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In the 19th and 20th centuries the World has faced the industrial and the computer ages, which optimized greatly our work with the help of machines and computers.
In the beginning it was a very difficult development, but once the progress started it continued increasing its speed and quality.
As a result the World has changed much more than people thought possible.
In the beginning
The Sumerians had 3 ways to count: for land, for fruit and vegetables, for animals.
1900-1800 BC, the Babylonians invented place values.
1000-500 BC, the Babylonians invented Abacus.
1642 Blaise Pascal made an Arithmetic Machine.
1670s Leibnitz’s made the Step Reckoner. Step Reckoner
Arithmetic Machine
Abacus
The first computers Computers - the people who did the
calculations and wrote the books of answers.
1820s - Charles Babbage invented a Difference Engine
Babbage’s Analytical Engine with a kind of memory
Ada Lovelace – the first computer programmer
in 1979 a modern computer programming language was named ADA
1930s Konrad Zuse made the Z1
Alan Turing was born in 1912 studied mathematics at
Cambridge University in 1939 began to work for the
British Government by 1942 built the Bombe to
read Enigma code by 1944 built Colossus to read
Fish code Colossus
The Bombe
• 1957 - IBM made the 610 Auto-Point
The history of PC
•1971 - Intel made a computer chip 4004, etc.•1976 - Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak started the Apple •1981 - 1st home computer
•1981 - 1st big success of Microsoft
•1998 - Apple created iMac
•2000 - appearance of Intel Pentium, etc.
•now - modern PCs, notebooks, net books, laptops, iPads, iPods, etc.
Bill Gates and Microsoft Was born in Seattle in 1955 Bill Gates and Paul Allen left university early and started Microsoft MS’s 1st big success came in 1981 MS made their own operating system which used pictures – they called it Windows MS became the most successful company in computer software
Humans against computers
Are they really more powerful and more intelligent than humans?Do they really think in the same way that humans think?Can they go wrong and start to do frightening and dangerous things?
They can:
-do millions of calculations every second;
-play chess and look at 200,000,000 different chess moves;
- even create pieces of music, etc.!!!
Note:
No one computer has passed the Turing Test yet… created by man.
The InternetYear Inventor Invention
1970s the Internet began as a way to send information from one computer to another
early 1990s Tim Berners-Lee (UK) Web
1995 Pierre Omidyar (USA) Auction Web = eBay
1996 Larry Page and Sergey Brin (USA) Google
1997 Ilya Segalovich and Arkady Volozh (Russia) Yandex
1998 Tom Hadfield (USA) Soccernet
2005 Alex Tew (UK) Million Dollar Homepage
The Internet is great way to:
Share information and ideas
Copy music, video, pictures, etc.
Communicate
Find
in
form
atio
n
Download documents
and lots of other cool things… but you should know how to get profit from the global net.
Buy and sell
Trave
l
Getting the message 1774 - the 1st telegraph machine
1840s - telegraph with Morse code
1920s – the telex 1980s – e-mail messages from one PC to another by the same e-mail system
1990s – messages by the Internet
late 1990s – text messages by mobile phones
Mobile phones have changed the lives of people all over the world!
Let’s watch the evolution of the mobile phones…
Viruses
A virus is a kind of
computer program,
that moves from one
computer to another and
damages the computer’s
memory or other parts
of the machine.
And we shouldn’t forget the history of Computer Gaming
Spacewar and Adventure started the 2 most important kinds of computer games: - with fast action- with stories and imagination
Computer crime
Usually they do it by e-mail…the e-mail pretends to be from a large, well-known company that asks the victim to go to a company website and put in their name, account number and other information.
Using the Internet criminals can get victims’ addresses, the numbers of their bank accounts and so on