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Hitler’sNuclearWeapons
(LeoCooper,1992)
Hirschfeld–TheStoryofaU-
boatNCO1935–1945
(LeoCooper,1997)
FIPS–LegendaryU-Boat
Commander,1915–1918
(astranslator–LeoCooper,
1999)
FirstpublishedinGreatBritain
in2002by
LEOCOOPER
animprintofPen&Sword
Books
47ChurchStreet,
Barnsley,SouthYorkshireS70
2AS
Copyright©2002Geoffrey
Brooks
ISBN0850528968
eISBN9781783379330
ACIPrecordforthisbookis
availablefromtheBritish
Library
Typesetin10/12ptTimesby
PhoenixTypesetting,Ilkley,
WestYorkshire
PrintedinEnglandby
CPIUK
Dedication
Idedicatethisbooktothe
memoryofLtCharles
Taylor
USN,
Senior
QualifiedFlightInstructor,
Squadron
79M,
Fort
Lauderdalewho,together
withthethirteenmenof
TBMAvengeroverwater
navigationaltrainingflight
19,diedontheeveningof
5December1945asthe
result
of
entering
an
anomalousgravityfield
nearGreatStirrupCay,
Bahamasatabout3:15that
afternoon.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
1Vergeltungswaffen:V-1
toV-4
2
TheAryan
Physics
Doctrine
3Heisenberg’sPioneering
Paper
4Plutonium,Paraffinand
Moderators
5TheOpenRoadtothe
AtomBomb
6
Uraniumbombe:
The
GermanPostOfficeTakes
Over
7V-4:TheDoomsday
Bomb
8TheDecisionnottoDrop
theGermanBomb
9BrighterthanaThousand
Suns-forTwoSeconds
10TheSandsofTimeRun
Out
11TheFirstandLast
VoyageoftheGerman
SubmarineU-234
12“IntheInterestsof
National
Defense
or
ForeignPolicy…”
13TheManhattanProject
14GravityII
15The“FooFighter”
16
German
Flying
CrescentsandDiscs
17TheVrilReich
Appendix
Notes
Acknowledgements
Iacknowledgeadebtof
gratitude
to
nuclear
physicists
Pat
Flannen,
whosespeculationabout
Heisenberg’sexperiments
atLeipziginspiredthis
book
initially,
and
NorbertoLahuerta,forhis
unstinting
help
with
research
and
scientific
opinionintoallaspectsof
bothV-4projects.
Iaddaspecialnoteof
appreciationtoBrigadier
Wilson,BarbaraBramall
andTomHartmanfortheir
helpandpatienceincoping
with
many
late
but
unavoidableadditionsand
deletions,andtoPen&
Swordforhavingthe
couragetopublishabook
ofthiskind.
Introduction
Followingthelandings
inFrancein1944,the
CombinedChiefsofStaff
set
up
a
number
of
military-civilian
teams,
termed
the
Joint
Intelligence
Objectives
Committee,tofollowthe
invadingAlliedarmiesinto
Germanywithaviewto
seizing
all
Hitler’s
military,
scientific
and
industrialsecretsforearly
useagainstJapan.The
teamsworkedagainstthe
clocktoobtainthemost
vitalinformationbeforeit
wasdestroyed.Theresult
wasthebiggestcollectof
captured
enemy
war
secretseverassembled.
OneWashingtonofficial
calledit“thegreatest
singlesourceofthistype
ofmaterialintheworld,
the
first
orderly
exploitationofanentire
country’s
brain-power”.
TheOfficeofTechnical
Services,theWashington
government
agency
originallyformedtohandle
thecollection,reported
thattensofthousandsof
tons
of
material
was
involved.Itwasestimated
thatoveramillionseparate
itemshadtobehandled
and
they
most
likely
representedpracticallyall
thescientific,militaryand
industrialsecretsofNazi
Germany.
InA
Brief
History
of
Air
Force
ScientificandTechnical
Intelligence,publishedby
NAIC,theNationalAir
IntelligenceCentre,itwas
recordedthatin1946at
WrightFieldalone,three
hundredpeopleprocessed
over
1500
tons
of
documents,adding10,000
newtechnicaltermstothe
English
language.
The
technicalknowledgefrom
these
documents
revolutionized
American
industry.
Inthesummerof1944,at
aboutthetimetheJIOC
wassetinmotion,the
GermanHighCommand
begantocontemplatethe
eventualityofdefeatandin
Septemberthatyeara
General
Plan
was
elaborated
to
evacuate
Nazis,ThirdReichcapital
and
highly
advanced
technicalandscientific
knowledge
to
places
selectedbyHitlerhimself,
ofwhichArgentinawasthe
principaldestination.The
strategistoftheGeneral
PlanwasHitler’spersonal
ADC,MartinBormann.
Theso-called“RatRun”to
Argentinawasoperated
throughtheconsulatesof
thatcountryinItalyand
Romeandfacilitatedthe
escapeofwantedwar
criminals.ButtheRatRun,
knowntotheGermans
under
the
codename
Regentroepfchen
(raindrop),wasafronting
operation
concealing
a
muchvasterprogramme
aimedatretainingfor
Nazism
in
exile
its
financial
wealth,
the
scientific,politicaland
militaryeliteoftheThird
Reichandcertainhyper-
secret
specialized
knowledge.Thislatterwas
ofalevelaboveand
beyondthemillionorso
secret
inventions
and
patentstobeabandonedto
theAllies.Code-named
AktionWiking,thissection
oftheoverallplanwas
beguninSeptember1944
byMaximilianErthwith
theassistanceofPhilip
Bouhler(headofHitler’s
privateoffice)andthe
GauleiterofLowerSilesia,
KarlHanke.
The
Nazis
were
particularly
anxious
to
protect
documents
containing
the
highest
classificationsofsecret
knowledge
designated
Geheime
Reichssache
relatingtothedevelopment
of
arms,
aircraft
and
submarines.
The
most
importantofallthese,files
relatingtoasuperaviation
fuelandadvancedaircraft,
wentbylong-rangeJunkers
Ju390transportaircraft
directlytoArgentina.
Fromthepointofviewof
theUSGovernment,the
260
tons
of
strategic
material
aboard
the
German
U-boatU-234
escortedintoPortsmouth
Navy
Yard,
New
Hampshire,on19May
1945issoabsurdlysecret
thatthefactthatitis
classifiedastopsecretisa
secret,
as
are
the
documentspertainingtoDr
HeinzSchlickeandthe
natureoftheassistancehe
affordedtheManhattan
Projectinthethreemonths
afterhiscapture.Themost
secretitemofcargoaboard
U-234remainstheeighty
smallcasesofuranium
powderwhichhavenever
appearedonanyUSN
UnloadingManifestand
whichwillhavebeenthe
fissile
material
for
a
rudimentary
atomic
explosive.Butasfarasthe
GermanHighcommand
wasconcerned,thevoyage
ofthisU-boatwithits
extraordinarycargoofwar
materialsandpassengers
didnotratesohighlyasto
fallwithintheambitofthe
General
Plan
of
Evacuation.
Inthe1950stwocrewmen
of
the
former
battleshipAdmiralGraf
Spee
Rudolf
Walter
Dettelmann
andAlfred
Schultz,
interned
in
Argentina,
swore
statements
to
an
Argentiniancommissionof
enquirytotheeffectthat
on28and29July1945
theycarriedoutnaval
dutiesinconnectionwith
the
arrival
on
the
PatagoniancoastoftwoU-
boatsofanallegedsix
which
escaped
from
Europeloadedwithgold
bullionandpassengers.
Extensivesonarsweeps
alongtheinshorecoastof
PatagoniainMarch2002
haveresultedinacontact
which,
pending
visual
confirmation,
will
probablybeaU-boat
believedscuttledinthese
coordinatesinJuly1945.
Asitisneitherofthose
mentionedbythetwoGraf
Speecrewmen,itisclear
thattheGeneralPlanwas
putintoeffect.
Aleftistcorrespondentof
aleadingNeuquendaily
newspaper
active
in
exposing
Nazi
war
criminalsintheBariloche
areaofArgentinaandwho
prefersanonymityforthat
reasonhasstatedinwriting
thatheinspectedofficial
documentsconfirmingthat
theGermananti-gravity
experimentsSS-E-IVand
SS-U-13,togetherwiththe
notoriousBelldescribed
elsewhereinthisvolume,
arrivedaboardaJunkersJu
390long-rangetransport
aircraftwhichflewnon-
stop
from
Norway
to
Gualeguayaerodromein
Entre
Rios
province,
Argentina,atthewar’s
end1.Iftrue,thismightbeseenbysomeassuggestive
thattheSSanti-gravity
aircraftprojectwasthe
post-warutmostpriority
fortheNationalSocialist
scientificelite.
Justafewdaysafterthe
Nagasaki
bombing
in
August
1945
the
US
authoritiesinterrogateda
Germanflakrocketexpert
whomtheynamedonlyas
Zinsser,atrainedobserver
ofaerialexplosions.The
interviewdocumenthasa
high
reliability
rating.
During
the
interview
Zinsserdescribedcertain
characteristicsofanA-
bombtestheclaimedto
have
observed
over
Germanyin1944whichhe
couldnotpossiblyhave
knownaboutunlesshehad
actuallywitnessedsuchan
explosion.
A
nuclear
weaponsphysicistwhose
opinionIsoughtthought
thatasmall,possiblyone-
kiloton,devicewasbeing
described,althoughthe
signstolookforwere
buriedinthetextand
wouldeludethecasual,
unscientificreaderofthe
documentsuchasmyself.
Thatisthereasonwhyits
significance
has
been
overlookeduntilnow.
