by

Presentation Outline

1. Introduction

2. Purpose of a lesson plan

3. Four Major Elements of a lesson

plan

4. Six common mistakes in writing

lesson plans

5. Lesson plan the easy way

6. Characteristics of a good lesson plan

7. Advantages of lesson plan

8. Writing lesson plans9. How to plan8. Measurement, Assessment &

Evaluation in Education9. Practice lesson planning (Hall display)

…Course Outline

Objectives:

By the end of the session the participants will be able to:

•Explain the process of lesson planning

•Prepare a lesson plan as per the text book.

•Demonstrate their understanding of the skills enhanced through the use of the lesson plans.

OBJECTIVES OF THE DAY

…objectives

• Learn a skill that will help to define you as a teacher.

• Understand the concept of thinking of a lesson plan as a way of communicating

• Help new or inexperienced teachers organize content, materials, and methods.

• An objective is a description of what a student does that forms the basis for making an inference about learning.

Purpose of a lesson plan: To • structure the lesson • organize its contents/materials • determine method of its delivery • assess students’ learning• evaluate its application/effectiveness

FOUR MAJOR ELEMENTS

• Educational Objectives• Content and Appropriate Teaching

Activities• Preparation of all the Material• Monitoring & Assessing Learning

: Six Common Mistakes In Writing Lesson Plans

(AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM)

1. Poorly written objectives lead to faulty inferences.

2. The lesson assessment is not connected with the behavior indicated in the objective.

3. Prerequisites are not specified or are inconsistent with the lesson requirements.

4. The materials specified in the lesson are irrelevant to those described learning activities.

5. Teacher’s instructions are inefficient6. Students activities do not contribute

effectively to the lesson objective

Tutor’s input: Six common mistakes in LPs

Lesson Plan the Easy Way

The clearer the structure of a lesson and the more precise the directions on what is to be accomplished, the higher the achievement rate.

FIVE LEVELS OF PLANNING

1. Daily planning … (Teacher)2. Weekly planning… (Teachers-

individually as well as in groups)3. Unit planning … (Teachers’ Group

/Co – ordination)4. Term planning … 5. Yearly planning …

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

Characteristics A Good Lesson Plan isa. based upon previous knowledge.b. caters to the age level of students.c. uses motivational techniquesd. includes necessary materialse. is student centered, flexible, complete,

interesting & activity based f. has proportionate time allocationg. includes evaluation processh. includes all the essential elements of a

lesson plan

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

Advantages of lesson plan

• makes the work regular & organized• it induces confidence.• it saves time• promotes learning.• it makes conscious for the

achievement of objectives.• improves results

… Lesson Plan The Easy WayWriting Lesson Plans

The writing of lesson plan has three important

Functions:

• identifies what you expect the students to be able to do by the end of the lesson

• defines what you intend to do to make that possible

• keeps you focused on target.• acts as a record of what the class

has done.

… Lesson Plan The Easy Way

WRITING LESSON PLANSComponents of a lesson plan: • Topic • Resources• Objectives • Methodology • Activity • Homework

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

…….are the learning outcomes of a lesson i.e. what the students should be able to know or do at the end of the lesson that they could not do at the beginning!

… EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Specify the new skills that the students will gain as a result of the lesson

• Focus on student’s (not teacher’s) attainment

• Determine the degree or criterion for satisfactory attainment of the objectives.

… EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Setting ObjectivesWhat will the learner be able to: • Know (concept…cognitive)• Do (skill… psychomotor)• Feel (behavior, attitude, appreciation or

ideas…affective)Each defined objective is matched with:• Teaching Method• Learning Activities• Type of AssessmentNote: Relevance is the essential quality of

the educational objectives

Activity # 2 :EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Objectives should be SMART:

• Specific• Measurable• Attainable• Realistic• Time bound

Write SMART Objectives for:

English & Urdu:Comprehension Creative writingGrammarLiterature –

summary , RTC.MathematicsScienceSocial studiesLibrary

ROLE OF LEARNING MATERIALS

• Defines Instructional Objectives• Sets Tasks to Attain Objectives• Informs Learners of Tasks they have to Perform• Provides Guidance and Practice• Provides Feedback on Retention of acquired

Skills • Makes the teaching effective.• Supplies concrete basis for conceptual thinking.• Makes learning permanent

Teaching Materials / Resources

A. COURSE BOOKS

B. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS:

1. Teacher’s book

2. Work book

C. SUPPORTING MATERIAL:

1. Audio Materials

2. Visual materials

3. Audio-visual materials.

4. Multi media

Audio Visual Aids Supporting Materials

TEACHERS PUPILS ENVIRONMENT MANUFACTURED VISUAL AIDS

B/W BOARDS PICTURES FLASH REALIA *

CARDS

PICTURE WORD ADAPTABLE

FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS

MODERN CLASS ROOM (MULTI-MEDIA)

