e-Government: Reforming the Public e-Government: Reforming the Public

Administration to Accelerate DevelopmentAdministration to Accelerate Development

The Mozambican ExperienceThe Mozambican Experienceby

SalomSalomãão Jo J.. Manhi ManhiççaaChairman, INCM (Postal & Telecom Regulator)

Director, ICT Policy Implementation Technical Unit

International Conference e-Government: Supporting e-Government: Supporting Democracy, Accelerating DevelopmentDemocracy, Accelerating Development

Rome, Italy, 13 May 2004

Agenda * AgendaAgenda * Agenda• Mozambique in a nutshellMozambique in a nutshell• Laying the ground for socio-economic Laying the ground for socio-economic

development in Mozambiquedevelopment in Mozambique• Public Sector Reform: a new opportunity for a Public Sector Reform: a new opportunity for a

credible Public Administration credible Public Administration • e-Government: a catalytic engine for Public e-Government: a catalytic engine for Public

Sector Reform and socio-economic development Sector Reform and socio-economic development • How to achieve our goals?How to achieve our goals?• Challenges and OpportunitiesChallenges and Opportunities• ConclusionConclusion

Mozambique in a nutshellMozambique in a nutshellGeographical LocalizationGeographical Localization:: Southern Africa Southern Africa

Neighbouring CountriesNeighbouring Countries:: Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa and SwazilandZimbabwe, South Africa and Swaziland

AreaArea:: 799.380 km 799.380 km22

PopulationPopulation (2002)(2002)

• Total:Total: 18,082,523 habitants 18,082,523 habitants • Urban:Urban: 29%29%• Rural:Rural: 71%71%

Illiteracy Rate (2000)Illiteracy Rate (2000)• National:National: 60.5%60.5%• Urban:Urban: 29.5%29.5%• Rural:Rural: 70.5%70.5%

People living below poverty line: People living below poverty line: 60%60%

Life Expectancy: Life Expectancy: 45.5 years45.5 years

GDPGDP:: US$2.5 billion in 2000 US$2.5 billion in 2000

GDP per CapitaGDP per Capita:: US$171 in 1997 andUS$171 in 1997 and

US$ 230 in 2000US$ 230 in 2000

HDI Ranking:HDI Ranking: 170 of 174 Countries170 of 174 Countries

Pemba

C A B O

D E L G A D ON I A S S A

N A M P U L A

Z A M B É Z I A

T E T E

MA

NI

CA

S O F A L A

IN

HA

MB

AN

E

G A Z A

MA

PU

TO

Maputo

Inhambane

Xai-Xai

Beira

Quelimane

Nampula

Ponta do Ouro

Tete

Lichinga

ÁFRICADO SUL

SWAZI-LÂNDIA

ZÂMBIA

ZIMBABWE

TANZÂNIA

MALAWI

Chimoio

Sources: INE (Instituto Nacional de Estatística) andUNDP Human Development Report 2002

PARPA: Laying the ground forPARPA: Laying the ground for socio-socio-economiceconomic development development

• In 2001 a comprehensive and integrated Action Plan for the In 2001 a comprehensive and integrated Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty (PARPA) was approved. That’s Reduction of Absolute Poverty (PARPA) was approved. That’s Mozambique’s first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)Mozambique’s first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)

• Our PARPA is based on: Our PARPA is based on:

– Prior Government plans, including the Prior Government plans, including the Lines of Action for the Eradication of Lines of Action for the Eradication of Absolute Poverty Absolute Poverty (1999);(1999);

– PARPA 2000-2004 (Interim PRSP);PARPA 2000-2004 (Interim PRSP);

– Government ProgrammeGovernment Programme 2000-2004; and2000-2004; and

– Sectoral and inter-sectoral plans, policies and strategies developed by Sectoral and inter-sectoral plans, policies and strategies developed by different Statedifferent State institutions institutions

The PARPA is well in tune with the Millennium Development Goalsand the NEPAD Plan of Action

PARPA’s main areasPARPA’s main areasPARPA has defined PARPA has defined six priorities areas for action, six priorities areas for action, with the aim with the aim

to promote human development and create a favourable to promote human development and create a favourable environment for rapid, inclusive and broad-based growth; environment for rapid, inclusive and broad-based growth;

– Education Education - Achieve universal primary education, while rapidly - Achieve universal primary education, while rapidly expanding secondary education, informal education, and vocational expanding secondary education, informal education, and vocational training;training;

– Health Health - Expansion of, and improvement in, the coverage of primary - Expansion of, and improvement in, the coverage of primary health care;health care;

– Agriculture and rural development - Agriculture and rural development - increase income-generating increase income-generating opportunities in agriculture, especially for the family sector;opportunities in agriculture, especially for the family sector;