Unlikelyasitmayseem,
therefore,on11October
1944,offRügenIslandin
thewesternBaltic,German
scientists
successfully
obtainedasmallatomic
reactionfrom,forwantof
abetterdescription,a
rudimentarybombwithina
leadjackettosuppress
fallout.Inaletterfrom
RobertOppenheimerto
JamesB.Conantdated30
November1942itwas
statedthatintheopinionof
GeneralGroves,headof
theManhattanProject,a
successfulbombwasone
“whichhada50%chance
ofexceedinga1,000-ton
TNTequivalent”and,as
theGermandeviceseems
tohavefallenwithinthis
specification,
Hitler’s
scientistswontheracefor
theatombomb.
TheV-4iswhatcatches
theimagination.Itwas
describedbyHitleras
beingaweapon“ofsuch
potent
effect
that
all
human
life
would
be
exterminated
within
a
radiusofthreetofour
kilometresofthepointof
impact”.Thisterminology
coulddescribeequallywell
anatomicweapon,a250kg
bombofsarinnervegasor
evenradiologicalmaterial.
TheloosenessofHitler’s
descriptionwasintendedto
misleadhisguestattable,
Marshal
Antonescu
of
Rumania,astothenature
of
this
“weapon
of
frightfulness”andhowit
wastobedeployed,facts
which
have
correspondinglyremained
amysteryeversince.
Theresearcher’sproblem
is
that
in
the
most
importantareasofhistory,
particularlytheSecond
World
War,
many
governmentsintendthat
thetruthofcertainaffairs
istobesuppressedfor
ever.Thismaybedonefor
avarietyofreasons,both
honourableandnot.Thus,
deepinnationalarchives
thepaperswhichcontain
thetruehistorywillliein
darknessfordecadesand
perhapsneverseethelight
ofday.
Agedservantsofthe
formerThirdReichin
GermanyandAustriaoften
have
useful
files
and
documentswhichtheyare
fearfultodiscloselesttheir
Statepensionsandthoseof
theirdependantsshould
becomeforfeitonsome
unfortunate“technicality”.
Afileofcorrespondence
between
an
Austrian
Gauleiter
and
Hitler
pertainingtothesuccessful
development
of
an
efficientimplosionfuse
capableofdetonatinga
plutoniumbombis,tomy
certain
knowledge,in
Sicherheit,whichmeansin
thecustodyofalawyer
untilthedeathofthe
rightfulholder,whenitis
tobereleasedtoanamed
researcherforpublication.
Evenmoretobedeplored
isthesaleofmicrofilmed
documentsfromallegedly
classifiedUSarchives.In
tworeferencesinthisbook
thesourcedocumentdoes
notappeartohavebeen
madeavailabletothe
publicbutwas“brokered
through
a
licensee”.
Exactly
what
the
machinery
is
for
this
operationremainsobscure.
Theauthorofoneofthe
booksconcernedhasgiven
hiswordofhonourthat
such
a
microfilmed
documentinhispossession
readsashesaysitdoes,
andIhavenoreasonto
doubt
him.
“Many
researchersandphysicists
wouldgiveanarmfora
glimpseofthisdocument,”
hewrites.Thatmaybeso,
butwhatsortofhistoryis
builtonsuchafoundation?
Allthisofficialsecrecy
hasledtothecreationof
lobbies.Oneofthem
believespassionatelyinan
SSatombombbuiltin
somedeepcatacombinthe
TyrolorHarzMountains.
Another
thinks
that
ProfessorHeisenbergmust
have
been
behind
everything.Anopposing
lobbyistiedtorevealed
documentation
which
dictates
that
National
SocialistGermanynotonly
hadnoatombombproject
andnonuclearreactor,but
couldnotpossiblyhave
hadoneevenifthey
wantedbecausetheirbest
scientists
had
all
emigrated.
Infact,giventheright
implosionfuse,acoupleof
rudimentary
zeroenergy
nuclearreactorsinan
undergroundfactorybeside
theDanube,twoyearsand
a
chemical
separation
plant,
a
low-grade
plutoniumbombwouldnot
have
been
beyond
Germany’scapabilitiesin
theSecondWorldWar,
andfromSeptember1941
theyknewit.Simplyto
dismissasaflightoffancy
the
V-4
explosive
mentionedbyHitler,as
academicsandhistorians
havedoneoverthelast
half-century,seemstoo
easyasolution.Ihaveyet
toseeanythingwhich
convincesmethatThird
Reichscientistsdeveloped
afull-sizeatombomb,as
manyGermansinsist,but
theWagnerianmonstrosity
belowHaigerlochchurch,
thecavewithitschainof
danglinguraniumcubes
aboveawellofheavy
waterinthegloom,is
Germanhumouratitsbest.
Manysuspectthatthe
standardhistorywehave
beenfedisbogusandthat
theThirdReichmusthave
comeupwithsomething
betterthanthisabject,
dismalfailure.
Re-examiningwiththe
assistanceoftwonuclear
physicistsallthewartime
Germannucleardocuments
inthehopeofdiscovering
some
inconsistency,
suspicionsoonfellon
certainexperimentalwork
atLeipzigperformedby
ProfessorHeisenberg.It
was
pointed
out
that,
whetherheknewitornot,
whathewasdoingwas
moreusefulfieldworkfor
making
a
bomb
than
designing
a
nuclear
reactor.Ifintendedasthe
warheadinaV-2rocketit
wasingenious.
Recentlyreleasedofficial
documentsallowusto
deducethatinApril1945
thesubmarineU-234sailed
forTokyodirectwith
enoughtreateduraniumfor
two
of
these
small,
laboratory-built
atom
bombs,
a
scientific
passengerwhospecialized
infusetechnology,anda
largequantityofheavy
water,essentialingredients
inthemanufactureof
Heisenberg’sbomb.Thus
atlastwemayhavethe
solutiontothemystery
surroundingthisGerman
submarine.
ThepathoftheV-4
project,whichwasnotone
weaponbuttwo,isso
tortuousthatitshould
comeasnosurprisetofind
itoccupyingthegreater
partofthisbook.However,
thethemeofthevolumeis
theGermanV-weaponsof
theSecondWorldWar.
Becausetheyaresowell
known,theV-1andV-2
arementionedprimarily
withreferencetotheir
intendeduseinthelastfive
monthsofthewar.TheV-3
HighPressurePumpwas
usedoperationallybythe
Germans
to
bombard
LuxemburgCityduringthe
BattleoftheArdennesand
meritsattentionforthat
reason.
TheMotorstoppmittel,
Feuerkugel,
known
popularly
as
theFoo-
Fighter,andtheotherside
ofthesamecoin,the
Kugelblitzwereallexotic
ideasconnectedwiththe
SSelectro-magneticanti-
gravity
project.
Some
claimthattheconcept
originated
in
the
workshopsofsomeother
world’sairforce.Official
documents
prove
the
existenceofallthree
developments,butfifty-
five
years
afterwards,
beyond
a
grudging
admissionthattheirairmen
werenothallucinatingwith
respecttothefoo-fighter,
theauthoritieshavestill
revealed
nothing
about
howthemachinesworked.
Initiallyaircrewabstained
fromreportingwhatthey
hadseenforfearofbeing
groundedandhospitalized
for
psychiatric
examination.Certainlyon
theevidenceitisstrange
howtheGermans,whose
warships’radarneededa
vaststeelmattresstwelve
yardssquareattheforetop,
canhavemadesuchgiant
strides
in
propulsion,
aerodynamicsandradarin
afewmonthsthatthey
were
able
to
menace
enemybomberformations
at
10,000
feet
with
luminous
aerobatic
basketballs
capable
of
makingover400knots.It
issaidthattheseaerial
vehicles,ifonecancall
them
that,
had
been
developedby–andone
hopes
that
they
were
developedby–cleverSS
scientists
at
Wiener
Neustadt.Theyseemedto
beaningeniousthough
harmless
anti-aircraft
device.
Thepurposeofbuilding
suchvehiclessocloseto
thecessationofhostilities,
particularlyinviewofthe
unholyallianceofAllied
Governmentswithformer
German
military
and
politicalleaderstoconceal
theirexistenceeversince,
givesrisetotheconviction
that
we
should
not
altogether
discount
the
possibilityofaconnection
betweenthelossofthewar
byHitlerandtheupsurge
inUFOsightingsfrom
1947onwards,thetheme
oftheclosingchapterof
thisbook.Thereisno
evidenceforaGerman
flyingsaucerexcepting
claimsmadebyGerman
aeronautical
engineers
postwarthattheyhad
workedonthedesignor
constructionoftheproject.
Nevertheless,in1947the
USAF
was
absolutely
certainthatflyingsaucers
existed,
flew
in
our
airspace
and
they
suspectedaGermanorigin
forthem.ForthatreasonI
have
considered
it
worthwhiletoexaminethe
evidenceandtoforma
hypothesis
for
their
creation
in
line
with
National
Socialist
ideology.
Mentionmustbemadeof
theofficerentrustedwith
runningtheV-weapons
projectfromitsinception.
Probably
the
most
extraordinary
and
enigmaticfigureamong
the
latter-day
Nazi
hierarchy,SS-GeneralDr
(Ing)HansKammler(b.
Stettin26.8.1901)wasa
greycareermanwhohad
seennofightingatthe
front.As
engineer
in
chargeofBuildingand
Construction
Works
at
WVHA,
the
SS-Chief
Economic
and
AdministrativeOffice,in
1942Kammlerhadhad
responsibility
for
the
planninganddesignofa
numberofdeathcampsand
hadpersonallysupervised
theconstructionofthe
Auschwitzsatellitecamp
atBirkenau.