POSTERS COMPUTERS

CHARTS

OPAQUEPROJECTORS

OVERHEAD PROJECTORS

TAPE RECORDERS

OTHER VISUAL

MATERIALS

TELEVISION AND VIDEOS

LEARNER

WRITING LESSON PLANS

Methodology - Specify Timings of each of these steps: (40/80 minutes)

• Settling time• Introduction • Previous Knowledge• Presentation – Brainstorming / Discussion /

teacher’s Input• Practice (Students output) – CW. Oral /

Written• Home Work• Assessment – Test / worksheets

Any teaching Item has three stages

METHOD

Presentation

Practice

Production

Method

Presentation of the Items involves• Preparing class • making sure the concept is absolutely

clear to student• giving the model example of the item • Practice the Teaching Item

involves: • repetition/ drilling • Dialogue / discussion • Worksheets

Production of the Teaching items:Involves:• Role play• Games / dialogue etc• Practicing the item• Assessment

…METHODS

…WRITING LESSON PLANS

Activities: Daily – Life application of the concept

Type & nature of activities: – individual / group work– reading – project / art work / model

making– role play– presentations – charts / maps– practical work etc.

ROLE OF ACTIVITIES

• source of motivation• making learning interesting• decrease the anxiety of learner• concrete base for abstract learning• develop confidence (individually, group

work)• develop creativity• flexible and friendly environment• provides students an approach towards

learning• capture the attention and involve the

students in learning situation

Explain the following components of lesson plans – Group Work:

I. Content II. PrerequisitesIII. Instructional ObjectiveIV. Instructional ProceduresV . Materials and EquipmentVI. Assessment/Evaluation VII. Follow-up ActivitiesVIII. Self-Assessment

Activity

TUTOR’S INPUT

I. Content: This is a statement that relates to the subject-matter content. The content may be a concept or a skill. Phrase this as follows: I want my students to: (be able to [name the skill) OR (I want my students to understand a description of the concept).

II. Prerequisites: Indicate what the student must already know or be able to do in order to be successful with this lesson.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

…TUTOR’S INPUT

III. Instructional Objective:

Indicate what is to be learned - this must be a complete objective. Write this objective in terms of what an individual student will do, not what a group will do.

IV. Instructional Procedures:

Description of what you will do in teaching the lesson, and, as appropriate, includes a description of how you will introduce the lesson to the students, what actual instructional techniques you will use, and how you will bring closure to the lesson. Include what specific things students will actually do during the lesson. In most cases, you will provide some sort of summary for the students.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

V. Materials and Equipment: List all

materials and equipment to be used by

both the teacher and learner and how

they will be used.

VI. Assessment/Evaluation: Describe

how you will determine the extent to

which students have attained the

instructional objective. Be sure this part

is directly connected to the behavior

called for in the instructional objective.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

VII. Follow-up Activities:

Indicate how other activities/materials will be used to reinforce and extend this lesson. Include homework, assignments, and projects.

…TUTOR’S INPUT

…TUTOR’S INPUT

VIII. Self-Assessment (to be completed after the lesson is presented):

Address the major components of the lesson plan, focusing on both the strengths, and areas of needed improvement. Determine here how you plan to collect information that will be useful for planning future lessons. A good idea is to analyze the difference between what you wanted (the objective) and what was attained (the results of the assessment).

Activity

Complete the Educational Circle 05 minutes

Complete the educational circle

TUTORS INPUT:

THE EDUCATIONAL CIRCLE

ActivityInstructions:Topic: Preparing Lesson Planning

(Maths, Science, Urdu, Social studies, English)

Duration of activity: 30 minutesMaterials required: Flip charts, chart

paper, markers1. Tell the participants that they will

prepare lesson plans based upon what they have so far learned.

2. Divide the participants into groups. Every group will work on preparing lesson plans.

3. Allocate topics from the textbooks for each subject.

… Instructions

4. Allow the participants to prepare lesson plans as per their topics.

5. Each group presents their lesson.6. Once the groups have made their

presentations exchange the lesson plans between groups for analysis, comments and revision if required.

7. Invite groups to share their analysis and comments.

8. Repeat the above steps for each subject.

Aim: Before Planning a Lesson

Questions you need to ask are:• What are the inputs? • What is the output? • What do I expect the student to be able

to do by the end of the time available?– What will I do in order to make that

possible?– How will I break up the time into main

stages?– What will be the main stages be linked?– What materials/aids will I need to

achieve these aims?

