimri-Lim 1780-1761 Kuduzuluš I.

Šamšu-iluna 1750-1712 Babylon Sealand Hittite Kutir-Nahhunte II.

▼ Ilumael 1783-1724

Kassite 1st Dynasty Pithana Atta-Merra-Khalki

Abi-ešuh 1712-1684

Itti-ili-nibi 1723-1667

Gandaš I. 1729-1704

Anitta 1700 Tata II.

▼ ▼ Agum I. 1704-1682 Lila-Irtaš

Ammi-ditana 1684-1647

Damiq-ilisu 1666-1641

Kaštiliaš 1682-1659 Tempti-Agun

Ammi-saduqa 1647-1626 ▼

Ušši, Abirattaš

1659-????Kutir-Šilhaha I.

▼ ▼ Kaštiliaš II. Kuk-Našur II. 1646

approx. 1760 BC

Mari destroyed again by King Hammurapi of Babylon

1794 BC Isin falls to Larsa

unknown kings until

Labarna weak & reduced empire

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

▼ Iskibal 1640-1626 ▼ Temti-Rapaš

▼ ▼ ▼ Old Hittite Kingdom ▼

Šamšu-ditana 1626-1595

Sussi 1625-1602 Urzigurumaš Labarna I.

1629 Šimut-wartaš II.

Gulkisar 1601-1547

Harba-šipak or Hurbazum

Hattusili I. 1629-1604 Širtuh

▼ ▼ Mursili I. 1604-1594 Kuduzuluš II.

▼ ▼ Tiptakzi or šiptahulzi

Hantili I. 1604-1574 Tan-Uli

Middle Babylon 2nd Dynasty ◄▬▬► 2nd Kassite Dynasty Zidanta I.

1574-1564 Temti-Halki

Agum II. Kakrime 1594-1571 ▼ Agum II. Kakrime

1594-1571 Ammuna

1564-1544Kuk-Našur III. Kuk-Našur IV.

Burna-buriaš I. 1570-? ▼ Burna-buriaš I.

1570-?Huzziya I. 1544-1539 Kutik-Matlat

▼ Isten 1546-1535 ▼ Mittani Telipinu

1539-1519Elam

Kidinuid Dynasty

Kastiliasu III. Pesgaldaramas 1534-1485 Kastiliasu III. Kirta Middle

Kingdom Kidinu

▼ ▼ ▼ Šuttarna I. Tahurwaili ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ Parrattarna I. 1500-1470 Alluwamma Inšušinak-sunkir-

nappipirUlam-buriaš

1430 ▼ Ulam-buriaš 1430 ▼ Hantili II. ▼

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Tan-Ruhurater III.

▼ ▼ ▼ Paršatatar 1470-1450

Zidanta II. 1450 ▼

Agum III. 1415

Adarakalamma 1448-1457

Agum III. 1415 ▼ Hurriya II. Šalla

Karaindaš Ekurduanna 1456-1431 Karaindaš Sauštatar

1450-1410 Muwattalli I. ▼

▼ Melamkurkurra 1430-1324 ▼ Artatama I.

1410-1400Tudhaliya I. 1420-1400 Tepti-Ahar

Kardašman-Harbe I. Ea-gamil 1423-1415 Kardašman-Harbe I. ▼ Arnuwanda I.

1400-1375Elam Igehalkid

DynastyKara-indaš Kara-indaš Šutarna II.

1400-1375Tudhaliya II. 1375-1355 Ata-HalkiSealand

conquered by

1595 BC Hittite King Mursili I. conquered

Babylon

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Kurigalzu I. ?-1383

Kurigalzu I. ?-1383

Artaššumara 1375-1370

Hattusili II. 1371-1355 Attar-Kittah I.

Kadašman-Enlil I. 1382-1366

Kadašman-Enlil I. 1382-1366

Tušratta 1370-1350

Tudhaliya III. 1355 Ige-Halki

Burna-buriaš II. 1365-1338

Burna-buriaš II. 1365-1338 Artatama II. Great Empire Pahir-Iššan

1375Kara-Hardaš 1337-1336

Kara-Hardaš 1337-1336 Šutarna III. Suppiluliuma I.