On7July1943,atFHQ
Rastenburg,
Hitler
informed
Wernher
von
BraunandOberstDr(Ing)
WalterDornberger,senior
rocketscientistsatthe
Peenemünde
research
establishment,thattheV-2
projecthadbeengiventhe
highestpriorityrating.On
22Julyofthatyear,after
thedestructionbybombing
oftherocketcomponent
plantatFriedrichshafen,
theSShadbegunlooking
foranundergroundfactory
andhadfoundasuitable
location
at
Niedersachswerfen
near
NordhausenintheHarz
Mountains,
the
largest
subterraneanfactoryinthe
world.2
On17Augustalarge
forceofBritishaircraft
bombedPeenemünde.The
materialdamagewasnot
extensiveandmorethan80
percentofthebombsfell
onopenlandandinthe
nearbywoods.Eventhe
effective
patterns
had
damaged
mostly
non-
industrial
or
easily
repairable
facilities.
Dornbergerreviewedthe
damageatfirstlightand
concludedthatthesite
wouldbeoperationalagain
withinsixweeks,butthe
following
day
Kaltenbrunner,headofSS
SecurityPolice,arrivedin
ordertoenquirepersonally
intoanallegedsecurity
leak.
The
intervention
providedHimmlerwiththe
opportunitytoapproach
Hitlerwithaconvincing
argumentfortransferring
the
entire
V-weapons
projectfromtheArmyto
theSS.Thesatisfactory
continuation
of
the
programme
could
be
guaranteedonlybyplacing
itunderSSsupervision,he
argued,ensuringsecrecy
by
using
concentration
campinmatesforthework
force.Hitlerconcurred.On
1September1943Hans
Kammlerwaspromotedto
SS-Gruppenführer
and
appointed
Special
CommissionerfortheV-2
project.Herecruited2000
engineersanddrew15,000
concentration
camp
inmatesfromBuchenwald
andNatzweiler3fortheconversionworkatthe
formerWifofactorynow
renamedNordhausen
CentralWorksandalsoSS-
Mittelwerk,thelatterby
reasonofitsgeographical
positionatthecentreof
Germany.
Duringthefirstweekof
March1944Kammlerwas
givenoverallresponsibility
for
Underground
Constructionsandnowhad
175,000
concentration
campinmatesunderhis
control.AnSSSpecial
StaffknownasBaubüroDr
HansKammlerbecame
directly
answerable
to
Himmlernotonlyforthe
production,
completion,
storageandsupplyofV-
weaponarmamentsbut
alsoforbuildinganumber
ofmassiveunderground
weaponsfactoriesthesize
ofasmallmetropolissuch
asQuarzatMelk,Austria,
andZementIandIIat
Ebensee.
On
8
August
1944
Himmler
appointed
Kammler
as
General
PlenipotentiaryforV-2
AssemblyandC-in-CV-2
Operations,
which
had
previouslybeenunderthe
jurisdictionofLXVArmy
Corps.
HisLehr-und
Versuchsbatterie444got
offtoaninauspiciousstart
whenthefirsttwoV-2
rocketsofthecampaign
aimedatParison6
September
both
failed
through
fuel
blockage.
Aftershiftinglocationbut
withthesametarget,a
successful
launch
was
achievedon8September.
ThesamedayArtillery
Detachment485obtaineda
hitatChiswick,London,
fromtheHague.From
August1944untilthe
conclusionoftheArdennes
Offensive,inadditionto
theV-1andV-2,Kammler
oversawtheoperational
deploymentoftheV-3
HighPressurePumpand
waspresenttoobservethe
firstroundsbeingfiredon
LuxemburgCityon30
December1944.
On
26
January
1945
Kammler
was
made
commandinggeneralofthe
5th
Flak
Division
at
Rotterdam,
a
very
remarkable
appointment
foramanwithnobattle
experience,andon14
Februaryhetookover
ArmyKorpszbV(zbV=for
specialpurposes).On31
Januaryhecamestraight
fromtheV-3installationat
Lampadentoorganizethe
placingoftwodetachments
ofhisDivision’sflakon
theeasternbanksofthe
Rhine.
All
this
was
satisfactorilyaccomplished
bylateFebruaryandin
earlyMarchKammlerwas
confirmed
as
General
PlenipotentiarytoHaltthe
Terror
Bombing.
This
meantthathewasnow
responsibletotheFührer
directlyforallanti-aircraft
measures,whichwould
have
included
the
supremelysecretversions,
aswellastheconventional
anti-aircraft
rockets
producedatPeenemünde,
Wasserfall,
Hs
117
Schmetterling,
Enzian,
Taifunandtheremote-
controlledHs298andX-4
Ruhrstahl.Itappearsthat
hehadhadpowersas
plenipotentiarybeforehis
appointment,sinceon6
February1945hehad
signed
the
order
to
discontinue
work
on
SchmetterlingandEnzian.
In
either
February
or
March1945,oratanyrate
bythetimeKammlerhad
achievedtherankofSS-
Obergruppenführer
and
GeneralderSS,hewas
givencompletejurisdiction
fortheturbo-jetfighter.
Anotherobjectivewhich
doesnotseemsowell-
documented
involved
transferringDrDornberger
andhisworkstaffin
Februaryofthatyearfrom
SchwedtontheOderto
Bad
Sachsa
where
Dornerbergerwastobe
responsible
for
the
developmentandtestingof
“anti-aircraft
measures”
andforthatpurposewasto
setup“DevelopmentTeam
Mittelbau”
under
Dr
AlfredBuch,ascientist.
Kammlerorderedalarge
numberoffirmstobeco-
optedtoconcentrateon
“specialequipment”.
AtthebeginningofApril
1945,forthedefenceofthe
central
Harz,
Kammler
cobbled
together
an
infantry
corps
from
retreatingArmyunitsand
V-1/V-2
firing
commandos.Healsomade
adeterminedattemptto
swell
SS
numbers
at
Niedersachswerfen
by
recruiting
Mittelwerk
techniciansandengineers
butthisdoesnotseemto
havebeentoosuccessful.
Inanycase,500orsoof
thesepersonnel,themajor
part
of
the
former
Peenemünde
team,
had
beenorderedbyKammler
to
relocate
in
the
Garmisch-Partenkirchen
areaofsouthernGermany,
andmostofthemmadethe
six-dayjourneybythe
specialtrainsardonically
known
as
the
“Vergeltungs-Express”.
DrWernhervonBraun
wastoldbyKammlerthat
he,Kammler,hadbeen
madeHeadoftheFighter
PlaneStaffand“hadto
reporttoanotherplace”.
On7April1945Kammler
was
seen
leaving
Mittelwerktowardsthe
western
Harz
with
a
sectionofhisGeneralStaff
and,apartfromacableto
Himmler,sentfroma
villagecalledDeggendorf,
confirminghiscontinuing
loyaltytoHitlertendays
later,thatwasthelast
heardofanyofthem.
Kammlerknewvirtually
everythingabouttheV-
Weapons
operational
programme.
His
whereaboutsafterearly
April1945areunknown.
Therearereportsofhis
deathinactiondefending
theCzechFrontagainstthe
SovietArmy,andthelatter
gave
short
shrift
to
capturedSSmen.Arecent
book
by
Nick
Cook4
proposesthatKammler
negotiated
a
deal
for
himselfwiththeUnited
Statesinexchangefor
Germany’s
anti-gravity
technology.Whatevidence
thereissuggeststhatthis
was
not
the
case.
Bormann’s1944General
PlanofEvacuationwas
drawnuptosafeguardthe
more
advanced
technological
knowledge
byhavingpeoplelike
Kammlerbroughtoutof
Europe
before
the
capitulation.Onemustnot
losesightofthefactthatat
theendofthewarthere
wasahugeinfluxofReich
money
and
scientific
personnelintoArgentina
andChile,wheredeep
below
ground
perhaps
some
of
the
more
important
work
was
continued.MrCook’sline
ofargumentisbasedonthe
documentcirculatedbythe
Polish
author
Igor
Witkowski.Thisbulletin
definitelystatesthatthe
equipment
at
FHQ
Waldenburgwasevacuated
inAprilandMay1945,
probably
to
South
America,
by
SS-
ObergruppenführerJakob
Sporrenberg.
ItwouldbeinSouth
Americathatthedesigner-
builderofAuschwitzand
otherdeathcampsmight
havefeltmorecomfortable
forhisownpeaceofmind
thaninrelyingonadeal
withtheUnitedStates.One
wouldalsothinkitsafeto
assumethatiftheUSAF
hadbeenabletomakehead
or
tail
of
German
antigravity,theywouldnot
havebotheredwiththe
sameoldrocketpropulsion
methodsatCapeKennedy
threedecadesafterwards.
Anunderlyingthreadof
argumenttowardstheend
ofthisvolumerunsalong
thelinesthatfarmorelay
behindNationalSocialism
than
a
mad
racialist
warlordwantingtoconquer
theworldfornogood
reason.Conceivablythis
willnotfindmuchofa
welcomeamongstthose
whosevision,beingfixed
onpurelymaterialcauses,
allowsnopossibilityofa
supra-physicalimpetusin
history.Thedetermination
of
the
world
not
to
understandHitlerorsee
the
manifest
signs
is
somethingwhichperhaps
onlyanauthorwhohas
spent
countless
hours
poringovermassesof
documentscanappreciate.
The
facts
do
bear
investigation.