… Activity

ProcessInput

Process

Output

Devise a 40/80 minute lesson based on the method PPP – don’t forget to set the objectiveThe following headings may assist you:Components of a lesson plan

• Topic• Objective• Resource• Methodology• Activities • Homework • Assessment• Evaluation (Self analysis – PPIR an MCF)

… Activity

Gallery DisplayFeedback and discussion on lessons

prepared

… Activity: Preparing a lesson plan

MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN EDUCATION

Who is going to Assess Me?

Weekly Evaluation

Intrinsic feed back (self analysis) based on• How do I plan a lesson?• How do I follow a curriculum?• How can I become an excellent classroom

manager?• How do I make the best use of the text

book and other audio-visual aids?• What do I do when things go wrong?• How do I know if my lesson is successful?

What is the evidence? under planned / over planned, realistic targets % of student achievement?

Self Evaluation

• Through Student’s output• Intrinsic feedback (self

analysis)• Extrinsic feedback ( head

/seniors)• Informal ( parents)

STUDENTS’ EVALUATION MUST BE BASED ON…

Six levels of Cognitive Domain

Evaluation

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

A Focus on Higher level thinking skills

Evaluation

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

A Focus on Higher level thinking skills

Student Evaluation : Bloom’s Taxonomy

Writing an Objective based Assessment

Whenever a teacher guides instruction toward a specific learning objective, it is safe to assume that there will be, at some appropriate point, an appraisal made to determine whether the students have met or achieved the intent of the objective

RULE OF THUMB

Be sure to provide students with the opportunity to practice what you will be assessing them on.

I cannot change the direction of the wind, I can adjust my wings to sail in its

direction but ….

Touching Education

Thank You

Daily Lesson PlanDate/Day: 15th Jan 07-Mon Class/Sec: VI -RedPeriod: 1st - 2nd (80 min) Subject :Eng-LangTopic :Comprehension Objective: St.will be able to fully understand / comprehend the passage and be able to Ans.Q correctly.

Resources : Und.& Comm. Bk 1---Thirsty World pg-83,map of the world

Methodology : (2 min ) settling down / announcing of the day’s work.

(2 min ) Model reading .

(30 min) St. read.+pronun.+meanings+understanding key words

HW

(5 min ) Ex. A 1 pg.84 meaning in context (On the Books) Pg. 84……Ex B No.1,2,3 & 4

(10 min) B Choose the best ans.

(5 min) Read Q, & underline key words

(20 min) Pg. 85 ans. 3 any important Q.(Q. will not written in the copies )

(6 min) H.W & copy collection.

Date/Day : 17th Jan 07-Wed. Class/Sec : VII-BluePeriod : 3rd ( 40 min ) Subject : Science Topic : Light

Objective: Student to understand light as a form of energy Its impact on our daily lives

How it travels Understand about shadows

Resources : Text bk 2 Expl.Sc pgs 155 to 159 ,Teachers guide A/V aids,charts,board.

Methodology : (5 min) Change over of teacher and settling down of St.

(5 min) Introduce light. Practical examples torch, switch on the light ,shut & open eyesintroduce 6 new topic related words with explanation (ref. syllabus)

(10 min) Conduct a simple experiment to show shadows, introduce luminous ,non- luminous objects explanation and examples from daily life.

HW

Class can be taken outside if possible for practical observations .Demonstration of opaque,transparent,translucent objects.

(15 min) Begin work from Work Book pg.28 interaction of class

(5 min ) Recap of lesson

Activities : St. to be divided into groups for Work Book activity

Daily Lesson Plan

Daily Lesson Plan Date/Day:18th Jan 07- Thur Class/Sec : VII-BluePeriod: 5th (40 min) Subject :Geography Topic : Longitude and LatitudeObjective: St. to be able to identify lines of Long.& Lat.

To know how to locate any place on earth Local / International Time

Resources :Text book I pgs 64-67, Teachers Guide,Globe,World Map, Charts, Board

Methodology :(3 min) Change over of teachers and settling down of SS

(3 min) Introduction of the new topic.

(18 min) Demonstration of the globe & wall map Long.& Lat , equator , poles , tropics cancer & Capricorn. GMT , International Date Line , Time Zone. division of lines in degrees on map to show locations. special ref.Pakistan , moon sighting , Jet Lag explanation and oral feedback.

HW

(16 min) Work Sheet –relevant work ..recap Revise

Activities : (5 min ) use an orange / s to demonstrate to St. lines of Long.& Lat.

Activity #8

• In the light of lesson you have planned give a brief evaluation plan to assess student achievement and then evaluate your lesson plan.

• Homework