CHAPTER 9Jefferson to Madison

1800-1817

ELECTION OF 1800 Federalists nominee = Pres Adams re-

election and Charles Pinckney as VP

Democratic Republican nominee = Thomas Jefferson (current VP) and Aaron Burr as VP

No traveling around the country = that would have been seen as bad taste (Why????)

Instead letters in the paper

OOPS! Electoral College votes

Jefferson = 73 votesBurr = 73 votes

Tie = House of Representatives decideThey voted 35 times and it

still came out a tieHamilton got one person to

change vote and vote for Jefferson

Jefferson = Pres. Burr = VP

PRES JEFFERSON: 1801-1809

Laissez Faire ideas – let the people do as they choose

Strength of US = independent farmers – if you own property you’ll fight for your rights

Thus Jefferson wants the US to have MORE LAND

JEFFERSON’S POLICIES

According to your foldable, what were some of the polices Jefferson enacted when president?

Think about if these polices were effective?

JEFFERSON MAKES CHANGES

Reduce debtScale down military

Cut army by 1/3Cut navy from 25 ships to 7

Got rid of Whisky taxHow is the government getting

any $?Customs duties (tariffs) on

foreign goods

MARBURY VS. MADISONPres Adams before leaving office

tried to fill judge positions with Federalists

Marbury was one of those to get a job as a judge

New Pres Jefferson didn’t have his Sec. of State Madison deliver the papers and Marbury didn’t get the job as a judge

Marbury sues

MARBURY V MADISON The court ruled against Marbury But establishes the practice of

Judicial Review Constitution is the Supreme

Law of the landWhen there is a conflict

between laws the Constitution must be followed

Judicial branch is the one to uphold the Constitution

MOVING WEST

By the 1800’s Americans were moving over the Appalachian Mts. = for land and adventure

Most pioneers become farmersIn 1800 the USA went to the

Mississippi RiverWest of the Mississippi River was

the Louisiana Territory and Spanish Territory

VIDEO CLIPS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CfWzvjg1GM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eli6NaPIp70&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THXjdVcQ4Is&feature=related

WHO IS THIS FAMOUS PERSON?

NAPOLEON IS TRYING TO TAKE OVER THE WORLDIn 1800 Spain breaks Pinckney’s treaty and says US can’t use the Mississippi River anymore

US learns that Spain is going to give France the Louisiana Territory

Pres Jefferson knows Napoleon wants an empire in Europe as well as in America

WHAT WILL JEFFERSON’S NEXT STEP BE?

NAPOLEON WANTS A NAVAL BASE IN THE CARIBBEAN

France can’t get control of Haiti (colony) and without Haiti they don’t have a naval base in Western Hemisphere

Without a naval base they don’t really need the Louisiana Territory

But France needs $ for the war going on in Europe, plus want to stick it to Britain (enemy)

USA WANTS MORE LAND AND GETS IT!

$15 million US makes the Louisiana Purchase

The US doubled in sizeBut what did we purchase?

Let’s send out some people to find outLewis and Clark with the help of

Sacagawea18 months 4000 miles

Zebulon PikeFinds Pikes Peak in Colorado

LEWIS, CLARK, AND SACAGAWEA

1.WHAT DOES THE TERM SECEDE MEAN?

2. WHY WOULD PEOPLE BE UNHAPPY ABOUT THE NEW PURCHASE?

3. WHY WOULD THEY TREATEN TO SECEDE?

SECEDE: ALREADY???????Massachusetts wanted to create their

own “Northern Confederacy” after the purchase of Louisiana territory because they feared the new territory would become Republican and reduce the federalists power

*What major problem will develop from the gain of this territory?

(Hint: Think of an institution that the founding fathers struggled in

ridding it.)

HAMILTON AND BURR (1804)

Never get alongBurr is mad about not getting to

be Pres because of HamiltonHamilton heard rumors Burr was

going to have NY leave the USAHamilton accuses Burr of treason

and challenges to a dualHamilton gets shot and dieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=BfeuU0NB5lg

ARTIST DEPICTION OF THE FAMOUS DUEL

JEFFERSON AND THE EUROPEAN DILEMMA

BRITAIN VS. FRANCE = $ FOR USA 1803 Britain and France are a war US claims neutrality but trades with

both sides British navy needs sailors – take over

American boats trading and make the sailors be part of their navy = impressment

Embargo Act – US can’t trade with anyone imports or exports

The hope was to hurt Britain – didn’t work they found others to trade with

JEFFERSON IS DONE AFTER 2 TERMS

Democratic Republicans nominate Madison

Federalists nominate = Pinckney

Madison Wins 122 to Pinckney’s 47 electoral votes

QUICK-WRITE: PUT INTO NOTES

How did the changes that Jefferson made when he became president reflect his views about government?

VIDEO: JEFFERSON

WRITE DOWN ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT INOFRMATION ABOUT JEFFERSON

DRAW A LINE IN NOTES: LABEL NEXT SECTION PRESIDENT MADISON

QUICK WRITE:

Make a prediction on how Madison will be as a president.

How does the way Jefferson left things in the presidency impact the way Madison will act as president?

PRES MADISON: 1809-1817.

1810 – Congress says we will trade with whichever country lifts trade restrictions on US

France jumps at the chance before Britain – yet doesn’t follow the rules

US is divided – are we going to war and if so against who

TROUBLES AT HOME WHILE TROUBLES ARE ABROAD

More settlers = New states on the other side of Appalachian Mountains

More states = more conflict with Native Americans

Tecumseh – Shawnee leader establishes a confederacy of Native Nations – and is backed by Britain and Canada

Tecumseh’s brother was known as the Prophet and many gathered to practice native traditions

MADISON SENDS THE TROOPS

William Henry Harrison is sent by the US with the military to defeat the Natives

1811 Tecumseh is in the south trying to expand territory

US decides to attack on the Tippecanoe River (Indiana)– Prophet flees

Tecumseh joins forces with Britain Settlers cry “On to Canada”

DECLARATION OF WAR

President Madison goes to Congress and asks for a declaration of war against Britain

Becomes known as War of 1812Britain = larger enemy War hawks (South and West)= Henry Clay and John C Calhoun

US ISN’T READY FOR WAR

7,000 troops 500,000 state militiaAll poorly trained and poorly funded

Natives on the side of Britain August 1814, British attack Washington DC and Burn the White House

AMERICA’S FIRST INVASION: WAR OF 1812

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Hh8W69cos

STAR SPANGLED BANNER Francis Scott Key - writes it http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_nQ-GNdo3E&feature=related

Impact of the National Anthem

TREATY OF GHENT Ghent, Belgium 1814 Peace treaty – ended the war without

changing existing borders of US

Battle of New Orleans happens after the treaty was signed because news hadn’t made it back to the US from Europe (Gives Andrew Jackson instant fame)

Tecumseh dies in 1813: Native Americans once again crushed!

America has extreme Nationalism!!!

QUICK WRITE QUESTION:

How and why would American start to have a high level of nationalistic pride?