Atthebeginningof1934,
whenRudolfHesssworein
theentireNSDAPtoHitler
in
a
mass
spectacle
bringing
millions
of
Germans
to
the
microphones,hesaidto
them:
“Bythisoathweagain
bindourlivestoaman
throughwhom–thisis
ourbelief–superior
forcesactinfulfilment
ofDestiny.”5
WhateverHessmeantby
thiswehaveneverbeen
abletodiscover,butit
mighthavebeenthereason
whyhespentallhislife
after1941imprisonedin
solitaryconfinement.The
former
Gauleiter
of
Danzig,
Hermann
Rauschningrecalled6thatintheearlyyearsofthe
regimeduringthecourse
ofhisdiscussionswith
Hitler(whomhedescribed
astheMasterEnchanter
andHighPriestofthe
Religious
Mysteries
of
Nazism),
Hitler
spoke
openlyabouthisinnermost
ideas–aprogrammetobe
kept
secret
from
the
masses.
Rauschning
continued:
“One
cannot
help
thinkingofhimasa
medium.Formostofthe
time
mediums
are
ordinary,
insignificant
people.Suddenlythey
areendowedwithwhat
seemstobesupernatural
powerswhichsetthem
apartfromtherestof
humanity.Thesepowers
aresomethingthatis
outside
their
true
personality–visitors,as
itwere,fromanother
planet.Themediumis
possessed.
Once
the
crisisispast,theyfall
back
again
into
mediocrity.Itwasinthis
way,beyondanydoubt,
thatHitlerwaspossessed
by
forces
outside
himself.”
DuringMussolini’svisit
toMunichinSeptember
1937thegreatpsychologist
C.J.Jungobservedthat,
comparedtotheDuce,
“Hitler
presents
the
appearanceofarobot.
Onewouldhavesaida
double,inwhoseinterior
the
man
Hitler
was
hidingasanappendix,
carefulnottointerfere
withthemechanism.”
Jung’sfinalconclusionof
Hitlerwasthat:
“He
belongs
in
the
category
of
authentic
wizards.Hisbodydoes
notsuggeststrength.He
hasinhiseyesthe
expressionofaprophet.
His
power
is
not
absolutelypolitical,itis
magical.Hitlerlistens
andobeys.Thetrue
leaderisalwaysonewho
iswellled.Theideais
confirmedbytheword
Mahdi,
the
Islamic
Messiah,
which
translatesto‘Hewhois
wellled’.”
Whatmanwouldhave
wanted
such
a
responsibilityfoistedupon
him?Theextraordinary
allegationbeingmadehere
isthatAdolfHitlerandthe
Führer
were
different
entities
inhabiting
the
samebody.
What
strikes
one
particularlyinthiscontext
isHitler’sintuitionvis-à-
visthemotivesofStalin
andtheSovietUnion.Itis
notnecessarytoenlargeon
this
subject.
What
is
requiredisfortheBritish
authoritiestodeclassifyall
thepapersrelatingtothe
interrogationsofRudolf
Hessfortheperiod1941–
1942.
Itis,ofcourse,notthe
intentionoftheforegoing
tojustifyNaziatrocitiesor
theHolocaust.Butwe
prefertorelyonthe
assertionsofGovernments
andacademichistorians
who,labouringinthe
realmofeffects,cannotin
thenatureofthingsadmit
belief
in
cosmic
intelligences,
let
alone
theiractingforchange
throughleaderslikeAdolf
Hitler.Thereisadangerin
that,andtheconcluding
chapteraccentuatescertain
factswhichshouldmake
thetruesituationincapable
ofbeingmisunderstood.
GeoffreyBrooks
Uruguay,March,2002
CHAPTER1
Vergeltungswaffen:
V-1toV-4
INATALKwith
MarshallAntonescuof
RumaniaatFührerHQ
Wolfsschanzeon5August
1944Hitlerspokeoffour
V-Weapons
which
Germany
was
in
the
processofintroducinginto
theconflict.Thesourceof
thisinformationisHenry
Picker7whobetween1942
and1944wasMartin
Bormann’s
ADC
and
stenographer.
The
German
noun
Vergeltunghasadictionary
meaningof‘retribution’,
‘retaliation’or‘reprisal’,
butitsNationalSocialist
meaningwasbroader,for
theconceptofretaliation
as
such
merely
contemplatesthetakingof
revenge.
InthecaseoftheUnited
Kingdom,forexample,this
wouldsimplyimplytaking
measurestoinflictmore
damageonBritishcities
than
the
RAF
and
Americanairraidshad
inflictedonGermancities,
amilitarilypurposeless
enterprise.Itwasbyno
meanstheobjectoftheV-
weaponsprogrammeto
exchange
‘rubble
for
rubble’:Vergeltungmeant
theuseofretaliationto
terrorize
the
enemy’s
civilianpopulationasa
politicaltooltocoerce
their
Government
into
seekinganarmistice.It
wasnotintendedtopunish
Londoners,therefore,but
to
extract
Britain’s
agreement
to
withdraw
fromthewarandtoexpel
fromhersoiltheAmerican
presencethere.
TheV-1
ThefirstofHitler’sV-
WeaponswastheFieseler
Fi103unpilotedflying
bomb.Itwaslaunched
eitherfromashortramp
underitsownjetpoweror
fromalow-flyingHeinkel
bomber.Thewarheadwas
1tonneofhighexplosive.
Itsmaximumspeedwas
650kmsperhourandits
range370kms.Atthenose
wasasmalllogconsisting
ofapropellorconnectedto
arevolutioncounterpreset
withthenumberofturnsof
thepropellorimpartedata
particularspeedandheight
in
reaching
a
known
distance.Assoonasthe
presetrevolutionswere
reached,thecountercut
outtheengineandthe
bombthendropped.The
weapon
was
grossly
inaccurate
and
indiscriminate.Londonand
southern
England
were
alwaysitsintendedtarget
but
in
May
1943
preliminary
discussions
wereheldonthefeasibility
offiringtheV-1froma
submarinesuchasthe
large
Type
XIV
replenishment
U-boat.
AfterFieldMarshalMilch
had
expressed
his
scepticismtheideaof
usingtheflyingbomb
againstNewYorkwas
shelved.8
The
bombardment
of
Londonbeganonthe
morningof13June1944.
TendayslaterGoebbels
explained
the
intended
effectofthecampaign:
“Ofcourse,a1000-tonne
raid
has
a
different
effect.Buttheeffectof
the
German
bombardmentliesinits
persistency.
It’s
like
toothache.Finallyyou
havetodowhatyou
shouldhavedoneall
along.Yougotothe
dentist.TheV-weapons
bombardmentwillbe
continuedcomewhat
mayanditwillincrease
eachmonthuntilBritain
comestohersenses,that
istosay,untilthe
English
inner
circle
sweeps
aside
those
responsible
for
this
insaneBritishpolicyand
clearsthewayforan
understandingwithus.”9
Thisoutlooksummarizes
thephilosophybehindthe
V-weapons
campaign.
Ratherthanusetheweapon
againsttroopformations
on
the
various
fronts
rapidlycompressingthe
territory
remaining
in
Germanhands,theThird
Reichleadershipresolved
torelyentirelyonthe
psychologicaleffectofthe
terror
bombardment
of
LondonandtheHome
Countieswiththeobjective
offorcingtheBritish
Government
to
the
negotiating
table.
An
unspoken
hope
existed
that,ifthatwerenottobe
thecase,thenperhapsthe
BritishGovernmentmight
indesperationresortto
someactsoescalatingthe
slaughter
of
German
civiliansthatHitlercould
justifiablyrespondwithhis
ultimateweaponsofterror.
As
the
bombardment
entereditsthirdweekthe
intermittent
attacks
continueddayandnight,
imposingaseverestrain
psychologically
on
the
inhabitantsofLondon.The
flyingbombshadalready
killed
nearly
2,000
Londoners,althoughthis
wasnotalargecasualty
figurecomparedwithany
singlegreatraidona
Germancityatthattime.
By6July1944theV-1
provokedaresponse.Ina
MostSecretminute10totheChiefsofStaffonthat
day,Churchillwrote:
“Ifthebombardmentof
Londonreallybecomesa
serious
nuisance
and
greatrocketswithfar-
reachinganddevastating
effectfallonmany
centresofGovernment
andlabour,Ishouldbe
preparedtodoanything
thatwouldhittheenemy
inamurderousplace….
Itmaybeseveralweeks
orevenmonthsbeforeI
shallaskyoutodrench
Germanywithpoison
gas,andifwedoit,letus
doit100percent…”
TheJointPlanningStaff
consideredtheproposalbut
advisedthat“iftheAllies
initiatedchemicalwarfare,
the
Germans
would
immediatelyretaliateboth
inthefieldandagainstthe
UnitedKingdom.London
wouldbetheprimary
targetandcouldexpectto
beattackedbyflying
bombsfilledwithgasand
byupto120long-range
bomberscarryingchemical
payloads.”
In
the
circumstances,theJPSwas
notpreparedtorecommend
theuseofchemicalor
biologicalweapons.
Germanyhadhugestocks
of
battlefield
gases,
togetherwithnervegases
whichwereuniquetothe
ThirdReich,butagaswar
withtheBritishwasnot
whattheV-1campaign
wasintendedtoachieve.
TheLuftwaffecouldhave
launched
a
full-scale
surpriseattackatanytime
whenithappenedtosuit
theirpurposes.TheArmy
and
Luftwaffe
had
discussedatMünstergas
depotthepossibilityof
loading
the
V-1
with
phosgeneforuseinthe
eventofagaswarand
subsequentlyexperiments
witha1-tonnewarheadof
phosgene
were
found
satisfactory.Notestswere
carriedoutwiththeV-2
butapayloadof2½tonnes
ismentionedindocuments.
TheGermanshadattheir
disposalinthewestatleast
12,000tonnesofthenerve
gasTabunandvastlymore
ofthenervegasSarin,
whichisfourtimesmore
potent.
Most
of
this
materialwaskeptinsemi-
readinessin250-kgbombs.