– Basic infrastructureBasic infrastructure - Improvements in the road network , provision - Improvements in the road network , provision of water, energy and telecommunications is fundamental ;of water, energy and telecommunications is fundamental ;

– Good governance - Good governance - Improvements in the quality of State institutions is Improvements in the quality of State institutions is very important for the provision of public services benefiting the poorvery important for the provision of public services benefiting the poor ; ; andand

– Macro-economic and financial management policiesMacro-economic and financial management policies

Public Sector Reform: a new Public Sector Reform: a new opportunity for a credible opportunity for a credible

Public AdministrationPublic AdministrationMoving away from the old paradigm of a Public

Administration centred on itself, the Govt. has adopted a wide-ranging Public Sector Reform, aiming at

• Putting citizens and businesses at the centre;• Streamlining service delivery and making public

service more efficient and effective;• Combating corruption and promoting accountability; • In one word: making good governance a reality,

not just a slogan!

ICTs as an enabler for Public Sector ICTs as an enabler for Public Sector Reform and socio-economic developmentReform and socio-economic development

• In 1998, the Govt of Mozambique established an ICT Policy Commission chaired by the Prime Minister and comprised by Govt Ministers and representatives of private sector, civil society and academia

• The ICT Policy Commission drafted an ICT Policy (adopted in 2000) and its Implementation Strategy (adopted in 2002), both of which constitute not only Mozambique’s roadmap to the Information Society but also a decisive tool for Public Sector Reform and socio-economic development

Dynamics

The ICT Policy Implementation Strategy sports a tightly integrated approach in The ICT Policy Implementation Strategy sports a tightly integrated approach in such a way as to generate a creative dynamics amongst all stakeholders: Govt, such a way as to generate a creative dynamics amongst all stakeholders: Govt, private sector, academic & research institutions, civil society, and donorsprivate sector, academic & research institutions, civil society, and donors

Priority Areas of the ICT Policy and Priority Areas of the ICT Policy and StrategyStrategy

Enter-Enter-priseprise

Policy & Regulation• Transparency & Inclusion• Solid Legal Framework• Institutional Capacity

Infrastructure• Modern & high performing

Content & Applications• Relevance & Usefulness• Language• Affordability • Application Development

Enterprise• Financing & Credits• Market Access• Efficiency• Demand Stimulus

E-Government• Efficacy and Efciciency• Reduction of Operational

Costs• Reduction of Red Tape &

Corruption• More Accountability

ICTs

Human Capacity• National competencies

• Qualified ICT Technicians

• Valued Professionals

HumanHumanCapacityCapacity

Policy & Policy & Regula-Regula-

tiontion

Infra-Infra-structurestructure

Content and Content and Applica-Applica-

tions tions

e-e-Govern-Govern-

mentment

Provinces

ICT Pilot Project SamplerICT Pilot Project SamplerInfrastructure National Transmission Network Provincial Digital Resource Centres Telecentres Digital Agencies

Human Capacity SchoolNet ICT Curricula & Certification MOZ ICT Institute

Policy & Regulation Telecommunications Sector Reform Capacity Building of the Regulator

E-Government Government Network Computerized Land Registry Civil Service InfoSys Civil ID System Financial Management One-Stop Counter Country Gateway

Content/Applications ICT Knowledge Base SciTech Network Distance Education HIV/AIDS InfoSys

ICT for Development ICT for Development ProgrammeProgramme

TETE

INH

AM

BAN

E

UNDP-supported initiative aimed at addressing internal digital divide and promote development through the use of ICTs:

• Provincial Digital Resource Centres

• Computer training for 2500 Public Servants

• Universal e-mail• VSAT Units• Mobile ICT Units• Content development

National Transmission National Transmission NetworkNetwork

Submarine Fibre Optic

Inland Fibre Optic

hertziane DigitalM aputo

C hokw e

Xai-Xai

Inham bane

Vilanculos

B eira

C him oioM anica

Tete

Songo

Q ue lim ane

A ngocheN am pula

Ilha de M oçam bique

N acalaC uam ba

Pem baLichinga

N

Nation’sCapital

Provincial CapitalsTowns

Mozambique Information and Mozambique Information and Communication Technologies Institute Communication Technologies Institute

(MICTI)(MICTI)Research and

Learning Institute

Science and Technology Park Business Incubator

Address the dire need for skilled personnel in Mozambique and in the region

Nurture entrepreneurial skills providing employment and wealth generation opportunities

Participation of international and domestic organizations that will provide expert input, seed knowledge and innovation capacities.

How to achieve our ambitious How to achieve our ambitious goals?goals?

