BY: RA L I AT O. A L A B I

SOLAR ENERGY

HOW TO STORE THE ENERGY

• Through the use of a technique used in thermal plants

• Water is in one thermotank while molten salt (from NaNO3 and KNO3) in another

• In a heat exchanger, Current is passed through the water which heats it to its boiling temperature to produce steam which heats up the molten salt

• After that the hot salt is stored away. • In times of darkness, the hot salt is passed through

the heat exchanger, to heat up the water which produces steam to turn a turbine connected to a generator, which creates electricity.

• Subsequently the generator can be connected to a grid

HOW TO MAKE SOLAR PANELS LESS EXPENSIVE

• Solar panels are made very thin thereby making them expensive• If it can be made thinner or one side and thicker

on the other, it will make it less expensive• Through the use of cylinder rods• It absorbs light through the length and releases

electrons on the width.

DESIGN OF THE SOLAR PANEL

NOTES TO TAKE

• The terrestrial radiation on Nigeria’s land area is 2.079 x 10^15 kWh/year and average annual consumption of all forms of energy in Nigeria is 2.4026 x 10^11kWh and the electrical energy consumption in the year 2001 was 15 x 10^6 kWh• Current technologies cost between N240-N360

per watt• N10 – N15 per Kilowatt/hour• Advancement in solar technologies will allow N4 -

N6 per kWh in the next few years

• Most solar cells cost less than N480 per watt output and is guaranteed for over 20 years. Absorption is approximately 939W/m^2.• A solar panel with 1000m^2 surface area and

with 10% power conversion efficiency would generate 94kW• Hence, total photovoltaic panel will cost = • 480 x 94000 = N45,120,000• National power presently cost N21 per kWh.

• 2007 average cost of wind N65.60• Installed wind power capacity cost N144,000-

N999,000 per KwReferences• Abdulkarim, H.T. Techno-Economic Analysis of

Solar Energy for Electric Power . Minna, 2004.• Ausra, inc. "An Introduction to Solar Thermal

Electric Power." Vol. I (2007): 1-4.• http://www2.hmc.edu/~evans/ACEViswa.pdf• Physorg.com

EXPECTATIONS

• With this development what is expected?