ASarinbombofthissize
wasthoughtlikelyto
destroyalllifewithin
severalsquarekilometres
oftheexposurepoint.11
Overtheperiodfrom13
Juneto5September1944
10,632V-1flyingbombs
were
launched
from
NorthernFranceofwhich
5,602(52.7%)explodedin
theareaintended.Fighters
andAAbatteriesaccounted
for
3,230
projectiles,
collisions
with
barrage
balloonsbroughtdown231
and1015werefailures.
From16September1944
to14January1945about
1400V-1swerefiredfrom
theNorthSeacoastof
which301(21.5%)found
their
target
area
successfully.
DuringMarch1945a
successrateof47hits
(17%)wasachievedwith
the275flyingbombs
despatchedfromwestern
Holland.
Duringthedefenceofthe
Rhinein1944/194511,988
V-1s
were
fired
at
Antwerp,
Brussels
and
Liège.2448hitswere
obtained(20.4%).
InEnglandthefinaldeath
tollfromtheV-1wasput
at6,860deadand17,981
injured,Belgiumsuffered
4,152dead(3,470civilians
and682military).Inorder
tocountertheoffensive
Britaincommittedeight
fighter
squadrons,
480
barrageballoonsand438
AAgunsathome,while
40%oftheRAFbombing
effortwasdivertedto
destroyingthelaunching
ramps.
The
best
system
of
defenceinvolved(i)anti-
V1fighterpatrolsoverthe
Channel,(ii)massedAA
batteriesalongthecoast,
(iii)asecondlineof
fighterpatrolsbetweenthe
AAgunsandLondonand
(iv)adeepconcentration
ofbarrageballoonsatthe
approachestoLondon.The
defenceexpenditurewas
nearlyfourtimesgreater
thantheoperationalcostof
theoffensive.12
Themainproblemforthe
attackerswastoobtain
precise
information
regardingthefallofthe
projectiles,andattempts
weremadetoimprove
accuracybytheinstallation
ofaremotecontrolgear.
AtameetinginNovember
1944atReichsführer-SS
HQ
Höhenlychen,
Hauptsturmführer
Otto
Skorzeny
argued
energetically
for
the
immediateimplementation
oftheV-1projectagainst
New
York.13
Himmler
promisedtospeakonthe
matter
to
Hitler
and
Grossadmiral
Dönitz
remarked,“Iseeherea
newandbigchanceof
bringingaboutachangein
thecourseofthewar.”He
couldhardlyhavebeen
speakingofhalf-a-dozen
conventionalV-1flying
bombsandmusthave
meantusingthemwitha
poison
gas
payload.
AccordingtotheGerman
historianGellermann,in
February
1945,
after
decidingonthatcourseof
actionasareprisalfor
Dresden,Hitlerwastalked
outoftheideabyKeitel
andJodl.
TheAmericanswerewell
informed
of
these
proposalsthroughtheir
Enigma
decryption
operationandspiesand
wereconcernedthatevena
TypeVIIU-boatfitted
withahangaronthe
foredeckcouldcarryfour
V-1sandlaunchthemwith
impunitywithinafew
minutesatnightorinfog.
Theyneedapproachno
closerthan300kilometres
fromthecoast.
Itwasnotquitesosimple
asitseemed,however.By
theendof1944allType
XIVboatshadbeensunk
andtheUSoffshoreanti-
submarinedefenceswere
suchthattheKriegsmarine
consideredonlythenew
Type
XXIElektro-boote
capableofcarryingoutthe
operationwithaprospect
ofsurvivingit.Another
materialdrawbackwasthe
inaccuracyoftheV-1.It
wasnotremote-controlled
atthatstageandthis
factor,compoundedwith
thepitchandrollofthe
boatatlaunchwhilefiring
onacompassbearingata
city300kilometresaway,
madetheplannerswonder
ifthetargetcouldeverbe
hit.
Inordertoovercome
theseproblemsaremote
controlsystemwastried,a
version
of
the
ZSG
Radieschen,apassiveradar
whichwasfittedtotheBV
246
glider
bomb
and
homedinonenemyradar
andLorantransmitters.
This15kgtarget-seeker
wasfoundsuccessful.A
similarideawasineffect
fortheA9/10rocket.The
remaining
technical
problemstobesurmounted
weretherelativelypoor
quality
transmitters
availableandtheneedto
havesomebodyputtheset
inplaceandturnitonat
therighttimeatthetarget
end.Thismeantthata
numberofagentswould
havetobelandedinthe
UnitedStatesforthetask.
Aspecialversionofthe
sea-launched
V-1
was
readyforuseinNovember
194414,probablytheFi-103E,
but
the
OKL
development
contract
awardedtotheDeutsche
Forschungsanstalt
für
SegelflugfortheV-1
Radieschen,whichresulted
intheEwaldIIhoming
deviceandtheSauerkirsch
IIradioremotecontrol
system,didnotbearfruit
untilApril1945,bywhich
timehopesfortheV-1
campaignweredead.
TheV-2
TheV-2wastheA-4giant
rocket14metresinlength,
1.6metresatthewidest
pointofthefuselageand
3.5metresacrossthetail
assembly.Takeoffweight
was12tonnesincludinga
1-tonnewarheadinthe
nose.Therocketwas
transported
aboard
a
chassis
known
as
a
Meillerwagenwhichwas
towedbyaroadorrail
locomotive.Atthelaunch
pointitwasraisedupright
onthedetachablestarting
platformforfiring.The
fuel
was
a
grain
alcohol/liquid
oxygen
mixturewhichburnedfor
aboutaminutebeforethe
rocketfelltoearthina
ballistic
trajectory.
Maximumaltitudewas80
kilometresandtherange
wasupto305kilometres.
Duringpoweredflightthe
projectile
was
remote-
controlledfromtheground
orregulatedbyanonboard
gyro-compass.
TheimpactofanA-4was
equivalenttofifty100-ton
steamlocomotiveshitting
thegroundsimultaneously
at70mph.Evenwithoutits
warheadtherocketwould
excavateacraterthirtyfeet
deepand75feetin
diameter.
The
London
correspondentofaSwedish
nationaldailyreported:“I
havepersonallyseengreat
cratersmadebytheV-2.In
urban
areas
a
single
projectilecanruin600
houses.Itisnotthe
explosionorblastthatdoes
the
damage,
but
the
tremendous
earthquake
effect.”
Accuracy
was
poor,
however,andonly50%fell
within10kilometresofthe
aimingpoint.
TheV-2offensiveagainst
LondonopenedfromThe
Hagueon8September
1944,thefirstmissile
fallinginChiswick;the
lastfellon27March1945.
Thedespatchratebeganat
fourperdayandclimbed
totwenty-fiveunitsper
day.Of1269launches
against
England,
1115
rockets(87%)arrived.The
deathtollfromthesewas
2724persons.1739A-4
missileswerefiredatcities
inFrance,Belgiumand
Holland,
plus
ten
at
Remagen,ofwhich1265
(73%)
arrived,
causing
7000fatalities.
271(0.8%)rocketsofthe
totalfiredweredesignated
failures.15
WhereasGeneralDwight
Eisenhowerwasofthe
opinioninhismemoirs
thatiftheA-4hadbeen
operational
six
months
earlieritwouldhavemade
theinvasion“extremely
difficultifnotimpossible”,
ArmamentsMinisterSpeer
tooktheviewthat“the
enormousscientificand
technicaleffort,together
withthebottleneckcaused
inrawmaterialsandfuels,
preventedalargenumber
ofjetfightersbeingbuilt
instead”.
Intheautumnof1943
OttoLafferenz,adirector
of
theDeutsche
Arbeitsfront,suggestedto
Peenemünde
Weapons
TestingCentrethebuilding
ofanumberofsubmersible
containers,eachholdinga
V-2rocket.AU-boat
wouldtowthreeofthese
500-tonnebarges,each37
metresinlengthand5.5
metres
in
diameter,
underwatertothecoastof
theUnitedStatesand,
when
within
300
kilometresofthetarget,
floodtheballasttanksof
thebargetobringittoan
uprightpositionprojecting
about5metresabovethe
surface.Thiswouldallow
therockettobefiredfrom
agyroscopicallystabilized
platform.16
Trialswerecarriedout
withU-1063
and
apparently
similar
experiments
were
conductedlateratLake
ToplitzintheAustrian
Alpswhenmannedmidget
submarinespractisedfiring
rocketswhichresembled
small-scale
V-2s.17
A
Kriegsmarine
naval
experimental
station
(CPVA)waslocatedonthe
shore.
The
Lafferenz
projectwascodenamed
TeststandXIIandProjekt
Schwimmweste,andorders
forthebargeswereplaced
withStettinerVulkanwerft
andSchichauWerftElbing
inearlyDecember1944.
Ithadbeenfoundin
October194318thataU-boattowingasubmerged
bargehadtomaintainat
least4.1knotsthroughthe
wateratperiscopedepth,
forat3.9knotsthebarge
lostthedynamicforce
necessarytoholditunder.
Variousideasweretried
out
unsuccessfully
to
reduce
the
minimum
towingspeed.Asbattery-
propelled
U-boats
had
insufficientcapacityto
proceedsubmergedat4
knotsforanylengthof
time,anditwasalready
dangerousenoughin1944
tovoyageatnormalspeeds
withoutalsotowingthree
barges,theTypeXXI
Elektro-bootwaselected
fortheoperationwhich
involveda30-daytow
acrosstheAtlanticat12
knots.Thetimerequired
onthesurfaceforthe
operationdoesnotseemto
havebeendisclosed.