1355-1320 Kidin-Hutran I.

Nazi-Bugaš 1336

Nazi-Bugaš 1336

Šattiwazza 1350-1320 ▼ Attar-Kittah II.

Kuri-galzu II. 1335-1308

Kuri-galzu II. 1335-1308

Arnuwanda II. 1320-1318

Humban-numena 1300-1275

▼ ▼ Musili II. 1318-1290 Untaš-Napiriša

▼ ▼ Šattuara I. 1320-1300 ▼ ▼

Nazi-Maruttaš 1308-1282

Nazi-Maruttaš 1308-1282

Wasašatta 1300-1280 ▼ ▼

Kadašman-Turgu 1282-1264

Kadašman-Turgu 1282-1264

Šattuara II. 1280-1267

Muwattalli II. 1290-1272 Kidin-Hutran II.

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ Mursili III. 1272-1266 ▼

Kadašman-Enlil II. 1264-1255

Kadašman-Enlil II. 1264-1255

Hattusili III. 1266-1236 ▼

Kudur-Enlil 1255-1246

Kudur-Enlil 1255-1246 ▼ ▼

Šagarakti-šuriaš 1246-1233

Šagarakti-šuriaš 1246-1233

Tudhaliya IV. 1236-1215

Napiriša-Untaš 1240-1235

Kaštiliaš IV. 1233-1225

Kaštiliaš IV. 1233-1225 ▼ Pahir-Iššan II.

Enlil-nadin-šumi 1225-1225

Enlil-nadin-šumi 1225-1225 ▼ ▼

Kadašman-Harbe II. 1224-1223

Kadašman-Harbe II. 1224-1223

Kurunta 1220 Unpatar-Napiriša

Adad-šuma-iddina 1223-1217

Adad-šuma-iddina 1223-1217 ▼ Kidin-Hutran III.

1235-1205Adad-šuma-ušur

1217-1187Adad-šuma-ušur

1217-1187 ▼ ▼

▼ ▼ Arnuwanda III. 1215-1214

Elam Šutrukid Dynasty

conquered by

Kassite

during reign of these 3 kings

Babylon under Assyrian rule

Mittani becomes Hittite

vassal

Assyria Salmaneser I.

annexed Mittani

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

3rd Babylon Dynasty ◄▬▬► 3rd Kassite Dynasty Suppiluliuma II. 1214-1190

Hallutuš-Inšušinak 1205-1185

Meli-Sipak 1187-1172

Meli-Sipak 1187-1172 Mašuitta ▼

▼ ▼ Hartapu ▼

Marduk-apla-iddima I. 1172-1159

Marduk-apla-iddima I. 1172-1159 Kuziteššup Šutruk-Nahhunte II.

1185-1155Zababa-suma-iddina

1159-1158Zababa-suma-iddina

1159-1158 ▼

Enlil-nadin-ahi 1158-1155

Enlil-nadin-ahi 1158-1155 ▼

Kudur-nachunte II. 1155-1125 short Elam rule Kudur-nachunte II.

1155-1125 ◄▬▬ ▬▬► Kudur-Nahhunte III. 1155-1150

Isin 2nd Dynasty

Neo Babylon 4th Dynasty ▼

Marduk-kabit-ahhesu 1155-1140

Marduk-kabit-ahhesu 1155-1140 ▼

Itti-Marduk-balatu 1140-1132

Itti-Marduk-balatu 1140-1132

Šilhak-Inšušinak I. 1150-1120

Ninurta-nadin-sumi 1132-1126

Ninurta-nadin-sumi 1132-1126 ▼

Nebuchadnezzar I. 1126-1104

Nebuchadnezzar I. 1126-1104

Huletutuš-Inšušinak 1120-1110

Enlil-nadin-apli 1104-1100

Enlil-nadin-apli 1104-1100

Šilhina-Hamru-Lagamar 1110-?