• Public-Private Partnership or cooperation Public-Private Partnership or cooperation among all stakeholders is essential: among all stakeholders is essential: Government, public and private sector, Government, public and private sector, academia, non-governmental organizations, the academia, non-governmental organizations, the donor community, all are expected to work donor community, all are expected to work together in very concrete programs and together in very concrete programs and projects to achieve tangible resultsprojects to achieve tangible results

• Mozambique is ready and has called upon all Mozambique is ready and has called upon all partners to join hands with the Govt. to make partners to join hands with the Govt. to make our dreams come true!our dreams come true!

• IT companies are welcome to establish IT companies are welcome to establish themselves in a very favourable environment, themselves in a very favourable environment, with good incentives, thanks to the with good incentives, thanks to the liberalisation of the telecommunications sector!liberalisation of the telecommunications sector!

Partnerships at workPartnerships at work

• UNDP – ICT4D ProgrammeUNDP – ICT4D Programme• Government of Italy/Development Gateway Government of Italy/Development Gateway

Foundation (e-Government, GovNET, Land Foundation (e-Government, GovNET, Land Registry)Registry)

• infoinfoDev/World Bank (Country Development Dev/World Bank (Country Development Gateway)Gateway)

• IDRC, Kellog Foundation (Telecentres)IDRC, Kellog Foundation (Telecentres)• IDRC, World Bank, Netherlands, ICEIDA IDRC, World Bank, Netherlands, ICEIDA

(SchoolNet)(SchoolNet)• FDC (Internet for EP2 schools)FDC (Internet for EP2 schools)• TDM (Digital Agencies, infrastructure)TDM (Digital Agencies, infrastructure)• USAID (GAIT-Growth through Accelerated USAID (GAIT-Growth through Accelerated

Investment and Trade)Investment and Trade)

Major ChallengesMajor Challenges • Insufficiency of ICT skills baseInsufficiency of ICT skills base• Weakness of ICT and telecom Weakness of ICT and telecom

infrastructureinfrastructure• Lack of financial resourcesLack of financial resources• For some leaders and policymakers For some leaders and policymakers

link between ICT and Development is link between ICT and Development is not yet obvious not yet obvious

• Partnerships with private sector, civil Partnerships with private sector, civil society and donor community not yet at society and donor community not yet at desired leveldesired level

• Policy and Regulatory environment not Policy and Regulatory environment not yet at desirable levelyet at desirable level

Major OpportunitiesMajor Opportunities• Good will at very top of the political leadershipGood will at very top of the political leadership• An ICT Policy already in place An ICT Policy already in place • An ICT Policy Implementation Strategy in place (with An ICT Policy Implementation Strategy in place (with

programmes, projects, benchmarks, and performance programmes, projects, benchmarks, and performance indicators)indicators)

• Coordination mechanism with stakeholders Coordination mechanism with stakeholders • ICT recognised as a cross-cutting issue and a development tool ICT recognised as a cross-cutting issue and a development tool

by the international community; andby the international community; and• E-Government recognized as an indispensable component of E-Government recognized as an indispensable component of

ICT Policies and Strategies (Palermo Conference 2002, WSIS ICT Policies and Strategies (Palermo Conference 2002, WSIS 2003)2003)

We Africans missed the Agricultural RevolutionWe Africans missed the Agricultural RevolutionWe missed the Industrial Revolution as wellWe missed the Industrial Revolution as wellWe cannot afford to miss the Information Revolution nor the We cannot afford to miss the Information Revolution nor the opportunities it offers for good governance through e-Government!opportunities it offers for good governance through e-Government!

What are we going to do today & What are we going to do today & tomorrow?tomorrow?

Hard work, make ICTS to work for reforming Hard work, make ICTS to work for reforming Public Administration and achieve the Public Administration and achieve the objectives of good governance: efficiency, objectives of good governance: efficiency, cost-effectiveness, transparency, cost-effectiveness, transparency, accountability and zero tolerance for accountability and zero tolerance for corruption!corruption!

THANK YOU VERY MUCHTHANK YOU VERY MUCHSalomao.Manhica@infopol.gov.mz

www.infopol.gov.mz

Critical Success FactorsCritical Success Factors

• A clear vision, shared and communicated A clear vision, shared and communicated • Achievable targetsAchievable targets• Investment & political support Investment & political support • Partnerships [PPP]Partnerships [PPP]• Enabling infrastructure to bridge the Enabling infrastructure to bridge the

digital dividedigital divide• Common branding and marketingCommon branding and marketing• Access availability and affordabilityAccess availability and affordability• Awareness of the Access ChannelsAwareness of the Access Channels• Availability of FundingAvailability of Funding• Skilled resources to maintain GatewaySkilled resources to maintain Gateway