Whenthecampaignbegan
inearenest,scientistsat
Peenemündehadfoundout
thehardwaythata
successfullaunchoftheV-
2wasvirtuallyimpossible
fourdaysorsoafter
manufacture
and
a
procedureknownasheisse
Semmel(hotdumplings)
wasinforceonland
wherebyanyV-2tobe
used
operationally
was
firedwithinthreedaysof
manufacture.19ClearlyaV-2couldnotbefiredafter
thirtydaysinadamp
transatlanticbargeandso
theUSideawasshelved.In
early
December
1944
orderswereplacedwith
StettinerVulkanwerftand
SchichauWerftElbing.It
seemsself-evidentthat
theremusthavebeena
plantousethesebargesto
bringBritainunderV-2
firefromtheNorthSea.
In
1946,
the
Deputy
CommandingGeneralof
Army
Air
Force
Intelligence,
Lt-Gen
DonaldLeanderPutt,told
theSocietyofAeronautical
Engineers:“TheGermans
were
preparing
rocket
surprisesforthewhole
world
in
general
and
England
in
particular
whichwouldhave,itis
believed,
changed
the
courseofthewarifthe
invasion
had
been
postponedforsoshorta
timeashalfayear.”Putt
wasalsoquotedinanaside
ashavingstatedthat“the
GermanshadV-2swith
atomic
explosive
warheads”.Asurpriseisa
surprise
and
hitherto
ordinaryrocketwarfare
hadprovedunproductive.
TherangeoftheV-2was
200miles.Thecrucial
success
of
theAllied
progress
by
December
1944hadthereforebeento
drivetheGermanforcesin
Europebeyondthislimit.
The
objective
of
the
Ardennescampaignwas
the
Belgian
port
of
Antwerp,200milesfrom
London.Itwasservedbya
shortrailconnectionfrom
Germanyanditsrecapture
wasessentialforarenewed
V-2offensive.Furthermore
it
was
immediately
availableasaU-boatand
Lafferenzbargebase.The
A-9“wingedV-2”project
wasresurrectedin1944/45.
Germantestimoniesallege
thatatleastonesuccessful
testlaunchwasmadefrom
theHarzinMarch1945,
andinmassproductionthis
rocketcouldhavehit
London
from
central
Germany.
TheV-3
Fewcommentatorsseemto
beinanydoubtbutthatthe
V-3
was
the
“High
Pressure
Pump”
or
“England
Gun”.
Paul
BrickhillrecordedinThe
DamBusters:
“thegreatestnightmare
ofallwasthegreat
underworld
being
burrowedundera20-
foot-thickslabofferro-
concrete
near
Mimoyecques(between
CalaisandBoulogne).
Here
Hitler
was
preparinghisV-3.Little
hasbeentoldaboutthe
V-3,probablybecause
weneverfoundoutmuch
aboutit.TheV-3wasthe
mostsecretandsinister
ofall–long-rangeguns
withbarrels500feet
long!”
TheV-3wasprobably
based
on
the
1885
unsuccessful
ballistic
principleoftheAmericans
LymannandHaskelland
Baron
von
Pirquet’s
concept
of
sequential,
electrically
activated,
angledsidechambersto
provideadditionalvelocity
toashellduringits
passageofanimmensely
longtube.
In
mid-1942
August
Cönders,chiefengineerof
theRöchlingIronandSteel
Works,
Leipzig,
rediscoveredtheprinciple
while
reading
through
technicaldossierscaptured
bytheGermansinFrance
in1940.Heworkedoutan
improved
design
and
approached
Armaments
MinisterSpeerwiththe
idea.
Hitler
was
enthusiasticanddemanded
that
the
development
should
proceed
immediately.
Thedesignwasforagun
consistingofnumerous
lengths
of
smoothbore
metal
tubing
bolted
togethertoformabarrel
upto124metreslong.
Every3.65metresalongits
length
was
a
lateral
combustionchambersetat
from45°toarightangle.
The
shell
and
main
propellantwereloadedinto
ansFH18heavyfield
howitzerbreech.Whenthe
gun
was
fired,
the
projectile
would
be
impelled
forward
by
pressure
from
a
gas
cartridge,andonpassing
eachchamberittriggered
electrically
another
cartridgepositionedthere
which
gave
the
shell
furthervelocity.Thiswas
repeatedthroughoutits
transitofthebarrel.The
electricalactivationsolved
a
detonation
problem
whichhadbeencausedby
expandinggasesdetonating
the
auxiliary
chambers
beforethearrivalofthe
shell.Themuzzlevelocity
was
around
1500
metres/sec
which
was
significantlygreaterthan
thatofstandardartillery
andprovidedarangeof
about160kilometres.The
original10-inchcalibre
projectilewasovernine
feetinlengthandweighed
140kiloswitha25-kilo
warhead.Sixwingsopened
inflightforstability.
Twenty-five
guns
were
projectedwhichatfull
outputwouldhaveenabled
London,150kilometres
distant,tobesubjectedtoa
persistentrainofupto200
ten-inchcalibreshellsper
hour.Forthisreasonthe
project
was
nicknamed
fleissigesLieschen,Busy
Lizzie.
The
Heereswaffenamt,
or
GermanArmyWeapons
Office,contractedwith
firms
such
as
Skoda,
Krupp,
Röchling,
WitkowitzIronandSteel,
Faserstoff,Fürstenbergand
Bochumer
Verein
for
various
calibres
of
ammunition.Towardsmid-
194420,000shellswere
completed
or
under
production.
Evenbeforetheguntrials
hadbegun,workwas
startedinthelatesummer
of1943onavast,well
camouflagedunderground
gun
battery
to
house
twenty-fivebarrelsofthe
HPPontheChannelcoast
at
Mimoyecques.
The
barrelsweretobesunkin
shaftsata50°angle150
feetdownintotheground.
Aslavelabourforceof
10,000
persons
was
involved
in
the
construction
and
information
was
soon
passedtoLondonabouta
new
mammoth
“undergroundV-1site”.
Theinitialtestswere
carriedoutusingbarrel
lengthsbetween50and
130
metres,
first
at
Hillerslebenandthenfrom
arangeatMisdroynear
Peenemünde
at
the
beginningof1944.Various
permutationsofbarrelsand
chambers
were
tried
without
much
success.
Shellsweresuppliedby
numerousmanufacturers.
Intestsbetween21and23
March1944itwasfound
thatatmuzzlevelocities
above1100metres/secthe
tubesloststabilityand
developedmetalstresses.
General
Leeb
recommended
that
the
projectbestoppedfor
investigations.ByMay
1944thegunhadan
acceptablerangeof95
kilometres
and
experimentswerestepped
up
to
find
ways
of
increasingmuzzlevelocity.
Beforeanygunswere
delivered,
the
Mimoyecques
emplacement
was
destroyedon6July1944
byRAFaircraftusinga
12,000-pound
Tallboy
bomb.Thissignalledthe
endoftheprojectforthe
long-rangebombardment
ofLondonandputthe
entire
V-3
project
in
question.
Neverthelessfurthertrials
withtheHPPwithshorter
barrelswereundertakenat
Misdroyandeventuallythe
wholeprojectwasplaced
inthehandsofSS-
Obergruppenführer
Hans
Kammler,headoftheV-
weaponsproject.Underhis
supervisiontheV-3project
wasacceleratedforan
operation
in
the
late
autumnof1944and,with
thehelpofGeneralDr
(Ing)ErichDornberger,
military
commander
at
Peenemünde,abatteryof
two50-metrelong15-cm
(5.9-inch)calibrebarrels
withtwelveright-angled
side
chambers
was
completed.
An
emplacement
had
been
excavated
at
Bürderheidermühleona
woodedslopeoftheRuwer
atLampaden,about13
kilometressouth-eastof
Trier,wherethebattery
wasinstalledunderthe
supervisionofHauptmann
Patzigandhis550-strong
Army
Artillery
Detachment705.
ThetwoHPPbarrels
restedonthirteensteel
girdersanchoredtoburied
woodenfoundationsand
werelaidtothewestwitha
34°
elevation.
43
kilometresalongthefiring
linewastargetnumber
305,
Luxemburg
City.
Calculationsshowedthat
the
two
guns
had
a
maximumrangeof65
kilometreswithashell
dispersionradiusoffrom
2.5to5kilometres.
Betweenthetwobarrels
werethreebunkersforthe
guncrewspluseitherside
ofthebarrelstensmaller
bunkerswhichservedas
shell
and
powder
magazines.
The
Lampaden
emplacementwaspartof
theplanfortheArdennes
offensive.
Ammunition
supplywaspoorbecauseof
disruptiontotherailways
andinviewofthecritical
timefactoritwasdecided
tousea95-kiloshellof15-
cmcalibrewithawarhead
of7to9kilos.The
propellantwasa5-kilo
maincartridgeandtwenty-
fouradditionalchamber
charges,atotalof73kilos
ofAmmonpowderper
shell.
Neither
gun
was
operational
when
the
Ardennesoffensivebegan
on16December1944.
Hurriedpreparationswere
beingmadetosupportthe
Germanoffensivefrom
Lampaden.
Luxemburg
City,liberatedbythe
AmericansinSeptember
1944,wasfinallychosenas
thetargetfordiversionary
fire.Althoughthebattery
wasonlyoperationaltoa
limited
extent
on
20
December,Kammlerwas
toldbyHighCommand
Westtohaveitready
beforeNewYear.
OnSaturday30December
1944No1Gunopened
fire.Theflightofshell
from
Lampaden
to
Luxemburg
was
42.5
kilometres.
Because
of
muzzlevelocityvariables
and
the
variety
of
propellantsbeingusedit
wasestimatedthatthe
targetzonewasfrom40.6
to43.6kilometres,givinga
dispersalofsalvoesof
about3kilometres.The
exactbarrelelevationwas
setat36°andthemuzzle
velocity
935
metres/second.