Marduk-nadin-ahhe 1100-1082

Marduk-nadin-ahhe 1100-1082

Marduk-sapik-zeri 1082-1069

Marduk-sapik-zeri 1082-1069

Adad-apla-iddina 1069-1047

Adad-apla-iddina 1069-1047

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

Marduk-ahhe-eriba 1047-1046

Marduk-ahhe-eriba 1047-1046

Marduk-zer-xxx 1046-1034

Marduk-zer-xxx 1046-1034 Humban-Nimena II.

Nabu-sumu-libur 1034-1026

Nabu-sumu-libur 1034-1026 Šutruk-Nahhunte II.

Baylonian King Nebukadnezar

conquered Elam, which never got involved again in

Mesopotamia thereafter

Babylonian rule in Elam from

1100-760 BC

unthroned by 2nd dynasty of Isin / 4th dynasty of Babylon

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Neo Babylon 5th Dynasty

2nd Sealand Dynasty ▼

Simbar-Sipak 1026-1008

Simbar-sipak 1029-1008 Akšir-Šimut

Ea-mukin-zeri 1008 (5 months)

Ea-mukin-zeri 1008 (5 months) ▼

Kassu-nadin-ahhe 1008-1005

Kassu-nadin-ahhe 1008-1006 Akšir-Nahhunte

6th Dynasty - Bazi Eulmaš-šakin-šumi

1005-988▼

Ninurta-kudirri-ušur I. 988-985 Kara-Indaš

Sirikti-Suqamuna 985 (3 months) ▼

7th Dynasty - Elam Mar-biti-apla-ušur

985-979◄▬▬ ▬▬▬▬▬ ▬▬▬▬ ▬▬► Mar-biti-apla-ušur

983-978

8th Dynasty Nabu-mukin-apli

979-9439th Dynasty

Ninurta-kudirri-ušur II. 943 (8 months)

Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina 942-???

Samasd-mudammiq 912

Nabu-šuma-ukin I. 891-889 ?

▼ Urartu

Nabu-apla-iddina 853/52 ?

Arama 858-843

Marduk-zakir-šumi 836-825 ?

Lutipri 842-833 ?

Marduk-balaššu-iqbi ???-813

Sarduri I. 832-825

Baha-aha-iddina 812-???

Ispuini 825-810

Ninurta-apla-xxx 796-793 ?

Minua 810-785

Late or Neo Elam Humban-Tahrid D.

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Marduk-bel-zeri 793-784 ? ▼ unnamed king

812Marduk-apla-usur

773 ?Argisti I. 785-753 Hallušu-Inšušinak I.

Eriba-Marduk 767-761 ▼ Humban-tahrah I.

760-743Nabu-suma-iškun

761-748Sarduri II. 753-735 ▼

Nabu-nasir 748-734 ▼ Humban-igaš I.

743-717Nabu-nadin-zeri

734-732 ▼ ▼

Nabu-šuma-ukin II. 732 ▼ ▼

Nabu-mukin-zeri 732-729

Rusa I. 734-714 ▼

▬▬▬▬▬►10th Dynasty

Tukulti-apil-Ešarra III. 728-726

▼ ▼

Šulmanu-ašared V. 726-721

Argiste II. 714-685 ▼

Marduk-apla-iddina 721-710 ▼ ▼

Šarrum-ken II. 709-705 ▼ Šutruk-nahhunte I.

717-699Sin-ahhe-eriba

705-703 ▼ ▼

Marduk-zaki-šumi 703 (1 month) ▼ ▼

Marduk-apla-iddina 703-702 ▼ ▼

Bel-Ibni 702-700 ▼ ▼

Aššur-nadin-šumi 699-694 ▼ Hallušu-Inšušinak II.

699-693Nergal-ušerib

693 ▼ Kutikaruk 693-692

Mušezib-Marduk 693-689 ▼ Humban-numena III.

692-688

▼ Rusa II. 685-645

Šutur-Nahhunte II. 688

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

▼ ▼ Humban-haltaš I. 688-681

Sin-ahhe-eriba 689-680 ▼ Humban-haltaš II.