Two‘warmers’werefired
at2145hrsand2205hrs
before
Oberleutnant
Bortschellerorderedthe
guntoopenfireinearnest
at2216hrsinthepresence
ofSS-Obergruppenführer
Kammler,
the
battery
commanderandofficers
from
a
neighbouring
artillerydetachment.Fire
ceasedat2343hrs.Five
shellsexplodedmoreor
lessinthecitycentrebut
whateffecttheyhadis
unknown.
According
to
German
sources,thesewere95-kilo
shells,probablythesix-
winged
Röchling
type
numbered32,29,47,15,
28(firingsequence).On31
December
twenty-three
morewerefiredbetween
0007hrsand2333hrsfrom
No1Gun,whileNo2Gun
wasstillbeingadjusted,
thisnotbeingcompleted
until3January.
Followinground17fired
at0944hrsthepressure
tubewasfoundtohave
shiftedby4millimetres
andhadtoberealigned.
Aftertwo‘warmers’the
remainingshellswerefired
withoutincidentbetween
1943and1958hrs.
4January1601–2007hrs.
No1Gun,16rounds.No
2Gunreadybutdidnot
fire.
11January2016–2351
hrs.Bothgunsfired,total
20rounds.
12January1847–2224
hrs.Bothgunsfired,total
20rounds.
13January0757–1238
hrs.Bothgunsfired,total
22rounds,afterwhich
bothbarrelswerechecked
andadjusted.Becauseof
ammunitionshortage,fire
wasnotresumeduntil15
January.
15
January
Early
afternoon,
six
shells
explodedinLuxemburg
City.
16JanuaryLateafternoon,
sixroundsfired.The
towerofthecathedral
washitandfourpersons
attending
mass
were
killed.
18January1421–1638
hrs.Bothgunsfired19
rounds.Mostofthese
explodednorth-eastof
thecityinthesuburbsof
Clausen,Neudorfand
Hamm
injuring
13
persons.
20January0808–1353
hrs.Bothgunsfireda
totalof24rounds.
Preparations
had
been
takeninhandtotransport
and
mount
two
more
barrelswithselectedlines
offireintoBelgiumand
FranceandexistingHPP
ammunitionwasrationed
outbetweenthefourguns.
BynowtheAmericans
were
counter-attacking
successfully
in
the
Ardennesregionandasit
was
obvious
that
Lampadenwouldsoonbe
under
threat,
Kammler
orderedthedetachmentto
bepreparedtodismantle
thetwopressuretubesfora
withdrawaleastofthe
Rhineinduecourse.The
lack
of
ammunition
remainedsevere.
15February0908–1735
hrs.No1Gunfired20
roundsatLuxemburg.
These
all
fell
in
unpopulatedareasnear
HammandSandweiler
eastofthecity.
16February1020–1405
hrs.No1Gunfiredfour
shellswhichfellnear
Fetschenhaff
causing
littledamage.According
toGermansourcesthe
batteryhadnowonlysix
roundsleft.
22February1745–1858
hrs.Sixshellswerefired,
alloff-targetandlanded
inopencountrynear
Merl.Thisterminatedthe
V-3programmeandthe
gunsweredismantledfor
transport
across
the
Rhine.
On
26
February
US
armouredunitsadvanced
towithin3kilometresof
Lampaden
where
they
captured
guns
and
replacement
parts.
A
quantityofammunition
wasalsoconfiscatedand
testedlaterattheAberdeen
ProvingGround,Maryland.
The
V-3
HPP
was
consideredtohavelimited
valueandneededfurther
development.
Operationally183rounds
had
been
fired
from
Lampaden
towards
Luxemburgofwhich143
(78%)explodedwithinthe
territoryorverycloseto
it.20
TheV-3sufferedfrom
lackofdevelopmentdueto
thepressureoftime.Had
theMimoyecquesbattery
beenoperationalagainst
Londonin1943,delivering
2006-inchshellsperhour,
Paul
Brickhill’s
fears
mighteasilyhavebeen
justified.
V-4Uraniumbombeand
theDoomsdayBomb
Hitlerwaspinningallhis
hopes
on
the
Uraniumbombe.
This
laboratory-produced
nuclearexplosivewastobe
thewarheadinthelargeV-
2orA9/10rockets.TheV-
2hadarangeof200miles
whiletheA9/10couldhit
NewYork.Therewasno
rocketofthesamespecies
fortheintermediateranges
andthisomissionwas
fatal.ByDecember1944
when
theUraniumbombe
wasreadyforusein
numbersforthedefinitive
V-2campaign,theLow
CountriesandFrancehad
beenlostandnowthe
rangewastoolong.After
thefailureoftheArdennes
campaign,inMarch1945
Hitlerdecidedonalast
desperategamble.Onhis
lastappearanceatthe
front,heexhortedhis
troopstoholdoutuntilthe
miracleweaponshouldbe
ready,whichwouldbring
about
the
change
in
Germany’s
fortunes.
Posterityhasbeenleftfew
tracesoftheformerflak
weaponbasedonfiredamp.
Inprincipleitgenerateda
ferociouspressurewaveat
ground
level,
killing
principallybyblastand
suffocation,butithada
knock-on
effect
which
threatened
a
structural
changetotheatmosphere.
Themysteriouslossof
LuftwaffeandOKWWar
Diariesforthemonthorso
inquestionmayhavebeen
connected
with
the
execution
of
Luftwaffe
GeneralBarberandseveral
hundredpilotsandairfield
commandersforrefusing
toimplementorderstouse
itattheendofMarch
1945.Whencapturedin
Maythatyear,Hermann
Goeringexclaimedthathe
had“declinedtodeploya
weaponwhichmighthave
destroyedallcivilisation,”
theinferencebeingperhaps
that
the
use
of
the
explosivethreatenedtoso
destabilizetheclimateas
to
bring
about
the
cataclysm,butthatHitler
hadneverthelessordered
itsuseagainsttheAllieson
the
Western
Front
regardless.
It
certainly
doesnotlookasthoughit
happenedthatwayround,
forreasonsexplainedlater.
CHAPTER2
TheAryan
Physics
Doctrine
ON30JANUARY1933
theNationalSocialist
PartyunderAdolfHitler
came
to
power
in
Germany.Thosewhosaw
in
National
Socialism
nothing
more
than
a
politicalmovementknew
scarcelyanythingofit.It
wasmoreeventhana
religion;itwasthewillto
createmankindanew.
“Onethingiscertain–
Hitlerhasthespiritof
theprophet.Wehad
cometoaturningpoint
inworldhistory–that
washisconstanttheme.
Weuninstructedpersons,
itwasclear,hadno
conceptionofthescaleof
therevolutionthatwasto
takeplaceinalllife.At
thesetimesHitlerspoke
asaseer,asoneofthe
initiated.Hisinspired
pronouncements
were
basedonabiological
mysticism…thepursuit
of‘therandompathof
theintelligence’wasthe
realdefectionofman
fromhisdivinemission.
Tohave‘magicinsight’
wasHitler’sideaofthe
goalofhumanprogress.
Hehimselffeltthathe
already
had
the
rudimentsofthisgift.He
attributed
to
it
his
successesandhisfuture
eminence.Hesawhis
ownremarkablecareeras
aconfirmationofHidden
Powers.”21
These
Hidden
Powers
seem
to
have
first
possessed
Hitler
on
ArmisticeDay1918.He
hadbeenadmittedto
PasewalkMilitaryHospital
attheendofthewar
sufferingfrommustardgas
poisoningandplacedunder
thecareofapsychiatrist,
DrEdmundForster,who
misdiagnosedhiscondition
aspsychopathichysteria.
What
treatment
was
administeredandwhatthe
correct
diagnosis
was
remainamysterysincethe
Gestaposeizedtherecords
in1933andDrForster
committed
suicide
the
sameyear.Accordingto
Hitlerwhileatthehospital
hehadexperienced“a
visionfromanotherworld”
whichtoldhimthathe
neededtorestorehissight
sothathecouldlead
Germany
back
to
greatness.
His
anti-
semitismmanifestedat
Pasewalk.Itwastherethat
hepromisedsolemnlyto
becomeapoliticianand
“devotehisenergiesto
fulfillingtheorderswhich
hehadreceived”.22
“Yes,Hitlercontinued,
Nietzschewentsofaras
to
recognize
the
superman
as
a
new
biologicalvariety.Buthe
wasnottoosureofit.
ManisbecomingGod–
thatisthesimplefact.
ManisGodinthe
making.
Man
has
eternallytostrainathis
limitations.Themoment
herelaxesandcontents
himselfwiththem,he
decaysandfallsbelow
thehumanlevel.He
becomesaquasi-beast.
Godsandbeasts,thatis
whatourworldismade
of”.23
Thus
was
National
Socialismatrootanidea
embracing
powerful
emotions
harnessed
towards
a
demiurgic
transformation
of
the
worldbyanewraceof
Aryanmankindwhichwas,
orsoheimagined,atthe
sametimetheresurgence
ofanHimalayanraceof
profoundantiquity.And,
fromtheveryoutset,the
worldenemyhadbeen
identified.Inabooklet
publishedfromhisnotes
made
in
1923,
and
publishedbyHohenreichen
VerlagMunichin1924
underthetitleBolshevism
fromMosestoLenin:A
DialoguebetweenAdolf
HitlerandMe24,Hitler’stutorinmagic,Dietrich
Eckart,
to
whom
he
dedicatedMeinKampf,
demonstratedthattheroots
ofthehatredoftheJews
stretchedbacktothepre-
ExodusperiodinAncient
Egypt.
Theorientaloriginsof
Hitler’s
movement
are
obviousnotonlyfromits
symbolism.ManyNational
Socialist
speeches,
includingthosebyHitler,
weredirecttranslations,
phrasebyphrase,fromthe
worksoftheChinese
philosopherYangShang,
whosetheoriesinfluenced
ShihHuang-Ti(246–209
BC),builderoftheGreat
Wall,anemperorbeguiled
bytheesotericlanguageof
Taoistsacredwritings.25
TheGermanCustomslist
ofbooksbannedfrom
entryintotheThirdReich
wasfairlycompleteasfar
asthelanguagesofEurope
and
America
were
concerned,butlackingin
orientaltitles–infact
entirelydevoidofthem.
Theworksofthepacifist
Chinese
political
philosopherswerenoton
it,
and
even
German,
French
and
English
translationsofthesebooks
couldcomein.26
RudolfHess,interrogated
intheTowerofLondon
undertheeffectofatruth
serum,statedthatNational
Socialistsvaluedtheoccult
scienceshighlyandmight
evenbe,throughHitler,the
puppetsofaclandestine
DirectorateintheOrient.27
Nodoubthehadother
thingstosay.Exactlywhy
he
had
to
serve
his
sentence
of
life
imprisonmentinsolitary
confinement
has
never
beenmadeclear,buthis
uninvitedarrivalinBritain
one
month
before
Barbarossasuggeststhat
he,atleast,believedhehad
acogentargumentforthe
termination
of
Anglo-
Germanhostilities.
Thedoctrinethereforehad
itsvarioussourcesinthe
Orient,andalthoughthe
underlyingphilosophyof
Nazi
science
is
undocumented,itislikely
tohavebeentheHermetic
tradition.Hitlerwasa
discipleoftheBuddhistic
thinkerSchopenhauer,and
hissuccessstemmedfrom
aprofoundknowledgeof
magicalcausesoccasioned
byreadingSchopenhauer’s
treatmentofHermeticism.
Bythisismeantthe
ancient
Trismegistic
literatureoftheHermetic
tradition
of
which
uncontested
Egyptian
treatisessurviveandthus
forthesecondtimewithin
afewpassageswefound
ourselvesconfrontedby
thespectreofAncient
Egyptinconnectionwith
NationalSocialism.
Hermeticsciencestates
thateachelementinmatter
hasasitscrystalaunique
geometricform.Thusan
assayistcanrecognizeany
mineralbymicroscopic
examinationofitscrystal.
TheexperimentalistSir
WilliamCrooks,having
spreadsomefinesandover
theheadofadrum,
soundeddifferentnotes
abovethedrumheadwitha
tuningfork.Itwasfound
thatthesandshiftedand
alwaysassumedthesame
uniquegeometricfigure
correspondingtothekey
sounded.Thisprovedthat
vibrationistheoriginof
form.Allmatter,mineral
ororganic,ismerelya
molecularstructureheld
togetherbyakeynote,
fromwhichonecaninfer
thateverythinginthe
materialuniverseisthe
result
of
vibration,
a
fortuitousconcourseof
atoms.Thewholesecretof
matteristhatallformisa
modeofmotionofthe
originalcosmicenergy,
foundinfinerorgrosser
formonallplanesof
nature.Thiswasthesecret
behindthephilosophyof
Schopenhauer,theguruof
Hitler,thatthematerial
worldisonlyanillusion
andnophysicalobjecthas
anypermanentreality.The
only
reality
is
the
vibration.
SinceAdolfHitlerhadto
suppressthecareerofa
sciencewhichdidnotwork
forthebenefitofhumanity
becomingGod,butfor
darker,
more
material
purposes,theredawned
AryanPhysics.
AryanPhysics(thetermis
twinned
with
the
expressionJewishPhysics
whichmeansanyscientific
procedurenotcompatible
withAryandoctrine)wasa
NationalSocialistdoctrine
inspiredbytwoGerman
NobelPrizewinnersin
Physics,ProfessorPhilipp
LenardandDrJohannes
Stark,althoughtheimpetus
foritisboundtohave
comefromHitler.Inthe
fourvolumesofDeutsche
Physikpublishedin1936,
Professor
Lenard
had
completedtheunenviable
taskofsettingoutthe
doctrine.Itwasill-defined
and
fraught
with
contradictions.
The
principalpurposeofthe
twofounderswastorefute
various
20th
century
developments
in
sub-
atomicscience,principally
Einstein’s
theories
of
relativity,
and
also
quantumtheory,labelling
them“aJewishsedition”
and“theoutgrowthsofan
alienmentality”.
In
1927
the
German
quantum
physicist
Professor
Werner
Heisenbergpostulatedhis
UncertaintyPrinciple,a
propositionoffar-reaching
consequenceformodern
philosophyandscience
which
challenged
Einstein’sinsistenceona
causal,
predictable
universe.Sincequantum
mechanicspredictsthatthe
sub-atomic
world
is
without
independent
structure,thiscontradicts
notonlyEinstein’stheory
ofrelativitybutalsothe
Hermeticdoctrine,which
statesthatallmatteris
molecularstructureheld
togetherbyharmonics.
Heisenberg’sUncertainty
Principle
and
quantum
mechanics
assert
the
unpredictableandrandom
distribution
of
nuclear
particles.Itisclaimedthat
thetheoryhaswithstood
everytestdevisedforit,
but,nevertheless,contrary
tothegatheringscientific
evidenceagainstEinstein’s
theories,bothsystemsare
eventodaysupposedtobe
heldinequalimportance
by
science.
Modern
theoreticalphysicistssay
thatinordertounderstand
the
workings
of
the
universe
from
its
inception,
relativity
theorieswillultimatelybe
reconciledwithquantum
mechanicsinthesofar
elusive
unified
field
theory,buttheelectron
problem(inwhichthe
particlegoesoutsidethe
time-spacecontinuumor
range
of
observation
during
measurement)
makesthisunlikely.More
probably,intheopinionof
many,relativitytheorywill
ultimatelyhavetobe
discarded.28
Einsteinassertedthata
three-dimensional
continuumplustimeisall
thereis.Inthe1920she
pointedoutthatquantum
physicsappearedtopredict
thatsub-atomicparticles
communicate
with
one
another
instantaneously
and
regardless
of
the
distanceseparatingthem.
Thisimpliedfaster-than-
lightcommunicationwhich
wasprohibitedbyhis
theoryofrelativity,the
cardinalprincipleofwhich
was
the
dictum
that
nothingcantravelfaster
thanlight,sincethatwould
imply
a
number
of
unacceptable
paradoxes
suchastimetravel.In
1982thephysicistsAspect,
DalibardandRogerofthe
InstituteofOpticsatthe
UniversityofParisproved
byexperimentthatwhen
twinphotonsemittedfrom
acalciumatomtravelleda
significantdistanceapart,
andhadtheiranglesof
polarization–thespecific
angleoforientationofthe
lightwave–measured
simultaneously,
their
polarizationswerealways
foundtobecorrelated.
Einsteinhadstatedyears
beforethat,ifthatwere
discoveredtobethecase,
hewouldacceptthatthe
two
protons
had
communicated
instantaneously.Thusit
would
seem
that
the
Specialtheoryofrelativity
cannotstand,andtime
travel,UFOsfromother
dimensions“andahostof
other
paradoxes”
are
possible.
Muchearlierthan1982
AryanPhysicssuspected
thatwhenEinsteinwas
workingontheunified
fieldtheory,herealized
thatrelativitycouldnotbe
accommodatedinit,butby
thenitwasimpossiblefor
himtoadmithisearlier
error.Whiledismissing
relativitytheoryaltogether,
AryanPhysicsalsorefuted
quantumphysicsonthe
groundsthatallunified
fieldtheoriescontinuedto
view
space-time
in
Einstein’sterms.Since
Hermeticscienceaccepts
otherdimensionsbeyond
our
own
continuum,
presumablythis,together
withtheassertionthatthe
sub-atomicworldhasno
independentstructure,was
what
Aryan
Physics
consideredwaslackingin
quantumtheory.Sincethe
war,
through
optics
research
and
spectral
analysisfromtheOrbiting
SolarObservatory,OSO7
ofNASA,wehavenew
knowledgeconcerningthe
compositionandformation
oftheuniverse.Vibratory
sound
fields
do
exist
within
the
sub-atomic
worlds
which
appear
responsibleformolecular
structures
maintaining
their
specific
particle
configurations.
The
implicationisthatthe
structureoftheuniverseis
basedonharmonics.
Beforetheadventof
quantum
theory,
most
physicists
accepted
a
universethatwastotally
causal.Thesuccessof
Newton’sphysicswasdue
totheapparentlawsof
causalityseemingtoexist
forvirtuallyeverysystem.
Evenwhenpredictionwas
impractical,
classical
physicsstillassumedthat
thesystemwascausal.
Thismechanisticviewwas
basedonthenotionthat
realityiscomposedof
solidobjectsandempty
space,andintherealmof
everydaylifethisisstill
valid.Therefutationof
quantum
and
relativity
theories
meant
the
resurrectionofNewtonian
PhysicsinNaziGermany.
Inevitablythishadits
repercussions
in
the
nuclearfield,forasSpeer
explained,29Hitler“sethisface
against
nuclear
physics
for
doctrinal
reasons,”andevidently
showedlittleinterestin
havinghisscientistsbuild
anuclearreactorasa
power
source.
The
evidencealsosuggeststhat
hedidnotwanttousethe
atombomb.Ifonecan
accepttheideathat,far
frombeingmerelyamob-
orator
with
a
limited
intellect,Hitlerwasliterate
philosophically,evenifthe
resultsofhisbeliefswere
horrendous,
then
the
assertionofmanyofhis
contemporary
scientists
andmilitaryleadersmay
betrue,thatdecisionsin
thescientificfieldwere
based
on
his
obscure
scientific
doctrine
or
communicatedtohimfrom
anotherlevel.