681-675

▬▬▬▬▬► Aššur-ahhe-iddina 680-669 ▼ Urtagu-Inšušinak

675-664Aššur-bani-apli

669-668 ▼ Tempti-Huban-Inšušinak 664-653

Šamaš-šuma-urkin 668-648 ▼ Humban-nikaš II.

653-651

▼ ▼ Tammaritu 651-649

▼ ▼ Indabibi 649-648

▼ ▼ Humban-haltaš III. 648-646

▼ ▼ Umbahabua & Tammaritu 647

Kandalanu 647-627

Sardure III. 645-635

Local Rulers during Assyrian Rule Achaemenid

▬▬▬▬▬► Sin-šumu-lišir 627 (few months) ▼ Indattu-Inšušinak III.

647-646 Achaemenes

Sin-šar-iškun 626 (few months)

Erima 635-629

Humban-Hapua II. 647

Teispes ??-600

Neo Babylon Chaldean or 11th Dynasty

▼Pa'e,

Šutur-nahhunte III. 646 (ruled in Susa)

Cyrus I. 600-580

Nabopolassar 626-605

Rusa III. 629-601

Humban-Kitin, Humban-Tahrah II.

Cambyses I. 580-559

Nebukadnezar II. 605-562 ▼ Hallutaš-Inšušinak

(ruled in Susa)Cyrus II. 559-530

Amel-Marduk 562-560 ▼ Ummanunu

(ruled in Susa) ▼

▼ ▼ Šilhak-Inšušinak II. (ruled in Susa) ▼

▼ ▼ Temti-Humban-Inšušinak 550 (Susa)

Cambyses II. 530-522

Neriglissar 560-556 ▼ Halkataš

549/8 Smerdis 522La-abaši-Marduk

556 ▼ Ancina 522

Darius I. 521-486

Nabonidus 556-539 ▼ Humban-Nikaš IV. or

Ummanunu II. 522/1Xerxes I. 485-465

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Nebukadnezar III. 522 ▼ Atta-hamiti-Inšušinak

520/19 (in Susa)Artaxerxes I.

465-424Nebukadnezar IV.

521 ▼ Šutur-nahhunte IV. (ruled in Malamir)

Xerxes II. 424

Šamaš-eriba 484

Humban-Shuturuk (ruled in Gisat)

Sogdianus 424-423

Bel-šimanni 484

Darius II. 423-405

Artaxerxes II. 404-359

Artaxerxes III. 358-338

Artaxerxes IV. 338-336

Darius III. 336-330

Bessus 330-329

Argead DynastyAlex the Great

330-323Philippos Arridaios

323-317Alexander IV

323-310

▼

▼

Arsacid DynastyArsaces I. 247-211

▼

Arsaces II. 211-185

Phriapatius 185-170

Phraates I. 170-167

from 486 BC Urartu become

province of Achaemenid

empire

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Mithridates I. 167-132

▼

▼

Phraates II. 132-127

Artabanus I. 127-126

Mithridates II. 121-91

▼

▼

▼

Gotarzes I. 91-87

▼

Orodes I. 80-75

Sanatruces 77-70

▼

Phraates III. 70-57

▼

Orodes II. 57-38

Phraates IV. 37-2

Musa-PhraatesV. 2 BC - 4 ADOrodes III.

4-6

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Vonones I. 8-12

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

O P O T A M I A ANATOLIA

Umma Gutaea

Isin

Kish Babylon

Neo Babylon

Eshnunna Babylon Sealand Babylon Kassite Mari

MittaniHittite Urartu Elam Anshan

Achaemenid

P E R S

Hamazi Medes

Hamazi DynastyHatanish

2530

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

▼

▼

Zizi

▼

▼

▼

▼

Ur-Adad

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

Hamazi Medes

I A

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

Ur-Ishkur 2041-2037

Warad-Nannar 2037-2030

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Medes

Deioces 728-675

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

Hamazi Medes

I A

▼

▼ Phraortes 675-653

▼

Madius 653-625

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

▼

Cyaxares 625-585Astyages 589-549

Medes merged with

Achaemenid Empire

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A

Hamazi Medes

I A